Essays on Ice Age

A visual expression of human imagination or skills through painting or sculptures that are used to convey an idea is considered art. Every form of art can be explained to be a creation of materials, themes and results. As a product of its context, art involves the reflection of culture and time. The individuals and diverse people value these contexts, by which both have different notions of its significance depending on what they deem to be an aesthetic value to their culture. This essay is going to discuss how art is used to portray power, lamentation, and dependency on ...

Global warming and climate change are two different terms that have been used over the years to describe different phenomena. Global warming refers to a subsequent increase in the global average temperature (Black & Weisel 5). On the other hand, climate change refers to global climate changes due to increasing average global temperatures brought by changes in rain patterns, increased drought and heat waves. These future projections in the change of global rainfall patterns can be derived from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports over the years. The argument that the use of term global warming has been ...

Introduction

There are a number of ways by which the media forms communicate with their audience and tend to convey the underlying themes and ideas using them. Specifically, in the case of films, the use of visual content, sound, construction of a shot and it’s editing, performance, recording, etc. It is obvious that an effective use of visuals aided by supporting multimedia always results in a deeper impact on the audience as the visual has a deeper response generation from the brain. This concept, when strategically used in the making of films results in tremendous changes in terms of ...

NATIONAL PARKS

National Parks Introduction Acadia National Park The Acadia National Park is federal parkland located in New England, United States. This national park is made up of mountains, lakes, woodlands, ocean shoreline and so forth. It also includes a small island located to the southwest of Mount Desert Island, and parts of Baker Island, also nearby. This makes up much of the Isle au Haut. A part of the Schoodic Peninsula situated on the mainland of Maine is also included in this park. The national park is the first to be established in the East of the Mississippi River and ...

Chemical Weathering

Chemical weathering in the mid-latitudes is the process where rocks are weakened and disintegrated by chemical reactions that occur in the soil. Some of the chemical reactions that cause chemical weathering are oxidation, carbonation, and hydrolysis. These processes are involved in either forming or destroying minerals and therefore altering the nature of the mineral composition of the rocks. The process of chemical weathering on rocks characterizes the second stage of rock disintegration. The first process occurs during physical weathering and it involves disintegrating rocks into small pieces which are further broken into smaller pieces by chemical weathering. The most ...

List of Figures

Figure 1. Class notes 4 Figure 2. (Earthobservatory.nasa.gov, 2016) 7 Figure 3. (Earthobservatory.nasa.gov, 2016) 8

Introduction

Seasons are caused by tilting of the earth around its navigational plane known as the orbit around the sun. Climate change involves the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere. When the earth is in the Southern and Northern hemisphere means that the season is at summer. Changes in the tilt of the earth lead to changes in the severity of the seasons, for example when there is more tilt leads to more severe seasons including warmer summers and colder winter and when the tilt ...

Analysis and Comparison of two Climate Change films: “The Day After Tomorrow” and “Beasts of the Southern Wild”

“The Day After Tomorrow (TDAT)” refers to an American climate change film that was directed by Emmerich Roland in 2004. The film focuses on the disasters caused by global warming. “The contest over global warming is a challenge for the referee because it's a tag-team match, a real free-for-all” (Al Gore, 2011 p.2).In the movie, the weather scientist Dennis Quaid tries to warn people on the issue of climate change, but he fails. Quaid finds themselves horrified after finding out that all their predictions about global warming were coming true faster than they could imagine. According to the ...

The paper, New studies deepen concerns about a climate-change ‘wild card’ by Joby Warrick discusses how new studies could indicate the slowing or complete shut-down of the Atlantic ocean’s currents. Because of the massive area that water possesses on Earth (Around 70%), the world’s oceans are detrimental to the survival of not only human beings, but all life. Research was conducted by several teams of scientists who studied how the rapid melting of Arctic ice could impact the Atlantic ocean. Important tools like computers and modeling were used in order to estimate and predict how the Atlantic ...

Chapter 1. Introduction

Mayan civilization along with the ancient farmer cultures of Mexico comprise what is now called "Mesoamerica." This cultures were divided from the rest of American nations and possessed own solar calendar, ball game, excessive knowledge of astronomy, and used chocolate beans as money. Geographic setting of Mexico is very versatile and uncommon. Almost all climatic zones can be found here from mountain valleys and snows to desert wastelands.

The lowlands constitute narrow strips along the coasts. Generally poor soils were becoming productive during the flood season. While seasons were strongly marked and most of the trees lost their leaves ...

