Essays on Feminist Movement

Introduction

Gender equality is one of the most controversial and complicated issues that have plagued human societies for many years. In fact, the issue regarding gender equality has been an age-old problem that have prevailed even in the contemporary society. The problem in gender equality lies on the concept of equality itself, primarily because the concept of equality is too broad to be explicitly defined. The case of Stella Bliss, for example, is a manifestation that the concept of equality is subjective and depends on the prevailing perception on equality. According to the merits of the case, Stella Bliss, a ...

Becky Thompson purports to present real chronology of the second wave feminism in her article. She focus on the fact that women of colour purported to be equal to men in their right. By the way of providing strong arguments, Thompson points out the poor and one-sided understanding of this movement by popular sources. (Thompson, 2002) She emphasizes that feminists of the "second wave" also understood that various forms of cultural and political inequality of women are inextricably linked. They urged women to realize that certain aspects of their personal life are deeply politicized and reflect sexist power structures. ...

What is your possible topic? Brainstorm five questions about it.

The proposed essay would be on the topic of gender discrimination. Now, there can be no denial of the fact that gender discrimination is one of the major social ills that has the potential of thwarting the holistic development of the human society. As such, the topic in context would aim to scrutinize the social issue so as to achieve a better understanding of the matter. Truly, no problem can possibly be combatted or eradicated if it is not comprehended with all its intricacy. Hence, the essay would work as a major opportunity to delve deep into the topic ...

Introduction

In their attempt to identify appropriate research approaches in politics, feminists have often criticized traditional social science methodologies. In her article on women and democracy and the patriarchal welfare state, Carole Pateman raises the issue of the highly patriarchal political scene. She indicates that the positive and social democratic perspective is that a welfare state provides social meaning and equal worth to the political and juridical rights of all citizens. A second, more pessimistic, view on the welfare state, according to Pateman (1987) is that it provides the government with new approaches to exercising power over and governing the ...

Feminism encompasses a range of social movements, political ideologies, and perspectives that focus on defining, establishing, and achieving personal, economic, social, and political and personal women’s rights. Ideally, feminists are fighting for a society that provides equal opportunities for women in employment and education. The feminist movements in contemporary societies continue to champion for women’s rights, including the right to hold public office, vote, own property, work, receive education, and enjoy equal rights within marriage. Particularly, they support or advocate for women’s rights and equality. The second-wave feminism is women’s movement that occurred in the ...

Gender is a very powerful category and one that many different people have used in order to explain culture and society. The role of women in society had for the longest time been constricted to the private sphere, the home, taking care of the children and being the primary Linchpin that could take care of the family and be the emotional and often moral center of the family. Women in the course of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries have gained more rights and have fought for equality with men. When Korean families immigrated to the United States in the ...

Introduction

Feminism refers to economic, political and cultural movement formed to establish and agitate for the equal protection as well as legal rights of all women. It involves the philosophies and sociological and political theories that have a bearing on issues of gender and gender differences. Feminism also involves the agitation for women’s interests and rights as well as movements that fight for gender equality. In addition to the vibrant campaigns for the legal rights of women, including the right to vote, to enter into contracts and to own property, the feminist movement is solely responsible for the paradigm ...

Discussion Board Posts

Published in 1984, Audre Lorde’s article argues in favor of a unified feminist movement, which does not ignore the differences among the experiences of women belonging to different groups, but rather, it uses those differences to examine the different ways in which women are oppressed, and the ways in which those differences contribute to enriched creativity. The author explains that, right now, the feminist movement is divided by the same forces that create human differences in general, which oppose dominant groups to minority groups, thus creating simplistic patterns of difference, where the characteristics of the dominant groups are ...

[Class Title]

Introduction Vampires are mythical creatures that appear in ancient folklores. Most cultures have their own version of the vampire although they share a common characteristic; that is, the lust for human blood. There is no particular gender to the vampire character. Male and female vampires do exists even in ancient literatures, making the vampire one of the most gender neutral characters. The depiction of the female vampire in human culture, however, is an interesting way of looking into the development of women, particularly on how society views women and their social status over the course of time. ...

