Essays on Forex

Currency has been a medium of exchange from the existence of humanity and the Central bank was created for the sole initiative of ensuring reasonable currency exchange in different jurisdiction. Therefore, the thesis of this paper will be to look into the historical price movement and any central bank policy that has been put onto the British pound.

Price movement of sterling pound

First and foremost, it is worth noting that the British Sterling pound, is the fourth most traded form of currency after the US dollar, Euros and the Japanese yen. The price movement of the sterling pound is adversely affected by external ...

Report for McDonalds

Italy and Russia

Figure 1: GDP per Capita at Constant Prices Figure 2: GDP Growth (Annual %) Figure 3: Inflation Rate CPI Figure 4: Unemployment Rates Figure 5: Policy Interest Rate (%) Figure 6: Russia Interest Rate (%) Figure 7: Current Account Balance in Italy (% of GDP) Figure 8: Current Account Balance in Russia (% of GDP) Figure 9: Russia Interest Rate

List of Tables

BUSINESS OVERVIEW McDonald’s Corporation is the world's largest chain of hamburger fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries across 36,538 outlets. Founded in 1955 by Ray Kroc in Des Plaines, Illinois, 80% of the ...

McDonalds has come to create a network in both Italy and Russia. Italy seems to have better balance of payment and government balance indices, interest rate, trade policy instruments and not needing to lose over currency rates while dealing with Eurozone importers, and even unemployment and GDP growth rates. However, unemployment and the lack of growth indicating poor economic performance and social welfare situation may advantage the brand in Russia through better low-cost labor availability and consumer reorientation on less expensive restaurant offerings. Overall, neither of the country is the ideal market for the brand, yet both have their ...

Q1. If an asset is owned in Germany by a US company and the dollar loses value (Euro gains value) then the asset’s value would depreciate on the company’s balance sheet. Q 2. Foreign exchange risk is present because foreign exchange rates keep on fluctuating. Q 3. A currency correlation shows the relationship between the values for two currencies.

Q 4. Explain in 2 or 3 paragraphs what hedging is and explain a type of hedge? How does the hedge work?

Hedging is a foreign exchange strategy used by international traders where they aim at limiting losses and remain capable of making profits. It is therefore a way of protecting forex investments against possible losses. This is an essential ...

ABSTRACT

It is necessary for investors to consider their overall portfolio and analyze which investment option is lagging in which area. Thus, we took all the investment what we were involved in over a given period of time. The three markets taken were stock exchange options, Forex currency trading and bullion trading. Under stock exchange trading options, we considered the investments made in three separate quarters, for Forex trading, we took the two currencies: Euro and Yen and for the bullion trading we invested in gold and silver as precious metals. Later, we found the profit status from all the ...

International FinanceName of the StudentCourseProfessorUniversityDate

International Finance INTRODUCTION

British Airways is one of the leading airlines in the United Kingdom primarily dealing with vacations and flights internationally. They have several subsidiaries and have increased their fleet to 262 planes. British Airways now has flights to 169 destinations.

Company B: Volkswagen

Volkswagen, Europe’s leading carmaker and one of the most successful global companies, reported a 95 drop in 2003 fourth quarter profits which collapsed from €1.05 billion to a plain €50 million. For all of 2003, Volkswagen’s operating profit fell by 50 percent from the record levels attained in 2002. Although the profit crash had more ...

PERSONAL FINANCE INVESTMENT IN QATAR: INVESTING QR 1000000

Abstract This article describes a personal finance project which entails the investment of QR 1000000 in a short time frame, from 1 March to 27 May 2016. We first define personal finance and establish the five steps of a personal financial planning process, which entails: (1) assessment of the individual’s financial situation; (2) determination of the individual’s financial goals; (3) creation and details of the financial plan, based upon the determined goals; (4) execution of the aforementioned plan; (5) monitoring and reassessment of the plan. For each one of the five stages, we carry out the required ...

Introduction

The exchange rate has become an integral component of modern economics. Its role stems from its far-reaching effects on the economy of a country, investments, the profitability of firms, and personal finances. Countries have become even more interdependent due to the rapid advancement in communication technologies and the expansion of global trade, which have significantly reduced the geographical distance between both individuals and countries. However, since nations use a broad range of domestic currencies with different values, trading partners must, therefore, rely on currency conversion methods to facilitate global transactions. This paper explores the importance of exchange rate and ...

