Essays on Abolition Of Slavery

Slavery was a controversial issue for the Founding Fathers of the USA. For the sake of building an independent country, they preferred to ignore the problems of inequality and injustice that slavery brought into the American society. Moreover, the majority of the Founders owned slaves themselves. There were only 7 Founding Fathers that were not slave owners: Roger Sherman, Thomas Paine, Robert Treat Paine, Alexander Hamilton, Oliver Ellsworth, Samuel Adams and John Adams (Laccarino). They came from Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York or Pennsylvania and had to take into account conservative attitudes of the other Founding Fathers some of whom ...

Despite the fact that both the United States and Brazil have a history of the institution of slavery, each country documented a different reaction to the emancipation of those in bondage. Racial relations among Brazilians were significantly different in comparison to the documented experiences of African Americans residing in the United States after the abolition of slavery. For instance, while African Americans became subject to discriminatory laws that included Jim Crow Laws and Black Codes, Brazil did not experience the same form of government-imposed racism. In other words, legislations did not institutionalize racism among the people of Brazil; however, ...

Question 1: Primary Source

"Progress In Brazil-The Economiste Francais." Times [London, England] January 22, 1889. The Times Digital Archive. Accessed May 22, 2016. http://ntserver1.wsulibs.wsu.edu:2164/ttda/infomark.do?&source=gale&prodId=TTDA&userGroupName=pull21986&tabID=T003&docPage=article&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&docId=CS85512246&type=multipage&contentSet=LTO&version=1.0

Question 2: Annotated Bibliography

Andrews, George Reid. Blacks & Whites in São Paulo, Brazil, 1888-1988. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1991. Finkelman, Paul. “How the Civil War Changed the Constitution.” The New York Times, June 2, 2015. Accessed May 12, 2016. http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/06/02/how-the-civil-war-changed-the-constitution/ Before the emancipation of Brazilian slaves in 1888, the United States of America had already abolished slavery in 1865. Subsequently, the American societies witnessed the government’s attempt at assimilating persons of African descent as free citizens, equal to the whites. ...

Question 1: Monographs

1A- Andrews, George Reid. Blacks & Whites in São Paulo, Brazil, 1888-1988. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1991.

Holland/Terrell Libraries Stacks (F2631 .A58 1991) Permalink URL: http://alliance-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/WSU:WSU_everything:CP71171440010001451 1B- Scott, Rebecca. The Abolition of Slavery and the Aftermath of Emancipation in Brazil. Durham: Duke University Press, 1988.

Holland/Terrell Libraries (HT1128 .A29 1988)

Permalink URL: http://alliance-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/WSU:WSU_everything:CP71112677820001451

Question 2: History Scholarly Journal Articles

2A- Soares Glaucio Ary Dillon and Nelson do Valle Silva. "Urbanization, Race, and Class in Brazilian Politics." Latin American Research Review 22, no. 2 (1987): 155-176. JSTOR (2503489). 2B- Welch, Cliff. "Globalization and the Transformation of Work in Rural Brazil: Agribusiness, Rural Labor Unions, and Peasant Mobilization." International Labor ...

Introduction

The civil war was a fight over the state rights, and this claim can be supported by the idea that the thirteen colonies in America staged often defied the policies imposed by their mother country. The vast oceans that separated them from Britain served as a means for them to distance themselves from the monarchical rule and be independent in their way. Thus, the concept of state right was already observed even before the American Revolution and the Civil War. During the declaration of American Independence, there was also a need for the newly established national government to compromise ...

Point 1

Clear Statement Abraham Lincoln’s plan to table the 13th Amendment to abolish slavery; despite not having the full support of the Republican Party

Brief Summary

According to the movie, Abraham Lincoln decided to table the 13th Amendment in the Senate, which would abolish slavery. Lincoln tabled it at a time when the Civil War was all but won and knew that once the south lost or surrendered, it would be difficult for him to pass the Amendment in the senate. Lincoln knew that people in the conservative faction of the Republican Party would not support the abolition of slavery, as ...