[Class Title]

Analysis of Nora’s Character in Henrik Ibsen’s ‘A Doll’s House’

Introduction Henrik Ibsen’s ‘A Doll’s House’ is a play that touched on issues of feminism and gender equality. The play was written by Ibsen in 1879, during which it became highly controversial because it challenged conventions regarding the role of women in society. During the time, gender equality is considered as a taboo topic. There are certain norms that define how the typical woman should act and women are judged according to these standards. The traditional role of women as passive wives and homemakers is regarded as the defining standard by which women’s usefulness ...

The feminist movement has been a vibrant one for the past couple of decades, not only in the United States but all across the world. There have been politically powerful and culturally influential campaigns and movements regarding women’s liberation and consciousness. The feminist movement involved several projects in the government bureaucracies, different institutions, and professions. These movements have brought about major changes in the lives of many women and their professions. Despite the acceptance of women’s equality and prominent accomplishments, the feminist movement has yet to achieve its absolute goals of gender equality (Epstein 2001). The focus ...

It seems like nowadays the concept of feminism gained a negative connotation equating its followers as fanatics and usually mocking their intentions. This movement, which managed to bring freedom and rights to women, is considered today as obsolete and irrelevant, as society believed that females were fully liberated. However, it is far from being true. Female professionals are still paid less than their male counterparts, women are stilled viewed through the prism of patriarchal values, and the dissemination of power between men and women remains unequal to these days. In order to revive the memories of the achievements gained ...

Race and ethnicity are defining characteristics in modern society, and although progress has been made to reduce disparities and enforce equity among all groups, inequalities still exist. These inequalities are deeply rooted in American society and often mislabeled as racism, racial bigotry, or sexism. Because society seeks the ultimate equality, the second feminist movement has gone overboard in ensuring the equitable treatment of all groups. Fixing the problem of equality is not something that is possible by forcing all groups to be the same, when differences will always exist and arguably should exist. The feminist movement initiated as a ...

Imperial, Dominant, and Hegemonic Feminism

<Tutor> <Department> Imperial, Dominant, and Hegemonic Feminism

Introduction

The term feminism emerged in the contemporary socio-political discourse as an important movement encompassing ideological frameworks that seeks to establish and define a common goal to achieve equal footing in the political, personal, and economic sector. Since the emergence of the feminist movement, several notions of feminism was developed to create a greater understanding of its role in establishing equal rights and opportunities of women. In this discussion, the different notions of feminism will be explored by highlighting the concepts of each theoretical model. The discussion includes definitions of imperial, ...

Feminism as a social and political movement is the result of women's reactions to their position in society. Supporters of feminism emphasize the discrimination of women in society, and note that the privileges, rights and social hierarchy should not be arranged according to gender. Feminism as a social and political phenomenon today, and as it was fifty years ago, is perceived ambiguously by the society. Metamorphoses, transforming it from a movement for women's suffrage in the movement for gender equality and the protection of minorities, have split the term into many concepts, often contradicting each other. Nowadays different feminist ...

Introduction

Nowadays, the rise of women empowerment has provided a huge lift towards the promotion of gender equality and independence. For the past several decades, men are always considered as more dominant human beings. They hold political power, provide the basic necessities for the family, and are able to handle certain issues at work with ease and confidence. They are even much stronger and tougher than women in terms of their physical attributes. Nonetheless, the mark of their liberation and equal human rights has provided each and every woman a glimpse on how to act and be equally related with ...

America in the 1920s: Radical Social Change as a Result of Technological Innovation

Important periods in American history are remembered with nostalgia and awe by the subsequent generations. The 1920s are mainly remembered in American culture for the changing attitudes of the youth, who embraced modern ideas and embraced the technological and ideological changes at the level of the society. Thus, America faced changes of an unprecedented scale in the 1920s (Palmer, 2006). The nation’s economic social and cultural identity underwent profound transformations during this time (Palmer, 2006). Americans enjoyed economic growth, political stability, and an unprecedented transformation due to the technological advancements. Novel technologies and inventions allowed people to spend ...