How did the bison survive the Ice Age and come to populate the Great Plains in such great numbers?

The ice age period realized much of the Earth’s water freezing into glaciers, lowering sea level while at the same time leaving dry land in places once known to have shallow channels that separated land masses. In order to survive this period the bison traversed the plains of North America in search of safer grounds. In addition to this, the bison’s reproduction at rate that was considerably high served to guarantee its survival even in the face of difficult times in which many other animals died. Which of the bison kill sites presented in your reading ...

Global warming is a problem that is actively discussed nowadays. Very often new hypotheses appear about its impact on the Earth and human beings. At first, we need to classify the information available, to create a clear understanding of global warming effect on our planet. Global warming is the increase in the medium annual temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans, because of much variety of reasons (increasing the concentration of gases in the Earth's atmosphere, solar variability or volcanic activity, etc.) (Haugen 14). Sometimes we use definition "greenhouse effect", but there is some differences between this two concepts. Greenhouse ...

Introduction

Science fiction and disaster films often must take dramatic liberties with science and truth in order to serve a greater narrative purpose; events are compressed, effects are exaggerated, and realism and physics are thrown out the window in order to provide greater drama and spectacle (Revkin, 2004). In the movie The Day After Tomorrow, directed by Roland Emmerich in 2004, the world is subjected to global disasters brought about by climate change. The effects are myriad; global cooling sets New York in a coating of ice and freezing temperatures, glaciers crack and separate, and a “superstorm” is said to cause rapid climate ...

Introduction

Japan has stood significantly as one of the most powerful nations in contemporary times, particularly due to its strong political and economic foundations and technological advancements that have since led it to become a strong innovator. Although Japan took only less than three decades to rebuild itself following the devastation brought by its defeat in the Second World War, one could not simply ignore the fact that it has also went through a vast series of historical maladies and errors (Mason & Caiger 361-374). The intriguing circumstances behind the formation of Japan as one of the most politically and economically powerful nations in ...

Introduction

The human species are claimed to have existed for hundreds of thousands of years. According to history, years ago people used to be nomadic pastoralist who moved from one place to another thus did not have a permanent home. A transition occurred, which caused the people to change their nomadic lifestyle where they used to hunt and gather fruits and began doing agriculture. This transition caused them to change and start staying in one place. The transition from the old ways of nomadic movement to the point where the people are actually staying in one place is what is described ...

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The Sun has been with us for 4 billion years, and is the nearest star to the Earth. The Sun is comprised of about 74% of hydrogen, 25% of helium, and 1% of other elements. The surface of the Sun has a temperature of about 5800 K. The core of the Sun has a temperature ranging from 10 – 15 million Kelvin. This temperature range is high enough to activate nuclear fusion within the Sun. Here, four protons will fuse together to obtain a helium nucleus containing two protons and two neutrons via a proton-proton chain. The core of the ...

The Native Americans that can be found in North America have their myths explaining how they were created and the reason as to why they occupy certain regions in America. Moreover, these myths are seen to be very different from each other and have different concepts and ideologies. The reason as to why there is no unified body associated with the mythologies is due to the different tribal groups that make up the Native Americans (Birrell, 1993). The tribes have their own creation stories in relation to how the world came into being, the appearance of people, and the ...

Introduction

Throughout the years, man has developed different ways of producing food in his plate. The earliest way of man to survive is to hunt and gather for his food. Some societies like the Arctic Inuit hunts animals for their meat, while others like the Kung of Southern Africa forages lands for plants. At such early times, they were able to identify between edible and poisonous ones from experience (Chauhan, 2012). As man settles to form villages, they also learned to domesticate animals and plants. There were stories that surrounds the discovery how planting of seeds and growth of ...

Part 1 Video Critique

The video chosen for the critique is a video showing the discovery of wooly mammoth carcass in Siberia by scientists (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7GQKWQ1t9r0). The wooly mammoth was a big, shaggy and tusked elephant like animal that lived in the ice age period. The animal belongs to the mammoth species which is the common name for the elephant genus Mammuthus which is now extinct. A catastrophic weather event, climate change, disease and human activities may have wiped out these huge shaggy beasts. They lived in Asia, Europe, Africa and North America during the ice age period. The last mammoths may have lived around 1700 ...

Introduction

Beginning with stone tools to the current high-tech communication devices, human beings have made countless innovations throughout history. The people who lived during the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods invented many things. This paper presents a discussion of the course readings on the Paleolithic people during the Ice Age, the early Neolithic farming methods, and the society during the New World era.

