Essays on Cullen

The costs of white-collar crimes are difficult to quantify because the costs incurred are higher than those of conventional crimes (DiMarino & Roberson, 2013). The types of cost attributed to white-collar crimes are as follows. 1. Direct Cost is an economic loss/measurable loss. It is also termed as the victim’s loss that is measurable. For example, market value, financial loss, and replacement cost, etc. (Fredrichs, 2010). 2. Indirect Cost is the type of cost that is occurred in response to the white-collar crime. It is difficult to measure because it has a non-economic impact. For example, the increase in ...

Fear messages have been of importance within the nursing profession over the years and were even responsible for the reduction of the use of substance abuse in communities. Substances abuse is discouraged in many communities owing to their negative effects on the general health of an individual (DiBello, Neighbors, & Ammar, 2015). It is because of these adverse consequences that the nursing and health sector, in general, decided to come up with creative ideas to curb the menace. One of the commonly used strategies in this field is the formulation of fear messages to scare away the drug users from ...

Integrity

Integrity

Integrity is a critical value for any manager who is leading a team to possess because it

can potentially inspire subordinates to achieve their best work. Gentry, Cullen, Sosik, Chun, Leupold, and Tonidandel (2013) define integrity as behaving in a manner that is consistent with the established rules of a company while ensuring that job expectations are met. Kaiser and Hogan (2010) further asserted that integrity is a quality that specifically deals with a person’s moral character. A manager needs to have integrity in his or her work because it is important to acknowledge that subordinates watch how the leader operates in various situations and they expect the manager to lead others by example. ...

Introduction

Management accounting (MA) involves collection and dissemination of accounting information for purposes of decision making. Over the recent past, management accounting has experienced significant changes, an aspect that is explained by different scholars (Sven, 2007, p. 336). The topic has attracted different concerns from various stakeholders, linking recent changes to globalization and changes experienced in the organizational settings. The concept of MA is understood to have significant impacts on organizational management as it is used in making strategic decisions (Arroyo, 2015, p. 287). This paper evaluates various theories explaining factors influencing change in management accounting. To achieve study objective, ...

Supply chains and the logistics associated with the same are something that all companies have to deal with at some level. This is true, of course, of manufacturing and product-based businesses. However, it is also true when it comes to businesses that supply services. Even if there is a marked difference between the two business types when it comes to supply chains, it is important to note that both supply chain frameworks and types must be taken seriously. The important aspects that exist within both frameworks would include the overall design of the applicable supply chain, how decisions are ...

Traidos Bank and Roche’s Drug Trial in China

Introduction An organisation or a firm can set standards that may determine what is good or bad while making decisions. These are the ethics of an organisation, knowing what is right and wrong and deliberately choosing to do the right thing. Traidos bank prides itself on being ethical. It is guided by having six principles. The principles are, promoting sustainable development in everything that they do, respecting and obeying the laws of any country that they work in, respecting human right regardless of race and culture, respecting the environment by discouraging negative influence, being accountable for anything that they ...

Harlem Renaissance Poets: Essays on Langston Hughes’s “Jazz Band in a Parisian Cabaret” and Countee Cullen’s “Heritage” and Harlem Renaissance-Inspired Poem (Student’s Full Name) (Name of Professor) Harlem Renaissance Poets: Essay on Langston Hughes’s “Jazz Band in a Parisian Cabaret” and Countee Cullen’s “Heritage” and Harlem Renaissance-Inspired Poem According to David Chioni Moore (1996), there “exists and existed in this century a black culture that is neither African, Caribbean, American, nor European, but is rather all of these at once and more” (p. 49). The previously mentioned statement encapsulates both the dilemma and the ...

Biology is definitely one of the most prominent disciplines that made an enormous progress in recent decades. Contemporary biology is eagerly used by behavioral geneticists and provides a basis for its various researches and projects. One of the major paradigms of the 21st century is probably biosocial criminology. It is an interdisciplinary field, the first and foremost purpose of which is to explain crime and antisocial behavior by exploring both biological and environmental factors (Buss, 2015). Though the study of crime was great while dominated by the governing paradigm of sociological criminology, biosocial criminology is nowadays considered to be ...

INTRODUCTON

When people think of crime their first inclination is to envision men in masks robbing a bank at gunpoint, drug dealers selling drugs to children on the street and, in the most extreme cases, murder. However, there are many different types of crime and not all of them are violent, not all involve acts that are easily identified and happen a lot more often that the general public probably thinks. White-collar Crime was first identified the mid 20th century by Edwin Sutherland. However, white-collar crime, which is the term given to financial crimes committed by the middle and higher ...

