Essays on Rate Of Inflation

Introduction

Arabella Nuts and Confectionery is one of the UK’s finest confectionery, nuts and dried fruits company. The company produces a variety of Mediterranean, Middle East, and other international tastes. Arabella has been in existence for more than 20 years in which it has been serving exclusive and top-end stores and hotels in the UK (Arabella Nuts and Confectionery, 2017). The company operates majorly through its online channel. However, it also has physical shops within the Westfield Shopping Centers at both London Shepherd’s Bush and Stratford City. In light of this brief background of Arabella Nuts and Confectionery, ...

1. Overview of your organization and the industry in which it operates a. Include your strategic goals, vision, and mission and any brand values or ‘slogans’ that the organization uses internally/ externally The name of the company is Nutritious Food Company, operating in the foods and beverages industry. The company was established in the year 2005 and comprises of six branches located in six major towns of the State of American Arab Emirate. The objective of the company is to provide food and catering services, offering both traditional and modern foods. The company also offers catering services for occasions ...

Planned retirement age

I plan to retire at the age of 60 years. It is my hope that I shall have accumulated adequate resources to finance my post-retirement expenses. I also believe that I shall have done everything I have wished for in my career.

Retirement money

I will need about $641,000 for my retirement. This determination is based on my current and the expected salary as well as salary increases. The retirement fund requirement is also based on my current and expected expenditure. It also takes into consideration annual savings for retirement. I anticipate that my annual retirement expenditure will be about $ ...

Impact of dollarization in Ecuador, El Salvador, Panama, and Argentina

Introduction In the middle of the 90’s, different countries faced the financial crises. Some of these crises were severe and of vital importance. These crises majorly include “Tequila crisis”, East Asian crisis, the Brazilian crisis and the Mexican crisis and these hit the whole world leaving a devastating impact on the emerging markets of the world. These crises not only had an adverse effects on the related countries by which these are associated, but they also had affected the growing economy of the other countries. The emerging economies have suffered a serious setback as a result of the ...

Chapter 2: Literature Review

Introduction The chapter consists of all the relevant information that can be collected from past studies and are combined to present a clear view. It is the initial for determining the factors that can be used to synthesize the overall study through findings and discussion. The positivist approach is used to collect and summarize the information from the previous studies and determine the model that can be used to conduct a viable study. The positivist approach emphasizes all the relevant information regarding the topic that is to compare Islamic and Traditional banks using data envelopment analysis. The theoretical framework ...

The dynamics of the economy when the interest rates are at almost zero are a bit complicated, especially because the monetary policies have very little effect on the economy. However, the interplay between the fiscal and monetary policies will bring the economy to stabilization even though with great difficulty. Some of the factors at play bring a tradeoff between the success and failure of the possible policies. For example, the policies that will bring down the level of unemployment will tend to push up inflation. However, factors that will push the GDP upwards will also lower the rate of ...

INDICATORS:

Income level: High Income Population: 35.54 million (“Data” 2014) GDP at market prices (Current US$): $1.785 trillion (“Data” 2014).

GDP per capita (current US$):

$50,230.8 (“Data” 2014). GDP growth (annual %): 2.44 (“Data” 2014). FDI Inflows: $59.6 billion in 2014 (“Trade Policy Review” 5). FDI Outflows: $58.2 billion in 2014 (“Trade Policy Review” 5).

Balance of Payment:

Current account balance (BoP, current US $): (-) $ 37.47 billion (“Data” 2014). Current account balance (% of GDP): (-)2.1% (“Data” 2014). Import of goods and services (BoP, current US$) : $580.7 billion (“Data” 2014). Exports of goods and services (BoP, current US$) : $564.6 billion (“Data” 2014). ...

Consumer prices are changing over time due to the various factors. In order to compare the economic performance on the different levels it is necessary to establish the specific index pointing out the overall tendency of the changes. The Consumer Price Index is commonly used all over the world. That is why it is important to analyze the main principles of its application and identify this term in details. The ways of calculation of this index are slightly different in different countries. Therefore we shall thoroughly discuss the means of the comparison applied by national economies of different origin. ...

International finance

Question 1: Uses of the balance of payment data It is used in the recording of economic transactions of the residents of a particular country to the rest of the world within a given period. Current account shows the total net amount a particular country is earning if it’s in excess or spending when in shortage. It’s calculated by net income from exports fewer payments from the imports. While the capital account; deals with the recording of the ownership of the foreign assets. It involves the reserve account and loans and investments a country and the rest ...

