Essays on Double Consciousness

(a) In his article “African American Self-Reliance in a Post-racial America,” Marcus Coleman discussed whether or not the pundits claim that the election of Barrack Obama as the first African American President, has marked the beginning of a post-racial America were the racial and ethical agonies, such as slavery and Jim Crow, have forever been put behind us and that forever more we would exist as a society that values, believes in, and supports multi-culturalism and multi-racism. While Coleman, agrees that Obama’s election was indeed groundbreaking on many levels, especially, for him as a fellow African American. But, ...

Harlem Renaissance Poets: Essays on Langston Hughes’s “Jazz Band in a Parisian Cabaret” and Countee Cullen’s “Heritage” and Harlem Renaissance-Inspired Poem (Student’s Full Name) (Name of Professor) Harlem Renaissance Poets: Essay on Langston Hughes’s “Jazz Band in a Parisian Cabaret” and Countee Cullen’s “Heritage” and Harlem Renaissance-Inspired Poem According to David Chioni Moore (1996), there “exists and existed in this century a black culture that is neither African, Caribbean, American, nor European, but is rather all of these at once and more” (p. 49). The previously mentioned statement encapsulates both the dilemma and the ...

Many people have questioned the existence of multiple consciousness. In his book, The Souls of Black Folk: Essays and Sketches, W.E.B. Du Bois writes about the “double consciousness” of African Americans. In his views, the double consciousness of African American can be seen through their racial identity as well as the identity of what remains of slavery into which all African Americans are born. President Obama is an exampleof someone who had experienced a multiple consciousness. In many ways, one can say that African Americans live a multiple consciousness existences and in his book, Du Bois attempts to lift ...

In The Souls of Black Folk, W.E.B. Du Bois writes about a multiple consciousness he called double consciousness that is experienced by African Americans. Du Bois uses the term “double consciousness” to describe the hardship African Americans go through with their African and American identities. Today, African Americans find it difficult to fit into American society due to discrimination and racism. African Americans experience double consciousness today that helps them to understand life from the white American point of view as well as from the African American point of view. They have this ability due to remnants of their ...

_____________ University Many people question the existence of multiple consciousness. In his book, The Souls of Black Folk: Essays and Sketches, W.E.B. Du Bois writes about the “double consciousness” of African Americans. In his views, the double consciousness of African American can be seen through their racial identity as well as the identity of what remains of slavery into which all African Americans are born. President Obama had experienced a multiple consciousness during his term as President of the United States. In many ways, one can say that African Americans live a multiple consciousness existences and in his book, ...

The general assembly of UN approved an arrangement for dividing Palestine in 1947, which offered a chance for the establishment of Jewish State, as well as Arab State and Jerusalem, left under worldwide status. The Jewish and the Arab States rejected such an arrangement. The United Kingdom dropped its mandate or control on Palestine, which led to the proclamation of Israel state. As a result, the Palestinians with the help of Arab States declared war on Israel (Koops et al., 2015). Israel also fought many wars with other states; however, this paper focuses on factors causing internal conflicts within ...

Irene Lou in Passing by Nella Larsen (1929) Irene is the protagonist in the novel, Passing, by Nella Larsen that was written in 1929. The novel has three sections and Irene features all through, with her childhood friend, Clare. Clare is married to Jack, who does not know that she is black because is too light-skinned, just like Irene (Larsen and Kaplan).The light-skinned black ladies pass for whites, and Irene is critical of Clare's efforts to be white. At some point, she breaks off all communication with her, including tearing Clare's letters without reading them when she learned ...

Du Bois introduces three concepts that portray the prototypical Black experiences in the United States. These are illustrated through the Veil and double consciousness. Double consciousness and color line are concepts that were explored by Du Bois in 1903 (Bruce Jr. pp.299). His concept is slightly different from Thomas’ Paine and recurs throughout the article. His concept on double consciousness refers to living with double identities. One is the Negro identity together with all its troubles and second is the American identity compelled on the Negro after settling in the United States. It is color line that divides the ...

Introduction

The post-colonial era paved the way for democracy to flourish in former colony states. However, the same notion of democracy left the former colonies ravaged with internal conflict, violence, sub-state wars, and even genocide. This encompasses the immense fragility of the democratic process in which the idea of freedom succumbs the post-colonial countries to engage in internal conflicts. The discussion highlights how post-colonial democracies becomes a failed state. On the other hand, strategies for prevention will be provided offering a new perspective towards democracy. Lastly, the discussion will determine whether the problem lies with the global system that the ...

