Essays on Offenses

The environment is one of the crucial components that enhances sustainable development. It is worth noting that environmental crimes are viewed to be less important compared to traditional crimes. Law enforcement agencies tend to ignore environmental crimes in society. Environmental crimes are threats to food security, economic development, health, and sustainability. Environmental crimes include unregulated fishing, illicit trade of hazardous waste, smuggling of ODS (ozone-depleting substances), illegal logging, wild animal traffic, electronic waste management, as wee as dumping in rivers. Analytically, environmental crimes are sensitive and dangerous to the living things. Militant groups and criminal gangs profit from some ...

Corporate criminal liability refers to the degree at which a corporate organization may become responsible the impact of their employee activities. The extent of liability may be categorized as a strict corporate liability or vicarious corporate liability. Strict corporate liability is a compulsory criminal responsibility when the actions of an employee result in injury, damage or death, even when the employee did not have criminal intentions. Ideally, corporates take strict liability to forbid the criminal activity from taking place (Lipman 359). For example, a corporate restaurant may be prosecuted for serving customers with expired foodstuffs. While the act of ...

Overall Decrease in Juvenile Arrests

Roughly 2.11 million juveniles were arrested in 2008 for various offenses. According to the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR), this figure translated to an overall reduction of juvenile arrests by three percent as compared to the same period in 2007 (Puzzanchera, 2009). While the violent crime arrests were found to be increasing in 2005 and 2006, the report shows that arrests of individuals under age 18 involved in violent crime are on a downward trend, with violent crime arrests in 2008 being two percent lower than in 2007. Even though the total number of arrests is lowest in ...

The influx of drug-related criminals is the main cause of overcrowding in most correctional institutions across in the United States and specifically Texas. Offenders' numbers related to other crimes such as homicide, robbery, and burglary have remained steady over the number of years, but drug-related offenders are increasing leading to a high number of them behind bars in prisons across Texas. The problem is captured in a study by the state government which found out that six of ten prisoners in the state and federal facilities are convicted of drug possession or drug abuse charges. As such, this means ...

According to Barnet (2002), white-collar crime is defined as the crime committed by people that have respectable and high social status in different occupations and societies. However, the definition does not delineate the scope under which the criminal behaviors fall in white-collar criminality. The rise of white-collar criminality resulted from the difference in inattention given to it compared to the street level crimes where offenders were of low status. The definition of white-collar criminality varies depending on the type of offender, type of offense, and the type of organizational culture in which the crime is committed. For instance, the ...

Youths are not generally tried in adult court for the crimes that they commit. This is because most of the crimes committed by youths are not serious enough to justify incarcerating them alongside adult offenders. Most youths are tried in juvenile court and are sentenced to serve time in juvenile detention facilities if convicted. However, this does not apply to youths who are convicted of more serious crimes, such as murder. The age at which a person can be tried in adult versus juvenile court differs between states. In forty-one states the maximum age of a juvenile before being ...

This paper is about Freddie Lee Hall and the review of the case Hall v Florida No. 12-10882 (2014), with reference to Atkins v Virginia. Mr. Hall committed multiple crimes of rape, kidnap, robbery and murder, although with an accomplice in 1978. There was an effort to refute his claims of being intellectually challenged because of the degree of planning needed to conduct such a robbery and also a consideration of the fact that he had an IQ score of 71. Automatically, the fact that he killed two people, one of them a deputy, should have gotten him a ...

Impact of Media of Crime

Impact of Media of Crime

Introduction

It is worth mentioning that the media is a vital resource that allows for the dissemination of information on safety and crime to the public. In this case, it is important that the news coverage provides accurate and unbiased facts about a crime that would be beneficial to crime control. However, research reveals that the media has contributed to poor diagnosis of crime related issues and more so, inappropriate and ineffective formulation of prevention strategies. The essay presents findings on the impact of the media of crime. Furthermore, it offers a discussion on the ...