(A case for a parent firm in a net oil exporting country with subsidiaries in a net importing country that has free market economy, politically stable, positive currency speculation and possibility of government defaulting on its debt)

Oil Prices and Exchange Rate

Oil price dynamics have a bearing on the ability of multinational to precisely model the future exchange rates. In most instances, in order to manage the foreign exchange rate risk that the firm is exposed in the international business arena, most multinational will hedge against the risks that are associated with exchange rate fluctuations. As a result, these multinationals minimize the possible ...

Business Cycle Case Study

Introduction Business cycle refers to the unsteadiness in business activities within a given economy over a given time. The business cycles are mainly characterized by periods of recession or expansion. During periods of expansion, the economy is experiencing growth, this is indicated by factors such as; increase in the rate of employment, increase in production processes within industries and increase in sales as well as incomes. The period of recession is when the economy is experiencing a contraction. Indicators of contraction in an economy are; unemployment, decrease in production processes and a decrease in sales and incomes.( Stock, pp ...

Part One

Part Two The International Monetary Fund (IMF) aims at providing loans to the nations in need as well as stabilizing the exchange rates. Among the roles of this organization include helping countries handle the economic crisis, promoting the stability of their exchange rates, and surveilling the economies. Greece, Iceland, Ukraine, and Hungary are among the numerous countries that the International Monetary Fund has given financial support during their difficult economic and financial times. Thus, this part of the paper explains the recovery process in each of these four countries. Greece has been experiencing economic challenges and financial difficulties for ...

Introduction

Unemployment in America has been a cause of great economic concern for the government and people of America. Measuring the correct unemployment rate depends on a number of factors, which need to be analyzed for taking policy decisions by the Fed and other government agencies. Summaries of three articles that appeared in the leading publications are given below in the attempt to shortlist the reasons behind the dwindling unemployment rate and the reasons behind the present economic condition that has made it difficult for the researchers and the government level stakeholders to predict the movement of the economy for ...

Inflation in Saudi Arabia

Inflation in Saudi Arabia

Introduction

The country of Saudi Arabia is counted as one of the world’s strongest economies, ranking 20th after the world’s most powerful nations as per the GDP ranking 2016. As per Saudi Arabia’s GDP, it ranks third in the world after China and India. The country has seen a stark growth in its economy as public debt declined in the past decade and the overall economic growth showed a positive step toward Saudi Arabia establishing itself as a prominent economic strength of the world. However like every other country in the world, Saudi ...

Modeling Exchange Rates

Oil price dynamics will have a bearing on the ability of multinational to precisely model the future exchange rates of the foreign exchange in the countries that they operate. In most instances, in order to manage the risk that the firm is exposed in the international business arena, especially on the foreign exchange rate, most multinational will hedge against the risks that are associated with fluctuations in the exchange rate thus minimizing the possible negative effect that a firm may experience (Jain, 2007). Therefore, in order to take a position in hedging facilities such as currency futures, the firm ...

Why do total leakages and total injections have to be equal?

Injections and leakages have to be equal because the total amount of money/income that is coming into a sector of the economy must be equal to the amount that leaves that sector so that a state of equilibrium can be achieved for the economy to function properly (Baumol & Blinder, 2008, p.125).

Discuss the limitations of national income accounting

The major limitation of national income accounting is that there are various economic activities that are not included in the national income accounting. These activities includes income from prostitution and black market. In addition, another limitation is that it ignores quality of life by focusing on how much money is ...

Chapter 1 Essay

In the first chapter entitled “The financial planning process”, an in-depth analysis of what personal finance is carried out. It focused on the some prime aspects which must be considered by anyone willing to manage their personal finance. These were; goal setting, budgeting and spending, saving and investing, buying and leasing, investing in the future, insurance and also focusing on career and employee benefits decisions. The chapter also discusses what a poor financial planning can do to a person; which includes making bad decisions, wastage of time, failing to accomplish the goals, be exposed to a scam, suffering from anxiety, or ...

Abstract

This paper has identified articles in www.munKNEE.com by, Lorimer Wilson. It has analyzed the same and presented out the findings. First it presents the general economic principles associated with the article; this is followed by identification of the macroeconomic indices which are also examined into details. A discussion of the indices is followed by possible decisions or forecast that could done under each scenarios.

According to www.munKNEE.com by Loimer, some of the general economic that would relate to the article include but not limited to; a) The Phillips curve; the higher the rate of unemployment the higher is the ...

Abstract

The paper dwells on general equilibrium theory by putting into perspective various critical issues. The origin of the concept of general equilibrium theory is illuminated dating back to neoclassical period. Moreover, various models such as Walras model of pricing and modern equilibrium model is also put into consideration. Finally, the importance and application of general equilibrium has also been discussed at length. General equilibrium theory refers to a concept modeled around theoretical economics. The modern general equilibrium takes into consideration three important interpretations which should be taken into consideration. The idea of general equilibrium theory cannot be complete when there ...