The plight of the black started just before slavery. With the slave trade, the black Americans were exposed torture, oppressions and all kinds of dehumanising things. After the end of slavery, there were hopes that the status of the African Americans will improve and their plights will reduce. However, the plight of the African Americans is getting even worse than ever. The racial discrimination and segregation have become worse than it initially was (Berg 19). Various figures have come upon to fight for the rights of the African Americans but all have ended up failing or being assassinated. The ...

The novel "The Stranger" by Albert Camus is one of the most important and popular of his works. It has a direct connection with the philosophy of existentialism and the absurd like most of the works of the author. The writer once again demonstrates the human and social relationships, as well as the internal conflict of the man himself by the example of the protagonist's life and feelings. The problem of the story touches upon many issues, but one of the main problems is the existence of God. The life of the protagonist Meursault is the way to truth ...

Stephen Crane, the author of A Dark Brown Dog, weaves a short story filled with vast amounts of imagery and symbolism. He creates an in-depth comprehensive description of an adopted dog, a young boy, and the growth of their relationship. Although the title suggests that the story will be about a dog, it does not reveal the cycle of abuse that plays out with the characters. Therefore, the seemingly innocent title of the story does not lets the audience know that there is an underlying theme within the story. This essay will examine the various literary devices that Crane ...

1. William Edward Du Bois was a prominent American civil rights activist who was known for his theory of double consciousness. More than being a philosopher, DuBois is most popular for being a social leader whose advocacy was centered on achieving equality among the colored people. The Marxist dimensions of Du Bois’s theory is linked to his belief that the economic status of the Black Americans was one of the contributory factors of their oppression, and he pointed what Marx once suggested that it is the equitable distribution of wealth that can help alleviate this condition of the ...

PART 1: ART AND ARCHITECTURE THEME REFLECTION

Part 1: Thinking Through Theme and Image

The theme chosen for discussion within this particular project is the theme of duality and conflict as a result of duality. This is a common theme throughout arts and literature; it can be seen in a grand sense in the Bible, with the duality of the divine, as well as in classical literature like Frankenstein. It is also present in many famous works of art, including works of art like Picasso’s Guernica. Duality and conflict—and associated themes of war and strife—are common themes because they are universal in many ...

Randall Kenan’s A Visitation of Spirits tells the story of Horace Cross, who is aged sixteen. Cross is plagued by problems that nag his impressionable spirit and sit in his mind in the form of loathsome demons. In one night, this climaxes into a horrible and tragic transformation. Reflecting on the fate of Horace, Reverend James Green (known as ‘Jimmy’) questions the values of the community in which they live and may have caused- even if by mere neglect- Horace’s fate. Jimmy focuses on the vicious cycle of poverty a community that hopes for the better, but ...

In President Obama’s speech, “A More Perfect Union,” the speaker looks at assesses the problem of racism as it occurs throughout the history of the United States and how it has shaped the lives of individuals in the society today. The speech was delivered when Obama was a Senator in 2008, but it carefully outlined his vision of a country that needed to deviate from the racial slurs that have impacted the country in the past and move towards a future where blacks and whites could unite and tackle the common social problems in the society. Obama’s willingly addresses the ...

Abstract

The research tests the Independent variables in the hypothesis of rich oil versus less oil countries. The occurrence of conflicts served as the dependent variable, and the countries that have proven access to oil deposits have served as the unit of analysis. To prove this research hypothesis, the research methods that have been done by collecting information regarding the presence of oil deposits in the subject countries and other economic indicators such as the national GDP (Gross Domestic Product), among others. The collection of data focused on: Oil income, GDP, and Fail States. The analysis was done using the ...

The movement of African –American from the south to the north in the 1900’s marked the Harlem Renaissance period .,many people were moving to Harlem .The north offered the black people more suitable place where there was equality for all and they also the right to vote. After this movement, the blacks’ population in New York increased; they were able to live in modern houses which had been designed for the white citizens. Prominent black people and human rights activist found a suitable place to live in Harlem. Businesses were developed, and institutions for the black citizens were setup, ...