During the civil rights movement of the 1970s, disparate groups of people came together to fight and protest against the discrimination of people based on color, gender and creed. Even though these movements protested white male patriarchy and the disenfranchisement of people of color, their goals were not in sync with one other group that suffered more under the hands of patriarchy and racial domination. This group encompassed black woman, who suffered patriarchy as well as racial discrimination. The larger women’s rights movement ignored race as an important construct in the fight for freedom and equality. The universalization ...

This essay deals with the issue regarding male feminism and men’s movement. The main purpose of this essay is to answer main questions regarding male feminism and provide the information about men’s movement. In order to achieve the purpose successfully, appropriate sources of information were analyzed and examined. Firstly, men’s reaction to women liberation movements was quite negative and derisive. Conservative men did everything in order to attack and destroy feminist ideas and writings. Early works against feminism were based on arguments that man and women are biologically different and have different needs. Man must be ...

Introduction

Youths living in North America and other areas of the world that are considered relatively liberated grow up with considerably more gender equality now more than in the past. This is seen through many aspects in the society like opportunities for education, status of the women in the society and the socialization of gender roles. These youths take up courses in institutions of higher learning that were predominantly thought to be a preserve of the men. This is because the society has evolved to perceive women as an equal gender, and one deservedly worthy of equal opportunities as the male ...

Introduction

The women’s movement or feminist movement is a series of campaigns whose aim is reforms on various issues like domestic violence, reproductive rights, equal pay, sexual harassment, sexual violence, and women’s suffrage, all of which fall under feminism label. The priorities of these movements vary among communities and nations and actually range from the opposition to FGM in one nation or to glass ceiling in the other. These movements began in western world in 19th century and have gone through the first wave feminism, second wave feminism, and third wave feminism.

During 1950s and 1960s, there was an ...

Introduction

This research plan originated from a course focusing on research design proposals in political science. This proposal will summarize the existing information and find room for discovery and additional development of the dialogue surrounding women’s rights worldwide, specifically using Saudi Arabia as a focal lens. It will focus on the effect of the American media’s influence on Saudi Arabian people, and their consequent disposition towards gender equality. It draws upon data collected from numerous publications reporting on perception of America media and any changes that Saudis may have in opinion regarding women’s contributions and place in society. ...

Introduction

History pages allow knowing a person from the past. However, there are different ways in which historians treat a subject from the past or a person who influenced the past, present or has the ability to influence the future. Such a person was Betty Friedan and this essay explores how she was perceived by two historians, respectively Daniel Horowitz and Stephanie Coontz, analyzing their account of her personal and activist life.

Body

First, there will be analyzed the work of Daniel Horowitz (“Rethinking Betty Friedan and The Feminine Mystique: Labor Union, Radicalism and Feminism in Cold War America”, published in 1996 in American Quarterly, ...

“Personal is Political” is an oft heard cry during the 1960s and 1970s. The real meaning behind this phrase has always been identifying the grim situation of women and that the consciousness-raising groups that they formed were not for any group therapy, but so that they could make a positive contribution towards society by solving the problems that a woman faced. Such endeavors would enable them to make the society realize that women have a position in the political system. Many writers and thinkers have expressed themselves at length on this topic. One such writer is Robin Morgan, who edited the ...

Hart’s theory of program planning refers to a theory that examines the applicability and history of consciousness raising in programming. It outlines the fundamental principles of creating programs pertinent to consciousness raising. It is based on the actual emancipator action, entire social hold of power and actual practice of power at individual level. Consciousness raising is introduced as a theory that deals with both external and internal effects of power. Being both transformative and emancipatory mode of learning, it focuses on the idea of perspective change through self and critical reflection. The approach was strongly upheld by the feminist movement ( ...

Pop culture has a tendency to glorify certain aspects of femininity, while constraining women into certain prescribed roles. Women who do not fit into these roles are shamed by the media; for instance, women who do not fit the prescribed role of beautiful and thin are often backhandedly complemented by the media. Women who work in media-- whether they are actresses, models, singers, or journalists are constrained by very real gender roles that are slow to change. If, for example, a woman does not behave in a manner that the media deems appropriate, she is often spoken about in negative terms by ...

