Essays on Psychosocial Development

Insecure Attachment and Identity Formation Issues

Abstract This paper will seek to examine the effect of forming insecure attachment in leading to unsuccessful identity achievement in human beings. This question is answered by examining the attachment theory and relating it to identity formation. It will also examine how these two issues affect healthy development in each stage of the life span based on Erickson’s psychosocial developmental stages. According to the attachment theory, attachment mainly determines different aspects of human relationships and interaction. This in turn, leads to social and emotional development issues in individuals during different life stages. Some of the problems identified included ...

Insecure Attachment and Identity Formation Issues

Abstract: This paper will seek to examine the effect of forming insecure attachment in leading to unsuccessful identity achievement in human beings. This question is answered by examining the attachment theory and relating it to identity formation. It will also examine how these two issues affect healthy development in each stage of the life span based on Erickson’s psychosocial developmental stages. According to the attachment theory, attachment mainly determines different aspects of human relationships and interaction. This in turn, leads to social and emotional development issues in individuals during different life stages. This research paper includes an in-depth ...

Psychologist Eric Erikson advanced a theory of psychosocial stages of development which has greatly influenced the course of modern psychology. Erickson contended that there are eight phases of life that a person goes through, with each phase resulting in some sort of conflict (McLeod, 2013). According to Erickson, the healthy adult must resolve the conflict, a resolution that ultimately allows passage into the next phase of psychosocial development (McLeod, 2013). With respect to Erikson’s theory, I am now in the midst of the so-called young adult stage (between the ages of 18 and 40), characterized by a conflict ...

Introduction

One of the dominant concepts in the field of psychology is how humans grow and develop throughout the course of their lifetime. Many theories have been put forward in order to explain the various stages that a human being experiences while growing up. One of the most popular among these theories is the one formulated by Erik Erikson, more commonly known as the psychosocial stages of human development as opposed to Freud’s psychosexual ones (Boeree, 2009). According to Erikson, there are stages that occur within one’s lifetime, and one progresses from one stage to another as the ...

1. Why professionals should understand brain development

The early stages of child development play a pivotal role in the development of the cognitive skills of a child, which depends entirely on the development of the brain. The role of the professionals is to ensure that the child has the best environment to ensure that the child remains healthy while enhancing the development of the proper cognitive elements of a child. By understanding the brain, the professionals are able to modify and institutionalize practices as well as teaching methods that enhance healthy development of a child especially in learning and adopting new things.

2. Ways in which my classroom enhances child development

a. By providing illustrations/diagrams e.g. in the form ...

Abstract.

Effective childhood learning is a combination of child efforts with those of the teachers and parents. A child’s development starts after learning how to interact. Language and communication is vital at this stage as it enables interaction and development of relationships. As a child grows, various stages with a variety of needs crop up. Several theories have been developed to explain the reasons behind these changes of needs. The development of a child, however, totally depends on the association with teachers, peers and parents who establish the style of learning and focus in life. This paper analyses these needs, their importance in ...

Biographical background

Edgar Allan Poe was born in Boston on January 19th 1809. Both of his parents were actors and this engagement required frequent traveling. Poe, his brother and sister lost both of their parents in the period between 1810 and 1811 and Poe was adopted by John and Frances Allan. Unlike his biological parents, they were wealthy and able to provide a comfortable life for young Poe. They took him to an educational journey to Scotland, Ireland and England where he attended school. They came back to the US and Poe went to university to study languages. This is the period ...

Introduction

Many people have largely ignored child development that often occurs from birth to when the child reaches adulthood. Many people in history viewed children as small adults and thus paid little attention to the many changes in children including cognitive abilities, learning and physical growth. People started being interested in the field of child development in the early 20th century after theorists began giving their views. It is important to understand child development in order to determine the cognitive, physical, social, emotional and educational growth that children go through from birth to mature adults. Child development theories provide an ...

Chapter One

Despite the fact that in 1996, Supreme Court Justice Scalia called single-sex education in public schools “functionally dead,” Single-sex education has become an increasingly popular model in schools since the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 was passed. This federal legislation promoted innovative programs for states to implement that included single-sex classrooms and schools (U.S. Department of Education, 2006). Within any educational setting there were many factors that impacted student achievement that related to boys’ and girls’ physical, social, emotional, and intellectual needs. A single-sex environment provided boys and girls with a setting that promoted specific gender related ...

