Essays on Cicero

Demographic aging refers to the shift of the age structure or age distribution of a population as the population moves towards older ages. The effect of demographic aging is a decline in fertility transition, reduced mortality rate of older persons, increased dependency ratio and a shrinking labor force. Historians see a great divide between the traditional and modern view of aging. In traditional societies, families maintained closer ties for their entire lives. Besides, the people kept childhood friendships active as they moved into old age and community members integrated. Cultural values entrenched a strong respect for the elderly, which ...

The Late Republic the period following the rise of the Gracchi was known largely as a time period where chaos, disorder and the breakdown of tradition conspired to break down the Roman state that had functioned largely harmoniously since the end of the conflict of the orders and especially during the Middle Republic a time period ruled by the crisis of the Punic Wars. The Roman state and its Constitution were ruled not by any set of written down laws, but by tradition and the power of prestige.  The Late republic was marked for a general breakdown of this ...

Abstract

This paper is a wiki page entry on rhetorical theory and concept. The introduction provides the definition of the concept rhetoric by two scholars - Aristotle and Kenneth Burke. According to the scholars, rhetoric is an art of communicating effectively by persuading the audience. Aristotle, the proponent of the concept, highlights three important elements that should be present for rhetoric. These elements are identified as ethos, logos, and Pathos. The entry further presents the history of the concept by looking at the different views of the concept of the ancient Greek philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle, and Socrates. The ...

Italian scholars attending the one American university “Chairs of Wisdom” have presented different volumes of nostalgic stories that reflect the history and the events of ancient histories of Italy. One of these scholars has had a great success with his book on the popular stories that have interested readers around the world. Michael Parenti is one of the renegade Italian American scholars whose works have caused much controversy in the literary world. He writes of the spell-binding moments of history and the popular illusions of the reality of the events that happened in the social history of ancient. The ‘ ...

Chaplain Captain Career Course

Hybrid Phase 1 The Theory of Just War Angel L. Berrios Soto Cano Air Base, Honduras The Just War Theory Presenting the Issue ISIS War is Hell Theological Issues Genesis Man’s Bad Choice New Insights Evil and War Seven Rules Possible Solutions Killing – A Necessary Action Purpose of a Military In a periodical entitled, A Killing Mind: Understanding the Psychological Effects of Combat, Dave Grossman writes, “Killing is what we do in the military. We don’t want to kill anyone. We want our enemies to not commit terrorist acts. We want them to not commit criminal acts ...

After Caesar's assassination, there was a sharp polarization of political forces in the Roman Empire. Roman society was divided into supporters of the traditional devices of Republicans and supporters of Caesar's program. Cicero, Brutus, and Cassius led Republican Party. Caesar’s close associates led the party of supporters of his program - Mark Antony and Emil Lepidus official deputy of the dictator. Soon 19-year-old Caesar's heir, Gaius Octavius has joined them (Duducu). On the testament of Caesar, he was adopted and, according to the ancient Roman tradition, received a new name Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus. Moreover, he inherited a ...

Punic Wars are series of wars in the III-II centuries BC between Rome and Carthage for the influence over the Mediterranean Sea. It has ended by complete victory of Rome and the destruction of Carthage State. By the mid-260's BC Roman Republic finally took control of the Apennine Peninsula. Further expansion of Roman Republic has made it inevitable war with the Carthage the a powerful state in the North Africa that has controlled a large territory of Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica and major sea routes in the western Mediterranean. Relations between Rome and Carthage for a long have been friendly. ...

Passion is a strong and powerful emotion that drives us to further achievements and gives us a sense in life. Life without passion would probably be just a meaningless existence. Emotions have always been a subject of discussions by different philosophers. Such thinkers as Plato, Descartes and Spinoza analyzed passion in different ways and provided their concepts of passion. Passion has been categorized in six categories. These are hatred, wonder, hatred, sadness, and love (Descartes on the Emotions). When I read a book, I dive into a new, unknown, and undiscovered world. A book makes me worry about the character as if it is my ...

This is a study of the lucky German agent during the Second World War, which at the same time was the unlucky spy in modern history. By connecting with the Nazi dullness same duplicity, Cicero made something little for his German masters and for himself. In October 1943, using a habit to take home the Ambassador of the Embassy of secret documents began to withdraw from them and sell photocopies of the German attaché Ludwig Moyzisch got a conspiratorial nickname Cicero. Bazna espionage activity continued until the spring of 1944 - in particular, through it received a number of warnings about the Allied ...

