Essays on Econometrics

Abstract

Can female participation in the labor force contribute to economic growth? Is there a causal relationship between female participation in the labor force and economic growth? This paper addresses these questions using the vector error correction model. For this study, an annual time series data for the period 1970 to 2012 for the United States has been used. The results show that there exists a co-integration between female participation and GDP per capita, which is a proxy measure for economic development. The result does not support a two-way causality between the variables. However, a causality running from GDP per ...

Abstract

This dissertation formulates a research dissertation and strategy for a study into the impact of Islamic banking on the economic development of societies within which such banks operates. To this end, the research examines the major tools and impacts of Islamic banks on society by conducting a literature review. This is followed by the deduction of research questions and a hypothesis that will be used to form the parameters of the entire research. The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the relationship between the growth of Islamic banking worldwide and economic development of countries wherein this growth is ...

Crude Oil Prices: Market Supply and Market Demand

Abstract The primary purpose of this paper is to understand how supply and demand factors contribute to a consistent decline in crude oil prices across the globe. Furthermore, the paper seeks to understand the impact resulting from the fall in the U.S and the global economy and implications of the same. In the introduction, the paper starts by acknowledging the importance of crude oil to the world economy and the fact that it is an ordinary commodity whose price is influenced by the market forces. Oil prices are renowned for their instability in the market, an aspect that is ...

Measuring Campaign Effectiveness

The importance of proper coordination between the sales and marketing functions of any organization is a matter whose importance cannot be overemphasized. Although both functions are geared towards maximizing sales and profits, improper coordination often leads to wastage of resources as the sales agents chase leads of low quality, delay the follow-up of leads or dedicate insufficient selling effort towards high potential leads generated by the marketing team. The selling units, on the other hand, more often accuse the marketing team of generating low-quality leads. This situation necessitates the need for an Integrated Marketing Communications Framework (Clow & Baak 2004). ...

Consumption Expenditure and Gasoline Price

An Application of Regression Technique Introduction Econometrics is a subject that applies statistical tools to analyze economic data. We study relationships between economic variables or interpret economic phenomenon through econometric analysis of the relevant data. Regression is a tool of econometrics. Regression analysis is done to establish the relationship between two or more variables. This statistical analysis helps us to find whether there is any significant statistical relationship between two variables. More specifically, it tells us how a variable is affected by other variables. When we want to understand the impact of one variable on the other we use ...

Introduction

A firm has to make constant endeavor to stay profitable in the market in the long term. It has to be well informed about the market structure, demand pattern, consumer choices etc. It also has to constantly carry on research and development to innovate new products to maintain a high market power. In this analysis we demonstrate how a firm utilizes market survey information to frame its pricing policy and also decide on the quantity to be supplied. We also get important ideas about advertisement policies of the firm. We consider a firm that produces low-calories frozen food. The ...

Introduction

The sign of a successful firm is the constant endeavor that it makes to expand and enhance. To remain profitable and expand its operations a firm has to be well informed about the market conditions. It is important to collect and analyze market information to take strategic decisions. The firm utilizes information on the demand conditions, the activities of the close competitors, government policies, technological and product innovations and such others to frame its policies from time to time. The firm also uses the information to estimate future costs and benefits of the long term changes which helps it ...

Introduction

The managerial team of a firm has the important task of taking policy decision for the firm in the present and make planning for the future. The managers have be well informed about the market trends. All the information about demand, market structure, strategies taken by the competitors as well as production related information technological innovations, the firm’s own production technique help the managers to decide upon the profit maximizing level of output and price. The policies adopted by the government also affect the firms and the firm has to adjust its operations accordingly. The firm also has ...

ABSTRACT

The aim of this dissertation is mainly to analyzethe risk in the New York Stock Exchange using Statistical aspects and the computation of Value at Risk. The technique of Value at Risk or Value at Risk (VaR) is a methodology to standardize the calculation of the various risks that occur in a business e.g. banks, stock exchanges and corporations. The risk is defined as the probability of obtaining a result different than expected, the factors that will depend on the position of the entity, the risk factor under consideration and the time of calculation. Thus, the VaR seeks to establish quantitatively the ...

Part 1: Supply and Demand

Event 1: With the rise in the average income, the demand curve will shift to the right from DH1 to DH2 as demand increases for each price level. The purchasing power of the consumers increases, so that they can buy more at the same price level. The supply remains the same. The new equilibrium will be at the point A.

Event 2: A fall in population will lead to a left ward shift in the demand curve from DH1 to DH3 as demand decreases. The quantity demanded will fall for each price level as the number of consumers is reduced. ...

1. Divergent Thinking for Convergent Futures

Future is something that no one can predict with accuracy, even remotely. Businesses have a method of developing over time and expanding as well as contracting depending on the market situation, demand and technology changes. One the ways that have a scientific basis on predicting and preparing for the future is scenario spinning – method by which different future scenarios are painted along with the probability of their occurrence and then preparing for the future!

While indulging in scenario spinning it is vital to make them as divergent as possible, and this is where the ...