Historical Origins of Correctional Enterprise

Correctional systems are institutions for rehabilitating criminals. They include prisons and community- based systems. After being convicted in court, criminals may spend time in correctional systems away from friends and family. There are different types of correctional systems classified according to the government level in which they function: private, local, state or federal. They can also be classified according to the level of security, age, and gender (Waldron, et al. 2009). Most correctional systems run Correctional Enterprise programs that provide opportunities for prisoners to learn new skills, be productive, and responsible. This initiative’s objective is to instill values ...

The recent history of the United States of America has been plagued by frequent violent outbursts. This has been especially common in schools by students employing firearms. One of the most famous of these events was the Columbine massacre. Even though it was a long time ago, I can still remember it being all they talked about in the news for a significant amount of time. Many people could not believe that such a tragedy had happened, especially at the hand of such young boys. It was a bloody encounter that stayed in the public consciousness for years, including ...

This paper discusses self-control theory, which is proposed as a general theory of crime by Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990). These researchers argued that low levels of self-control explained criminal acts and criminal behavior, regardless of age, gender, race, time, or type of crime. They also argue that low levels of self-control is also the (main) explanatory variable in behaviors similar to criminal behavior, such as deviant behavior, anti-social behavior, and other risk-taking behavior including smoking and over-drinking (Gottfredson and Hirschi, 1990). Low self-control is something that is developed from childhood, at the stage at which self-control can be developed ...

Vestibular Projections

Vestibular projections in the central nervous system consist of vestibular end organs which communicate with the brain stem and the cerebellum via the vestibular branch of the eighth cranial nerve. These nerves are also connected to the auditory fibers. Thus damage caused to these structures can cause both vestibular and auditory disturbances. The vital function of the vestibular system is to coordinate head and eye movements. The ability of the eye to stay focused on an object even while the head is moving is brought about by the vestibular system.

Vestibular Cochlear Nerve

The vestibulo cochlear nerve or the auditory nerve is ...

The three types of traditional Japanese theater are Noh, Kabuki, and Bunraku. Noh is the original Japanese theatrical form, and uses music and symbols to allude to past events or myths in Japanese history. There are five different types of Noh plays, ranging from focusing on Gods to the loss of a loved one. Kabuki is a theatrical form developed in 1596 to appeal to the mass public; that is, the common people and merchants. Women were forbidden to perform in Kabuki plays, though it was founded by a woman. Kabuki plays traditionally feature bright costumes and lots of ...

Juvenile Murderers: A Second Chance or Death

Introduction The question over treatment of juvenile murderers creates a major debate in the social and political circles. There are proponents of public supporting punishment in the form of a life in prison without parole called LWOP, many believe that capital punishment is needed, and others support the implementation of life in prison with work and restitution called LWOP + W/R (Moon, Wright, Cullen, & Pealer, 2000, p. 663). One common aspect is the belief of the public is the need for bringing people to justice by either jail time or capital punishment. Another important aspect of the juvenile punishment system ...

Strategic Management in Cemex

Strategic management is an essential aspect of any organization that wishes to stay ahead of the competition and increase its growth. This analysis gives an account of Cemex, one of the leading cement producing company in the world. The analysis demonstrates how the company's mission and vision align with its plans to penetrate the Indian and Chinese market through strategic management since the two markets have shown a high market potential despite having a high number of players in the industry. A description of the company objectives and strategic capabilities is outlined and how they can help it achieve ...

Introduction 3

History of Labeling Theory 4 Critiques of Labeling Theory 5 How Do Current Criminal Justices Policies Demonstrate an Application of the Theory to Practice? 7 Reflection 8 Conclusion 9

Reference List 10

Labeling Theory Introduction Labeling theory is the model of the ways, in which the self-distinctiveness and the performance of various people might be assessed or predisposed by the expressions applied to define or categorize them. This report will explore the strengths and weaknesses of labeling theory, along with the history of the labeling theory and its critiques. This concept is related to the notions of self-fulfilling insight and typecasting of ...

Cross-Cultural Management

Cross-cultural management is the field of study that has to drown interest to researchers, and its basis is on the theories and research from disciplines like cross-cultural psychology, international business, human resource, organizational behavior and management. The goal of this field is to seek and find an understanding of how the national cultures affect management practices in the modern business world. The other goal could be to identify the similarities and differences across cultures in various management practices and organizational contexts. The primary objective of cross-cultural management is that it seeks to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of global ...

