Jean Piaget Research Papers Samples For Students

Cognitive development is the growth and materialization of the ability of a child to be actively involved in thinking and reason independently. It also involves the emergence of the child’s ability to comprehend the events in the surrounding environment (John, 2008). It focuses on the ability to process information, learn a new language, problem solving ability, the process of mental development and the perception the child has towards the world. The study of the process of cognitive thinking has a myriad of applications in the engineering of education systems. Appreciating how a child’s brain works helps curriculum engineers to determine the ...

Introduction

Every child’s development process is unique and complex. Even though children normally develop through predictable levels and milestones, they may at times not proceed through these steps at the same pace. Usually, a child’s development process is largely influenced by his or her environmental factors and the experiences that they gather from it. Understanding the child development is vital because it allows us to appreciate the emotional, social, physical, cognitive and educational progress of the child at a particular level of their growth into adulthood. Various theories attempt to describe every aspect of child development and largely focuses on ...

Abstract

It was Jean Piaget who first suggested that children learn by schema, or “a cohesive, repeatable action sequence possessing component actions that are tightly interconnected and governed by a core meaning' (Piaget.org, 2014). All human learning, according to Piaget, can be defined by these intellectual building blocks, or schema. Tantrums are behaviors that are learned by children, and as a result have to be governed by schema if Piaget’s theory on learning can be considered correct. The development of intentional or goal-setting behavior is correlated with the development of tantrum behavior in toddlers.
- Purpose
All children have “phases” ...

Introduction

Cognitive theory can be described as a multifaceted and complex proposition. According to this theory, human development is the result of an interlinking connection with their rearing background, environment, and individual thoughts and experiences. Jean Piaget is renowned as a great psychological theorist who propounded a well-accepted cognitive development theory.

Piaget’s Cognitive Theory of Development - Stages

Piaget proposed that there are four factors that play a major role in a child’s cognitive development. These four factors are maturation of DNA (genetic material), knowledge and awareness of the physical environment, recognition of the social atmosphere, and equilibration. Piaget’s cognitive theory also talks about four stages during which a child develops ...

Introduction

Apart from the disagreements that exist between psychologists as regards to the nature that intelligence takes, psychologists always debate on various aspects that influence the intelligence of a person. As such, this debate always takes one direction in coming up with the arguments. The psychologists always argue on which aspect between the ‘nature’ and ‘nurture’ has a bigger impact on a person’s intelligence. Although the psychologists agree that all the two aspects above contribute to the intelligence of an individual, they always differ when they try to discuss on how much these aspects contribute. This is a field that the psychologists and ...

<Name>
<Subject>
<Professor>

Introduction

The study of child development concerns several elements that enable a child to become less dependent on his parents and guardians as time progresses. Experts consider the process of growing up first in holding various discussions on child development. Several theories on child development attempt to explain several possible factors that influence a child to advance towards full autonomy. Without disputing one another, child development theories help provide insights to experts on explaining certain issues related to the development of a child, including elucidations on developmental shortcomings that carry on towards adulthood.
This ...

Referring to Pellegrini and Hou (2011) Joshua and Joey are exhibiting normal play behavior. This is mainly because the article supports with evidence that children often use objects when playing. This according to the authors is referred to as noninstrumental play whereby children pretend with objects during play. In addition to this noninstrumental play will involve children using exaggerated sounds or movements while playing games. Both Joey and Joshua exhibit noninstrumental play since they use square blocks and pipe cleaners as bombs to kill the ‘Zombies’ They also use cones as guns and cannons. Citing Pellegrini and Hou (2011) ...

Introduction

The ways in which children develop cognitively have fascinated philosophers, researchers and theorists for centuries. However, in the twentieth century, several different schools of thought arose, each of which attempted to categorize the various phases of cognitive development between infancy and adolescence. Piaget, in his early observations, asserted that children, even at a very early age, were capable of creating their own ideas. Instead of merely receiving and assimilating information from adult figures, they could take the stimuli they received and build unique structures of knowledge. His work ended up as the foundation of the modern constructionist theories in education. ...

When asked to draw the water level in a glass tipped at a 45-degree angle, young children typically draw the water level as parallel to the top and bottom of the glass, rather than parallel to the true horizontal. What are the possible implications?

Children often transfer the experiences they have to their production when drawing or representing items. For the most part, when a child looks at a glass, the level of the liquid is parallel to the top and bottom of the glass, and so that memory is what children will use when drawing that glass, even if asked to draw ...

Background information on Piaget

Piaget was a renowned scholar in the field of psychology, especially in the area of development among the children. His work and ideas on cognitive development has exhibited significant impacts in the fields of child psychology, education and in a wide array of different fields. (Mussen, 1983).