"The Lives of the Twelve Caesars" (De vita Caesarum) is the main work of Roman historian Suetonius, written during his tenure as secretary of Emperor Hadrian. It is a collection of biographies of Julius Caesar and the first 11 Roman princeps, from Augustus to Domitian. This work is one of the most important works of antiquity. It is written in simple language, and each biography of Emperors is written in a certain pattern. For example, Suetonius description always starts on the origin of of the each ruler, the early years of his life, his social activities, then proceeds to personal qualities ...

Cicero, in his work "De Re Publica" wrote that he didn't install his own, new, invented the terms, but reproduce from memory the conversation between renowned wisest men of his country. In turn, these" famous men": Scipio Africanus, Laelius and others - have repeatedly resorted to the wisdom of the ancient Greek philosophers, referring to Plato and Aristotle. Creativity Plato to the present day remains at the focus of researchers of different directions. For historians in particular, his works are interesting primarily as a reflection of the time period when they were written. Aristotle also belongs to the ...

"The Lives of the Twelve Caesars" (De vita Caesarum) is the main work of Roman historian Suetonius, written during his tenure as secretary of Emperor Hadrian. It is a collection of biographies of Julius Caesar and the first 11 Roman princeps, from Augustus to Domitian. This work is one of the most important works of antiquity. It is written in simple language, and each biography of Emperors is written in a certain pattern. For example, Suetonius description always starts on the origin of of the each ruler, the early years of his life, his social activities, then proceeds to personal qualities ...

Tacitus has heaped praises on Agricola, his father in law. He describes his stint as the governor of the ancient Roman Britain very vividly. Agricola assumed leadership position at a time when the leadership was tainted by corruption, misuse of public resources, and abuse to fundamental rights of the citizens. It is however worth noting that despite this negative trend, Agricola remained a true leader who stood against all odds to provide quality leadership that was aimed at improving the livelihoods of his subjects.

Roman has rich history and this has been the case since the times of Tacitus. Agricola will ...

Presentation and Analysis of scientific evolution and history – Analysis and emphasis on two basic issues of scientific evolution as derived from the two following questions addressed within the set environment of researching into the field of History of Science – Reflections drawn upon the belief of David C. Lindberg as far as the scientific evolution and progress during Medieval years is concerned – Reflections drawn upon the evolution of the scientific field of cosmology and the revolution performed in this field leading to the breakdown of Aristotelian and Ptolemaic theories of cosmology [The author’s name]

Thesis statement

This paper presents historical ...

The aim of this essay is to present you with a portrait of the thematic core of the book ‘The Postmortal’ by Drew Magary which is an innovative approach to an issue which has been troubling and terrifying human nature. The essay will focus on the life lessons which are put across to the readers of the book as far as to what life’s meaning is supposed to be and how it is to be adopted by human societies. ‘The Postmortal’ is a book belonging to the science-fiction genre. It is a book whose plot addresses it readers with the ...

Cicero argued that true friendship cannot be attained without virtue on the part of the persons. He stressed the importance of virtue among people before they can be considered true friends. On the other hand, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg comments that virtue is not a criterion for determining true friendship. Facebook, a social networking site where people become friends with thousands of others without ever seeing them, is devoid of this view by Cicero. This is because rarely does a person know the character and virtue of his friends in a social networking site but rather chooses friends based on shared interests. This ...

The motives that inspired the political system in the late Roman Republic may be best illustrated through an examination of the writings by Cicero. Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Roman philosopher, lawyer, orator and politician. However, Cicero considered his political involvement as the greatest achievement despite his notable success in legal practice and oratory. Indeed, it is during this period of consulship that there was a Catilian conspiracy which sought to overthrow the Roman government. As a consequence of this attempt to overthrow the government, Cicero called for the execution of the five conspirators without the conduct of due process. In ...

The aim of this essay is to present you with a definition on a concept which has been flirting with the human nature ever since the dawn of prehistoric times. If each word is to depict a notion widely accepted and shared within the borders of a speaking community, then the word ‘success’ has spread its meaning throughout centuries, changing meaning according to the ideals of each era and civilization. Success has been an ideal that has always been flirting with its being considered equal to happiness. People have always believed that a successful person is usually a happy person. But philosophy, psychology and social ...

The Facts of the Case

The ethical issue in this case is predatory pricing, and the parties involved include both local and international retailers. Predatory pricing takes place in showrooms and online advertising media where retailers lower the prices of their products in order to attract and retain customers. This pricing occurs during advertisements as the retailers with monopolistic powers price their products at lowly as a strategy of driving the competitors out of the market. Predatory pricing creates barriers to entry for potential and new competitors since they cannot survive under extremely low prices without incurring losses. Most countries consider predatory pricing anti-competitive and ...