Conflict is a violent dispute or incompatibility of views positions between individuals or groups. Conflicts are normal and inevitable and inherent feature of human existence. For conflicts to be present, key issues must be taken into consideration since the analysis of issues gives or assist in the identification of parties to the conflict hence the meaning of the systems in the conflict. As such conflict situations involve cases where individuals or parties have divergent views or incompatible aims which motivate and influence their behavior. As such, the behavior shown by the parties is what will determine the issues in ...

The conflicts found in the art of the Harlem Renaissance are not a conflict of white between black, instead it is a conflict within the African American as they try to make sense of their place in the world and society. Laura Barrette speaks in her of a concept originally introduced by W.E.B. DuBois’s theory of a “double-consciousness” within African American texts. In her essay, “’Mark my words’: Speech, Writing and Identity in Three Harlem Renaissance Stories” she writes of this double consciousness, saying, “African American texts are “mulattoes,” struggling between two parallel discursive universes” (Barrette, 1). This idea of double ...

Kanye West is one of the most renowned hip hop artists in the contemporary society. Kanye West is a lyricist, producer, entrepreneur, fashion designer, director, and a rapper all rolled in one. He embodies the true spirit of the “hustle and ambition” culture that is synonymous with many Black Americans. In order to understand his journey in the music industry, it is prudent to analyze his music, self, and experiences through a sociological lens. Using the W.E.B. Dubois’ double consciousness and Stuart Hall’s cultural representation theories, Kanye, his music and near fatal accident can be put into perspective.

Kanye’s Double Consciousness

Kanye, as an ...

Abstract

The Civil War has been hailed as one of the most defining events of American history. The Civil not only led to the unification of the nation but was also accompanied by another revolutionary occurrence which was the end of slavery. Several states abolished slavery during this period. One of these states was the state Washington, District of Columbia. The District of Columbia officially ended slavery in 1862 after the signing of the document “The District of Columbia Compensated Emancipation Act”. The act was signed into law by President Lincoln. The signing of this document was seen as a great ...

“Othello” is one of Shakespeare’s most intense plays and reflects the Aristotelian ideas of the perfect tragedy. According to Aristotle, “A tragedy is the imitation of an action that is serious,” (From Poetics, p.1). In addition, the tragedy has a “magnitude [that is] complete in itself; in appropriate and pleasurable language [and] in a dramatic rather than narrative form; with incidents arousing pity and fear,” (From Poetics, p.1). In other words, an outstanding tragedy looks at a single issue that is very important in the play and allows the reader to feel pity and fear for the hero as he heads ...

Introduction

Throughout one's life, conflict plays a major role. Conflict is a kind of discord, argument or disagreement arising within the self or a group. This is what is known as internal and external conflict. Internal conflict occurs in the mind of an individual when they face two opposing issues or alternatives or when they find fault with their own actions or character. External conflict, on the other hand, happens between one person and another or group. Conflict can also arise between what is imagined or apparent, to what is the reality. For example, the characters and the text present this form of ...

Question One

Climate change has its impacts differently on different regions. However, focusing on the sub-Saharan region, approximately eight years from now climate change will affect water, food security and change height of sea level. This change will lead to water shortage and agricultural projects will be launched to cater for the climate. Towards the end of the 21st century, coastal regions with high population will face the challenge of adapting to the change in sea level that is projected to rise. Notably, change will be inevitable, thus, people will be forced to change for them to survive the changing climate.

Question Two

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Literature often deals with various conflicts involving people; wars, families, cultures, nations, and many other factors pit one or more people against each other. However, pivotal moments in literature often occur within the characters themselves. A character may struggle within himself, and this internal struggle can reveal much about the character and therefore the aim of the literature. Nathaniel Hawthorne’s “Young Goodman Brown” and James Baldwin’s “Sonny’s Blues” are short stories that deal intimately with the internal conflict of their protagonists, which reveals much about the characters. Nathaniel Hawthorne’s short story, “Young Goodman Brown,” ...

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Genocide in Guatemala: An Outline Guatemala is mostly hilly country in Central America. It was erstwhile the heart of the well-known Mayan civilization, which was prevalent till the 10th century AD. When Spanish voyagers invaded Maya in the 16th century, the indigenous Mayans were enslaved in their own native soil. They are even now the most underprivileged majority of the Guatemala's population. Such kinds of inequalities and cruelties of Mayan people led to bitter Civil war in Guatemala which resulted in the mass genocide of this community. In ...

