Essays on Decriminalization

Most of the countries including the developed ones face the problem of drug addiction in teens. This is increasing every year after year at an alarming rate and various new types of drugs are trafficked in the market. These drugs are mainly supplied and produced by developing or undeveloped nations . One such drug is Marijuana or Cannabis. This drug is becoming popular than alcohol and tobacco after 2008. According to National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Law, this drug is very popular among teens even in countries like USA or European nations. This plant is easily available and ...

Drug abuse is a serious issue that plagues our society. Every age group has a fair share of drug users. However, according to the survey conducted by U.S Department of Health and Human Services, teenagers and young adults are two of the biggest culprits - 15.8% of people aged 16-17 and 22.6% of people aged 18-20 use drugs. The use of illicit substances by teenagers is caused by the fact that there’s no regulation of drugs like marijuana. A drug dealer isn’t going to check a person’s ID when he conducts a deal. Additionally, teenagers who ...

Policy Positions Paper: Use of Medical Marijuana in Georgia

The use of marijuana (Cannabis sativa) can be traced back more than 5000 years ago related to medical, recreational, and spiritual reasons (Bostwick, 2012). The United States Pharmacopeia has included it since 1850’s, and until the 1930’s physicians provided prescriptions for it for a number of physical complaints (Narcanon International, 2016). In 1970, the United States Congress determined it had no valid therapeutic value and categorized it as a Schedule I illegal substance. However, a number of sources have stated that marijuana has no addictive properties (Samsha, 2016). The National Institute on Drug Abuse state this is ...

Introduction

Legalization of marijuana has been a subject of debate in the recent past. This article aims to explore the reasons why people are increasingly pushing for legalization despite potential addiction and the health effects associated with marijuana use. Most of the reasons are are obviously negative. Therefore, it is of importance to scrutinize how these reasons affect both individuals and the government as well.

Decriminalization of Marijuana

The prohibition of marijuana has seen many people arrested and convicted for minor offenses such as being in possession of less than an ounce of marijuana. Aside from the fact that prosecution of these offenses ...

For long, the war on drugs has been fought through many fronts such as the criminalization of certain drugs, harsh penalties for drug possession and military confrontation. The military is being used to combat drug trafficking since it is now believed that drug trafficking has become a national security issue. This is because drug trafficking has caused widespread corruption, undermining of democracies and has sometimes been used to finance terrorism. Military action mainly targets capturing or killing of leaders of major drug cartels. Military operations have also helped in chasing, tracking and capturing of drug smugglers. Military success can ...

Affiliated Institution

Introduction For many years, Amnesty International has been a champion for global humanitarian and human rights issues. With the world continuously evolving, Amnesty International has adapted to these changes and accommodated them. Due to population growth, the world has witnessed continued conflicts over resources specifically in Africa and the Middle East. These conflicts are fueled by political regimes and their ideologies, (Weinstein 2010). Terror groups such as Boko Haram, Al-Shabaab and Islamic State (IS), have continuously violated human rights. In most African countries, dictatorial rule has come under threat with masses becoming more educated and informed of their human ...

Challenges of leading groups in criminal justice organizations: The Police.

Leaders in criminal justice organizations such as the court system, the police, and corrections department are faced with innumerable challenges while performing their day to day tasks. This paper shall specifically focus on describing some of the challenges faced by police leaders and the steps that criminal justice professionals can take to effect change for the future generations. In the contemporary world, the responsibilities of police leaders grow day by day and while their roles have always been challenging, leading a criminal justice organization in highly unstable external and internal environments is becoming increasingly difficult given that a typical ...

Introduction

Nowadays, the struggle against the use, dissemination, and production of drugs is quite severe. Despite the fact that so-called War on Drugs has been launched in 1971, it seems like there was no serious developments in this direction. Since the development of this campaign, loads of taxpayers’ funds were invested to this fight, a lot of people were detained, and tons of substances confiscated. The War led to the militarization of the police and involvement of the military into the raids on multiple occasions. One of the main issues here is the focus of the authorities on a specific ...