According to the standard periodization used in Western history, the Renaissance is synonymous with the early modern era, and roughly spans the years 1350 to 1650. This ‘rebirth’ began originally in the commercial towns of northern Italy in the 14th Century, particularly Florence, and then gradually expanded to the cities of northern and western Europe. Petrarch was one of the first early modern thinkers to classify his time as a break with the Middle Ages and feudalism, even if he did not use those exact terms, but to Renaissance men like these, the rediscovery of ancient Greek and Latin texts ...

Abstract

Michel Montaigne was a French philanthropist who authored several essays which he wrote mostly out of his own experience. He seeks to describe people in the outmost honesty, including him. Montaigne was writing his essays at a time when Europe was experiencing great political and religious calamities. There were divisions in the Christianity arena and the papal authority was being challenged. Although this did not directly influence his writing it had some impact on some of his works. He was trying to pass on his own reflections to the readers most of which were derived from his personal opinions and experiences. ...

The collapse of the Roman Empire has been studied by hundreds if not thousands of scholars over time. Reasons why the fall took place are plentiful; however, the actions of one figure have been studied closely: that of Julius Caesar. Examining the letters and documents of Caesar, Marcus Tullius Cicero, and Sallust will help to answer the question as to why the fall of the Roman Empire occurred and how much Caesar is to blame. However, it will be shown that although Caesar may have quickened the stage for collapse through an upset in the constitutional political system of ...

Cicero – “The Defense of Injustice”

Cicero exhibits great subtlety of mind in having Philus make the case for injustice. As perhaps history’s greatest rhetorician, Cicero understood how to motivate his audience in such a way that they did not realize they were being manipulated. This is the logic that underpins his decision to place an intrinsically unpopular argument in the hands of a master rhetorician and logician like Philus. Philus does not disappoint: he tells us that he will argue in the words of Cameades, a skeptical philosopher, a decision that serves to strengthen his argument while, at the same time, ensuring that the listener will be ...

Introduction

The legacy of the Roman empire means the combination of cultural attributes, religion, and believes as well as the technological advancements that came as a result of the ancient mighty Roman empire that have been passed to the present civilizations in western Europe and across the world1. In my view, the most obvious influence of the Roman Empire that is visible today is the language Latin. Even though Latin is an extinct language, its influences in the contemporary are enormous. Latin language did not only influence culture but also science in the present world. Even as the Roman Empire collapsed, ...

Lionel Casson is a renowned classicist and a Professor Emeritus of Classics, New York University. Besides Libraries in the Accent World, he has also written other books such as Ships and Seamship in the Ancient World as well as various other books on the history of the ancient maritime and ancient travel. However, it can be argued that tracking the emergence of the ancient libraries, in Libraries in the Accent World, was quite a tall order for him. This is evidenced in aspects of broken connections in the book, for instance, in recounting the emergence of the Museum at Alexandria.

Casson’s ...

Part 1: Three Top Leaders of 2011 (Washington Post)

Timothy Richard “Tim” Tebow Tim Tebow is listed in Washington Post’s best leaders of 2011. He was born in the Philippines to American Christian Baptist missionary parents in August 14, 1987. He is the youngest among five siblings all of whom are homeschooled by their mother. He started playing football for Trinity Christian Academy in Jacksonville, Florida in 1996. Although, his preffered position was quarterback, the school let him played linebacker and tight end. He started to looked for other high school where he landed in Nease High School where he managed to keep his stay competitive ...

Pompey was made sole consul in 52 BC. To what extent did he engineer the situation so that he would be called upon to "save the state?

Introduction:

Rome in 52 AD was a rather parlous state as it was still reeling from the effects of the slave revolt a few years earlier which had been crushed by Crassus and the constant bickering and infighting between himself, Julius Caesar and the same Crassus. Becoming First Consul in 49 BC was obviously important and crucial to the continued well being of the Republic and Pompey obviously felt very much in control when faced ...

Introduction

The transition of Rome to an empire was characterised by many battles and constant struggles. The civilization was majorly established around the dictatorship forms of governance as well as the big defensive holdings around the Mediterranean and European territories. The imperial Roman Republic was marred by civil wars which had weakened the governance system prior to the transition to a roman empire. Thucydides writes on the historical accounts of an Athenian general regarding the war that had been experienced about 2000 years ago and dwells on the aspects of human nature. As the foregoing shows, both the Rome’s transition ...