Segregation in the South during the 1960s And 1970s

Abstract Segregation in the south was mainly by race and resulted to distinctions with regards to income, education, residence, and employment. Segregation in the south brought forth the ancient and even recent societal and organizational segregation. Segregation took many forms including, gender segregation, residential segregation, employment segregation and even educational segregation among other types. Some actions which portrayed the highest degree of these segregation included Africans enslavement in huge plantations, involuntary blacks emigration, forced relocations to reserves, the internment of minorities including the Japanese Americans, setting up of immigrant enclaves and forced displacements among other actions which were inhumane. ...

Annotated Bibliography: African American History

Mayer, R. (2000). "Africa As an Alien Future": The Middle Passage, Afrofuturism, and Postcolonial Waterworlds. Amerikastudien / American Studies, 45(4), 555-566. Palmer, C. A. (1995). From Africa to the Americas: Ethnicity in the Early Black Communities of the Americas. Journal of World History, 6(2), 223-236. According to Ruth Mayer’s Africa as an Alien Future (2000), there remains a connection between the African Diaspora community and the motherland. In the author’s words, African culture remains evident even in contemporary works such as “literature, installation art, [and] pop music” in which the passages between Africa and ...

After the American Civil War of between 1861 and 1865, and the ensuing Reconstruction Era that apparently failed, the United States witnessed the beginning of new social orders based on old ideologies. Persons of African descent remained inferior to their white counterparts and were it not for the federal government’s abolition of the slavery system black enslavement would have most likely returned to its former glory as the economic backbone of the South. To that end, while the understanding of 1877 as a year revolves around the end of reconstruction efforts as Union troops left the South, it ...

Introduction

The 18th century is one of the most significant years in the history of man especially with regard to slave trade and slavery. This is because in its last stages, the world experienced two of the most renowned and successful anti-colonial revolutions against slave trade both in Latin America as well as in the Caribbean. The first, which was the revolution against Latin American slavery culminated in 1783. Nine years later, the world witnessed a second Haitian revolution which commenced with massive insurrection of slaves in the region in 1791, culminating with the first of slavery abolitions in French ...

The Reconstruction Era was a very complicated period in the American history. Many historians think the Reconstruction Era was in general unsuccessful, because a large number of the pre-war issues were not resolved even though slavery was abolished and the Congress initiated some profound reforms in order to reintegrate the Southern States. However, a historian Eric Foner from the Columbia University thinks that despite the multiple failures the Reconstruction Era was a very important period for the development of the American society and set up of the basis for the complex economic, political and social transformations in the future. ...

Tobacco became the success of Jamestown, Virginia when export to England began in 1619. With the income produced, the city decided to arrange for two imports: 20 black men for manual labor and 90 women from England as brides. Thus America began its history of slavery (Innercity.org 2014). Photographs, art, journalism, and literature displayed its brutality. The public was informed of families torn apart, beatings, murder, and rape. The general theme was inhumanity, but there were many owners of slaves that treated them well. history remembers beatings, rape, murder, and splitting families apart.

The indignities ...

Question one

Slavery was a profitable business between 1500 and 1900. People from other continents such as Africa and Latin America were captured forcefully and transported to be sold in America or other places. These people would be enslaved and forced to work in industrial firms, cash crop farms and even as household employees. Latin American nations such as Brazil and Cuba became the target grounds where slaves were captured. These people started resisting this degrading activity. This was the start of the journey to the abolition of lave trade. The manner in which slave trade was abolished in different countries was ...

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow a successful American poet whose works carry a lot of sentimentalism. Sentimentalism is the act of stimulating tender emotional responses towards a given work of art that are not really due that work. Wadsworth successfully brings out this aspect especially in A Psalm of Life. “ tell me not in mournful numbers, life is but an empty dream (Longfellow n.p).” The two lines bring out a sense of hopelessness that there is no much meaning to life no matter how hard we attempt to live. Wadsworth was trying to show human beings the vagueness in life and the need ...

Introduction

The American Civil War stood out as perhaps the most catastrophic historical event in the history of the United States (US). The sheer propensity of the armed conflict between Union and Confederate forces resulted to more than 600,000 deaths of soldiers from both sides – a number that rendered en masse military recruitment and conscription. The pressure to reach victory was strongly felt among the ranks of Union and Confederate forces that both sides did not hesitate to advertise their need to reinforce their respective regiments. Posters, perhaps the most sophisticated and effective advertising means at the time when the ...