Issues in Psychology: Hypothetical Case Study in Two-Stage Life Development

Abstract The psychological, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral crisis of traumatic interruptions during developmental periods in counseling and therapy, calls for the use of mental health support, assessments, and interventions. The present hypothetical case study seeks to direct (a) an explanation of two consecutive stages of mental development post-9/11 trauma for a male adolescent from 14 years of age to 28 years of age, (b) discuss overview of background of the case and situation, (c) scan the description, impact, and implication of client problem with inclusion of current state, (d) use of theories to compile the hypothetical case study from a perspective of a ...

Developmental psychology primarily focuses on childhood development since it is the period within which a lot of changes take place. This field focuses on the interplay of nature and nurture and their influence on individual development; with nature concerning matters of genetic inheritance and maturation whereas nurture focuses on the impact of our environment and experience. As mentioned earlier developmental psychology focuses on a number of areas including language development. Language refers to the expression of human communication through which knowledge, belief and behavior can be expressed using a system of symbols and rules. Language development begins quite early in life ...

The Role of Stereotypes, as Portrayed in the Mass Media and the Impact on Youth Behavior

The society plays a significant role in shaping and building attitudes and behaviors of individuals who form part of it. Individuals are bombarded with information and ideas from all corners of the universe that influence their way of thinking, and also play a domineering role in shaping attitudes, and beliefs. In the past, these influences came from sources such as family, community, and schools. On the contrary, today, the aforementioned institutional influence has declined as the society transforms into a more advanced technological and information age. The development of mass media in the society has caused an imperative change in individuals' lifestyle, ...

Application of Erikson’s Post-Freudian Theory

Application of Erikson’s Post-Freudian Theory

Introduction

Erik Erikson’s’ views make significant contributions to the field of psychology; this is particularly in the understanding of personality development and related factors. An understanding of his own study of personal development creates an understanding of development of his psychology (Fleming, 2004). Most of Erikson’s psychology work became evident in the post-Freudian era. It was between the 1930s and 1950s; being one of Freud’s students, most of his work exhibit the influence of Freudian views and theories; this was mainly in the field of personality development. However, dissimilar from Freud’ ...

Introduction

Psychology is a vast field. There are many laws, principles, and theories that govern the train of thoughts of psychologists and mental health professionals working in the field. Basically, psychology is a branch of science that is concerned with the academic and applied discipline of studying behaviors and mental functions of animals, which in this case, would be humans. Psychology is not only concerned with studying the behaviors and mental functions of an individual because it may also aim to study the behaviors and mental functions of a group or population. The objective of this paper is to discuss psychology in general, ...

The human development stages include psychosocial, systemic, psychodynamic, existential/gestalt and cognitive stages. Development occurs throughout a lifespan of a human being. Development of any human being begins at the earliest stage which is the prenatal stage and it goes on to after a child is born to adulthood. Psychosocial stage is best presented by Erik Erikson’s theory (Cherry, 2014). It best explains how personalities are acquired through a series of stages by describing how a person’s social experiences impact his/her lifespan. Ego identity development is one of the key elements of Erikson’s theory of psychosocial stage. This ego identity is ...

Abstract

The theories of psychosocial development stress that an individual’s personality is enhanced by social relationships he or she develops from birth to adulthood. These are explained by Erik Erickson’s eight stage theories that describe the conflicts and achievements that present the turning points in an individual’s life. From birth to old age, an individual establishes a sense of trust in others, develops one’s identity in society, and helps the next generation learn skills in preparation for the future. Erickson asserted that in all stages, an individual learns to grow and develop throughout adulthood in a fixed order ...

Human Development – Critical Essay

Human development covers the entire lifespan of an individual. It starts from birth and continues right up to death. This is a continuous and active process of learning. The basic or prominent element of human development is life itself. From birth, one realises the need for food and water, the need for nourishment. This is an instinct that we have in order to sustain life on the planet and to make sure that we exist. Everything in our life, during the entire course of it, revolves around this basic element. As we grow, we learn that there is more ...

- Introduction I plan to teach students of grade three about ways and methods they can use to take care of their teeth. Teeth are a vital organ of the body. Healthy teeth are prerequisite for a healthy body. Defective teeth result in malnutrition of the body. Shiny and perfect denture reflects healthy soul residing in a healthy body. The students will be taught the correct method of brushing and flossing of the teeth. The students will be enabled to understand the importance of having healthy dentures. Reason of choosing grade 3- Grade 3 child belongs to age group of ...

