Essays on Railroad

Introduction

The Federal government promoted development in the Northwest Pacific area by chartering the railroad companies and granting them land grants. There were sixty railroads that received various land grants from the government. The land given by the government was over 130 thousand acres. The cost of building the railroad varied from $ 21,000 to $ 30,000 (Raugust, 2009). For each mile of land that the company received they would sell on cash or credit. This sale would therefore finance the construction of the railway. The companies would therefore own the land at no cost and sell it to finance ...

The expansion of the American railroad system in the 19th century brought with it unprecedented economic and cultural change – which also happened at an unprecedented pace. It is almost impossible for us, in the early 21st century, to conceive the complete transformation that the railroad was responsible for – both directly and indirectly. Westland and Clark (12) compare the impact of the railroad on ordinary life with the impact of the internet on our generation. Indeed, in 1900 the railroad was responsible for 15% of American GDP – roughly equivalent to the internet’s impact on the American economy. Early in ...

Introduction

The railroad system is an important contributor to the US economy. A disturbance in the system could have serious consequences to the transportation network and the economy at large. A high number of counter measures have been instituted to prevent attacks that would cause disturbance. However, the existing defensive measures entrenched in the railroad system may not be sufficient to guarantee safety against all attacks that may be made against it. If enemies or rivals spot points of weakness, they may initiate attacks to disrupt service or harm human lives. Information is critical for any successful attack to occur. ...

Introduction

Efficient transport in terms of cost and transportation time is a vital element towards the realization of economic development; this implies that transport activities are bound increase steadily due to the need to achieve economic development. Railroad transport is a means of moving passengers and freight by use of wheeled vehicles on fixed rail tracks, whereby the locomotive is channeled by the infrastructure of the railroad tracks. Rail transport serves as one of the effective means of transport that can be used to meet the increasing transport demands such as freight and passenger transport (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 58). ...

1877 Great Rail Road Strike The 1877 Great Railroad Strike, at times called the Great Upheaval, started on 14th July in Martinsburg, West Virginia, and came to an end 45 days later, after it was terminated by state and local militias, as well as federal troops. After the Civil War was over, there resulted a flourish in construction of railroad, with a new track being set between the years 1866 and 1873. The railroads, which used to be the second biggest employer beyond agriculture, needed large capital investment amounts, and, therefore, implied massive monetary risk. Plungers invested in the ...

Need for a passenger railroad

There is a need for an inclusive passenger railroad in the US. This need is grounded on the need for a very high speed rail system. A passenger railroad will be required to accommodate the need for intercity transportation within the US. In addition, the need for urban transportation will be accommodated by the passenger railroad. The transit centers in the US will be crowded, hence the need for a passenger railroad (McMahon, 2012). Other transport modes such as highways and aviation are constrained in capacity, and they are starved of capital. Therefore, with expected business and population growth, there will be a ...

The history of western settlement in the United States is linked closely with the history of railroad construction. Immigrants were integral in the construction of the American transcontinental railroads, which facilitated the expansion to the west, and they used the railroad to migrate and settle in the west. This paper will discuss the importance of railroads in the settlement of the west in the 19th century and onwards. With the completion of the transcontinental railroad after the Civil War opened the west for economic development and settlement. White settlers started to pour across the Mississippi to ranch, mine ...

Introduction

The Civil War is remembered as a period of great political and social upheaval. In addition, it is a period of change in technology. Military men and inventors devised new kinds of war equipment’s like the submarine, and the repeating rifle, that brought massive change on how the world military fought wars. There were also circumstances where technology was developed and had nothing in relation to war, such as the telegraph and the railroad (Blattman & Miguel, 2010). This kind of technologies and innovations did not only change the fighting styles of the people but also changed their living styles. Some ...

In 1820, in Maryland, an Africa-American girl was born into slavery (Abnett, 3); a usual occurrence at that time. What makes her outstanding however is what she later became. The girl, born as Araminta Harriet Ross, later became a humanitarian, military spy, soldier, women’s activist and abolitionist of great repute. She dedicated her lifetime to fighting slavery, and helped many slaves to escape from slavery (Elish, 9). She became synonymous was the underground railroad as it was the passage through which she guided escaped slaves to freedom. It is such fact that she is also referred to as the ‘conductor’ ( ...