The epic poem of Gilgamesh and the Odyssey has many forms of many conflicts, internal and external conflicts. The Odyssey is a novel by Homer while the Epic of Gilgamesh is an epic poem from Mesopotamia believed to be the oldest written story on earth with anonymous authors. In the Odyssey by Homer, there are many different types of conflicts. But the one that sticks out and the most exciting conflict is that between Telemachus and the suitors. Telemachus dominates in the first books of the Odyssey by defending his mother against the suitors. Telemachus had to do everything ...

Nicholas Sparks has occupied a genre that is not typically attributed to the masculine ilk - Romance Novels and he has captured the hearts of readers with Hollywood meticulously turning his books into movies. In so doing Nicholas Sparks has been able to reach people who may not necessarily have been book lovers as close to ten of his books have been turned into movies. His books portray the love stories of average Joes and have gone on to sell more than 50 million copies worldwide. Unlike most authors, Sparks found success instantly when he wrote a novel that was inspired ...

It is just about impossible to discuss Hamlet without the word “conflict” coming up. From beginning to end, the tortured path that the young prince of Denmark has to travel is beset with both internal and external battles that begin with the untimely death of his father and end with the death of everyone who could have held power in the kingdom, leaving matters quite vulnerable just as the Norwegian prince Fortinbras shows up. It is this reason why the actors who have played Hamlet have all had to show such range in terms of demonstrating the different modes ...

Part 1

- Ida B. Wells - was a brave journalist, a dominant organizer of the anti-lynching campaign, a daring newspaper editor, and a strong-minded orator. She led the way for the Civil rights movement and was exceptionally important to the blacks’ rights. - Tuskegee Institute - a private college that was historically a black university situated in Tuskegee, Alabama. The institute became famous in training African-Americans to be pilots in World War II. - The Atlanta Compromise - The “Atlanta Compromise” was the brand name of a famous speech by Washington in Atlanta, in the year 1895. It was to assist the African-Americans to completely ...

Introduction

Mycenaean period is a period in Greece that took place during Bronze Age. The Mycenaean period obtained its name from Mycenae which is an archaeological site located in northern Argolis, which is situated in the southern part of Greece. The other significant Mycenaean sites include Thebes, Pylos, Athens, and Tiryns. These sites among other things made Mycenae very famous between 1100 BC and 1600 BC. Mycenaean community was separated into two groups of men. Firstly, there existed King`s entourage. This group of men performed administrative tasks in the palace. These tasks included being sent from one place to the ...

The possession of knowledge carries an ethical responsibility. Evaluate this claim. The possession of knowledge can differ depending upon situations, circumstances and times. There can be no absolute authority or truth regarding this matter. However, one who possesses knowledge can have an effect on himself and others around him. Ethics are an important concept which assists people in defining their lives with dire emphasis on doing acting in a right manner. The concept of ethics itself is highly abstract, especially since it is associated with morality. Morality and ethics deviate not only if contrasting societies and cultures, but also ...

Black like me

Plato, one of the most famed philosophy, reiterated that it is only in the light of justice that we can be able to truly define the real measure of an individual’s view; whether it existed or not. He further reflected that the non-existence of justice is the non-existence of what defines one as a man. This statement manages to capture what author Griffin faced during his self imposed experiment. In addition, the saying covers the widespread racial discrimination when he was writing his book; black like me. During this time, justice was a mirage to the black community in the ...

All O’Conners’ stories have instances of violence. In the story A Good Man Is Hard to Find, the author introduces a mysterious grand mom who is dissatisfied by the son’s choice of holiday to Florida instead of her preferred destination of Tennessee. On their way however, the grandmother disturbs the cat and it responds with a terrified cry. The cry makes Bailey who is driving to slid and land into a ditch on the sides of the road. The children who are also travelling in the same car get happy and to them it looks like an adventure. The elderly ...