Review on the article “Sexual Exploitation: Prostitution and Organized Crime”

Full reference of the work: Fondation Scelles Group. (2012). Sexual Exploitation: Prostitution and Organized Crime. Retrieved from http://www.fondationscelles.org/en/prostitution/prostitution-by-countryhttp://www.fondationscelles.org/pdf/rapport_mondial/sexual_exploitation_prostitution_Fondation_Scelles.pdf

The article of the Fondation Scelles Group (2012) is against prostitution, and considers prostituion as sexual exploitation in whichever cultural, economic or political contexts. The article gave overview of the prostitution globalization, commoditization and trivialization. Global prostitution is possible because it surpasses borders since human go from one country to another so as to perchance sex or practice prostitution. Some people leave their country with the hope of a better opportunity but were caught by traffickers who exploit them around the ...

Decriminalization on drugs is the removal of any criminal penalties related to drug law violations for personal usage. The policy has been adopted in numerous states and cities of the United States. The article “Reflections on Drug Policy” looks at the different alternatives to drug use such as decriminalization, medicalization and rehabilitation. The various alternatives are important and necessary for drug users and the country (McBride et al. 75). The article “Four Points about Drug Decriminalization” looks at the importance of decriminalizing drugs use as a way to reduce drug trafficking violence and reduces the process of rehabilitation of ...

Externality is when one agent’s actions directly affect another agent at the same time not altering the price of the good or service. Two types of externalities are known, negative and positive externality. Negative externality is the case when one agent’s actions cause the second agent to lose welfare, and the second agent is not compensated for that. The opposite takes place with positive externalities. When one agent’s actions cause the second agent’s welfare to increase, and if he/she is not compensated for that, then it is known to be a positive externality.

One example of ...

Introduction

Ever since the police and related agencies within states and the Federal Government initiated mechanisms for keeping data on crime, it has become easier to deduce the trends in criminal behavior and hence channel resources as duly required in combating such crimes. From statistical data gathered over a period of time; state machineries are able to restructure their strategies so that they better adapt to the changing face of criminality. The government can also rely on such data to initiate discussions that may precipitate to policy formulation, drafting of legislations, and development of the necessary institutional framework.

The state of ...

Now it is time to give careful consideration to the nature of corruption that is the case in the USA. Pepys (2) notes that corruption within the system of justice may be defined as the use of management reserves or public authority to one’s own advantage or for personal gains resulting in an inappropriate legal protection of citizens and delivery of judicial services. In a broad context, the system of justice embraces judges, police, prosecutors, public defenders, court personnel, private bar, and a variety of court decision enforcement agencies, such as, for example, penal institutions. Whatever the variety of justice ...

Literature Review

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Introduction

Between the periods 1980 to 1992, consumption of illicit drugs in the United States increased from 29% to 42% among 12th grade adolescence, and from 11% to 21% among eight grade students. Other statistics shows that in the 12th grade 80% are students on alcoholic. More than half of them have been doing it in the eighth grade; 75% had smoked cigarettes, of this group, 35% became habitual smokers. The greatest challenge is faced by families, who, no matter what their social or economic level, must devise strategies to help their adolescence. Studies have been done to prove ...

Illegal drugs are being misused by many people around the globe. Some of this illegal drugs have medicinal value but has addicting characteristics. This is the reason why they are being widely prohibited. In the United States is making a lot of movement to stop the usage and distribution of these substance. The declaration of War on Drugs was more than forty years ago by President Richard Nixon. However, there are many conflicts that weakens the War on Drugs movement of the United States (US). Military, US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), and other US government departments are doing ways to ...