The book “The Octopus” written by Frank Norris in the year 1901 falls in the genre of fictional epic and is one of the unique literary treatises. In the book, Norris discusses about the conflicts between the ranchers of California and wheat growers on one side and the politics and rail road on the other side. The company that operates the railroad controls the land, state legislature and local newspapers, and makes it tough for the wheat growers to survive in the nineteenth century California . In the Octopus, Norris envisions the study of production, processing and distribution of wheat ...

‘The offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting of something of value for the purpose of influencing the action of an official in the discharge of his or her public or legal undertakings’ is the legal definition of bribery. China is ranked position 80 out of 178 countries in terms of corruption; this vice is rampant and pervades way for the fast growing economy of the country. China is one of the most developed countries and it’s on its way to achieving the super power status and high economic growth in the next one decade. However, if bribery and corruption ...

Asian immigrants were, for many years, the silent victims of American westward expansion. When Americans were expanding westward in pursuit of Manifest Destiny, they were not doing all the work themselves. Manifest Destiny was the widely-held belief by many Americans that America was destined to expand across the current-day United States. During the 1820s all the way through the 1860s, Americans from the east coast of the United States expanded across the United States, seeking a variety of different things-- some sought land, others new experiences or natural resources. Everyone who participated in the American westward expansion carried some kind ...

Industrialization after the Civil War Final Paper

I. Introduction The Second Revolution takes place between 1860 and 1920s. During that period after the Civil War, there was a need for a massive industry to open trade networks and reach the Pacific plains. The aftermath of the Civil War saw American, realize the American Dream as the economy grew exponentially. Some of the opportunities that America had were abundance in natural resources in the newly acquired regions and a huge supply of cheap labor from immigrants. The Second Revolutions saw innovative ways to produce, communicate, and transport products to other territories. Prior to the development in the distinct transportation ...

Pioneer for Freedom and Women’s Rights

In 1820 or 1821, a baby named Araminta Ross was born to the parents of Harriet Ross and Benjamin Green. The family lived in Dorchester County, Maryland, an area which allowed slavery. At some point in her early years, young Araminta changed her name to the same as her mother’s, Harriet (Chism).

When Harriet was only five years old, neighbors rented her from her master to do household chores. Since she did perform her duties well, the neighbors regularly beat her for her inadequate housework. After many failed attempts at domestic work, Harriet was given a chance at the manlier ...

Transportation in the United States can be classified into Air, land and sea, since it is mainly facilitated by road, rail, water and air systems. This paper examines each of the abovementioned categories of transportation in the United States.

Air Transportation

Air transportation system, in the United States, is advanced, and it operates through almost 5,000 paved airfields. The large distances between main U.S. cities and the geography of the nations make air transportation remain the most preferred means of travel for long distances of over 480 KM. The United States passenger airlines are owned by private entities. The ...

The coming of industrialization made for a brand new era in America, and the world - new things were created faster and more efficiently, creating prosperity the likes of which was never before experienced in world history. This came as a result of a tenuous and often conflicting cooperation and interaction between corporations and the government that ruled the country. The industrial age was spurred along by the intervention and cooperation of the world of business and American government, with many changes being made over our country's long history.

After the Civil War, Reconstruction was an agonizing time for America; a nation was ...

The great railroad strike of 1877 was a series of related, but unorganized railroad worker strikes. In the 1870s the United States was in a depressions, and conditions for railroad workers were made worse when the president of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company issued a 10% pay cut across the board. This led to organic strikes in the towns of Baltimore, Chicago, Kansas City, Pittsburgh, St. Louis, and San Francisco. In response to these strikes the federal government and various Governors responded by sending national guards to quell the strikes. This led the deaths of nearly 100 striking workers across the ...

History

Baltimore Established in 1659, the County of Baltimore was among the first divisions of Maryland Colony. The first inhabitant of the City of Baltimore was David Jones, who claimed the area of about 380 acres (1.5 km2).In 1729, the town of Baltimore was put on paper by the Maryland General Assembly and during this period the German immigrants settled in the town.In 1745, the town was expanded to include Jones town named after David Jones. From 1790 through to the 20th century, Baltimore grew in population becoming largest city in South America. In the realization of its ...