Introduction

Critique and revision are concepts which are employed to critically examine text, speech or ideas presented by other people. These concepts have been employed widely in the areas of activism and education. In the feminist movements, for example, various women critiqued men and patriarchy. They also critiqued and revised other feminist thinkers in their effort to make their movement more effective. Patriarchy is the general societal structure where men have exceedingly more power than women in social and financial terms. During the birth of the feminist movement, many women arose against patriarchy and its ills. One of the ways ...

Nancy F. Cott. The Bonds of Womenhood: "Woman's Sphere" in New England 1780 1835.

The purpose of the book, The Bonds of Womenhood: "Woman's Sphere" in New England 1780 1835, written by Nancy F. Cott was to demonstrate that women from a century ago were breaking out of their traditional sphere of working in the home and shaping new roles for themselves in the community. During the process they also learned how to strengthen “the bonds of womanhood” with other women (Cott, 204). Cott (160) calls this new feeling sisterhood. New England middle class women were very smart about ...

Introduction

Feminism has come a long way. From struggling for an equal right to suffrage, women have gain solid grounds in their struggle for further equality in social, political and occupational aspects. In 1920’s, the feminist movement is not as successful as it is today yet surprisingly, Crystal Eastman’s essay ‘"Now We Can Begin": What's Next?’ is quite a revelation on how the contemporary society will view women in general. Eastman was able to successfully outline how the feminist cause would turn out in such crisp details. Despite the infancy of feminism during her time, Eastman’s clear goals ...

Donald Barthelme was born in the year1931. So the Barthelme was born nearly a little less than a century later than the time the term feminism was coined. But he died in 1989, a time when the concept Feminism had taken root and was an established movement which has thousands of supporters from both genders.

Work

On the surface his writings were filled with bizarre incidents but there was always an underlying theme or idea that would try to explore the boundaries of the world as people knew it, in that time and age. Barthelme's world has a framework that revolves around a disturbing level ...

Political correctness is a growing concern in today’s tender climate, so much so that it seems individuals cannot speak their mind or take a stance on anything for fear of being dubbed too radical or too lackadaisical about an issue. Equality between genders is not immune to this problem, but also a hot-button issue for political correctness. The word “feminist” is a trigger for some, a warning that allows people to understand you are either an enemy, or a friend. It is unfortunate that there is such a divide based on a simple word because feminism’s true goal is only to bring equality among the ...

[Professor]

Iran and Turkey are predominantly Islamic countries. Women since time immemorial share the same sentiments of male domination and severe violence and non-participation. On the other hand, both countries have women’s movements that are still in place up to this day. Both of the movements have ebbs and flows but they were able to withstand the wrath of patriarchy, and most importantly, they were able to fight back. From being marginalized and subjected to state fascism, women in Iran and Turkey are now enjoying some of the fruits of the long-running women’s movements. Their dreams of ...

Abstract

The Great War and the American civil war have had immense effects on the historical, political, social, and cultural context. The outcomes and the processes of the war have greatly influenced the development of the humanity discipline. These ideologies have then been spread over the world to other nations thereby stamping America as the most dominant nation in the world. Furthermore, there have been greater interdisciplinary relationships in humanity and new ideas have been developed. These ideas have gone a step further to enhance the streamlining of governance and social structures by incorporating people from diverse backgrounds.

Wars throughout history ...

In the United States groups formed for the sole purpose of advocating lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transsexual(LGBT) rights did not come into being until after WWII. These groups were created to bring homosexuals in a show of support to one another and also to educate the legal authorities and legislators. The first organization created for gay men was known as the Mattachine Society and it was founded in 1950, followed shortly thereafter by the organization known as the daughters of Bilitis. This was a society created as a support system for lesbian women in America. These organizations attempted to secure social ...

Following the American Psychological Association’s Guidelines

Osonye Tess Onwueme’s “Tell It to Women” acts as a time capsule, taking the reader back in time to postcolonial Africa and a time or erratic feminist behavior. The book’s primary purpose appears to show the separation between traditionalism and modernism, as different cultures interacted and blended. However, this is not entirely clear until the end, when a concise meaning for culture is given. Tess Onwueme believed culture was derived from the passion that ignited the very culture’s desire to stay together, it appears. The familiarity of their arts, traditions, customs, and manners were all a part of the culture. ...