Born in 1896, the Swiss Biologist cum botanist developed an interest with nature at the tender age of seven. His interests and thereafter achievements in psychology and botany were inspired by his mother who was said to be energetic and intelligent and somewhat overanxious. At age ten, he was already putting his efforts into ...

Introduction

Jean Piaget is one of the greatest psychologists to have ever lived. His thinking has influenced many areas of the study of the human mind, from development, to education and even psychopathology. Through a study of his general theory, many parameters of his thinking will be examined. Then, there will be a brief discussion of his cognitive development stages, which is the contribution he is most known for. Finally, some criticisms to his theory will be addressed, and some possible answers from within Piaget’s theory.

General Theory

According to Carey, Zaitchik and Bascandziev (2015), there are two main components of ...

Introduction

Understanding your child is one of the most important things that one should learn as a parent. It is extremely important in becoming effective in the nurturing of the child while growing up. With time, parents understand that every child has a unique trait that stays with them throughout the life. Study of these traits of the children, right from prenatal development through the adolescence is called child psychology. It deals with not just the physical growth of the children, but also their mental, social and emotional development. Over the recent times, child psychology has developed scientifically to encompass “cognitive development, ...

Cognitive theories are trying to explain why the brain is the main incredible network within the body in information interpretation and processing learning (Fletcher & Fincham, 2013). Cognitive theories are divided into two major categories: the cognitive behavioral theory and the social cognitive theory (Fletcher & Fincham, 2013). The social cognitive theory considers three variables which include environmental factors (extrinsic), behavioral factors and personal factors (intrinsic). On the other hand, the cognitive behavioral theory is describing the role of the knowing in an attempt to predict and determine the behavioral pattern of a person.
Jean Piaget looked at his work as ...

Introduction

With interest in the field of child development emerging in the early twentieth century, many theories have been formed in an effort to understand the physical, educational, social, emotional, and cognitive growth that children undergo from birth into early adulthood (Cherry, 2013). In particular, developmental theories are organized systems of “principles and explanations of certain aspects of child development” (Swim, 2008).
In this regard, this paper discuses three of the major developmental theories, namely the behavioral theory, the cognitive theory, and the sociocultural theory.

Summaries of three Major Developmental Theories

Behavioral Theory
The behavioral theory focuses on the behavior of people, which can ...

Introduction

Proper presentation of data collected during a study is imperative to the credibility of a research. In fact, lack thereof compromises the interpretation embraced by the people relying on such information due to the possibilities of miscommunication in the presentation process. As such, researchers ought to follow a compelling approach whilst communicating the results of their study regardless of the research design followed. With this in mind, it is worth acknowledging the fact that there are multiple research approaches followed in the delivery of psychological research information. According to the Emergency Medicine Journal, the popular research designs include observational ...

Moral development over an individual’s lifespan remains a major topic of interest for psychologists. There are many theories that have been developed over time but one of the most well-known was developed by Lawrence Kohlberg. Kohlberg expanded the work of Jean Piaget and modified it to explain moral reasoning and how it develops. While Piaget described a process of moral development that occurred in only two stages, Kohlberg’s theory grew to include six stages within three different levels. Kohlberg proposed three these six stages and three levels that moral reasoning was a process that continued through an individual’s life.
...

Introduction

Institutionalized care is often perceived as care outside the home. In developing as well as developed societies it could be formal or informal depending on the desires of parents along with prevailing psychosocial factors. It was my privilege to observe Institutionalized care at a renowned Infant Day Care are Center in my community. This facility housed 20-40 babies ranging from ages of three weeks to twelve months.
The rooms were distinctly organized by grouping infants according to their ages. There were two classrooms. The first classroom accommodated infants from zero to six months and the other from six months ...

Discussion 1:

Can violence risk be assessed in the same manner for male perpetrators vs. female perpetrators of domestic violence? Can similar assessment instruments be used for male perpetrators and female perpetrators of domestic violence? Do you think that treatment approaches should be the same or different for male perpetrators vs. female perpetrators of domestic violence?

Violence risk assessment should be different between men and women for the obvious reason that men and women have different motivations and capability in committing violence. According to statistics, men are more aggressive and violent than women as evidenced by data ...

Introduction

In some ways, we all develop in almost the same ways, yet in other ways, we all seem to develop rather uniquely. We all have a lifespan during which a pattern of changes occurs from birth until death. In the field of study known as lifespan development, these patterns of development that takes place during the whole lifespan of a human being are examined. Human development is what lifespan development emphasizes on. Most life development studies emphasize on comprehending how principles of development vary around the world, and how the process of development is influenced by cultural, ethnic, and racial factors. Moreover, ...