In war, important are well-seasoned and properly drilled troops; however, logistics, a science of maintaining and supplying an army, is about as important since it is due to well-timed nourishment, ammunition replenishment and transportation that army can retain its physical wellbeing and fighting capacity. The importance of logistics during wartime is buttressed up by the fact that strings of carts have been targeted by hostile sabotaging agents, attempting to unhinge supplying lines over the years, whether it be in times of Alexander the Great or Ulysses Grant. He who maintains army properly by factoring in proper maintenance stands an excellent ...

1) On the 12th of September 2 trains collided. The engineer of the train 111 was Robert M. Sanchez who from the early age was interested in this sphere. He did his best to fulfill his dream, he got hired to Metrolink, but on the 12th of September in 2008 he had his last commute route. There are some causes of the Metrolink accident.Sanchez was inattentive (before he had received several discipline letters for not following the rules). He wasn’t supposed to use his cell phone at work but he did (Sanchez texted to one teenager who was a ...

Introduction

Erie Railroad v Tompkins was a fairly simple case in which the Supreme Court was called upon to give an interpretation as to the application of state common law over federal common law in cases of diversity jurisdiction. In addition, the case is celebrated for its empowerment of the state common law as it clearly denied Congress the power to set federal common law, an action it perceived as unconstitutional.

Federal Court’s obligation to state court decisions prior to Erie Railroad v Tompkins

Before the decision in Erie, federal courts enjoyed the discretion as to whether to follow decisions from the state courts or not. Despite issues falling under diversity jurisdiction necessitating the ...

Introduction

Erie Railroad v Tompkins was a fairly simple case in which the Supreme Court was called upon to give an interpretation as to the application of state common law over federal common law in cases of diversity jurisdiction. In addition, the case is celebrated for its empowerment of the state common law as it clearly denied Congress the power to set federal common law, an action it perceived as unconstitutional.

Federal Court’s obligation to state court decisions prior to Erie Railroad v Tompkins

Before the decision in Erie, federal courts enjoyed the discretion as to whether to follow decisions from the state courts or not. Despite issues falling under diversity jurisdiction necessitating the ...

The NOGO Railroad Case Study

Overview A close look at the case reveals a shoddy and archaic organizational culture at NOGO Railroad rife with negative practices such as nepotism and feather bedding being actively practiced as part of the legacy of the rail industry, shaping up the currently rigid and change-averse attitude of the employees. This is substantiated by the findings of a research study conducted in Malaysia “showing an association between organizational culture and the affective, cognitive, and behavioral tendency of attitudes towards organizational change, and that these acceptance levels of change vary with different types of organizational cultures, some of which facilitate change, ...

1. Expansion of Federal Government Since the Late 1800’s Expansion of federal government powers accelerated after the American Civil War, which – according to an article by Holcombe (1997) – established the federal government’s supremacy over the individual states. The picture below illustrates the tragedy of war and in particular the “American versus American” aspect of the war, which resulted in massive casualties to Americans on both sides in the conflict. The war cost millions of lives as well as breakdowns in previous relationships. Former friends and even family members became divided by allegiance to their chosen cause, ...

Introduction

Albuquerque is an important locomotive repair center. It is involved in an extensive program of rehabilitation the railroad system that has been neglected for quiet some times. Albuquerque is located in Santa Fe at the junction of the low grade main transcontinental and the El Paso line. The two transport system lines that cross each other at Albuquerque are the main traffic arteries hence they are important to the economy of Santa Fe. The main purpose why the largest locomotive center was placed in Albuquerque was to enhance economic activities in the region.

Soon after the construction of the ...

The building and growth of railroads in America was the major phenomena in an industrial revolution. Railroads brought extensive changes socially, politically, and economically by their construction and then proper operation and were first developed in Great Britain and then United States brought engines and steam locomotives. Steamed locomotives impressed American as they could experience the lower cost associated with the shipping by carriage. It reduced the cost of freight by 90% that resulted in various economic results such as the establishment of continental interiors, increase in crop yields, and supply in deprived and isolated areas. Railroad also takes a ...