PRESENTATION

PRESENTATION

Oil: West Texas Intermediate Crude Oil Spot Contract with a 40% share of the portfolio. The oil is the most important commodity in the world economy. It is used as the main source of energy in the world to empower the transport of goods and people, electricity generation and the use of its physical derivatives for polymer manufacture. The oil has always been attached to geopolitical tensions in Latin America and the Middle East, a very important factor in the price of the commodity. US Dollar: Dollar Index Spot with a 25% share of the portfolio. The US ...

BUSINESS FINANCING

Introduction Business owners and managers seeking financing encounters an essential decision regarding choice of whether to borrow money or to make use new equity capital. Given that equity and debts have very varied characteristics, each of them has different effect on cash-flow, earnings, and taxes as well as on balance sheet. They also have different impacts on any company`s dilution, leverage as well as a host for other financial metrics by which companies are measured. Lastly, each business financing options presents a different kind of relationship in relation to the financing source. Thus, a company`s plan on ...

Question 1

In order to achieve a global competitive advantage, firms as well as individuals pick strategic options that enable them to thrive in the international market. This is so because firms try to venture abroad for a wide of reasons. In this paper, we focus on key factors that can influence firm decisions in going international. These factors will offer a comprehensive rationale for the decision to go international. Therefore, the factor, which motivates firms to go international, is broadly divided into two groups pull and push factors.

The pull factors have proactive reasons because they are forces of attraction, ...

DQ1: Exchange Rates.

A. I spent my recent holiday vacation in South Africa, which is quite an inexpensive destination with various world class financial institutions that offer attractive exchange rates. Upon arrival at the O. R. Tambo International Airport in Johannesburg, I found a forex bureau that offered forex exchange at 0% percent commission to travelers. I exchanged 2000 US dollars and received 21,400 South African Rand (R). During the next four weeks of my vacation, I exchanged currency once at a forex bureau that charged 5% commission and later found out that I could exchange currency in Automated Teller machines at ...

The most important economic policy today is one that will spur economic growth. The economy has to emerge from the serious problems it is currently engulfed in which include: high unemployment, reduced consumer demand, a shrinking middle class, a large national deficit and the mishaps of the housing estate. Unemployment is a major issue of concern to date. It is critical that a policy that will spur economic growth be implemented because the other variables are largely dependent on the level of economic growth (Von Mises, 2006). A fiscal policy that will increase incomes of household will raise aggregate demand, and then firms ...

Analysis: IBM vs. Infosys Inc

As per the definition, Large Cap stocks refer to the stocks of the company, whose market capitalization exceeds $10 Billion. The term ‘’ Large Cap’’ is an abbreviation for the term large capitalization of a company which is calculated by multiplying number of shares outstanding to market price per share. For growth stocks, such stocks are expected to provide returns higher than the above market rate of return. Generally, market analyst considers the technology or the blue chip stocks to be growth stocks. For the given task, I have selected two blue chip stocks i.e., IBM from USA and Infosys ...

Introduction

This paper entails a detailed discussion and summary of what I experienced and learnt through my participation in the Financial Markets course, which formed part of my graduate studies. Having recently joined the financial services sector as a junior analyst at a large investment bank, my participation in this course has enabled me to gain practical and knowledgeable financial insights that I have applied both at work, and in other real life situations. Prior to joining the financial services sector, I previously worked as a litigation attorney in a mid-sized law firm located within my metropolis. My participation in this course has, therefore, equipped ...

Cadbury

Introduction The aim of this report is to present financial analysis of Cadbury Company. In order to deliver the same, this report will distinctly describe and then differentiate between the three main exposures of foreign exchange that many companies experience. Further the report will provide definitions and explanations of the determinants of Cadbury Company working under the exposure of international framework. Solutions will be offered in this report for discussing the importance of instruments in finances and the techniques of internal associations through which Cadbury Company can manage its international exposure operation. In addition, it will be important ...

Foreign Exchange Market

The foreign exchange market (forex, Fx, or currency market) is a worldwide decentralized market for the exchanging of monetary standards. It includes the procedure of exchanging the currency of one nation for the currency of an alternate. This process is essential for worldwide exchange to happen in a universe of distinctive currencies. The foreign exchange market is the biggest and most seasoned budgetary market on the planet. Dissimilar to the prospects and stock markets, exchanging of currency is not unified on any one exchange, yet exchanged everywhere throughout the world via banks and brokers. The foreign exchange market is the ...

