Tract Case Studies Samples For Students

A nurse in a nursing home care facility observed that there is an increasing incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) among its elderly residents. Most of those who got infected happened to be using catheters. Thinking that the UTI may be caused by catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), the nurse looked up the Internet to see if there are ways to minimize the incidence of CAUTI among the residents. The nurse discovered that CAUTI is one of the types of infections in long-term health care facilities that are most common (Nicolle, 2014; Matthews & Lancaster, 2011).
Fortunately, the nurse saw ...

Meadowbank TAFE

HLTAP501A/B/C Analyze Health Information
HLTCOM510B Provide Services to Clients with Chronic Disease or Conditions
PATHOLOGY ASSIGNMENT
–ASTHMA–
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic problem that influences lung function. Clinically asthma is identified by the variation in expiratory airflow and abnormal respiratory symptoms such as wheezing, chest congestion, cough, and shortness of breath. The aetiology of asthma is linked to a mixture of genetic and environmental factors, though; heredity or atopy also plays a role in asthma. Asthma is categorized into two types: extrinsic (allergic) and intrinsic (nonallergic). Allergic asthma is an outcome of the reaction of an antibody ...

The Digestive Tract

Part I: Parts of the Digestive Tract/System
Part II
Section A
The Mouth
The digestive tract starts at the mouth. This is the first step of digestion. When one takes the first bite, food begins the digestion process through chewing. Chewing breaks down the food into more soluble pieces. This also increases the surface area for which the digestive enzymes can work on the food in the latter stages of the digestion process.

Oesophagus

The oesophagus is located in the throat near the windpipe (trachea). This is the second stage of the digestion process. This part ...

I. General pathology information

A. Other Names

1. Urinary tract infection
2. Inflammatory disease of the kidney

B. Causes

1. Vesicoureteral reflux
2. Altered bladder function
3. Congenital urinary tract anomalies
4. Renal calculi
C. Incidence rates
1. In females, annual rates for outpatient treatment are 12-13 cases per 10,000.
2. In females, annual rates for inpatient treatments are 3-4 cases per 10,000.
3. Among males, outpatient annual rates are 2-3 cases per 10,000.
4. Among males, inpatient annual rates are 1-2 cases per 10,000.
5. Incidences are highest among young women, followed by infants and the
elderly.
D. Signs ...

Stone Formation in the Kidney/ Role of Citrate in the Kidneys

Kidney stones are calcified or solidified molecules taking place in the upper urinary tract and the kidney. Kidney stones are usually composed of calcium as oxalate, phosphate, or carbonate. Stone formation in the kidney happens when the amount of mineral salts in the urine becomes saturated, during which the mineral will automatically crystallize (Rao et al., 2011). Stone formation is further facilitated by increasing amount of calcium in urine and dehydration. High levels of calcium in urine can indicate kidney disorder, prolonged incapacitation, hyperthyroidism or overactive thyroid, excessive intake of milk or aluminum and vitamin D. Stone formation in ...

Haley is a 5-month old Caucasian female of Dr. Smith who is a direct admit from her pediatrician’s office for dehydration. Upon admission, her parents reported that her oral intake has decreased over the past few days. Haley’s medical history includes an uneventful pregnancy. She was born at 38 weeks with no complications. Health care providers should ask Haley’s parents how many wet diapers she has produced since they noticed her becoming ill, how Haley’s activity level has been, and if they have noticed any struggle breathing. It should also be assessed if Haley has ...

I. UNDERSTANDING THE DISEASE AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
1. How is acid produced and controlled within the gastrointestinal tract?
The production of acid occurs in the stomach by cells that are therein. The cells found in the stomach produce intrinsic factors and hydrochloric acid. There are chemical messengers that help during the activity. They are histamine, gastrin and acetylcholine. Gastrin helps in stimulating the cells to produce secretions when food enters the stomach. An enzyme somatostatin inhibits the secretions when needed. The digestion takes place in three phases; the cephalic phase, gastric phase and the intestinal phase. It is in the ...

This case study entitled “Airborne Infection Control Case Study: Bay Oaks” (n.d.) describes a rare success story in the fight against Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) or “superbugs” as they are sometimes called. This Miami assisted-living facility has virtually eliminated HAIs, using a system called Novaerus HAI Eradication Technology that filters and processes all the air within the building, including all common areas and the rooms occupied by the home’s residents. A typical resident in Bay Oaks is 84 years old and female, and the oldest resident is 102. A spokesperson noted that if a resident becomes ill and needs hospitalizing, they ...

Abstract

In this essay, a description of a non-pathogenic and of a pathogenic microorganism is made. As microbiology aims the study of the microscopic organism that inhabit the ecosystems, the understanding of what are the species present in the biosphere, what are the condition in which they live, what are their metabolic processes and products, and of how can these influence, positively and/or negatively other living forms, including humans, it is essential to study them to know how their caused illnesses be prevented, treated and, furthermore, how can possibly help the health welfare. As examples, the Lactobacillus casei and Clostridium botulinum species of ...