Piaget’s theory tries to explain the development process in human beings and how the environment humans are exposed to during early childhood development affects human intelligence. However, his work is motivated and pioneered by a Swiss psychologist who came up with the theory. The theory tries to explain how the early childhood experiences and environment plays a virtue role in the development of human intelligence. In this theory, there is an emphasis on the role childhood experiences play in enhancing reasoning, good memory and perception. The theory was later known as the developmental stage due to the emphasis that it ...

The topic of this paper is parent/child relationship. A positive parent child relationship is an essence of child’s psychological, emotional and social development. Parent/child relationship is defined as the combination of feelings, behaviors and emotions that are particular to certain parent and their children. Three types of problems are faced by the children due to conflicting parent child relationship; social adjustment problems, problems in adopting discipline and problems in educational settings. Studies has been quoted which show that the children personality is directly affected by the behavior and attitudes of the parents .This paper shall focus on the ...

I have always wanted to attain a higher position in the field of education since my college days. Now I am at the verge of completing my PhD program and after that I will start trying to get a job. My natural and favorite choice in this regard is a post of campus president. I like this job and the responsibilities of campus president. A campus president is selected by university board of governors and in consultation with the chancellor of university. He advises the chancellor about the policies and plans related to the campus. He is initially selected for a term of ...

Introduction

In the recent times, people have been exposed to the media than ever before. Most of our homes comprise of TV sets, internet connections, and newspapers amongst others. The internet, for instance, is perceived as a tool that makes life easier by providing essential information. Obviously, excessive exposure to violent media has detrimental effects on the behaviors of the child (Escobar-Chaves, Liliana, and Craig A, 2008). All-encompassing research has revealed that media violence develops aggressive behavior to children. Therefore, stakeholders must ensure they promote a safer media environment for the children during developing through media literacy. Throughout this paper ...

An Assignment Submitted by

Abstract
Every speech is embellished by metaphoric expression, despite its context, content, and tone. In different fields the application of metaphors may vary, yet still they are applied regardless the situation consciously or unconsciously. In the speech of adults, metaphoric expressions play pivotal role serving as the instruments of persuasion, simplification, and demonstration. There is less evidence that explain the utilization of metaphors by children. Some scholars insist that children use metaphoric expressions unconsciously, while the other researchers imply that they implement the metaphors due to their symbolic perception of the environment. There is certain inconsistency in the results ...

Abstract

Gender stereotypes in children is a common phenomenon that is instigated by the environmental conditions, especially social institutions such as schools, family, and religious institutions. The family is the basic socialization agent. However, all these social institutions categorize children into gender-based categories. Nevertheless, despite the widespread use of such initiatives to categorize individuals on gender basis, there has been little research to establish the causes of gender stereotypes in children.
This research study hypothesized that, based on the cognitive development and environmental learning theory, environmental and cognitive factors interact to determine the gender stereotype and gender roles in children. ...

Physical body effects occurring during the aging process

The skin is one of the peripheral body organs that clearly indicate changes in the aging process. It is evident by the continual loss of skin elasticity in adults. In the process, wrinkles are formed alongside the pigmentation related to senescence. Collagen and elastin are protein fibers whose presence makes the skin consume slack and stay adherent tightly onto the underlying skin structures (Abdulraheem, 2014).
Changes in the eyesight are prominently evident in the elderly, especially those above their 50s for whom their decline in visual acuity seems to be accelerating. The reason most elderly people above 50s use ...

Lawrence Kohlberg is one of the most influential child development psychologists of the 20th century. He was born in 1927 in Bronxville, New York and was raised by his wealthy family there. In his theory of moral development Kohlberg argued that children do not necessarily internalize the values and morals of their parents or other adults, but construct their own particular values through maneuvering situations of moral conflict. This paper explores both the life of Kohlberg and his theory. It further examines the criticism level against Kohlberg’s theory of moral development.
At the end of World War ...

Introduction

Raising a child could be a big task for many families in the modern environment and society. This is because it entails various conditions and situation that are sometimes difficult to abide by. Many households find their children going astray as they engage in undesired activities simply because of lack of proper mentorship by their parents. Furthermore, today’s parenting styles face severe challenges compared to those of our forefathers and past generation. Day by day, toughest dilemmas arise. This is due to the pace at which the modern environment evolves, characterized by new, difficult situations contrary to the children’s ...