I think that Jeffery Sachs’shock therapy that was administered to several was successful for the improvements it made on the nations that undertook it. It helped manage price controls and reduce on unemployment. It was even more of a success because the process liberated the markets and eradicated hyperinflation. Sachs Jeffery an economist saw the falling economies of communist states and took it upon him to find means taking the economies back on their feet. Was Jeffery Sachs successful in his quest to heal nation’s economies through the shock therapy? Did the program bring good or harm ...

Analysis of the current macroeconomic situation

Macroeconomic analysis entails the study of the behavior of the aggregate economic phenomena that include economy growth rate, inflation, price levels, gross domestic product, national income and the unemployment levels. Currently, the utmost concern of the US government is on the high unemployment levels. Dating back from the great recession, the labour conditions have been deteriorating where the unemployment rates increased from 5% in the last quarter of 2007 to 10% in the final quarter of 2009 (Katz, 2014). In early 2012, the rate was at 8.3% but ended at 7.8 %, and the declining trend has been seen with ...

Introduction

Economy experiences macroeconomic fluctuations over time that affects economic growth. The aggregate output, consumption, investment, net export, and employment may tend to grow over time but then drop suddenly. Economists continue to discern the current condition of the economy and where it is heading so that they can effectively deal with future economic events. Macroeconomic fluctuations mainly involve changes that occur in the demand-side of the economy, which determine the gross domestic product. GDP= C+I+G+NX Gross domestic product is never constant, but change due to many reasons like changes in government policies mainly in ...

Chapter-1

Introduction When it is defined about economics, then it will be definite about the inflation and economic growth (Banerjee and Duflo, 2011). Economies are always in comparison with other economies in terms of enhancing their economic growth and minimizing the level of unemployment rate accordingly. Earning the money and consuming it in a perfect and best possible manner is a basic definition of economics, and economics are utilizing it in a better way. Apart from earning and consuming the money at a better place, economic development and economic management are some of the important aspects that associated with the long run efficacy ...

Monetary policy

Monetary policies denotes the actions taken by the central bank (Federal Reserve) in a bid to influence money availability in the economy with the aim of achieving the nation’s economic goals. Performance of the monetary policy mandate was given to the Fed when the Federal Reserve Act (1913) came into place. The tools used by the Fed to perform the monetary policy obligations include the reserve requirements, open market operations and the discount rate. In order to perform the roles effectively, they are divided in that the board of governors are charged with overseeing the reserve requirement while the ...

Kenya is located in Eastern Africa and is considered as the economic hub of the region. One of the most distinctive aspects of the nation is that it has a market-based economy that is accompanied by a very liberalized foreign trade policy. Kenya gained independence from the British in 1963 and since that time, the nation has experienced inconsistent economic growth (Bradshaw, 1988). In fact, during the early years after independence, the rate of economic growth for the nation was very high (6%).However, this rate decreased to about 4% for the following decades. Things particularly got bad for the country ...

Introduction

Starbucks initiated as a gourmet coffee roasting company that started in Seattle over forty years ago. The market at that time had been dominated by the brands that were marketed in the supermarkets that include Maxwell House and Folgers. At the time that Starbucks started its operations, the coffee consumption on a per capita basis was declining. In the decades of the 1980s and the 1990s, the higher quality coffee beans and the specialty coffee began to develop a niche of loyal followers. Starbucks was purchased by Howard Schultz in 1987. Schultz envisioned creating a coffee culture that was similar to the coffee ...

Taxes are in direct relation with the macro-economic operation of the state, in which, the revenue generated by the state is invested to ensure the smooth running of the administration; it also directly affects the micro-economic behavior of consumers/individuals/citizens as well as numerous public goods and services. Every action or policy pertaining to economic structure has a benefit or a drawback (Agliardi, 2001). People are influenced by incentives: will a particular product or a service satisfy their demand? How will it bring private benefits to them? Does the use of that particular product or a service has an overall positive/negative social cost? If the ...

[Class Title]

Executive Summary The University of Maryland is considered as one of the best public universities in the United States. However, the rising cost of tuition fees and other charges has placed public institutions in an awkward situation making it questionable if whether they can provide affordable and quality education in the face of the current economic hardships. Students, on the other hand, could not help but seek for various loans in order to make their way through college. For most families who are earning a median income, sending a single child in college would leave them financially unstable ...