Feminism in Mahfouz's Palace Walk, Nadine Gordimer's None to Accompany Me and J.M. Cotzee's Disgrace

Abstract

Naguib Mahfouz, J. M. Coetzee and Nadine Gordimer are three African Nobel laureates who depicted feminism by showing their central women characters transgress tradition. If Amina, the protagonist of Palace Walk, transgressed tradition by going out on her own to the mosque for prayer, Lucy fought tradition by claiming her right not to take a part in the system of oppression and enters into an impossible relationship of her time by marrying a black man. Vera plays the role reversal by being the party who betrays ...

“The belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunitiesorganized activity in support of women’s right and activities.” This is most basic, modern definition of feminism as defined by Merriam and Webster. The idea of feminism has been transformed over the course of the past several decades, altered by political motives, cultural differences, class segregations, and other civil rights movements. The core of the definition remains constant however, that there exists discrimination which is gender based. This also implies that the basic ideals of feminism should be of significant importance to all democratic thinkers and that ...

Introduction

Bell Hooks is a pseudonym used by Gloria Jean Watkins - born in 1952 in Kentucky, USA. Hooks is an English Professor at City College New York. Aside from teaching, Hooks has engaged herself in feminist courses and in the fight for social rights. Although her writings spun a plethora of topics, her most notable are teaching, race, gender and capitalism wherein she seeks to relate these topics and never treating any as stand-alone one. “Talking Back: Thinking Feminist, Thinking Black” is a collection of essays by Hooks that address the issue of being a black feminist in America. Hooks starts from ...

Caribbean women have performed a unique role inside politics, history and economy of the region for decades. The Caribbean women have been an integral part of nearly every political try out and encounter, such as slavery, independence, and colonialism, specifically in the English-speaking Caribbean. Recently, Caribbean women’s activism has shifted from the restricted regions of traditional women’s agencies, for instance, social gatherings and religious groups to a lot more effective areas of the politics, labor movement and employment. Throughout history, women within the Caribbean have taken part in massive scale organization and mobilization within the political organizations and labor ...

Planet of the Apes (1968): A Parody of Its Time The film, Planet of the Apes was released in early 1968, based on the novel of the same title by a French author, Pierre Boulle. Michael Wilson and Rod Serling (who also wrote for Twilight Zone) wrote the film’s screenplay and Franklin J. Schaffner directed it. The film was regarded as notable for its makeup, as these effectively and believably made ape characters from the human actors. It was commercially successful and earned millions of dollars in its lifetime. Planet of the Apes was a creative discourse ...

‘My fight for a new Taiwan’ is a chronicle by Lu Hsiu-lien on the fight for the human rights, democracy, and equality for the people of Taiwan. A dictatorial government ruled Taiwan for many years. The people were denied their democratic rights and gender inequality was highly practiced in the country. The dictatorial government operating under nationalist party did not allow the Taiwan people to express their grievances. Denial for public expression meant that the regime was not democratic. The government deceived people that Taiwan was a free nation through spread of propaganda in order to keep the citizens calm. This form ...

“Cat in the Rain” by Ernest Hemingway

The title of the story “Cat in the Rain” by Ernest Hemingway carries an inner meaning besides its literal meaning of cat in the rain. Hemingway uses iceberg theory to fix a title for his story. The title has a meaning outwardly and has a deep meaning behind it. Even though, the story says the incident when a cat caught in the rain, the protagonist of the story indirectly refers to the title by confronting the element of confinement that resembles the cat. Thus, the title signifies nothing but the American Woman. “Cat in the Rain has two points of view: full omniscient ...

Throughout history, women around the globe have been struggling to gain rights that are equal to men in the society. Women have been struggling to obtain respect, equality, and the same rights men have in the society. However, this has been difficult for them because of patriarchy, an ideology whereby, men are always considered to be superior to women, and have the right to control women. This thought has spread widely among the social structures of the society around the globe and this made it difficult for women to achieve their dreams of feminism. Nonetheless, through the feminist movements, ...