Connection to Play Experiences

Introduction In putting the different development theories on a table, it could be understood how one works, how one differs from the other, what brought to its existence and to whose theory can you relate your development most. With regards to my play experiences, I find I can relate to Erik Erikson and his theory called the “Theory of Psychosocial Development,” because it is the most accurate in explaining how my play experiences helped me develop into who I am today. David Shaffer gives a brief discussion of Erikson and this theory in his book, entitled, “Social and Personal Development,” ...

Ericson’s theory of psychosocial development

Erik Ericson has proposed the theory of psychosocial development which details the outcome of social experiences in the life of human beings. He further maintained that human beings underwent eight stages. According to him the fourth stage of psychosocial development has to do with middle childhood and when the child starts understanding the meaning of pride especially in their capabilities and achievements (An & Cooney, 2006). The current case study deals with Logan, a child in middle childhood having a terminally ill sister. The child is in constant conflict because he is not able to share his thoughts or even appreciated and ...

Psychology is a complex subject, often coinciding with constructs of sociology. Many psychologists have lent their theories to sociology in an effort to explain how units of people bind together and why people act the way they do. One unit in particular is a family, and the roles they fill are sometimes known as gender roles. Sigmund Freud has very precise views on gender roles, sexuality, and how it impacted the family unit. For example, Freud believed that women lived in constant envy of men. Erik Erikson also had theories on gender roles, beginning in childhood, involved role confusion. His theories ...

Introduction

Through the years, theorists use a variety of theories in attempts to explain human development socially, emotionally, physically and intellectually. Among the most used theories are those of psychosocial development; the main contributor is Erik Erikson. His theory on psychosocial development is one of the most influential personality theories; he focuses on the belief that a human being develops in stages. The occurrences at every stage develop the person’s psychosocial abilities; Erikson explores the influence of social experiences throughout a person’s lifespan (Cavanaugh & Blanchard-Fields, 2006). The development of ego identity is a significant element in Erikson’s stages; ego identity refers ...

During early adolescence, the family structure changes from a hierarchical to an egalitarian structure, which often results in an increase of conflicts between parents and adolescents. While moderate conflicts are expected at this stage, frequent conflicts can arise when the adolescents’ desire for greater autonomy in life is met by restrictive parenting practices and poor parent-teen relationships. Under those circumstances, adolescents are at a higher risk for recurring depressive symptoms, psychopathological disorders, and poor psychosocial adjustments in adolescents (Bouma, Ormel, Verhulst, & Oldehinkel, 2008). Even though both individual traits and family environments can determine the frequency of conflicts, introducing positive parenting strategies ...

Children become who they are as adults according to validating experiences they have in childhood. If they grow in an environment full of love and support, then they develop skills and competencies that will help them become well-balanced and functioning adults. However, if their upbringing is wrought with negativity and without the emotional and physical support needed to develop them into responsible children or adults, then the children turn out to be insecure individuals. Children develop a sense of pride in their accomplishments when they receive encouragement support for their initiatives, while they develop feelings of inferiority when they do ...

Comparing Z. Freud’s Conceptions and E. Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development <Student’s Name> <University>

Psychosocial development theory is the theory of psychosocial reeks of personality, created by Eric Erickson, in which he describes the eight stages of personality development and focuses on the development of the individual I am. The issue of personality psychosocial development is not only of scientific interest. Psychoanalysis seeks and finds the roots of the problems in the various stages of childhood and adolescence. It turns out that not only all of us from childhood, but our ...

There are several developmental theories in psychology which can be attributed in the growth and development of all persons. These developmental theories include Freud theory of psychosexual development, Erickson’s theory of psychosocial development, Piaget theory of cognitive development, Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, attachment theory, parenting styles amongst others. This paper is going to focus on these theories in relation to individual development. Reasons for the selection of specific theories will be outlined and their strengths and weaknesses also given. Human development is affected by various aspects on the course of the development of the person. ...

Chapter 1: Learning Objectives

- Define development, focusing on three elements of its scientific study. Development is the scientific study of people’s lifespan changes, that is, from conception (womb) to death (tomb). It focuses on the systematic changes that occur over time among all individuals, and which explain continuities and discontinuities in life. - List and describe the basic steps of the scientific method. - Posing of the problem is done based on prior research, theory or observation. - Formulating of a hypothesis refers to an educated prediction, which can be verified or tested. - Testing of the ...

Discuss the impact of chronic medical conditions on adolescents (12-18 years) and identify ways of promoting resilience or positive development.