Abstract

The issue of how criminals are sentenced and treated is a problem within in the United States and around the world. The sentence given for a crime that is committed is not always equal from one state or region to another. Diversion programs are therefore a method that have been created to offer a second chance to first-time offenders and youthful offenders that are deemed worthy of a second chance. These programs are designed to be supervised and carried out by certified and experienced professionals at the behest of the court, and are meant to curb any and all ...

[Class Title]

The Lawyer-Client Relationship The lawyer-client relationship should be based on trust and confidentiality. Under no circumstances should a client lie to his or her lawyer as well as under no circumstances should a lawyer incriminate his or her client for telling them the truth. A problem in trust and confidentiality will result to poor lawyer-client relationship, which could significantly impact the outcome of a case. Trust and confidentiality problems arise when the client withholds some information from his lawyer for fear that his lawyer will back out. There are clients, for instance, who are guilty of doing ...

Incarceration is used to deter juveniles from committing crimes, making the juvenile system more punitive. Serious juvenile crimes are those of a violent in nature, as reported in the FBI Uniform Crime Report. Juvenile arrests for robbery were alarming as this increased more than 30% since 2004 (Roberts 3). Female offenders for robbery have also increased, as reported in 1985 to 2002. Drug abuse violations rank next, but could also be the reason for committing robbery and violent crimes. This kind of juvenile offenses can be considered serious and needs more severe punishment. However, the question here is the ...

Introduction

Aging and elderly offenders are a growing demographic within the correctional management system of justice. The increased proportion of prison inmates over the age of 50 is a significant trend that has taxed the system in both economic and sociological ways. Elderly criminal offenders have different requirements than younger inmates, as many studies on gerontology have demonstrated. Among these requirements, the medical health needs of inmates who are declining physically is a prominent concern. Psychological and social factors also assume more significance in the elderly population, whether they are first-time offenders or have been imprisoned for decades. As the ...

The crime of criminal conspiracy is known in criminal law as an inchoate offence. An inchoate offense refers to one of three criminal acts in which the transgression is committed or takes place prior to or in preparation of another criminal act. In addition to criminal conspiracy, the other two common inchoate offences are solicitation and attempt. Regardless of the inchoate offense, it is important to note that each of the three offenses are complete crimes in and of themselves. In other words, a person accused of an inchoate offense can be found guilty of that crime even though ...

Introduction

Digital crimes include crimes committed on the internet as well as all types of crimes, perpetrated in the sphere of information and telecommunications systems. In this regard, the subject of the offense is all information resources and technologies, whereas the purpose of this violation is the criminal trespasses. In short, cybercrime regarding the non-legal intervention in the work of computers, software and computer nets as well as an unauthorized modification of any digital data refer to the legal categories, where the object of the crime is the information security, whereas the computer is the subject. If we consider cybercrime ...

Calvin Stark tested positive for HIV in 1988 and received counseling on the infection which included a discussion of engaging in future safe sex, risks associated with the spread of the disease as well as the important of informing sexual partners of his infected status. Stark continued to engage in sexual practices in disregard of his counseling advice, as a result, a physician who had treated Stark issued an order for Stark to discontinue his practice. This order was issued according to a Washington State law which allows physicians to protect the health of others. Stark refused to cease ...

Calvin Stark tested positive for HIV in 1988 and received counseling on the infection which included a discussion of engaging in future safe sex, risks associated with the spread of the disease as well as the important of informing sexual partners of his infected status. Stark continued to engage in sexual practices in disregard of his counseling advice, as a result, a physician who had treated Stark issued an order for Stark to discontinue his practice. This order was issued according to a Washington State law which allows physicians to protect the health of others. Stark refused to cease ...

Introduction

People commit a variety of crimes on a daily basis. Some crimes are minor incidents that do not have an extensive consequence or sentence to uphold by the offender. There are crimes that are committed that are in a higher bracket and these crimes have a more serious sentence. People often commit a crime for a number of reasons. Some crimes committed were not even done by the person who was charged in the incident. There needs to be proof or evidence that can place the alleged criminal at the crime scene when it accrued. It is important that ...