Settlement of California from 1865-1895 and its impact on the U.S. economy CALIFORNIA FROM 1865- 1895 AND THE U.S. ECONOMY

and it’s impact to the U.S. Economy The California Gold Rush, which started in the discovery of gold in 1848, has an important role in the massive migration of people from diverse culture in the Golden State in the remaining half of the 19th century. Although California was already home to Native Americans and people of other cultures, the Gold Rush has dramatically increased the population of this state. People from different places marched through difficult ...

Introduction

The industrial revolution took place in England in the late 18th Century and early 19th century, but during that time, America was more dependent on hand labors and small businesses served the local market. Investors did not have the capital to serve a larger market and also the transportation was not developed to serve a larger market quickly and efficiently. From the 1930s onwards, there was more focus on building better transportation system, and a river transportation system started developing, followed by an increasing focus on railroad expansion. By the time the Civil War ended, already many thousands of miles of railroad ...

Introduction

The nullification crisis arose during the presidential term of Andrew Jackson. The nullification guaranteed numerous implications for the future of the union and the state of Southern Carolina. The nullification, its process, content and facilitators, brought to life questions on the nature of the constitution. It also raised eyebrows on the relationship of the national government and the individual states. John C. Calhoun, former vice president, argued that the state had every right to declare null and void a law passed by congress. However, this was only valid if the state considered such a law as unconstitutional. Although the key issue ...

INTRODUCTION

The American civil war begun in 1861 until 1865. It was one of the landmark events that changed the American people. The war came to an end with the passage of three important constitutional amendments. The three amendments abolished slavery, granted citizenship to freed slaves and consequently gave them the democratic right to vote. It is evident that the civil war changed the political, social and economic landscape of the American people. During the civil war, the railway system took a leap because of its pivotal role in the war. It played a major role in transportation of troops, weapons ...

Introduction

When the United States emerged from the Civil War, the divisions within its economy showed the reason why the South lost the conflict. Because of the industrialization that had taken place in the North in the first half of the nineteenth century, that side was able to develop materiel more quickly – and to get it to the men on the battlefields where they needed it with more rapidity. The South, on the other hand, was still mostly an agrarian society. While this agrarian dream would fire the imaginations of poets from Dixie well into the twentieth century, it also ...

Zhang Wei remembers the day he landed in America very clearly, it was a chilly winter day and everything including time seems to have frozen. He was anxious to see his father, Zhang Xiuxing who had traveled by sea a year earlier. He was only 16 when his father left and old enough to step into his father’s shoes. One year had flown by, and today, he would be leading his mother and his sister to the Promised Land that their father had prepared for them. He was sure that his father would be proud of how he had protected ...

Life Span Development and Personality

Harriet Tubman was a remarkable woman that led the black slaves to freedom during the early and middle part of 1880s through the Underground Railroad. She was born Araminta Hariet Ross, census records cannot determine the correct month of her birth. However, reports indicate that her birth is between February to March of 1822. Tubman was born in an African-American slave family. She is a humanitarian, an abolitionist and a Union spy during the time of the Civil War. Tubman made 13 trips to the South in a mission to rescue more than 70 slaves using networks of anti-slavery groups including safe houses ...

Introduction

In the modern world, genetic testing at workplace is slowly trending towards becoming a controversial issue. Well from one perspective, genetic testing is perceived to be beneficial (Howard, 2011). For instance, through genetic testing organizations are able to determine side effects and illnesses in employees that might result from chemical exposure. However, there is still fear related to the testing outcome. In many articles that have previously researched on this topic, the utilitarian perspective seems to be supported. From this perspective, gene testing is highly disqualified as an invalid method of determining the hereditary diseases. Hence, gene testing has been ...

The United States rail industry came up in 1827, after the formation of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad company (Williams 2004). This company was the first to be chattered as a carrier for both passengers and freight. With time, the railroad gained importance during the settling of North America. This introduction to the people made it possible for the agricultural industry to develop greatly. Before long, several railroads had emerged, which made it possible for rail transport to expand its reach (Williams 2004). People therefore stopped over-relying on water and road transportation, since they now had more options. This industry ...