An Excellent Textbook Choice

If we look back through banned books in history, titles like The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Catcher in the Rye, it seems almost inconceivable that a book specifically about sex, drugs, and illegal immigrants would be considered as a textbook for school. However, the world is a changing place, and it is exactly because of the content that such a book would be so valuable in a college 1A English Composition course. In fact, Reefer Madness, by Eric Schlosser, would be a valuable textbook in a composition course for a variety of reasons including the content material and the scholarly approach in which Schlosser tackles ...

[Roll number]

Drug legalization means that responsible adults may legally acquire, possess, and use a particular drug, there may be some regulations to it but legal acquiring and using is what drug legalization actually comprises of. Legalization of drugs also means that government sets standards for purity, age limit, controls manufacturing and distribution and forbids its use in certain places and conditions for example while driving, in hospitals etc. Statistics: People’s support for drug legalization is growing, in 1969 only 10% voted in favor of drug legalization but now support is 52%. Most of the opposing people said ...

Abstract

The paper deals with the problem of the legalization of prostitution. It presents two major arguments in favor of and against making the trade a legal occupation. The proponents of legalization argue that legality is directly responsible for the reduction of violence, human trafficking, and the use of children in the sex market. The adversaries of legalization are of the opinion that legality contributes to the higher rates of violence, women trafficking, and child sexual exploitation. Multiple examples observed in countries like the Netherlands, Germany, the USA, and Sweden that have either made the trade legal or declared it outlawed ...

I. Introduction Over the last several years the legalization of the recreational use of marijuana has grown to become one of the hottest public policy debates in the United States and Canada. Issues involved in the debate not only encompass the legal question of an individual’s right to privacy and whether adults should be allowed to “smoke a little weed” in their own home; but also community concerns of addiction and how to regulate marijuana use to control for any potential health and safety risks. Furthermore, the conversation also includes question of whether there are any economic benefits ...

Introduction

The issue of marijuana legalization is a major concern in the United States. There are numerous concerns surrounding the topic as different people seek to understand the effectiveness of the move. Marijuana legalization is controversial since different people have different views on it. To some, the legalization is economically significant while to others it would be a disadvantage to the society. Most people cannot understand the effect of the drug once it becomes legal. In addition, the issue is a major political issue that governments try to resolve to the best extent they can at any time. Clements, K., & Zhao, X. ( ...

The Most Controversial & Debated Plant in the Country

INTRODUCTION Weed, grass, bud, pot, “giggle-twig,” Kush, “greenery,” and marijuana are all names for one plant; Cannabis. Whether one has first-hand experience or not, most Americans are aware of what Cannabis looks and how it smells. However, beyond that many people cannot agree on much else concerning the uses, laws and policies of this one, single plant. Some people believe that Cannabis is a dangerous, addictive, illicit drug as equally as threatening as any other drug, like heroin and methamphetamines, also called Speed. However, there are an ever-growing number of people in this country who argue that many of ...

Introduction

Thesis statement: Portuguese government decriminalized the use and possession of illicit street drugs. Research Question: How to address the ‘drug problem” is an area of contentious debate? Proposed Hypothesis: Decriminalizing the use and possession of illicit street drugs would decrease the number of drug-related deaths and HIV infections. There would be a decrease in the number of new drug users and a decrease in the stigma leveled at all drug users.

Methodology

There are two basic methods of conducting research, qualitative and quantitative. Quantitative research would depend on statistical interpretations. The method would include the collection of data and using ...

Abstract

Introduction In 1989, President Bush presented a speech in a national television that outlined a comprehensive anti-drug program both in domestic and international dimensions . The refined strategy, associated by its objectives has reached the Congress in 1990 that reduced the amount of marijuana, heroin, cocaine, and other drugs that are dangerous to people as estimated by 15 percent in 2 years and by 60 percent in 10 years, respectively that entered in the United States. However, the United States has experienced the fluctuation that concerned how people viewed drugs and its drug policies. The situation of drugs in the social and ...