Inductive and Deductive Profiling

Inductive profiling goes by the assumption that known and unknown criminals of a categorical offending host certain similar features in spite of different crime scenes. As such, the law enforcement agencies apply the traits of known offenders and past crimes to the identify suspects, who are the unknown subjects. Although this form of profiling is ideal for rapid generation of leads to potential culprits, it may be challenging given that different individuals may engage in similar behavior for different reasons (Yonge, & Jacquin, 2013). Hence, inductive profiling relies on group data in the identification of suspects. The classification systems of ...

Introduction

A career in nursing seems fulfilling, but nurses encounter challenging situations every day. Regardless of their roles, nurses face ethical dilemmas that may affect them and the patient. Importantly, there is no right or wrong solution to a particular ethical dilemma. However, nurses rely on the legal papers related to nursing standard of health care practice according to legal aspects of nursing. This paper involves the standard and legal relation between nurses and their patient. Even with the nursing standard of health care practice literature, ethical dilemmas still occur in healthcare institutions. The aim of this paper is to ...

The children who conflict with the law before age 14 were registered by the police are called offenders. The children who committed criminal offenses in the teenage and also continue to commit further criminal offenses in adulthood. The behavior of such children can be termed as delinquent. This potential predictor may also involved in the illegal activities in which they had their past history of engaged in such criminal offenses. Under the juvenile delinquents, the two types of characteristic behavior exist. The one who become chronic offenders into adulthood is called persisters and the one who committed the criminal ...

In American politics, the association between Congress and the President has been, as one would expect where there is a division of powers, challenging. The Founding Fathers developed a system of checks and balances as the foundation on which the States ratified the American Constitution. As a result, and with one branch of the government writing laws and determining budgets that another branch has to execute and spend respectively, an inherent tension has defined the American government. Now, every President seeks to influence policies. After elections, a country’s President is at liberty to bring his or her goals ...

The goals of retribution, incapacitation, deterrence, rehabilitation, and restoration are all primary goals of those within the criminal justice system. In sentencing individuals charged with specific criminal actions the philosophic principles that such decisions are based upon should be considered. Through the use of methods such as fines, probation, imprisonment, and death the criminal justice system has utilized a variety of measures in order to more effectively enact justice. These measures have, furthermore, been broadly adopted in relation to the financial, social, and international context that the criminal system was established within. Concerns such as the impact that these ...

Proposition 36 - Literature Review

Before 2000 The three strikes law commonly referred to as Proposition 36 has had a long history. It started in the year 1994 when the state passed Proposition 184, which allowed courts to convict a person from 25 years to lifetime if that person had two or more serious convictions for a violent felony in the past. It also qualified the courts to double a person’s penalty of a convict if had been convicted of a felony before (Farabee et al., 2004). The initial attitude was that it was mandatory in all qualifying cases. This attitude came to ...

Several factors have led to the rapid changes in sentencing structures in the United States. According to Latessa and Smith: “Following a very long period of relative inactivity (1930-1974), American sentencing laws and practices began to undergo rapid change, a fundamental restructuring of the sentencing process” (2015, p. 19). This is supported by Phelps (2011, p. 33), who argued that “Scholars of mass incarceration point to the 1970s as a pivotal turning point in US penal history, marked by a shift towards more punitive policies and a consensus that ‘nothing works’ in rehabilitating inmates.” Four main factors have been ...

The Gladstone Committee Report never used the word rehabilitation; instead, it referred to treatment in reference to the way prisoners were treated while relating to the conditions of prison at that period. Reformation, according to GCR, is not easy to conduct in prison. The Gladstone Committee emphasized especially on the categorization of prisoners for the purpose of treating people as a way of differentiating the crimes committed and the people who committed these crimes. According to the committee, the offenses had no dictation or definition on the characters of the person. The committee additionally supported prohibition of inmates talking; ...