Question 1

“Through history, the powers of single black men flash here and there like falling stars, and die sometimes before the world has rightly gauged their brightness” (DuBois 13). This statement by W.E.B DuBois captures the power of his book in attempting to change the mindsets of African Americans about their self worth relative to those of people from other races. It is a statement rich in rhetoric because it contains a symbol and simile where black men are likened to flashing fallings stars to indicate the plight of even the brightest of black men. African Americans have fallen prey to rhetoric ...

Secession commissioners were slave-owning politicians from the South. They were determined to defend slavery and mobilize other politicians from the South to separate from Abraham Lincoln’s Union. The Southerners claimed that the objective of quitting from the Union was not destructive but rather help in saving the tenets of the constitution. They believed that the slave system of the South would not thrive under the rule of the Republicans. The commissioners included state appointed individuals such as Jabez Curry, John Smith Preston, William L.Harris and Stephen F.Hale. They were a total of fifty-two commissioners with diverse experiences and affiliations ...

Essay

American Civil War (1861 - 1865 years) - war between the abolitionist states of the North and the eleven slaveholding states of the South. It was the inevitable consequence of the contradictions between the two social systems in the country. The basis of these conflicts was the issue of slavery, which entirely determined the economic and political interests of the planters.

American Civil War and its causes

Before the Civil War the planters had unlimited power over their slaves. The latter, in turn, were forced to live in the most brutal and unacceptable conditions. Because of this attitude the slaves often died from exhaustion, starvation ...

The Civil Rights Movement

The Movements of the New Left, 1950-1975: A Brief History with Documents by Van Gosse Hannah Wilson In the 1960s, America underwent a monumental change, and everything changed in terms of its culture, status of specific population categories, domestic and foreign policies, and many other aspects under the large-scale, massive, and irreversible influence of the New Left movements. The 1960s were obviously a highly revolutionary period in the US history, mainly due to the rise of many fundamental social movements such as feminists, civil rights protectors, anti-Vietnam war pacifists, and voting rights. For example, Gosse (2005) noted that “ ...

The relationship between the revolution in France and Haiti

The Haitian Revolution resulted from a long fight on the fragment of the slaves in the French colony of St. Domingue, however was also driven by the free Mulattoes who had initially faced the prosecutions of being signified as semi-citizens. The revolution saw slavery to end and resulted to the establishment of the republic of Haiti. The colony of Saint-Domingue, geologically roughly the identical land mass that is currently Haiti was the lushest colony in the West Indies and perhaps the richest in the history of the globe. Driven by slave effort and enabled by rich soil and model climate, ...

The Civil War

The worst American Civil war since the revolution in America took place between 1861 and 1865. This war resulted from numerous occurrences that led to mistrust and eventually the destructive fighting. This essay explores what caused the American civil war. It explicates the causes starting with the initial causes down to the war itself.

Slavery

Firstly, the Southern States of America primarily relied on plantations as the cornerstone of their economy. The unfortunate thing about this was the plantation economy relied on needed slavery, to perform and sustain itself. In comparison, the northern states had established beyond farming of cotton. ...

History

Introduction Corporal punishment refers to the intentional infliction of physical pain with the aim of correcting or disciplining. Additionally, the corporal punishment can be administered. Many nations seem to be moving from this habit, however, some critics believe that corporal punishment should de embraced. For instance, in the United States there 19 states, which are still practicing it, while 30, have banned it completely. This essay seeks to examine the corporal punishment in the 18th, 19th centuries, and in some abolitionist circles.

Corporal Punishment in 18th Century

As a point of departure, the history of the corporal punishment dates back as early as the ...

12 Years a Slave Jamestown, Virginia discovered success with the cultivation and export of tobacco to England in 1619. The profit was so high, two imports were arranged: 20 black men for labor and 90 women from England for brides. This is the beginning of slavery in America (Innercity.org 2014). The brutality of slavery was depicted in art, photographs, literature, and journalism. While many slave owners treated their slaves well, history remembers beatings, rape, murder, and splitting families apart. The debate at the time was whether Africans were animals, human, or a blending of the two. The argument was decided ...