Disasters most commonly elicit the response of city, local, state, and federal aid agencies to meet the mitigation of destruction during various phases of an emergency event. Public health legal authority, during a hazardous substance discharge, may call for both public and private agency involvement. Thrusting personnel and materials in the area must operate under the auspices of inter-jurisdictional protocol and legal authority. The objectives in this written exercise are to alert the learner, in anticipation of future professional behavior, about gaining an understanding for legal protocols in public health/hazardous emergencies while maintaining the highest levels of public safety during a ...

Historians contend that the American Civil War and Reconstruction created immense changes regarding political, social and economic dispositions among the American people. However, it also produced significant pain and hardship for generations of Americans who are still considered marginalized today. This essay seeks to explain the many changes that occurred due to the American Civil War and Reconstruction (1850s – 1870s). Communities affected will be highlighted. Also, an exploration into whether the Civil War and Reconstruction was another American Revolution would be undertaken. The significance of this era in relation to acquisition of rights and freedoms experienced today will be ...

(Insert Institute) (Insert Course) (Insert Date)

Before the American Civil War of 1861-1865, tensions were high between the Northern and Southern states. Said tension found basis on the issue of slavery with the Southerners being pro-slavery and Northerners anti-slavery. Consequently, an abolitionist movement rose from the North and led to the development of the “Underground Railroad”. Despite its name, the “Underground Railroad” encompassed hidden houses, paths, and code words that the anti-slavery forces utilized in helping blacks escape to Free states and Canada where there was no slavery. Expectedly, such actions led to the retaliation of the ...

The renowned Steel Bridge is a double deck structure that has a vertical-lift and is also known as through-truss. It goes across the Willamette River in the city of Portland in the United States and was opened in 1912, so it recently celebrated its 100th anniversary. The bridge has the dual function of carrying rail and bicycle traffic on its lower deck whilst the upper deck is dedicated to road traffic. This innovative arrangement makes the bridge extremely innovative and the fact that it has an independent lift continues to emphasise its prominence as the second oldest vertical lift bridge in ...

Compare and contrast the central city and two suburbs: Baltimore, Maryland and the suburban areas of Columbia and Towson

Brief History of Each Area Baltimore was established as a county in 1659 and David Jones who owned 380 acres of land in 1661 first settled it. The most attractive and important aspect ion determining the location of the city was the geology at the mouth of the Patapsco River forming the Port of Baltimore, which was later changed to Inner harborHarbor. The large number of farmers from the surrounding areas significantly motivated the city. Water flowing to the Patapsco fall line was efficient for driving mills the heavy tobacco farming in the surrounding areas resulted in many shipments ...

Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives’ Association 489 U.S. 602 (1989).

Skinner is the Petitioner and Railway Labor Executives’ Association is respondents in the U.S. Supreme Court. Case No 489 U.S. 602 (1989) before the Judges Kennedy, RHENQUIST, C.J, White, Blackmun, O’Connor, Scalia, Stevens and Brenman Whether the Regulations requiring employees of private railroads to undergo tests for presence of alcohol or drug violated the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution.

Facts

Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)’s Regulations require blood and urine tests to be conducted on the covered employees who had been on duty on trains involved in accidents ...

Introduction

Laus or Los Angeles Union Station is currently the major rail way station in Los Angeles, California and it’s the biggest passenger terminal railroad the Western part of the United States. Most recently, the railway station evolved into the largest main transport hub for those who live in South California. It currently, serves about sixty thousand passengers on a daily basis on their en route to Amtrak for the longer distance trains locomotives, Regional trains of Amtrak California, computer driven trains of Metro link as well as many more metro rails and light rails. In addition, the ...

Introduction

Governments are tasked with a challenging responsibility of adopting informed and justifiable decisions when budgeting for the country’s resources. Investing in unproductive or unhelpful projects is not acceptable because this characterize misuse of public resources. Amtrak is one of the major projects in United States that has realized attention of policy makers. A group of policy makers has lobbied for the continued funding of this project while other argues that the company should lose its subsidiaries. Deciding whether the government should withdraw its support from Amtrak or continue funding the project is challenging because either of the options carry ...