Different countries have various legislation that governs their citizens. Comparing jurisdiction in the various countries is, therefore, is possible and declares how various offenses are dealt with for justice. According to Rhode (2013), the law is the tool that ensures justice in any society. When people commit offenses, they are subjected to law for correction measures. The law in England that is useful for foreign jurisdiction is readily available by statutes, the common law, and treaties. The court that is enforcing the jurisdiction is the one to dictate how a particular law would apply. The report has three distinct ...

Proposition 36 - Literature Review

Before 2000 The three strikes law commonly referred to as Proposition 36 has had a long history. It started in the year 1994 when the state passed Proposition 184, which allowed courts to convict a person from 25 years to lifetime if that person had two or more serious convictions for a violent felony in the past. It also qualified the courts to double a person’s penalty of a convict if had been convicted of a felony before. The initial attitude was that it was mandatory in all qualifying cases. This attitude came to change only in 1996 ...

1. Define the ways in which each component (police, courts, and corrections) of the criminal justice system administers justice. Which component is most effective at meeting their goals? Police play the role of working with the public in order to enforce legal requirements and protect the privacy and liberty of individuals. In order to do this, however, police rely on the underlying cultural values and norms of the communities in which they function. Police interact with the public in order to ascertain those that are committing offenses and present these individuals to the criminal justice system for sentencing of ...

Legalize Drugs

Legalization of drugs is a topic that continues to be hotly debated as a possible solution to reduce crime and save tax payer dollars that are tied up in drug enforcement agencies. Drug-related crime is one of the most expensive things facing the United States citizens; from the perspective of those who are involved in drug use and sales, to the tax payers whose money is given to the agencies that exist to deal with all drug-related criminal offenses. Nevertheless, there are some for legalizing all drugs; however, there are those who believe this would be a disaster for ...

In the past, cyber-crimes were few and far in between because the computers used were mainframes and they were rare to come by (Greenbaum, 2015). Today, computers have infiltrated almost every aspect of life and most offenses are accompanied by the involvement of computerized devices directly or indirectly. Nearly every individual in the world today has an automated electronic device such as a smartphone and a computer (Greenbaum, 2015). Further, the internet has made the use of computerized devices to commit crimes easier, and all types of offenses can be perpetrated online such as fraud, theft, solicitation, malicious mischief ...

The violence related to gang activities is considered to be one of the worse crimes committed, other than murder because it violates the peace of individuals in the neighborhood and increases panic or fear. Not to mention, the gang members who commit these crimes are usually repeat offenders. In order to understand the full depth of gang related charges, we must first understand what a gang is, the various offenses gang members usually commit, crime defense strategies and how law enforcement classify gang members; since this classification is critical in a gang member’s defense and whether they would ...

Almost US, but still Latin America. This is the brief definition one can give to Puerto Rico. US is actively engaged in cooperation with the archipelago, but the chances that this area ever really become an integral part of the United States are still unclear. More so, it is a unique habitat with its own unique development system, including the judiciary. Puerto Rico is a dependent territory of the United States and has the status of "unincorporated organized territory”, which means that the area is under the control of the United States (and is not an integral part thereof), ...

Federal Sentencing Guidelines

First, the court determines the guideline applicable to the offense committed by convicted defendant. In cases where the defendant offers a plea that establishes the commission of a more serious offense, the defendant is deemed to have committed extra offenses. However, the guidelines are not applied to misdemeanors and infractions. The base offense level is then determined according to the characteristics of the committed offense and any special instruction in the specific guideline applied. Adjustments are then made according to the harm done to the victim, the role played by the defendant in the offense, and any obstruction of ...

The United States is a very large and complex entity filled with diverse races, cultures, ideologies, philosophies, belief systems and perspectives. That said establishing a societal structure that encourages diversity and autonomy, but also establishes standards, rules and laws that outline the nation, is no easy feat. The American criminal justice system has been praised as one of the most ethical and just in comparison with other such systems across the globe. While that may have been true many years ago, many modern thinkers and American citizens, today feel that the criminal justice system is highly flawed and is ...