The book is a firsthand account and detail of the events that took place in the life of author herself. It stretches back to the days when she was faced with the issue of containment in Toronto Interval house. She along with her mother had to live there. The story gives an account of the events that unfolded in the mid 1970s, exactly in 1974. The overall dismal outlook of the social institutions and the lack of awareness and attention being given to the women’s problems that are faced by them, along with the various other associated disturbances have ...

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Groups of people have merged over the years and in turn formed societies in which they interact and live together. In said societies, the implementation of principles is ideal to ensure cohesion among the people and the peaceful existence in given areas. While it is possible to generate said principles within a given jurisdiction, outside forces can influence the societal functions and beliefs from the family unit to the highest level that in this case is the state. One such set of ideologies that can affect the functions of a given ...

Introduction:

Mary Conde’s book ‘I, Tituba, Black Witch of Salem’ uses the Salem Witchcraft Trials as a background for the political implications of a post slavery scenario where the political implications are great. There are also some ironies which can be observed since the Puritans who ended up as abolitionists entertained the worst excesses as regards cleansing and purifying the nation of witches and Conde plays on that notion with subtle irony. The sense of catastrophe is also imminently felt especially in the analogous dynamics of the novel. Tituba is imbued with fantastic and wild notions of witchcraft which also impart ...

Introduction

Across the world women has been denied equal rights, hence increasing their vulnerability to various types of violence. Even though domestic violence is global problem, there have been no formulate law or provisions that penalizes those who facilitates domestic violence. The problem regarding this issue is that domestic violence is normally reflected as a private issue that should be solved outdoor the state’s jurisdiction. Battered women are generally mistreated and ordered to return home if they attempt to file their grievance with the authority. Although there are established few shelters that aims to accommodate those women that fear their ...

Third Wave Of Feminism

Sometime in the early 1990s, a movement called Riot grrrl emerged from Washington, DC. It aimed to give women a voice, one that that can use with artistic expression. Just a year later, in response to the Anita Hill and Clarence Thomas controversy, Rebecca Walker published the article “Becoming The Third Wave” in Ms. Magazine. She spoke about how women were being limited by men in terms of power (Walker, 1992). The case was very significant for the movement because it showed how Thomas’ position in the Senate played a role in how the case went. In her piece, she wrote how she ...

The societal inequalities and discriminatory practices have haunted the women folk of the society from the ancient times of history. In the wake of globalization and blurring of geographical gulfs, the patriarchal norms and practices have taken a more complex turn and have come up to threaten the position of women more vehemently with all the discriminatory devices in its arsenal. In the article titled, ‘Interactive and Intersectional Analytics of Globalization’ by Peterson, one comes across the discriminatory practices which are in vogue in the economic domain of the globalized world. The hegemonic transcendence of the masculine over the ...

Introduction

Addressing the objective of this academic investigation engages in dialogue how the writings of Norma Alarcon, Kimberle' Crenshaw, Judith Butler, and Roderick Ferguson align with the rearticulation of the theory of intersectionality criticizing the liberal notion of identity and subjectivity of women social and political issues. The ensuing academic goal also includes examining how these authors' seeming discrepant situations actually allow delineation of their shared point of conjecture, critical dialogues, and challenges of women in the 21st century.

The Unified Issue of the Authors

Review of Alarcon, Crenshaw, Butler, and Ferguson dialogue on American feminism expansion including global feminism reveals the one unified issue expressed ...

The 20-year run of the popular television show "Gunsmoke" first presented as a radio show in the 1950s first aired in September on CBS of 1955 running until the same month in 1975 and remains the longest-running dramatic TV series to date (TVland.com 2013) provided some of the most memorable characters in the early years of television. Among this much-loved adult Western are the top male and female characters - Marshal Matt Dillon and Saloonkeeper Miss Kitty. Oddly enough, for the era this show ran, both the Marshal and Miss Kitty proved strong characters with outer wrappings of gender-stereotyped behavior in ...