The economic strain on the society makes higher education a dream for many students in today’s society. More often than not, parents have to shatter their children’s dreams because they are unable to afford tuition fees. Government scholarships or bursaries cannot meet the needs of the overall fees. In many instances, these government aided grants carry the weight of maintaining a high academic average, and students who need help cannot maintain such average. As a result, the students turn to various lending agency that offer loans at a high interest rate. However, with the current economic crisis, many parents and students ...

Answer 6(Spot rate and Forward Rate)

The spot rate is defined as the current exchange rate. On the other hand, a forward rate is the rate that is agreed by both the buyers and the sellers to be applied in the future in forward transactions. Currency movements do not affect the forward rate. The main relationship between the forward rate and the spot rate lies in the calculation of the rate. The forward rate is calculated by either adding or subtracting a premium or discount from the spot rate. The premium or discount arises as a result of the discrepancies between the interest rates of the two prime ...

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Introduction Unemployment is the presence of people in the country, forming part of the economically active population who are able and willing to work for hire, but can not find work. According to the International Labour Organization, people aged 10-72 years as unemployed if the critical week survey on employment it simultaneously: - do not have a job - looking for work - ready to start working The unemployment rate is a quantitative indicator that compares the unemployment rate for different population (for different countries or ...

Introduction and Thesis

The use of GDP as a measure if well-being remains one of the most equivocal topics of all times. In fact, this topic has generated varied interpretations across various settings all over the globe. Nonetheless, it is essential to note that even prominent economists such as Dr David Gruen, have reiterated the fact that GDP was not primarily intended for use in assessing well-being. As such, the persistent use of GDP to assess well-being is flawed and should be dealt away with. In a nutshell, GDP is not a correct measure of well-being as it does not directly belong to the necessary ...

Gross Domestic Product per Capita

This economic term refers to the overall national output of a country divided by the total number of people in the country. This is expressed in US dollars for every person for the year for which the data used is published. The gross national product per capita of Egypt has increased exponentially over the years since 1990. The graph below shows the data for gross domestic product per capita since the year 2004.

Economic growth

The economic growth of a country is measured through the consideration of many factors. The economy of a country also takes many forms inspired by the ideals of political ...

Introduction

This paper is based on the discussion of the article “Inflation and Debt’ by John Cochrane. In this paper, different concept presented in the paper will be presented and discussed. One of the concepts, discussed in the paper, is inflation. The central question related to inflation is the value of paper money. It is argued that the paper has money because the government accepts currency in the form of tax payments. The retailers and service provides charge money on their products and services because they are required to pay taxes (Barney, Dwayne, and Harvey pp. 97).

Summary of Articles

Money supply can ...

Foundation Course

Inflation in the United States Before the Second World War, the price level in the U.S. has been relatively stable, with the exception of episodes of hyperinflation associated with the financing of the U.S. War of Independence (1775-1783) and the Civil War (1861-1865). Typical were also periods of negative inflation (deflation) during the economic crisis, in particular 1840-x, 1870-x, the Great Depression. After the Second World War has been a steady increase in the price index. The period of significant inflation lasted from 1973 until the early 1980s. Usually it is associated with an oil embargo by OPEC countries. ...

GDP

- Y = C + I + (X - M)+ G

Where

Y= GDP C= Consumer Expenditure I= Investments X= Exports M= Imports G= Government expenditure Thus, Y= $1000+$200+$300+$200 Y= $1700 - If we increase our domestic energy production, it will help us to import less energy from foreign countries, thus decreasing the value of imports. This will increase the excess of exports over imports and thus increase the GDP of the country.

Inflation

- Rate of inflation= (Current CPI – Previous CPI)/Previous CPI * 100 Rate of inflation= (111-106)/106*100 = 4.717% ...

Introduction

During the Great depression of the 1930s, American workers demonstrated, picketed, rioted, and struck due to poor application of both economic and government policies in solving the problem. The policies applied were not very effective in solving the economic problem due to the economic imbalance in different sectors of the economy. It therefore contributed to the great depression taking a very long period because various economic forces led to its recurrence in various aspects of the economy. During the Great Recession of 2007-9, the workers quietly accepted massive layoffs and pay cuts because the economy status was relatively adaptive to ...

Introduction. 3

Expansionary monetary policy.3 Contractionary monetary policy3 Australian monetary policy3 Objectives of Australian monetary policy.4 Australian Monetary policy framework4 The decision process in monetary policy...5

Monetary policy implementation in Australia5

Transmission of Monetary policy to Australian economy.6 Conclusion .7 Introduction The monetary policy is a policy that is used by the monetary authority of a given country to control the money supply in the economy. This policy frequently targets a certain interest rate with an objective of promoting economic stability and growth in an economy. The official goals normally include relatively low unemployment and stable prices. This policy can either ...