The United States has the highest prison population in the world while having only 5 percent of the world’s population (Liptak, 2008). While most of the people who are incarcerated are in the prison system because of non-violent or drug related offenses. With most of these consisting of Hispanic and African American people from lower income areas. This disproportion is caused mainly because of the lack of equal access to education. Four in every ten prisoners returns to jail within three years of being released “a collective rate that has remained largely unchanged in years, despite huge increases ...

The living environment shapes who people are. Naturally, in neighborhoods with a negative criminogenic environment, people often go deviant, and, when they do, it often is at a relatively young age. Researchers have gone to great lengths to study the underlying causes of delinquent behavior of young residents. Poverty appears to be one of the principal driving forces of offenders long with income disproportion, albeit to a far lesser extent. The blockade of opportunities or the means to achieve culturally acceptable norms in the society is also an important motivation. While race is not universally found to cause delinquency, ...

Legalization of drugs is a topic that continues to be hotly debated as a possible solution to reduce crime and save tax payer dollars that are tied up in drug enforcement agencies. Drugs related crime is one of the most expensive obstacles facing the United States citizens; from the perspective of those who are involved in drug use and sales, to the tax payers whose money is allocated to the agencies that exist to deal with all drug-related criminal offenses. A possible solution to curtail the social and financial problems that exist as a result of drug sales, use, ...

Reasons for Using Diversion in the Criminal Justice System

Diversion is an attempt by the criminal justice system to divert or channel out offenders from the justice system. The program is normally executed by the police departments, the court systems, and the attorneys who want to have the offenders evade the charges in which they are responsible for. Some of the problem solving courts usually uses the diversion technique to try and have the criminals solve the case out of the court (Quay, 1977). The Diversion program is usually used for a number of reasons. In most cases, there are two types of diversions: the formal and the ...

Mental illnesses are the mental disorders that cause changes in a person’s thinking, emotion, and behaviour. The illnesses are likely to cause problems to a person’s social and work functioning (Parekh, 2015). There is inadequate knowledge and skills on how to deal with people with these disorders. The involvement of mentally ill people in the criminal justice system continues to increase, which raises concern for administrators, policy makers, and treatment providers in the justice system. This is one area that requires change and people to be more educated on the subject. I had a chance to work ...

The death penalty remains a most controversial topic not only in the ‘US but the rest of the world for many years now. It was in 1622 that the first execution took place in the United States in Virginia for a criminal in the American colonies as stated by Marcus (838). Many oppose while several others support the death penalty. What adds to the debatable issue are the process, mistakes, and costs involved. The last execution in the US took place in 2015. The paper considers all those issues related to the death penalty and if it is the ...

Introduction

Legalization of marijuana has been a subject of debate in the recent past. This article aims to explore the reasons why people are increasingly pushing for legalization despite potential addiction and the health effects associated with marijuana use. Most of the reasons are are obviously negative. Therefore, it is of importance to scrutinize how these reasons affect both individuals and the government as well.

Decriminalization of Marijuana

The prohibition of marijuana has seen many people arrested and convicted for minor offenses such as being in possession of less than an ounce of marijuana. Aside from the fact that prosecution of these offenses ...

Introduction

The issue of trying teens who commit crimes has been subject to debate for several years. It is important to note that the criminal behavior is shown by warrants severe punishments or at least being held responsible. The question as to whether the teen should be tried in the courts like adults who commit a similar crime still elicits divergent reaction and opinion. Proponents of leniency on teens argue that they should always be offered a new lease of life to correct their behavior as such change their criminal mannerism (Bechtold et al. 126). However, such statements are a ...

2016-04-27

Features of Chosen Job 3 My Employability and Volunteering Ability 6 Skills Analysis 8 Introduction I’ve chosen such job as a health care assistant (HCA). It is also known as a support worker, nursing assistant or nursing auxiliaries. This position is quite popular with the majority of hospitals. They can also work in the patient’s own homes. This position is extremely serious, because it can play an important role in the patient’s health, his overall mood and recovering process. The main goal of this paper is to understand the main functions of the health care assistant ...