Introduction

The reason for choosing this research is because of the conflicting results about the impacts of European colonization and slave trade in Africa. There have been many problems that the world has encountered such as the World Wars I and II but one of the cruelest events that ever occurred in history was slavery. Slavery is defined as the legal form of purchasing people as properties who can be sold for economic reasons. Slavery in Africa is a subject that has historians debating about the demographic impact it has had in history. This has caused many historians to research about ...

Introduction

The American Africans were entitled to slave since 1619 when the first black slaves were introduced in North America to help with the production of crops such as tobacco. Throughout the American colonies, slavery was practiced, and the black Americans were used to help build the economic foundation of the country. However, after the agricultural decline, the African Americans were seen to have no economic benefit to the farmers. Consequently, they engaged into other economic benefits that shaped the northern economy. For instance, when the geography and climate affected the agricultural activities in the northern colonies, slaves engaged into ...

Slavery played a vital role in America’s social, economic and political history during the antebellum period. It became a topic of discussion all over the United States because of the American economy and plans to expand its territories. Most politicians were using it as a tool to gain votes and it was compulsory for them to air out their views on the issue, and Abraham Lincoln was not an exception. Many people in the United States have debated Abraham Lincoln’s views on the issue of slavery and race for so many years. Even though he issued the emancipation proclamation which ...

One of the pertinent issues that have always been debated among historians has always centered primarily on its cases. The effects have been debated, and these tend to bring a consensus view that the Civil war led to a massive change in the social, cultural and economic realms of the society. In other cases, however, there have been divergent views all trying to depict the possible causes of the Civil War. Abraham Lincoln one of the senior personalities to have reflected on the causes of the Civil War took a very bold move by asserting that the cause of the Civil War ...

(Insert Institute) Most of the American Reform Movements date back to the nineteenth and twentieth century. Finding a basis in the political, economic, and social traditions within societies living in the United States, said movements sought to alter certain practices and beliefs amongst the citizens. Consequently, different minority groups, with the support of various allies, called for changes to alleviate their current positions within the social order. The primary goal for the movements revolves around raising awareness amongst community members and in turn, steer the country into policy changes (Kennedy and Bailey, 2001, p. 320). It is important to ...

1. Describe the emergence of abolitionism in American society and its significance. Give examples. 2. Describe the distribution of slavery in the South. Describe slave culture and how it helped slaves bear up under the pressures of slavery. How did southern whites defend slavery? The Southern states of America were growing in economic power through their plantation system. After the first plantations were expanding and the new were emerging, the plantation owners needed more people, in particular, slaves for work, and, thus, more slaves have been brought from Africa. Gradually, the number of slaves started rising and ...

Literature

Thesis Statement Thomas Jefferson’s Query XIV Laws is quite different from Phyllis Wheatley’s Poems, in that, while both of them targeted slavery and its abolishment, Jefferson’s views are expressed by a person from the outside, while Phyllis’ views are personal. While Jefferson makes comparisons to show that slavery in America was not as bad, Phyllis makes a direct appeal to abolish slavery. President of the United States, President Barak Obama, in one of his speeches said that he thought the need of the hour for all Americans, black or white, was to shun their differences and ...

Introduction

In ancient America, men considered women to be second-class citizens and denied them many fundamental rights such as voting, leadership, choice of healthcare and reproduction rights among others. The US being the centerpiece of a lot of civil action saw the rise of women activists who engaged authorities in their agitation for equality. This essay compares two such women, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Sojourner Truth by examining their publicized works on women rights. Elizabeth Candy Stanton (1815-1902) and Sojourner Truth (1797-1883) were both American abolitionists, social and women rights activists. Elizabeth Stanton wrote the speech “home life” in 1875. ...

