Essays on Empires

Peter the Great is considered to be the tsar, who has dragged Russia out of the medieval circumstances to such a degree, that by his passing in 1725, Russia was viewed as a main eastern European state. Peter the Great in his efforts to modernize Russia in the early 1700’s has brought together government, modernized the armed force, made a naval force and expanded the enslavement and subjection of the laborers. His residential arrangement permitted him to execute a forceful outside approach. Somebody might think that Peter the Great’s reforms were more cosmetic, however that is not ...

Many of the foreigners who came to India were as a result of trade in the 17th century; the traders began conquering territories in India over the years. After the fall of Bengal in the battle of Plassey, the British moved in and divided India through force of arms (Singh, 1984). During World War II, British and other European colonial empires experienced a strain leading to the other European colonial empires relieving the colonial grip on Asia and Africa. However, Britain was not part of the release of the colonial states. The National Congress of India proposed to support ...

Introduction

Before the formation of states, the areas were always divided into realms. These were mainly vast lands that would always be formed primarily through the acts of acquisition. In the process of acquiring these new pieces of lands under their control, the emperors would always require that the inhabitants of these areas would always have to conform to their rules and ways of life. These may include issues such as religion, culture and even economic activities. The rise of Islamic empires throughout the world played a significant role when it came to matters of the spread of Islam throughout ...

Hitler and the Nazi party came to power in 1933 by 1939 they had begun their quest to invade and rule all of Europe. During this time, unknown to the rest of Europe Hitler and the Nazis were also implementing their “final solution” which was the systematic execution of Jews and any others that they deemed not suitable to exist in the ideal society that Hitler had been selling to the German people through his speeches and propaganda (Kershaw, 2008, pgs. 36-43). Once the Allied forces defeated the Nazi forces and Hitler escaped his judicial fate by committing suicide. ...

Multiple factors went into play before the Europeans claimed dominance over world trade routes and conquered vast lands outside Europe. With a particular interest in the fact that the Chinese boasted better navigation tools and sea vessels than the Portuguese and the Spanish did by the fifteenth century (World Shrinks17mins), the rise of the West benefited greatly from the lack of competition. In other words, if the Chinese had maintained their desire to show their military prowess to other nations, then the West would have taken longer if not failed to come into power. A view of the animated ...

How the world shrinks

The primitive era saw the world coming together in the 15th and 16th century whereby there were a shift and movement of kingdoms all around the world. The example of Angola stands as an important one as it saw a movement of the Europeans into Angola and the surrounding areas. There was a better system of administration, judiciary, and management in the country after the Europeans entered the country, and it led to its betterment. To name the areas as primitive only means, there was a lack of available options for improving the societal conditions, and when the country ...

Throughout the history of Europe, Africa and Asia there had been Empires. These included the Roman, Akkadian, Babylonian, Greek, Shang, Persian, Holy Roman, Bulgarian, Byzantine and Russian Empire along with many more. While Africa, Asia and Europe went through many Empires, South America only had three, the Aztec, Inca and Mayan before the arrival of the Europeans. This paper will look at the effect of Europe’s need to increase their empire on the New World. The first European arrivals to the New World were the Spanish, who decided to expand their empire into the Caribbean after Columbus had ...

Introduction

The civilization that took place in Ancient Egypt is widely known for its great achievements in various fields such as statecraft, engineering, architecture, and medicine. The large and marvelous buildings found along the banks of the Nile River still leave people at awe despite their old age. The civilization of the region is partly attributed to the unification of the Egyptians under one ruler in different sections of the Nile Valley. Empire building gave the ancient individuals a sense of stability and organization that allowed them to focus on civilized practices and behaviors. The ancient Egyptians emerged as one ...

America and the Great War

Nationalism, imperialism and militarism are considered to be the three major causes to have set the stage for the Great War or the World War I (WWI). Nationalism is a strong association, devotion and loyalty to one’s country. It was not specific to a single country as nationalism was prevalent throughout Europe (Hamilton & Herwig, 2003). During the course of the nineteenth century nationalism became stronger. During this period basic literacy had increased which contributed to nationalism. Imperialism is the second major cause of the WWI. Imperialism refers to a country expanding its power and influence using military or ...