Accounting

<Student’s name> <Name of the Academic Institution> Currently existing Foreign Exchange market (or Forex) is undoubtedly the largest and most sophisticated market in the history of mankind. Daily volumeof trades on Forex may reach 4-5 trillion dollars per day, which is greater that daily capacity of all other markets combined. This is a spot market, which means that the deals are being conducted instantly and practically without delay. There is, however a possibility to postpone the execution of such deals, but it is a technical procedure and has nothing to do with traditional derivatives or deferred payment ...

- Plot the collected FX data on a graph showing the daily movements Figure 1: Daily FX exchange rates for different currencies The selected currencies are US dollar, UK Pound, and Chinese Yuan. To start with, the US Dollar has shown a tremendous increase within the period of between July 1 2010 and July 1, 2012. As shown in figure 1, the rate was low in July 2010 but increased with a very high rate to June 2012. The AUD and USD exchange rate shows the relationship between toe currencies in respect to daily FX exchange rates. The USD exchange ...

The United States currency is the Dollar (US$) and its strength is measured in three distinct ways – through exchange rates, through treasury notes and through foreign exchange reserves. The easiest way of measuring the strength or weakness of the dollar is through the exchange rate. . The “exchange rate” is defined as the “value of a country’s currency expressed in the currency of another country” . By using the exchange rate, a country can determine the value of all its economic activities in comparison with other countries. The exchange rate is traded on what is known as a “foreign exchange currency market” or “ ...

In the aviation industry and indeed in the larger business context, systems and market dynamics have resulted into competition. The pressure for institutions, organizations and businesses to be efficient and competitive can be explained partly to emanate from globalization, improved infrastructure and the liberalization of markets in the world. Consequently, businesses have had to put their best in terms of efficiency in delivery of services and commodities. In the aviation industry, airports have had their fair share of the pressure. In reaction to the same, it has been incumbent on the airport management to ensure efficiency. In the quest ...

Technical Analysis is the study of market data from the past. Technical Analysis focuses primarily on the past data of volume and price. This analysis deals with the study of the response of the market in which the goods or services are marketed. Technical analysis relies on the trends of the past to predict the behavior or trend of the market in future. Price of stock and volume data can also be studied with technical analysis with a purpose to get the direction of the stocks in future (Talati). As far as trend analysis is concerned, it is one of ...

Abstract

International financial decisions are never easy to make. This is majorly because of the various that bring a lot of uncertain elements in the decision making process. In most case, the issue of contention in international finance is majorly uncertainties in future exchange differences. This is explained in the case study that follows. In this example, the company is torn between accepting a sure amount of money from a bank, and awaiting the outcome of a risky and unsure income. This paper seeks to unravel the element of uncertainty in this decision. This will be done by an analysis of the risks ...

Introduction

The currency of a nation is used as a medium of exchange and reference in all domestic financial transactions of a country. With globalisation and integration of economies, international business has become a common phenomenon. International business requires buying, selling and exchange of money between two nations. Since, economies across the world have their own currencies and value of each of these currencies vary at any given point in time, relative value of one currency with respect to another becomes an important aspect during international financial transactions. This has concerted international focus on the concept of foreign exchange, which deals with the relative ...

This essay looks at various issues relating to the Brazilian Real, including its relationship with other currencies and financial mechanisms designed to maintain stability for the currency. First of all, attention is focused on how the Real plan helped to combat hyperinflation from 1987 to 1997. During this 10 year period, Brazil saw a large part (40%) its Gross National Product (GNP) swallowed up by hyperinflation; thereby ensuring that only the basic essentials such as food and clothing were purchased, and cash or savings accounts were discarded due to the rapid decline in the purchasing power of the Real. ...

The following paper discusses at length what Foreign exchange market is and how beneficial it is for world economics. The paper also discuses three major world currencies and how their fluctuation is affecting world economy. The current global economic condition requires one to understand the mechanisms of economy and how it affects the daily lives.

International Financial Markets

An institutional and physical structure is provided by the foreign exchange market. Through this procedure, currencies of different countries are exchanged. The final rate of exchange between currencies is calculated, and then the foreign exchange conversions are known to be physically completed. In ...

International Finance

A floating currency refers to a system of currency valuation where by the exchange rate of a country’s currency depends on the supply and demand of that currency relative to foreign currencies. Floating rates of exchange usually vary freely because they are determined by trade activities in the forex market. A floating system of currency valuation is the complete opposite of the fixed rate of exchange. The fixed rate of exchange regime is where by the rate of exchanging the currency in relation to other foreign currencies is set at a constant rate. Countries can either choose the fixed rate ...