Part 1

The people of the Upper Paleolithic period formed the first part of the discussion in part one of the course. The period began about 2 million years ago and ended about 10,000 years ago. This period is also ...

Introduction

The Upper Paleolithic is the last division of the Old Stone Age as it is known by archaeologists. It existed between 50000 and 10000 years ago. A period marks the beginning of the behavioral modernity as well as before the initiation of agriculture. Specifically, the Upper Paleolithic term represents the period in Europe. Stone tools were most common at the time with the 50000 years marking the increase in diversity of artifacts. At the time, there were extensive advances in the social, technological, and cultural activities in Europe (Bar-Yosef 364). The ability of human beings to make decisions resulted ...

Exam 1

Essay 1:

The Ice Age, or Pleistocene age, as indicated by Professor Smiley's (Lecture 1 pg. 2), started two million years back, and lasted until only 10,000 years ago. The Ice Age was an icy cold period, yet the ice sheets were withdrawing four times during the period. Additionally, "there were four real cold periods, in the course over the last two million years" (Smiley Lecture 1 pg. 2). The Notwithstanding, scientist still do not generally realize what were the causes of this frigid period, however it was realized that the sun drives our atmosphere. Around 18, ...

The hydrological cycle refers to the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the earth. It mainly involves the processes of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, percolation, interception and runoff/overland flows. The main source of energy that drives the cycle is solar energy and therefore the main changes in energy involve changes in temperature. When surface water is heated, it gains energy and changes from liquid state to gaseous state. This results in a cooling effect to the surrounding region (Arctic Climatology and Meteorology) Transpiration also contributes in adding water vapor in the atmosphere; this is referred ...

Self-inflicted Detriment of Early Jamestown

The discovery of Jamestown for the second time was by the English colonists on May 13, 1607. This land had already been discovered by the Native American Indians who had been to the town before. This is one of the reasons why for the tensions that made the Jamestown the historical icon it is today. This research paper will consider the discovery of this town and the days after. It will also consider the critical thinking questions to help enhance our understanding of the self-inflicted detriment of early Jamestown. We will look at this topic from the colonialist’s ...

Fagan, Brian. The Little Ice Age: How Climate Made History 1300-1850. 1st ed. New York: Basic Books, 2001. Print. In The Little Ice Age, Brian Fagan, who an archeology professor at the University of California, argues that a chill was developed by the climate of the Earth, eight centuries ago, and it sent “rippling” effects through Europe over 500 significant years of history. Those events are deeply important because they helped shape the modern world, but are easily ignored in terms of the unparalleled global warming today. However, at the same time, an example is provided by them while ...

Global Warming Myth

Global warming is one of the biggest threats facing humanity and it is vital to understand its history and the pieces of evidence that will support the theory (Maslin 17). Global warming has been in existence for more than one hundred years but it was only during the late 1980s that it has been taken seriously as a world issue. The delay in recognizing global warming threat is due to the power of the global average temperature data. The temperature can be determined by taking into account the land-air and sea-surface temperature. It was during 1940s to 1970s that the ...

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Global cooling is a process of gradual cooling of the Earth. Hypothesis, which postulates a global cooling of the Earth's surface and its atmosphere until its glaciation. Hypothesis never had significant scientific support, but in its favor say some publications in scientific and popular scientific press about the cyclical ice ages and the trend decline in average temperature, observed from the 1940s to the 1970s. Now more common in academic circles is the hypothesis of global warming is increasing the earth's temperature, due to man-made human activities. According to ...

Global warming is real and represents a danger to the planet

Global warming has remained to be a hot topic for debate since the discovery of its impact in the environment since the 1970s. The argument between the skeptics and the supporters of climate change reduction and global warming continues to argue regarding its impact and possible consequences to the entire planet. Skeptics believe that the talk about global warming should not be given enough attention because it is not true and there have been studies that claim that the globe is actually cooling down. However, the skeptics could not deny that the studies showcasing the impact of global warming and ...

The Hydrologic Cycle

The global hydrologic cycle involves the change of water between three states. Water can be gaseous, like humidity in the atmosphere and the condensation in clouds, liquid as in our lakes, rivers, and oceans, or solid as in our ice caps and glaciers. Water is very complex and energy is required for it to change between the different states. Without water, biologic life could not exist. Evaporation and transpiration return water from the liquid state into the gaseous state. It takes a lot of energy to effect this change in state. Approximately 600 calories per gram of water is ...