Question one

The major factors that lead to the great depression of the America‘s economy is the crash of the stock market. At this is stage, the economy got a positive boost when most people engaged themselves in the investment in stock market since it was already getting a rise in the stock prices. The stock market at it early stage gain itself lots of popularity from all angle of the country. This is because the trend of increase in the stock price enticed more investor and people got a mentality that they could truly become richer through its investment. The profit ...

Introduction

The republic of Poland is a country that in Central Europe. This country is a member of the World Trade Organization, the United Nations, the European Union, NATO, European Economic Area, G6, and The Organization for Economic co-operation and Development, among other organizations. Thus, Poland being a member of all these organizations clearly shows that it is a country that is fully committed to its economic development and because of this there is a favourable environment for business activities. The business climate in this country is friendly as it is open to enterprises and people from the other nations whose aim is to conduct ...

Germany is a Federal country located in the Central part of the Western Europe. It is made up of sixteen states and its capital city is Berlin, which is also the largest city in the country. The country covers an area of approximately 137,847 square miles equivalent to 357,021 square kilometers and it is also the seventh largest country in Europe other than being at number sixty two among the largest countries in the world. The climate of this region is temperate seasonal with cold humid weather most of the time. The population of Germany is approximately 82 ...

With increased human interconnections and interactions, the world has become a global village. The current reality is that, students can enroll for either full-time or part-time learning in educational institutions miles away as compared to sometimes back when it was cumbersome and difficult. However, this arrangement is not easy as there are accompanying challenges. The key challenges that can be further analyzed are; the cost of tuition, education system, and homesickness.

Cost of Tuition

For those opting to pursue education abroad, they have to put into consideration the cost of tuition fees in comparison with their home country’s cost. The rate of ...

This essay looks at various issues relating to the Brazilian Real, including its relationship with other currencies and financial mechanisms designed to maintain stability for the currency. First of all, attention is focused on how the Real plan helped to combat hyperinflation from 1987 to 1997. During this 10 year period, Brazil saw a large part (40%) its Gross National Product (GNP) swallowed up by hyperinflation; thereby ensuring that only the basic essentials such as food and clothing were purchased, and cash or savings accounts were discarded due to the rapid decline in the purchasing power of the Real. ...

Question one

In the UK, reliable house price information is a very high priority both for the public and private organizations due to several reasons. The private bodies and organizations use the house price information to form strategies and plan how they will conduct their business in future. The umbrella body of the UK mortgage lenders, the Council of Mortgage Lenders, for example provides house price information to its members to help them prepare for the future. The public authorities usually ask for house price trends in the long run and short run to assess the macro and micro economic policies of ...

Introduction

Every segment of the American economy is under pressure and college education has not been left behind. The cost of college education has risen sharply in the recent past and a big percentage of American College students risk being left out of college education if the cost rises further. The increase in costs has come forth in spite of the excruciating cost-cutting done by colleges on every activity in the institutions. The increase in tuition fee actually outperformed the overall inflation rate.

The increase in cost of college education in US could eventually put college education out of reach for ...

Explain and illustrate using diagrams which factors influence a country’s level of exports and imports.

A countries exports and imports can be influenced by the balance between the price competitiveness and non price competitiveness.

Competitiveness can be explained as the price of exported goods to the countries in which the commodities have been exported to. This is majorly considered by the difference in the exchange currency. There has to be a balance between the currency of the country exporting goods and the country that will be receiving the exported goods. This will affect the price of that commodity in the ...

Introduction

An economic indicator refers is statistics which in most cases is issued by the government and indicates the growth and stability of the economy. Some of economic indicators include the gross domestic product (GDP), inflation rates, employment rates, consumer price index and changes in money supply among others. They apply in analyzing business conditions in a country.

Gross domestic product is the sum of all good and services produced within a country in a given fiscal year valued at the prevailing market prices. It can be measured using either income or expenditure approaches. Many governments use the GDP in estimating the economic ...

According to Karp (42) inflation and unemployment rates are indicators of how healthy an economy is. Inflation can measure the prices or value of the dollar, whether it rises or falls. Unemployment measures joblessness and it is said that employment (or unemployment) rates are the best way to tell if an economy is doing well.

Recent studies showed that the number of unemployed persons in the United States have reached up to 14.8 million. This was from a recent study, just last month, September 2010. It shows that the unemployment rate is at 9.6%, a 3.5% rise from September 2008, where ...