CS417

Assignment1 Part2 Industrial Revolution Research Industrial Revolution Abstract The Industrial Revolution is famous for developing the industrial advantages that are common today. New inventions helped the textile factories grow and produce cloth. The steam engine was very important for making transportation faster and easier. Ships and railroad locomotives started using steam engines which made a significant change in transporting raw materials and finished products to sell. Building the ships and railroad trains used materials like iron and steel that were important and still are for modern manufacturing of many products. The social impacts from the Industrial ...

1. For designing a decision support system, Noreen Wasserman has to gather the entire available data regarding the operations system of Burlington from the existent reports, surveys, industry information about competition, field data from the company’s agents, or other employees working directly with the customers, from the customers themselves and also from the competitors. There are three important stakeholders that should be assessed in this case, for gathering the needed information for proposing an efficient decision support system: the internal stakeholders (employees), and the external ones: customers and competitors. Yet, just as important, the business partners represent a key stakeholder ...

An Unlikely Medium: Comparing Film and Reality in ‘Jesse James’

Criticism of movies based on history, such as Jesse James, raises an interesting point about the purpose of moviemaking. Those who panned the film for being “notorious for its historical inaccuracy” overlooked the entertainment factor, which, after all, overrides all other artistic considerations. Even a “historical” film such as Lawrence of Arabia, widely considered one of the finest movies ever made, is more concerned with adventure and exploring the chaos that can arise from the ambiguities of human morality than with a strictly linear recounting of events in the Middle East ...

1. Discuss the interactions of New Jersey politics with the national Progressive movement. In your answer, discuss specific aspects of reform/anti-reform initiatives.

The Progressive Movement of the United States was a major era for political reform that brought the United States into the 20th century. Local governments and states participating in this movement did so unofficially, but effectively, ousting corrupt officials and attempting to balance budgets, repair industry and purifying the government. New Jersey was no exception; a number of Progressive Era policies were enacted during that time, and the election of Woodrow Wilson, a prominent proponent of these Progressive policies and ...

In the history of American society, there were both gruesome and inhuman events and policies. There were times when people were not just denied of their human rights, but even of their human nature and inborn equality. Slavery and racial segregation are humiliating features of American history. Some might suggest that they should be forgotten and life should take its normal pace of democratic development. I think that by forgetting the gruesome past of the history, society is doomed to repeat it, and by rejecting the atmosphere people lived and died in, modern society is also forgetting sacrifices of ...

Between 1820 and 1924 there were several immigrant groups that moved to the United States of America. However, this essay is going to discuss on two of these immigrant groups, namely, the Chinese Americana and the Japanese Americans. First, we are going to discuss each of the immigrants separately before embarking on the differences and the similarities seen between these groups. In this discussion, it will be clear that the both the immigration of Japanese Americans and Chinese Americans had the same experience in terms of the reception as well as the segregation and denial of citizenship in America( ...

Elijah McCoy an American engineer, who lived between 1843 and 1929, is known for his important contribution concerning the design of railroad locomotives especially after the civil war. His ability to keep up with the dynamic designed of locomotives during the twentieth century enabled him to design lubricating systems that were in a position to be used in the steam engines of the time[ CITATION Hab70 \l 1033 ]. McCoy’s parents were responsible for his existence in Canada. His father; George McCoy had enlisted himself with the British force and fought in the 1837 rebellion, that was launched by ...

Introduction

Throughout history, Chinese people have been migrating to USA in search for greener passage. From 1826 to 1950, they were booking their passage on ships like occidental and oriental steamship company, and pacific mail Steamship Company to travel. The money that they required to fund their journey was mostly borrowed from family members, commercial lenders or district associations. The first Chinese people to arrive in Los Angeles were men, who specialized in manual work. Their work mainly included gardening, laundry, road builders or ranch work. The migration of Chinese people from china was localized and controlled through parts of ...

Some historians consider the industrialists of the late nineteenth century to be captains of industry while others argue they were robber barons. Be sure to discuss both sides of the argument when writing your paper.