More than fifty years after the slaves were freed; they were still fighting for equality. In an effort to bring impartiality to their race, The Harlem Renaissance, a flurry of activates by black artists, express their displeasure through their work, notably in Literature. The Harlem Renaissance was propagated as a result of the atrocities that were still being metered out to African-American community despite abolition of slavery. The Harlem Renaissance, a movement between 1919 and 1940 was an era of great explosion of black artist who express themselves through music, dance, poetry, drama, essay, painting, and sculpture. This was an era ...

(Insert Institute) (Insert Course) (Insert Date of Submission)

Essay Answers

- The Reconstruction Period The American Civil War (1861-1865) served as a revolution to the economical, social, and political structures in the country. Consequently, the years that followed the Civil War are referred to as the reconstruction period as both Northern and Southern states sought to rebuild their lives. The plan for reconstruction was developed by President Lincoln Abraham before the end of the Civil War (Ladenburg 8). The first aim of the plan was to, “bind the nation’s wounds” (Ladenburg 8) after the rift that had developed ...

Introduction

Steven Spielberg came up with a film meant to illustrate the role played by Lincoln where the abolition of slavery is concerned. On the other hand, Eric Foner saw the need to put this amazing story in writing. Both are award-winning pieces. Lincoln, the film, received much complimentary feedback and got nominated on many forums. The Fiery Trial: Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery also received acclamation from the various mediums existent. Given that both the book and the film have received great responses, the question would be which between the two is the most effective. In a highly modernised era, anything ...

When on January 17, 1706 in Boston in the family of a poor soap-boiler fifteenth child was born no one could imagine that this boy would not only glorify the dynasty of Franklins, but also the entire country, that he would become a world-renowned scholar and one of the founders of the new nation – the United States of America. The boy`s name was Benjamin. His life story is an example for any young person entering the life and seeking to make one's way in life. An active politician, diplomat, writer, educator, scientist, and inventor About this remarkable man many ...

According to John Ashworth the rise of American capitalism led to increasing calls for the complete and unconditional abolition of slavery from the United States. In the text provided John Ashworth proves this claim. He proves the claim by explaining the underlying ideologies of American capitalism and how these ideologies eventually led to demands for abolition of slavery. Capitalism advocates for privately owned businesses which bring forth profits for the owners. According to ashworth this was completely in line with abolitionism. This is because as capitalism grew there was increasing demand for labor and calls for the work force ...

Susan Antony

Susan Brownell Antony was born on 15th February in the year 1820 in Massachusetts. She died on March 13 of the year1906.Her Quaker family was well endowed with activist traditions. This made Susan develop a moral zeal and sense of justice in her early life. Susan was a well-known feminist and civil rights activist and leader in America. She played a very instrumental role in the movement of women rights of the 19th century in America leading to the introduction of the women suffrage in the US. Susan also worked with Elizabeth Candy Stanton as the founders of first of the women ...

U.S. CIVIL WAR Abolition is the legal prohibition and ending of something. Abolition has for many years been experienced all over the world including in the U.S. In 1861 for instance, there was a civil war in America which saw the southern part break away from the north. All this was caused by the differences in the legality of slavery in the fact that the southern part had made slavery legal and the northern part was against it. By that time Abraham Lincoln had been appointed as the US president in 1860 and he aimed at total extinction and ...

Steven Spielberg’s Lincoln (2012) focused almost completely on how Abraham Lincoln moved the 13th Amendment that abolished slavery forever in the United States through the House of Representatives. Such amendments are very difficult to pass under any conditions, since they require a two-thirds vote of both Houses of Congress and then ratification of three-quarters of the states. It had already passed the Senate in April 1864 but in the House there were still enough Democrats opposed to the abolition of slavery to block it. As the film showed, Lincoln, Secretary of State William Seward and House Republican leader Thaddeus ...

The American Civil War of 1861-1865 is a key event in the history of the country in terms of arising their consciousness and is regarded as the Second American Revolution after the First Revolution of 1776-1783. The War largely determined the path that United States would take as it sought to answer two questions that were not defined by the first revolution. To this extent, the civil war made an attempt to ascertain whether the nation was to be a dissolvable confederation of sovereign states or one with a sovereign national government. Secondly,the war gave an answer as to whether America ...