Introduction

Bronchiolitis is an infection in the lower tract of the respiratory system common amongst children. “The major cause of the infection is RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) accounting for over 90% of infections in Australian children and infants” (Lenney 2009, p. 36). Globally, it is a leading cause of infant hospitalization being associated with increasing morbidity rates and costs in recent decades. For instance, it was reported that 21% of infants in North America developed the disease in the first year of their life, with an annual cost of $390 million annually (Checchia 2008). In the UK, the infant death rate ...

Crohn’s Disease is a chronic condition grouped under Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) which causes inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract especially at the beginning of the colon and the end of the ileum. It can also affect the entire thickness of the bowel wall. This disease is usually manifested in symptoms such as: persistent diarrhoea, rectal bleeding, urgent need to move bowels, altered taste sensation, loss of appetite, sweating at nightime, fever, loss of appetite, sensation of incomplete evacuation of stool, constipation and in women, loss of normal menses (Greenstein p.400).
Apart from medication, the disease is also treated ...

Naso-duodenal tube feeding is recommended for hospitalized patients. This means that Sharyn does not need the assessment of the caretakers and the important home details. However, like any other patient, Sharyn needs to be psychologically prepared to the feeding method. Therefore, there will be need to establish an understanding between the hospital caregivers and Sharyn. This will include explaining to the patient everything concerning the procedure including the indication and contraindication. Hospitals will often provide the outlined procedure for the administration of the feeding method and this should be followed to the latter. According to the hospital procedure and ...

Liver is the largest ‘gland’ of the digestive system. It is located right under the dome of the diaphragm, coated by the capsule. It is distinguished the liver’s convex upper surface adjacent to the diaphragm, and a lower, downwardly facing and in contact with the back and abdominal organs. On the part of the upper surface of the liver it can be seen its right and left lobes, the boundary of which is the crescent liver ligament. To the lower surface of the right lobe there is a gallbladder, close to the deep groove of the liver there ...

Patient information

The patient under review is a 42 year old female Indian who is admitted into the emergency room presenting with acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Prior patient diagnosis reveals the patient had suffered from dental abscess and also a fractured tooth, which was subsequently treated with antibiotics. However, a tooth extraction procedure was carried out for the extraction of the tooth. Ensuing dental ache was treated with drugs purchased over the counter (OTC) including ibuprofen and acetaminophen before the medical prescription of Vicoprofen. The patient complains of nausea and headache in addition to vomiting copious amounts of a dark brown liquid ...

For this patient, there are two possibilities; on one hand she may be having tonsillitis and secondly there is the probability of pharyngitis. With tonsillitis, the primary infection is within the tonsils while with pharyngitis, the primarily within the throat. In this case, the patient’s subjective data implies that she developed a sore throat and is the primary reasons she has presented at the clinic as the symptoms have progressed from the sore throat to chilling and fever. Further, she admits to having had strep sore throat before and denies contact with any one with strep.
Evidently, owing ...

1) What blood test would you order and why? (1 point)
- Quantitative hCG blood test: measures serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin levels (US FDA, 2013)
- Above normal hCG values: determines if patient is having a normal pregnancy and the number of fetuses as well as gestational age, or if amenorrhea is due to hydatidiform mole, choriocarcinoma, or ovarian cancer (Ratcliffe et al., 2008; US FDA, 2013)
- Below normal hCG values: indicates ectopic pregnancy, fetal death, incomplete abortion, or threatened spontaneous abortion (US FDA, 2013)
2). What is her estimated date of confinement (EDC) ...

Abstract

Cancer is one of the most dreaded diseases of all time. It was considered as a disease that cannot be remedied except for the medical breakthroughs in the past half century. So deep is cancer’s fear that it instills depression in its sufferers as soon as its name is mentioned. However, thanks to medical breakthroughs it is curable and the media emphasizes on this night and day. What is cancer and how does it spread, what are its kinds and how it influences the society? An attempt has been made answer these questions in the following article.
Keywords: ...

Community Health Nurse

Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome in which there is either deficiency or absence of thyroid hormone in the body. This manifests as a decrease in the metabolic rate in the body, which is seen as a slowing in physical and mental activity in the body. (Orlander, 2013)
Thyroid function is controlled by two other organs, the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. A defect in function of any of these two organs can lead to hypothyroidism. Moreover, localized disease of the thyroid gland itself can also lead to hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is usually a primary pathology in which there is inability of the thyroid ...

The numerous small round objects found in the urine sample could be glucose and ketones. In urine, no or little glucose is found. However, in conditions of kidney damage and uncontrolled diabetes, glucose is evidenced in urine. Ketones develop in urine in cases where there is incomplete breakdown of fats. Ketones may also develop in cases where vomiting or diarrhea causes starvation. These small round objects may also be crystals from components such as calcium oxalate.

If the laboratory technician is not able to identify these small objects, the technician may suggest that the patient is suffering from diabetes ...