The

ABSTRACT The underage offenders can not be treated as adult criminals. Children have more chances to change. A special court system for juveniles has created a service-delivery system that provides minors with education, guidance, and supervision. The courts for juveniles also differ from the ones for adults. Commonly, the juvenile courts are informal in order not to stress the child, but minors has still have less rights in the court than adults. Also children can be punished for the cases that are absolutely legal for adults, like possession of alcohol and tobacco and running away from home. Minors are ...

Abstract

Shortly after WW2, Japan became a place where the Allies put on trial Japanese military criminals of different standing. Overall, the process looked methodical and well-though-out, with an ad hoc classification developed for determining the guilt of offenders. The post-war years witnessed the execution of generals and the punishment of soldiers following their brutal orders. However, several years later, a complex of factors like the deliberate destruction of evidence or the enormous number of cases halted the prosecution process expediting its termination. As unethical and immoral as it was, the USA had its reasons not to prosecute some of ...

Institutional

How has DLC research enhanced our understanding of antisocial behavior to date? An individual’s development, from childhood to adulthood, is fraught with numerous challenges. Development and life-course criminology (DLC) has provided us with an elaborate explanation on the advancements in offending as well as the development of antisocial characters from childhood to adulthood. Furthermore, DLC analyzes various risks and protective factors associated with offenders and their antisocial traits (McGee et al. 2015). DLC research also highlights different life events and developmental courses that are necessary for explaining antisocial characteristics. Such results have been achieved by analyzing the stability ...

Just the sound of the words murder or killing someone tells us that something is wrong. The thoughts and feelings we get after learning that someone has been killed, proves to us that killing is very wrong. Therefore, how can we be comfortable with passing a law that supports the death penalty? The death penalty is a legal procedure whereby the state executes a person as a punishment for the crimes/offenses he/she has committed (Kaufman 546). Therefore, when the capital punishment law is not abolished, it means that we will see many murders of people who this sentence has ...

The Fair Sentencing Act

On August 3, 2010, President Barack Obama signed into law the Fair Sentencing Act of 2010, for the first time in the History of the U.S (Grindle, 2010). This law was a response to the then claims of racial biases of the law in convicting drug dealers. This Act established new quantity thresholds, which were meant to trigger statutory mandatory minimum and maximum penalties for offenses related to cocaine. By so doing, this law amended the Controlled Substance Act and the controlled import and export of substance. This new law saw to it that the quantities of cocaine that ...

(Institution Name)

Abstract

The use of information technology in the matter of justice provision has enabled the law enforcement agencies to ensure that the criminals are effectively captured and put behind bars. The technological tools that have notably contributed towards the cause are surveillance and cameras, forensic equipment for detection of criminals and communication means. These technology items have helped in making the law supreme and to make the criminals afraid of the law. Gun control has been made possible largely with the help of these technology tools as the people are being monitored and managed much more effectively with ...

Crime statistics remains an essential component in the field of criminology that helps in formulating effective criminal justice policy. For over four decades, the Uniform Crime Reporting System (UCR), the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), and its predecessor National Crime Survey (NCS) has been used in the United States to gather crime statistics. These methods have been used at the national level to estimate the crime and changes in the crime rates in the United States. Such data has helped the policymakers to develop sound policies that help to mitigate the problem of crime in the United States' societies ( ...

The sentencing of youths after trials to adult prison has continued in the United States for quite some time now with an estimated 250, 000 youths being incarcerated as adults and hence landing into Adult prison annually. This has been attributed to the changes in laws across forty-nine American states in the ‘90s that increase the number of youths being given adult trials. However, CDC (Center for Disease and Control) and the US Department of Justice stated in 2008 that sending minors to a criminal justice system that is specifically designed to handle adults does not reduce or protect ...

Identify and describe the different categorization of crimes? How are crimes different than torts?

The common categorization of crimes includes treason, felonies and misdemeanors . Treason, which is rare, is one’s act against the state threatening its sovereignty and integrity. Felonies are serious offenses like murder, manslaughter, rape, robbery, kidnapping, tax evasion etc. that attract several years of imprisonment and a heavy fine. Misdemeanors are less serious offenses, mostly punishable by fines or a brief stay in the jail. Some of the examples of misdemeanors include simple assault, gambling, prostitution etc. However, other simple offenses like traffic violations are not considered as misdemeanors and are generally considered as violations or infractions. Crimes can ...

The FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting Program represents the coordinated efforts of more than 18,000 crime-reporting bodies throughout the United States. It comprises the voluntarily-reported data of law enforcement agencies at the city, state, university, county, federal, and tribal level. In place since 1930, the UCRP continues to amass statistical information about the frequency and types of crime brought to its attention. Each year, it provides data on the number of reported major crimes and Part 1 offenses, which include forcible rape, murder, aggravated assault, grand larceny, motor-vehicle theft, burglary, and arson. The UCRP also annually provides information ...

ABSTRACT

The juvenile crime rate has made a significant increase in America as children as young as eight years old are committing violent crimes. The juvenile justice system was first created to keep children out of adult prisons and to rehabilitate the children so that they will become productive non-criminal adults. This system has not been effective. Children are impacted by many factors when faced with decisions in today’s society. They are not as developed and lack the reasoning capability like adults. Thus, new approaches to juvenile justice must be instilled throughout the country in order to prevent more ...

1. Mandatory Minimums Mandatory minimum sentencing has been used for hundreds of years to lock those who commit crimes away for a guaranteed amount of time or to guarantee that the person in question receive a minimum fine. Initially, mandatory minimum sentencing conventions came about at the same time federal crimes were invented, with the passage of the 1790 Crimes Act (“History of Mandatory Minimum Penalties and Statutory Relief Mechanisms”). The modern version of mandatory minimum sentencing laws have come to only be applied to certain types of crimes, such as drug crimes, weapons charges, criminal possession of pornography, ...

Campaign Zero and Police Policies

In today’s society, there has been an increasing unrest on how police officers are treating the citizens of their towns. There are more news reports of police using unnecessary force when it comes to arresting a person or unfairly searching someone due to their racial background. Many advocacy groups against this type of behavior have sprung up over the months. These groups aim to protect citizens from being unfairly targeted by police as well as to change the ways police officers handle certain situations. One of these groups is called Campaign Zero. This group has targeted various problem ...

Crimes are unlawful, unjust, shameful or senseless activities. It can also be defined as a violation of morality and is punishable by law. Crimes are defined by criminal law that is a body that has rules that prohibit character that the government indicates as harmful to the society. Crimes can be divided into four major types that are personal crimes, beginning or incomplete crimes, statutory crimes, and property crimes. Beginning or incomplete crimes are the crimes that begun but were not completed, they include attempted robbery and conspiracy. Statutory crimes are the crime of a state and can be ...

<Institution Name> The news article chosen by me discusses murder and rape committed as an act of violence against an innocent woman. The crime covers one of the most serious acts of violence that can be committed against humanity because it is a crime which goes against decency and humanity. According to the story, the rapist murdered a woman and then murdered her, while dumping her body at a distance from the beach. Rape is defined as sexual assault against a person, which can involve sexual intercourse and sexual penetration of any sort to a non-consenting party, against ...

The study sought to establish how the race of the defendant and the type crime that the individual commits affects the decisions that jurors make (Gordon et al., 191). The research used 56 participants that focused on making the decisions on jail terms regarding both white and black hypothetical criminals that had committed blue-collar and white-collar offenses. The hypothesis of the study is: Do the race of the defendant and the type of crime affect juror decisions (Gordon et al., 192). There were two independent variables in the study. According to the thesis, the investigation was on the impacts ...

Introduction

No form of punishment engenders more controversy than the death penalty. Although capital punishment has been used since ancient times, its modern utilization is repeatedly called into question. The United States stands alone among Western world counterparts in its continued use of the death penalty. Among the international community, the general trend largely reflects a discontinuance of capital punishment. For instance, member states of the European Union have all abolished the death penalty (Shin, 2007, p. 505). Given the overwhelming number of nations that have since abolished the death penalty, it is somewhat surprising that the United States continues ...