Science Fiction

Introduction Fantasy as well as science fiction answers this question –What if? Science fiction often takes our understanding when it comes to how our universe works and even imagines technologies and ideas that people have not witnessed yet, but could still fit within our understanding. The fiction, which expands on what people know about science, is working on known principles. There are many roots of science fiction and fantasy as a genre that can be explained through the course of this study. In this research, we also argue that there are major creators of science fiction and fantasy ...

Lesson 4. (1)

Throughout history, women are regarded as inferior to the men both intellectually and physically. Before the feminist response began in the 19th century, women are subjected to the rules of society dominated by masculine figures. Women are not allowed to have a property in their own name, to be educated, to engage in business and to take part in any major social issues. There are certain events in history as well as behavior types that galvanized feminist response to call for equality. It was apparent that the old society view women from a sexist perspective that negates women’s capacity to ...

Introduction

Even few decades ago alcohol was mainly a man's issue, but such is not the case now. In the US about 15.1 million people are alcohol dependent with 4.6 million or about 1/3rd out of them being women. In the USA women alcoholism mainly came into picture after the women received their emancipation following the feminist movement which caused a revolutionary change in the society with more and more women going out to work abreast with men and attending colleges. The National Institute on Alcohol and Alcoholism reports that about 5.3 million American women consume alcoholic beverages in a manner that “threatens ...

Introduction to Cinema

Anneke Smelik has regarded that cinema can be considered as a cultural practice wherein there are mythologies regarding women and the female gender; as well as men and male gender, which depicted legends concerning sexual differences that have been created, fabricated and epitomized (Smelik, 1998, p. 7). Smelik has identified the sexual differences as major obstacles that have been defied by women’s rights movements. As a result, several female directors have emerged to create a better understanding on how films and movies strengthens the folklores on sexual difference, and how it was magnified by some film theorists who symbolized women as ...

Introduction

Every minute there are 24 people raped, physically abused, or being stalked by an intimate partner in the US. This 2011 statistics released by the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention is a clear indication of how widespread and real domestic violence is. Also known as domestic abuse, intimate partner abuse, and intimate partner violence, this issue affects women, teenage boys, teenage girls, and even men (medicinenet.com). It takes place when one of the partners imposes one or various ways to control the other. The means of control can be physical, emotional, sexual, or economic. Domestic violence is as ...

ABSTRACT

Gender is not genetically or biologically inherited and there is therefore no ‘natural’ division in gender relation between men who will always be dominant while women are confined to the domestic sphere. Gender relations have been socially and politically constructed over time, and among present-day sociologists are generally considered a social institution. As an institution, it is also related to other institutions such as the family, the economy and the state, as well as to race, region and social class. It is not a fixed and unchanging institution, however, just as masculinity and femininity are not monolithic, but one that has ...

- Abstract The overlapped and correlated existence of Feminism and Antifeminism dates back to the nineteenth century; here, industrialization began to shift the familial and gender roles, their dynamics and gave way both to the fight of women for their freedom and the struggle of society to keep the status quo untouched. This duality lasted all the way through the 20th century until nowadays, keeping the same aims on both sides: feminists seeking equality of opportunities, sexual, marital and financial freedom; and antifeminists seeking the maintenance of a patriarchal family and society, where men had the active role ...

The religious impulse is one of the most deeply seated within all of us. Because it involves the totality of our response to the events of our lives, it begins with our emotional responses to events when we are too young to have the ability to process those events on a more rational level. Often, it is the effects of these events that shape the way that we deal with others our whole lives. When one is in an ethnic group that is the object of discrimination, religion can become an important part of one’s life, as the suffering ...

A Historical and contemporary role of the print media industry

Print media and The Feminist Movement

The relationship between mass media and feminism has been both positive and negative. At the beginning of the first wave of feminist movement in the early part of the 19th, women were stepped in a patriarchal society that controlled all key social positions including exiting media. From the early clamor for voting rights to the ongoing process of reexamination of the role of women is society, the media has played a pivotal role in advancing the feminist course.

Betty Freidan published the first notable book on feminism in 1963. The book titled The Feminine Mystique ...