Abstract

This paper is about the legalization of Marijuana in the United States. With sources found, I am going to try to prove that Marijuana should be legal within the United States because of the affects of the drug, the potential tax that could be applied to it, and the decriminalization of the drug could free up space in prisons for more heinous offenses.

Thesis

In this paper, I set out to prove that Marijuana or Cannabis should be legalized because of the potential medical effects of the drugs, the potential tax that could be applied to the sale of Marijuana, ...

Step 1

In today’s free society, individuals should have the option to choose and do as they want unless their actions can harm others, even if they harm themselves. Educating people about the after effects of recreational drugs usage, controlled and safe environments where to intake recreational drugs, monitoring strict standards for sale of recreational drugs and other measures that ensure that consumption of recreational drugs remains controlled, informed and safe. With the presently legal recreational drugs like tobacco and alcohol, individuals must be allowed to make their choices. Whether they want to intake recreational drugs, and if their consumption ...

English

Introduction Several medical and health organizations have recognized marijuana’s medical value. In fact, some of these medical organizations and other prominent associations have favorable medical marijuana positions such as the AIDS Action Council, American Academy of HIV Medicine, AIDS Foundation of Chicago, AIDS Project Rhode Island, just to name a few (Logos). Medical experts say that there is substantial evidence that have proven that marijuana is safe and effective for some patients (Ethos). My point is that marijuana is not to be considered as a purely illegal substance because of its medicinal value (Metacommentary). Essentially, I am arguing ...

English

Introduction Several medical and health organizations have recognized marijuana’s medical value. In fact, some of these medical organizations and other prominent associations have favorable medical marijuana positions such as the AIDS Action Council, American Academy of HIV Medicine, AIDS Foundation of Chicago, AIDS Project Rhode Island, just to name a few (Logos). Medical experts say that there is substantial evidence that have proven that marijuana is safe and effective for some patients (Ethos). My point is that marijuana is not to be considered as a purely illegal substance because of its medicinal value (Metacommentary). Essentially, I am arguing ...

The marijuana legalization issue was first debated over 100 years ago by BIHDC (British Indian Hemp Drugs Commission). This commission resorted to a defined conclusion that; cannabis sativa (marijuana) was detrimental to human health,and the best way out was to impose high taxation to this drug. Prohibition of this drug was inevitable; the best solution was to tax the crop highly. This resolution failed after several years of attempts. Marijuana remained a legal drug in India until the year 1989 when it was phased off by the single convention international narcotics treaty (Gahlinger 2004). Over the recent past, an acute ...

When the issue of drug abuse is mentioned, it is hard to disassociate it with some common drugs. Some of the products that immediately come to mind include heroine, cocaine, and bhang. The later has been braded with so many names. These include weed, cannabis, and pot among others. The United States has very strict laws with regard to drug abuse. As such, they leave no stones untouched in making sure that the vice is totally controlled and eliminated from their land. While this is happening in the land, it so happens that there is some states that have ...

There are two primary concerns involved with drug legalization including philosophical and pragmatic. The philosophical aspect of narcotics legalization is that adults must be allowed to take the consequence of their actions and choice. However, in practical it is difficult for make people accountable for their actions. If it is accepted that people must be accountable for their actions and consequences then narcotics must be legalized. The legalization of narcotics suggests that the government must allow its production, distribution, and usage. It is because individuals using narcotics are responsible for their own actions (Stout pp. 344). The philosophical ...

The use of marijuana and its legalization have become important issues in the US domestic policy as well as in public debates. The fact that two states have already legalized marijuana for recreational use means that this practice can be applied to other states as well and marijuana can be fully decriminalized. The widespread use of marijuana among people of different ages and their positive attitude to marijuana as legal phenomena of American society make us argue in favor of its legalization. The essay will present main arguments, according to which marijuana should be legalized in the US. These ...