Some historians consider industrialists of the late nineteenth century to be robber barons because many industrialists during this time were able to manipulate natural resources to their advantage, have unprecedented access to the government and destroy any competition in order to pave the way for monopolies. However, other historians consider industrialists of the nineteenth century to be captains of industry because the fortunes ...

The history of American economy has been a long battle since the time of the Gilded Age through the Progressive era and into the Great Crash or Depression of October 1929. During these years, from 1877 to 1929, class conflict was largely observed. The Gilded Age and the Great Crash were the notorious periods in which poverty and economic inequality skyrocketed reaching all-time highs in the American economy. The Gilded Age came at a time when there was widespread greed, corruption in the political systems, and speculative elements of the market. Of great interest is the absence of government restriction in ...

Just the same way as music plays a significant role in Native American culture, art has a very special place as well. Native Americans have traditionally used art as a way of expressing their culture for many years. Most of the art was created as a symbol such as eagle, bear, walrus, or people. On the other hand, the Victorian art depicts the cultural belief of the time about romance and beauty.

In native American art, basket weaving served as a very popular form of artwork that served two functions. Cornhusks and reeds were woven together to make complex baskets. The finished basket would ...

Regaining Southern Power: Comparing Whites in the South after the Civil War with the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s

It is common to hear people talk about the Civil War as a war that was fought to abolish slavery. It is cited as an example of American determination to bring freedom to all regardless of past wrongs. This narrative continues with the northern states-- the Union-- as the victor, and the eventual abolition of slavery. However, the American Civil War, its causes, and its eventual effects are much more complex than this narrative belies. After the American Civil War, there was a power struggle in the South; white Southerners used many tactics to regain power after the war officially ended. ...

Chinese began to arrive at the United States in 1850-s following the scent of a gold rush. At first coming by small parties, their numbers gradually increased each year. By 1870, 63,000 Chinese lived in the United States. Chinese lived predominantly in California, with largest populations in San-Francisco, Sacramento, and Stockton (Takaki). They were store-owners, professionals, farmers, but mainly low-paid wage workers. The life of Chinese was often filled with hardships and obstacles rendering them in unfavorable conditions, they had to struggle for their life in America. Chinese settlers were greeted and treated like equals in the first ...

Introduction

Stanley Park is a modern urban park that is located in Vancouver, Canada. It is currently the most beloved park and was the first to be established in Vancouver. It is designated as a national and historic site in Canada. This park is an oasis whose magnificence and green feature cannot go unmentioned. It is positioned in the middle of a greatly built landscape in the urban areas of Vancouver in Canada. Visitors who find an opportunity to visit the park explore over 400 hectare natural rain forest situated in the west coast. They also get to enjoy the view of water ...

(Insert Instructor) (Insert Course) (Insert Date) Horwitz, Tony. Midnight Rising: John Brown and the Raid That Sparked the Civil War. 2012. Years before the American Civil War (1861-1865), African Americans were considered property to the whites as per the slavery institution present at the time. Slavery in the northern states was however not the same as that in the southern states as the latter was vast with cotton plantations that depended on the free labor availed by black slaves. Therefore, the difference solely lay in the economic functions of the two states with the north ...

Norfolk Southern Railroad Company is a corporation that deals with the transportation in the Columbia. It serves more than 22 states in the District of Columbia and operating more than 20000 route mile. It provides rail carriers in the western part of the United States where it transports containers. Therefore, it provides efficient transportation of the products such as industrial and coal in the eastern part through rail carriers. The company has three main branches operating at the designated areas. The Norfolk and Western is one of the branches that were made in 1881. The second is the Southern ...

Vygotsky and Luria: Soviet Psychologists

Lev Vygotsky and Alexander Luria were two Soviet psychologists that were rejected their own country, and it was only in the 1970s when it began to be taken into account in the United States of America, mostly due to Cold War prejudices. Thus, their theory has not been so profoundly studied. Also, many researchers have questioned the authoritative nature of the available translations, which could be obscuring the comprehension of what these researchers were truly proposing, which is usually called cultural-historical psychology. This label, however, “does not reflect the genuine self-concept of the respective researchers. Rather, both designations originally ...