Introduction

Visualizing hand as a flying plane, making swooshing sounds like a train, and building mud houses, are some of the examples commonly seen while children play. Play is therefore very important as it greatly contributes to the overall development of a child. Various forms of play such as fantasizing, role-playing, and rough and tumble are seen to benefit the development of a child. Play is another name of experience whereby which children see the world from another angle and continues to see the world through the views of others. Play increases growth and development of brain by establishing neural connections making individuals more ...

Life span development is a window into the nature of human development from conception to death. The life span perspective involves seven basic contentions: development is lifelong, covers the various life aspects , multidirectional, plastic, historically embedded, multidisciplinary, and contextual (Papaya, 1981)

Development is lifelong. Development includes changes that take place from conception to death.

Development covers various aspects of life. Development consists of biological,cognitive, and social dimensions.

Development is plastic. Depending on the individuals life conditions, development may take many paths.

Development is embedded in history. People's life paths are influenced by the happenings of that particular time.

The human development ...

Toys and games are a major contribution in the development of children. Many popular varieties of toys and games provide children with an impetus during their free time. This is in tandem with the belief of Piaget and Vigotsky who attest that play can improve a child’s behavior as well as an aid in developing sophistication about relationships.
Haugen (2008) says that children play games as a form of leisure activity to enable them relax their mind. This provides them with an important learning experience that is important in their development. Toys and games enable social interaction when children play ...

In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the complexity in which organizations operate, including an expansion to global environments that intrinsically establish moral challenges for the members of their organizations (George, 2007; Donaldson, 2003). There are several reasons for this complexity, as the actions of individuals are receiving more scrutiny, there are more widespread requests for transparency, there is a greater need for organizations to operate across legal and governmental systems that are in competition, as well as to operate across divergent cultures that often use different sets of morals and values.
Concomitant to this increase in ...

- Introduction
I plan to teach students of grade three about ways and methods they can use to take care of their teeth. Teeth are a vital organ of the body. Healthy teeth are prerequisite for a healthy body. Defective teeth result in malnutrition of the body. Shiny and perfect denture reflects healthy soul residing in a healthy body. The students will be taught the correct method of brushing and flossing of the teeth. The students will be enabled to understand the importance of having healthy dentures.
Reason of choosing grade 3- Grade 3 child belongs to age group of ...

Introduction

Most video games are narrated in English and require at least basic English ability. In most games, regardless of genre, the four major language domains are included: reading, writing, speaking, and listening. With the emergence of online gaming, people from all around the world have the opportunity to communicate and strategize while being truly engaged in their task. While most of these tasks are purely for entertainment, there is often learning taking place at an efficient and enjoyable level. While developing a framework for engagement theory, Kearsley & Schneiderman (1999) suggested that:
Students must be meaningfully engaged in learning activities ...

Abstract

In the study of social, moral and emotional development process in children, I carried out a research on four children selected from different age groups; a pre-school, elementary, middle school and high school. I did this to ensure all the stages of child development were studied, laying emphasis on one gender in a bid to give a clear depiction of the developmental changes that occur as the child grows older. On completion, I compiled and did an analysis of the answers in respect to characteristics and milestones displayed at each stage thus making a conclusion on the developmental process in my study.

INTRODUCTION

ANNA: A ...

Piaget's Sensorimotor and Preoperational Stages

Sensorimotor stage
Reflexes
In this sub stage, the child learns and gains experience through inborn reflexes (sucking, grasping).

Primary circular reactions

6 weeks to 4 months
This stage is characterized by building new schemas. Actions that are pleasurable are circular, they are repeating. Reflexes are refined and used to build complex actions (thumb sucking, putting hands in mouth, opening and closing hands).

Secondary circular reactions

4-8 months
Actions are related to the outside world. Child begins to notice connections between own actions and effects they have on the outside world. They also begin to imitate sounds and movements ...

Psychosocial development is a lifelong process that takes place at each stage of an individual's life. A conflict at each stage of the development could adversely affect the potential development of the individual in later stages of life. Events like emotional turmoil that the acrimonious divorces of Steve and Marissa potentially has a damaging effect on the psychosocial development of their son Dennis.
According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, Dennis is currently in the Concrete operational stage of cognitive development. This stage occurs between the ages of seven and eleven years of age. The stage follows the pre-operational stage. ...

Abstract:
Children going through emotional disturbance undergo a lot of challenges. They are unable to learn, create and maintain normal relationships with their family and peers, depict weird behaviours especially in normal situations, and express moods of unhappiness all the time. They are always developing symptoms even when nothing seems to be wrong. These children show maladaptive behaviours such as aggression, immaturity, withdrawal, hyperactivity, and indifference towards things of interest to other children their age. This research is meant to come up with ways to assist these children so that they can overcome these behaviours and lead normal lives. ...