History of Women in US from 1800

- Definition of the civil rights movement - a force/movement that fought for equal rights before the law - Strategies of the movement- campaigns, non-violent protests, civil unrest and armed rebellion - Fronts of the civil rights movement- abolition of slavery, the rights of the minorities (particularly the African Americans), the rights to vote and women rights - Thesis statement- despite women playing a critical role in the fight for the civil rights, they have often been overlooked - The anti-segregation struggle - Jim Crow system- entrenched racial segregation in public and private establishment, voter disfranchisement ...

Slavery in the United States could be considered one of the darkest moments of early American history as the newly established nation had caused one of the largest migrations of slaves through the Atlantic. African Americans and Africans were forced to let go of their traditions, identity, and human rights as they are treated as animals without rights to freedom. Many slaves had opted to stay quiet and accept their fate while a few had tried to fight back and learn the methods in fighting those in power and subsequently call out for their rights. While a few had tried to ...

Since Lincoln was assassinated in April 1865, it is impossible to know what final form his Reconstruction policies would have followed, although his successor Andrew Johnson always asserted that in carry out a moderate Restoration of the Southern states in 1865 his was simply carrying out Abraham Lincoln’s original plan. Abolitionists and so-called Radical Republicans like Ben Wade, Frederick Douglass and Thaddeus Stevens disagreed with Johnson and finally attempted to remove him from office in 1867-68. They did not intend to restore the former Confederate states unless equal civil and voting rights had been granted to the four million ...

Introduction

It is in the very nature of humans to have conflicts with one another. At the same time, it is not impossible to meet those conflicts with the appropriate resolutions. Whereas conflicts, small or large in scale, arise from disagreements over matters crucial to the parties involved, the escalation of such matters often lead to amicable resolutions, regardless of the length of time and representation changes within parties. War, a disastrous form of conflict, often stems from disagreements between large groups of people within a certain context and milieu, with both parties risking their interests in the given case.

Civil wars ...

Bacon’s Rebellion

According to the Totally History website1, the origins of the Bacon’s Rebellion were in 1674, when Virginian settlers tried to remove the local Native American Indians, who the settlers claimed disrupted the productivity of their farming operations and disturbed the peace. According to a Bacon’s Rebellion article2 by Susan McCully (1987, revised 1995) on the National Park Service website, the events occurred in a climate of local serious economic problems, including the falling price of tobacco, commercial competition from the colonies of the Carolinas and Maryland, rising costs of imported English goods and fewer opportunities to sell to England. ...

Contrary to popular belief, the issue of African-American racism and slavery in the United States did not begin in the early 1970s. Slavery has already begun in the early 1700s with most of these slaves transported from Africa and other far-flung regions, while some African slaves married Hispanic Americans who were also treated like slaves. Many slaves had resigned to their faith and considered themselves lucky if they would have gained their freedom in those days. However, like the recent slavery and racism movement in the 1970s, there were those who dreamed to remove the boundaries raised by slavery. ...

Introduction

The question, whether art influences life or life influences art has been a much debated. While many state that art is the representation of human life and nature, many others argue that artistic depictions result in trends that have the ability to influence the human mind. It definitely seems as if “art” has influenced the society if popular culture is considered. (D) Popular culture, or as it is otherwise known, “pop” culture, is the body of ideas propounded by the majority of a society through various artistic means, such as television and cinema, and it has a impactful influence on the actions, ...

Race and Color

Race and color are symbolized to superiority and high status in the American society. People with black color from African American race are considered to be inferior and are still treated as second grade citizens in America while people with light skins symbolize as superior and get privileged handling.

African American black people face a number of problems and incidents of discrimination in the society. They are often made to realize that they are not as competent as light skin people and the irony is that in many cases black people are aware of it but compelled to live with ...

1.0 Introduction Slavery started way back in 1513 in the United States (U.S) when Spanish and French brought slaves. Under President Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and James Monroe who slavery was at its peak with slaves mainly being brought in from Africa. Slavery was instituted through passage of laws in different states. These laws were mainly passed to regulate the treatment, ownership, trade and duties of slaves in the respective sate so that the institution was regulated differently in different states. The emancipation acts of 1780 and 1804 temporarily stopped slave trade in most of the northern parts ...