Talk About Haiti

All human beings have a right to freedom and they have the capability of overcoming oppression and injustices such as Authoritarian leadership and slavery just to mention a few. The revolution in the Caribbean is a classic example of how united and focused humans with a common good, can achieve their goal. Ada Ferrer makes a valuable argument that the archives are biased since they are influenced by state powers, but facts have a way of exposing themselves in one way or another. This is evident in the various channels used to extrapolate information on the Haitian revolution such as letters, word of mouth, and ...

1. Define Gilman’s terms sex-distinction and sex-attraction. Discuss how you feel (if you do) society today still overemphasizes both terms. Draw on your own experiences or a friend’s experience to give support for your argument (page 207). Charlotte Perkins Gilman defined sex distinction as the belief that biological differences made women ideally suited for childbearing and domestic tasks, while sex attraction was a cultural expectation that required young women to be physically appealing in order to obtain a husband. Gilman argued that most women’s work was of an unpaid domestic nature, not because of biology but economics, since ...

Racism in the United States is not a thing of the past as earlier claimed by some government officials. In fact, it has taken another form which is a disguise to the original form of racism. To begin with, racism can be defined as the act of judging people in regard to a certain vice. In most cases, racism occurs when one race of people discriminate against another mainly in regard to skin color or superiority complex. As an example, in the United States, the racial discrimination (racism) that exists is due to skin color. In the US, there are the black ...

ABSTRACT

W.E.B. Du Bois (1868-1963) was one of the greatest social thinkers who ever lived. Born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts he attended local schools and then proceeded for higher education at Fisk University, Harvard and University of Berlin. He was the first African-American to attain a Ph.D. from Harvard in 1895. He worked as professor at Wilberforce University and then worked at the University of Pennsylvania doing a one year research in Philadelphia slums which led to him publishing a social study in 1899, The Philadelphia Negro, which was the first of its kind showcasing the plight of African-Americans in America. He also ...

Harlem Renaissance Poetry: Georgia Douglas Johnson and Langston Hughes

Georgia Douglas Johnson and Langston Hughes are two well-known figures and very important personalities during the Harlem Renaissance. Langston Hughes was a young poet in Washington, D.C. when Georgia Douglas Johnson also lived there. She was married with two children still she made time to hold weekly get-togethers for young black writers in her home. Georgia Douglas Johnson was born in Atlanta, Georgia in 1886. Young (2001) reported “She was the first black female to receive national recognition as a poet since Frances E. W. Harper, the abolitionist writer, whose last poems were published in 1872” (p. 25). Johnson was ...

Abstract

The present paper uses a problem solving model in order to present a solution to the existing crisis within Classic Airlines. After analyzing both the internal and the external factors that are currently generating the crisis, the solution is presented, along with key elements related to the correct and efficient implementation of it. The paper focuses on the importance of Customer Relationship Management (CRM), not only in a crisis situation, but as a continuous working tool, due to the increased demands of customers and due to the value represented over time by loyal clients versus new ones.

Introduction

Marketing nowadays has a very difficult task ...

"Why I Live at the P.O." and "The Storm"

In a story, the protagonist is the character the reader follows and sees through their various trials and tribulations. However, many of these conflicts are not just plot-driven, but character-driven as well. There are various challenges that both protagonists of Eudora Welty's short story "Why I Live at the P.O." and Kate Chopin's "The Storm" endure. These challenges occur both from without and within, revealing things about their characters and motivations that even they may not have realized. These stories both tell the tale of some sort of mental challenge with ...

An Analysis

”How It Feels to Be Colored Me” by Zora Neale Hurston does exemplifies what Dubois terms the “double consciousness” which is the experience of being “an American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts, two unreconciled strivings; two warring ideals in one dark body.” (45). However, she exemplifies Dubois’ words only to a limited extent: Hurston’s experiences of being an African American in white, racist society are much more complex than Dubois’s basic and simple dichotomy. Until she was thirteen, Hurston does not exist at all in anything resembling a state of “double consciousness” at all. By contrast, since she ...

An Analysis

Up to the age of thirteen, Hurston does not exist in a state of “double consciousness” at all. Instead, because she lives in an all African American community and rarely has contact with white people, she might be said to live in a state of pre-consciousness. As she writes, she “became” African American when she was thirteen and end to school in Jackson. (1008). Before that she had lived in a state innocence and ignorance – unaware of the wider and predominantly racist society that she lived in. she sings and dances for the tourist who pass through town; thy e give her ...