Imagine suffering from an unbearable pain and discomfort and being denied the medication you need for relief because it is a controlled substance. Medicinal marijuana is a term used to define derivatives of marijuana that can be used to treat various ailments. Marijuana is an illegal substance in all but 16 states in the United States. This means majority of American citizens who are willing to choose medicinal marijuana are unable to consume it as acceptable therapy for their ailments. This proposal will advance the argument for the legalization of medicinal marijuana. The thesis statement is that the United States ...

Literature

Decriminalization of marijuana will expose the lives of the people to greater risk after showing that it lacks substantive medicinal value and will only encourage the possibility of drug abuse. Based on the report of Dupont (2010), studies have shown that in 2008, 4.2 million people from the 7 million population in the U.S. between the ages 12 and higher have been identified as dependents of marijuana. This is a confirmation that 2/3 of the American population are suffering from marijuana abuse (DuPont, 2010). According to Buckner, Heimberg, Matthews & Silgado (2012, p. 151) one third of America’s population ...

Introduction

The history of marijuana in the twentieth century has been a slow process for its social acceptance. This process of acceptance still continued in twenty-first century. If we look into the history, In the 1936 a movie "Reefer Madness," shows marijuana smokers, they were portrayed as morally depraved fiends. In 1950s, marijuana was considered as a dangerous drug, people assumes that marijuana was a stepping stone towards the use of heroin and more dangerous drugs. In 1979, In a pole by CBS News, New York showed that27 percent of Americans were in favored legalization of marijuana by taxing it. Slowly but consistently, the social ...

Introduction Illicit drug usage has been a subject of varied legal, medical and ethical considerations in the United States (US). Many understand illicit drugs as harmful substances that face strict legal regulations, with links to deviant behavior harmful to the welfare of society. Yet, challenges to that contention have emerged resulting of emerging research on particular benefits and alternative remedies. Among those illicit drugs in question is marijuana – one that possesses medical qualities alongside its reputed usage as an addictive drug. This study poises to tackle arguments on legalizing marijuana usage ...

Decriminalization of Marijuana in some states of America

Description of issue Drug and substance abuse continues to affect the society usually with overt and covert consequences. What has resulted is the tendency by communities to disapprove of the consumption. The disapproval has been manifested in legislations, policies and discouraging moral norms and values. Indeed, the position of marijuana has remained unclear in the larger United States of America. Marijuana has the uncommon characteristic of having a dual application in the medical and recreational sectors. It, thus, can be used for either its medicinal value or recreational value. The law in the United States on marijuana could be ...

According to the office of the national drug control policy, the United States government has already spent over one trillion dollars on the war on drugs. In the year 1980, the government spent one billion dollars on the war on drugs. Twelve years later, the figure hit 19 billion dollars. Currently, the government spends over 15.6 billion dollars every six months on the war. The war, which began during the era of President Richard Nixon, has not yielded much. The amounts of drugs that penetrate the borders of the United States are ever on an increase, with the number ...

According to the office of national drug control policy, the United States government has spent over one trillion dollars on the war on drugs. In the year 1980, the government spent 1 billion dollars on the war on drugs. Twelve years later, the figure had hit 19 billion dollars. Currently, the government spends over 15.6 billion dollars every six months on the war. The war, which began during the time of President Richard Nixon, has not yielded much. The amounts of drugs that penetrate the borders of the United States are ever increasing, with the number of addicts on ...

‘Medical Marijuana’ is the term used to contrast the use of marijuana as a pharmaceutical to the recreational use of marijuana; it is marijuana which is used as a pharmaceutical (NCI, 2012; Louie, 2005). Marijuana is a species of cannabis so that term is also used when discussing medical marijuana (Fichtner, 2010, 63-64). Hash, hashish oil and marijuana are all made from parts of the Cannabis sativa plant (NCI, 2012; Louie, 2005). The pharmaceutical effects that relieve symptoms such as chronic pain and nausea are due to the active ingredient in the marijuana plant called THC. The chemical name is delta9tetrahydrocannnabinol (NCI, ...