About the theory

Labelling theory is a theory that proposes that society imposes certain labels on people who are perceived to commit criminal acts(Lopes et al. 2012). Criminal acts refer to actions and behaviors the society deems wrong either legally or morally(Caputo 2008). According to the labelling theory when we attach certain labels to people who have committed criminal acts such individuals may be obliged to live up to the labels thereby continuing with their crimes. Below is a case study and the integration of labelling theory in the case Ken, a 16-year-old boy, is caught taking drugs by some ...

Abstract:

Theories were developed over the years, as researchers and sociologists tried to explain the reasons why there is crime within the communities. These theories include the social bonds theory, the self-control theory, the power control theory, the control balance theory, the differential coercion theory, and the social support theory. Based on the theories, there are five realities behind the causation of crime: (1) that crime is caused by weakening bonds to the society; (2) that crime is the effect of having low self-control; (3) that crime is caused by occupational patriarchy; (4) that it is caused by the roles ...

Abstract

The Columbine High School Massacre was the bloodiest school killing spree in the United States of America ever committed. Dylan Klebold and Eric Harris killed 12 of other students, one professor and injured 24, before committing a suicide (Aronson, 2000). The perpetrators had versatile arsenal of weapons and pipe bombs, which, according to the US Security Service estimates was sufficient to kill 200 people (Kass, 2009). Theorists extensively debated about the motives of their attack. Some argued that the reasons were psychological (Atheide, 2009), while others actively advocated the notion that their attack was a retaliation for bullying and ...

Holtfreter K. and Wattanaporn K. (2013). The Transition from Prison to Community Initiative: An Examination of Gender Responsiveness for Female Offender Reentry. Criminal Justice and Behavior. The review looks at the reentry of female prisoners based on the context of The Transition from Prison to Community Initiative. The program consists of different stages that the justice system follows to facilitate the restoration of ex-convicts into the society (Holtfreter and Wattanaporn, 2013). The writers conduct the analysis to assess the current reentry practices and policies that allow gender responsiveness. They illustrate the correctional outcomes and restoration methods in two cities ...

Abstract

Rising rates of recidivism in the United States have developed concerns pertaining to the effectiveness of prisons as correctional facilities. In this study, the focus is to assess the suitability of faith-based correctional methods in promoting inmates reentry into the society. Some discussed methods include Inner change programs, prison chaplaincy, and meditational strategies. Several studies have indicated significant declines in recidivism rates among inmates who participated in these initiates. For example, Duwe & Johnson (2013) found that inmates who engaged in Inner change programs in Minnesota were less likely to be arrested by at least 8% compared to their counterparts ...

A. Introduction

Bright Star Corporation seeks to develop a code of ethics that will guide the management in making decisions and setting standards for the interaction of stakeholders, employees, and clients. The code of ethics will also protect the organization’s reputation and help in handling legal proceedings (Parboteeah & Cullen, 2013). Ideally, the code of ethics will showcase the company's credibility and help it to build a good reputation. I. Code purpose statement The purpose of the code of ethics is to develop a uniform knowledge that ensures standard interaction among workers from different departments within the organization. The code of ...

(Author, Department, University,

Corresponding Address and email)

Autism is a psychiatric problem characterized by the presence of communication disorders as well as short attention span and decreased expression of emotions. Communication problems include both verbal communication and non-verbal communication as, for example, autistic patients cannot use their body language properly. Autistic patients are also unable to treat others as people, i.e. they show impairment in social interaction (Payne, 2003). Among the most important signs and symptoms of autism are repetition of words or phrases, a condition that is also known as echolalia; disliking for any physical contact; inability to understand the feelings of ...

Correctional Theory

Correctional Theory The central idea of this article predominantly explores the six main theories of correction or philosophies of punishment; which provide legitimate justifications for the state punishment of an individual through the criminal justice system. These theories include: Retribution or Just Deserts, Deterrence, Incapacitation, Restorative Justice, Rehabilitation, & Early Intervention (Cullen, F. T., & Jonson, C. L., 2012). Furthermore, the article discusses based-origin of these theories while expressing social factors which have impacted their use; thereafter providing a systematic review of the given evidence towards the ultimate effectiveness of each strategy. More specifically, the study hypothesis of this article can ...

Professional Ideology

Professional Ideology; From Nothing Works to What Works The central thesis of this article looks towards the academic study of corrections alongside the discipline known as Criminology, in order to arbitrate as to whether such concepts have committed a construction of knowledge, or deconstruction of knowledge within the field throughout the past quarter of a century or so; ultimately through method of scientific study. The study hypothesis of the article specifically stated that aside from the main question as to what does and does not work in the field, scholars have indeed been “raised” to show what does not ...