Introduction Many adolescents live out their daily life suffering from a chronic illness. This can be both physical and mental. Chronic illness can become an emotional burden on an adolescent’s life, which can lead to negative impacts on an individual’s psychosocial and cognitive development before they reach early adulthood. An adolescent is a person from the age of 12-18 years old. Chronic illnesses within an individual between 12-18 years old can have negative impact on the psychosocial wellbeing. This paper will analyze the social, psychological, psychosocial, and cognitive growth influences of chronic illness in adolescents. Adolescents who ...

It is the desire of every parent to raise happy, healthy, and successful children of good character. Parents try to do everything in their power to achieve this. A child is born of parents from two different sexes. The parents are usually the pillar and symbol of success. It is presumed that both men and women have their own importance in the lives of their children. While the father may deal with paternally related issues, the mother may help in training the child in various aspects. Therefore, both parents are quite necessary in the life of a child. Both parents ...

Blair Waldorf is one of the main characters of the TV series Gossip Girl (Von, 2003). The show revolves around the life of teenagers and the typical issues of that age; love, sex, and conflict. Belonging to an elite family of New York, Blair is known as the Queen Bee of Manhattan's social scene. However, her actions are under the constant scrutiny of an anonymous blogger; Gossip Girl. This person continues to update New York’s youth via the digital world of technology. These posts did not only expose the scandalous life of the elites, but it was also ...

Developmental psychology is a branch in psychology which relates to the physical, social, emotional, psychological and cognitive changes throughout a person’s life span, from conception until death. Throughout the history of developmental psychology, there are several theories which have evolved that seek to explain the various developmental stages in an individual. In the area of child development, two major theories are those advanced by Sigmund Freud and Erik Ericson. These two theories will be discussed and differentiated in greater detail in this essay. Freud’s theory on the developmental stages of an individual is described according to the psychosexual development. ...

Psychosocial development is a lifelong process that takes place at each stage of an individual's life. A conflict at each stage of the development could adversely affect the potential development of the individual in later stages of life. Events like emotional turmoil that the acrimonious divorces of Steve and Marissa potentially has a damaging effect on the psychosocial development of their son Dennis. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, Dennis is currently in the Concrete operational stage of cognitive development. This stage occurs between the ages of seven and eleven years of age. The stage follows the pre-operational stage. ...

Cystic fibrosis

Introduction

Cystic fibrosis is a chronic illness that affects children. This medical disorder is also known as Mucoviscidosis and it is an inherited disorder, which is autosomal and recessive in nature. It affects two major systems (respiratory and digestive systems) in the children. Recent evidence has shown that disorders affecting the lungs are one of the highest causes of increase morbidity and mortality rates in the children (Pizzignacco & Lima, 2006). Associated complications are the major issues in cystic fibrosis. Technology and advancement in health care system has helped in reducing the associated mortality and morbidity because the disorder can now ...

Abstract

Environmental factors that influence human growth and development in Childhood are divided into two broad categories. They are intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic has to do with elements related to the internal physical activities such as functioning of the organs and systems. Precisely, cognitive development is concerned with their mental disposition. It denotes how well they reason, interpret, understand, analyze, differentiate and distinguish based on their physical growth. Babies do not display any of these cognitive attributes when they are born. However, as the brain begins to develop they became obvious and are recognized as products of the mind. Theoretically, ...

Introduction

Institutionalized care is often perceived as care outside the home. In developing as well as developed societies it could be formal or informal depending on the desires of parents along with prevailing psychosocial factors. It was my privilege to observe Institutionalized care at a renowned Infant Day Care are Center in my community. This facility housed 20-40 babies ranging from ages of three weeks to twelve months. The rooms were distinctly organized by grouping infants according to their ages. There were two classrooms. The first classroom accommodated infants from zero to six months and the other from six months ...

Effects of ageing: Psychosocial, Behavioral and Biological Changes

The ageing process is characterized by various: psychosocial, behavioral and biological changes. With adequate healthcare interventions, the ageing individual is able to cope with these changes and live a fully functional life. The role of nursing in such a venture cannot be sidelined.

Psychosocial Effects of Ageing

Psychosocial effects of aging can best be explained using Ericksons’ theory of psychosocial development. Researchers posit that after approximately 65 years, an individual either undergoes integrity or despair as they reflect on their lives and the choices they made (Brown & Lowis, 2003). This need to reflect and the subsequent feelings are generated by an overwhelming realization ...