Abstract

Global sea levels have fluctuated during the earth’s long history, falling during the ice ages and rising during periods of global warming. The most recent ice age occurred more than 10,000 years ago. Over the last few decades, we have experienced global warming, which has been aggravated by the effects of global warming resulting into excess gases that trap heat in the atmosphere. Records on rise in sea level for the last 100 years indicate an average rise of one to two inches every 25 years and the figure is increasing. The rising sea level will have ...

Man and Global Warming

Each year, a person creates their own carbon print from the time he wakes up and to the activities he does before sleeping. These carbon prints would be then multiply to match the entire population of the globe, and it doubles with the amount of carbon emissions from all nations. Adding these numbers, one could easily estimate that it is the same amount of pollution that causes the problem of global warming today. Many experts have argued as to what actually induced global warming, from the arguments it is a natural occurrence, to the fact that it is influenced by man’ ...

Anthropogenic Global Warming: Man’s Influence in the Environment

Since the Industrial Revolution, scientists are beginning to be aware as to the changing temperatures the Earth, which is now causing several consequences in the planet’s weather systems and the natural balance of the environment. The studies indicated a high increase in carbon dioxide emissions, influencing the increasing temperatures and the subsequent natural calamities that are now violent and destructive similar to nuclear and atomic weaponry. Resources, formerly rich and thriving, are now becoming scarce in various regions and people and animals alike are left with lesser supplies of food and water. Scientists have pointed out that man’s ...

Background

In a recent documentary published by National Geographic about the trails of the DNA, particularly in Africa, a lot of facts and correlations between races were discovered. The documentary focused on three races: the Africans, Europeans and the Asians. The researchers theorized that majority of humans in this planet have African origins, at least by looking at their mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome structures. This paper will focus on the different aspects of DNA; what is a DNA and why its journey is such a good one to follow.

Basic Information about DNAs

DNA is a type of nucleic acid located inside cells of living organisms. It is a ...

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Synthesis Paper

Global Warming: Facts & Myths

“The publicly available knowledge and information on global warming is both complex and marred by misinformation. Spin-doctors and political interest groups have hijacked sound science and appropriated it into a tool to galvanize support from environmental groups and the public” (Muller 259). The US economy, as well as modern civilization, was founded on abundant and cheap fossil fuels, and with a little luck, the global supplies will last several hundred more years. Additionally, the United States has even more natural gas and coal supplies available, despite their possibly detrimental effects on the environment. With massive amounts ...

The massive pyramids of Giza:

Question 1 options:

Were the only pyramids ever built in ancient Egypt, and likely their construction was so expensive that it led to the collapse of the Egyptian state

Were the invention of King Tutenkamen, and contained the wealthiest burials ever excavated by archaeologists

Can trace their architectural development from earlier stepped pyramids of Djoser and earlier mastaba morturary architecture

Were built entirely of mud brick and mortar by Egyptian slaves

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Question 2 (2 points)

Domestication and the transition to agriculture happened as an independent event:

Question 2 options:

simultaneously at the end of the ice age in 5 different parts of the ...

In the world over the years, various ages have come and gone. Some ages don’t go but stay with us for along time. Those that go become history, but the ages that persist form part of our daily life. In the history of our world, various ages have come and others have come and gone. We have read in the history books about the ice age, the Iron Age when mankind used iron in making his tools and so on. Over along time now, we have been characterized by changes in technology and fast movement of information. This ...

Introduction

The term Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to a technology whereby intelligent agents are studied and created (Poole and Mackworth 9). In this case an intelligent agent is a structure that senses its surroundings and acts in such a manner as to maximise its chances of success. The origin of AI was in 1956 where John McCarthy described it as a science of creating thinking machines (intelligent machines). The technology comprises of eight different areas that are currently researched on and are wide in their own rights. The fields are: expert systems; decision support and planning; speech recognition; natural language processing; computer aided instruction; ...

Some current Proposed policies

When trying to solve this aspect of the environment, there are two issues that are being tackled, there is the environment and the policy that can be implemented to safeguard it. The environment is understood as the ecosystem. Most of the policies that have been enacted are to address issues that are affecting the ecosystem negatively. Some of the environmental policies that have been proposed include: The incorporation of environmental principles into decision making processes by bearing in mind the environmental consequences of their proposed actions and the possible alternatives that might replace those actions that have been ...