Abstract

In this paper we will show how the basic tools of statistics and probability theory are applied to a real world problem. The purpose of the assignment is to predict the price of Bitcoin based on the gathered data. The research is based on a multiple regression analysis. There are several models are developed and the best is chosen as a result.

Introduction

In 2009, someone using the pen-name Satoshi Nakamoto published a paper titled “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System”. The goal of this new peer-to-peer(“P2P”) system was to help solve the problems of double spending and trust present in standard electronic ...

Article Review on Financial Econometrics

Cambridge University Article Review on Financial Econometrics For the article review assignment, I have chosen the article ‘Inflation and Real Stock Returns Revisited’ by Shu-Chin Lin, published in the refereed journal Economic Inquiry in 2009. The article addresses the topic of relationship between real stock returns and inflation, aiming to obtain the empirical evidence of the effect of different dimensions of inflation (including anticipated inflation, unexpected inflation, and inflation uncertainty) on the real stock returns. The motivation for the study arises from the inconsistencies between the generalized Fisher hypothesis and the empirical findings of the previous ...

Introduction

Education is the development of the individual’s mind, body and soul. The aim of education is thus increasing the mental ability through knowledge, understanding and analysis, improving the physical standards through a regimen of exercise and above all the spiritual uplift of the soul through the inculcation of good values. The importance of physical activities and sports is recognized well at the school level. Sports are believed to prepare an alert mind and also enhance the power of the brain. It is a general belief that in higher education physical training and sports is not all that important. At this ...

Dear Sir,

I have always aspired to gain expertise in professional economics. The master’s degree in economics is applicable to many fields and will help me in experiencing the value of financial flow. My purpose in applying for this MSc Economics program is two-fold. First, I want to strengthen my knowledge in Economics and my ability to apply econometrics to answer policy questions and assist in formulating policy responses. For this, the Econometrics Methods and Applied Econometrics modules will be very useful; the application methodology of the course suits my requirements. Second, I want to deepen my understanding and knowledge ...

Economic Motivation

The economic motivation of doing research in particular area of energy sector and its implications on economy of the state lies in its ability to develop fruitful and deep insights regarding different aspects of energy products. The underlying purpose of the report is to understand the impact of oil exploration and development of energy sector on unemployment rate. As it is obvious that unemployment is reduced when developments take place in the country and the opportunities are created (Huerta, 1998). There are many benefits of having a stable economy because that is a very important factor for the development of the ...

Project management software has the ability to help in the management of resource pools, help in planning, help in the organization and develop resource estimates. Relying on the refinement of the product, it can oversee planning and estimation, collaboration software, scheduling, expense control and budget management, resource allocation, decision-making, communication quality management and documentation. Today, various PC & program based project management software subsist and they are discovering their path into practically every kind of business. Therefore, this paper will examine SAS (Statistical Analysis System) as useful project management software for QPM Company. This paper will also provide a brief description ...

Introduction

The field of finance is a broad one and it applies with different aspects in particular. It is required to apply numerous concepts that come under the ambit of financial management and accounting based stances. Among these concepts, the name of Cost of Capital is one of them Organizations use different analytical methods to analyze the cost of capital in particular and among these methods the name of Pure Play Method (PPM) is one of them, which has its own significance and importance lies in a broad nutshell. The main theme of this assignment is to analyze the Cost of ...

Abstract

Econometrics analysis is crucial in developing models that are useful in estimating economic variables. However, development of suitable models is crucial in ensuring that their forecasts are accurate. That involves applying suitable model estimation techniques as well as testing for the estimated parameters’ significance. This study applies multiple regressions to analyze the determinants’ of CPI in United Arab Emirates considering the economy’s data for 30 years with an objective of establishing those factors that have a significant effect on CPI. In that respect, the study analyzes five variables including GDP per capita growth (annual %), Money and Quasi money (M2) ...

The death penalty also known professionally as capital punishment is where one is put to death by the state after being found guilty of a heinous crime. Its existence can be traced back to the eighteenth century in the code of King Hammurabi (Strieb 24). During the colonial times, the death penalty was approved in most constitutions. The common methods used included hanging or mutilation of the head. These methods were thought of as slower, torturous and ineffective. Consequently and with industrialisation, these methods were improvised to include electrocution and the use of lethal drugs. The main aim of a ...

There is no doubt that Amherst functions as a private health care institution. Speculations advanced by this literature review points toward unfolding the extent it is a private institution. This researcher’s assumption is that the extent to which Amherst is classified a private health care institution depends on an assessment concerning risks and returns exploring concepts pertaining to operations, performance, and talent.

The London School of Economics researchers confirmed that there were distinct factors relating management practices to outcomes as it pertains to financial returns in any health care institution (Dorgan et.al, 2009).Therefore, the ability to integrate risk and return ...

Abstract Shelter is one of the basic human necessities. Provision of decent-quality and affordable housing is one challenge that various authorities have been faced with, and Sheffield is not left behind. Though she has surpassed her average annual housing needs, Sheffield is still struggling to mitigate housing problems. This research project reviews the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) in Sheffield’s housing and how education level affects the adoption of GIS in affordable housing initiatives. In order to achieve this objective, the current state of Sheffield’s housing is exhaustively considered. Using the boundary data from EDINA ...