In the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, prejudice (which is basically an opinion made on a person due to the way they look, the color of their skin, their religion and how the dress) and perceptions of a person based on their appearance play an important role in the events that occur in the book. One can see this is both the treatment of the creature and later in the story of the fall of the DeLacey family. This paper will look at the prejudices in the novel and if and how they still exist today. We can see ...

Societies have their base on human interaction. For many years, human evolution has depended on communication for fulfilling needs and setting new challenges. The migration of tribes, the first forms of commerce, the birth of civilizations were all possible thanks to communication. One may see the evident impact of communication on the evolution of the world, which has obviously changed from the pre-historic times to the present. Even though communication has not always led to positive outcomes, humans have proven that only good and effective communication leads to success. The transformation of tribes into empires depended greatly on who ...

Introduction

On most occasions, historians construct world history according to the emergence of civilizations associated with a particular empire. Egypt is one of the rich areas studied by the scholars to understand how ideas and people came together to formulate civilizations and empires. Imagine a region that is sparsely populated but still fertile and watered by several water sources. Individuals settle in the region and proceed to domesticate the animals and plants. The process of domestication is made possible by migration and riverine territories. As the population rises, so do the needs of the people. The requirements introduce political and ...

Pope Innocent III was born in 1160 and was named Lotario de Conti di Segni. His reign as the Pope started on 8th of January 1198 to July 1216 during which he established a legacy as one of the most influential popes of all time. Pope Innocent III was born in Gavignano with his father being a member of a famous lineage which had produced nine Popes. Pope Innocent III mother was also from a noble family. The Pope achieved his early education in Rome and later enrolled for theology in Paris. He was a brilliant student and through ...

In this project, I am going to investigate how the empire building process in the early Egyptian dynasties contributed to the world civilization process. Egypt is historically known to be one of the sources of early civilization process. The building of empires led to the development of architectural events that resulted in some of fascinating pyramids and works of art in history. This particular period saw numerous advancements in science, technology, and algebraic math that facilitated civilization through architectural development and emergence of education. Therefore, I will seek to answer questions such as:

How did empire building lead to civilization in the ancient Egypt?

Which aspects of the Egyptian culture ...

1.The age of hope The keys to understanding of present and future, as a rule, inextricably linked with the understanding of human past. Imperialism has long been a dominant force in the history of human civilization. Imperialism is inseparable from the colonial policies, the seizure of new territories and the exploitation of indigenous peoples. Someone inclined to regard imperialism as a purely negative phenomenon, but it’s worth noting that it also had some positive effects. At the end of the XVII century Britain and France have entered the group of the most powerful nations. It was the beginning ...

What question does the author pose? This typically is implied rather than stated explicitly, so you might be searching for something that is not literally in the text.

Thesis/position/argument/claim

Where do you first find the argument? The argument is first realized in page 89 where the author says “the extraordinary sensitivity of the Ottoman elite to local conditions allowed them to build an empire across three continents that endured for many centuries.”(Greene 89). It is an indication of the involved process and what it would take to achieve control over other states or people. There are other sections in ...

Capitalism was the main driving force that led to creation of colonial empires. It began to spread during the time of the Middle Ages and was that impetus due to which market relations started to develop rapidly. Mainly construction and plundering of the colonial system became the basis of such empires. It is obvious that such system largely depended on overseas territories and could last as long as these territories remained obedient and had enough resources. During these historical developments, the main ways of trade and economic centers of Europe gradually shifted from the Mediterranean lands to countries which ...

When Pliny the Younger wrote a letter to Emperor Trajan, Christianity was an inferior religion to Judaism, and did not receive recognition. Many Christians faced persecution for their faith as was the case with those who Pliny the Younger killed. According to Tacitus what made the Christians very disagreeable to the Romans was that Christians did not supplicate to the Roman gods. His accusation was that all libels sent with no author must have come from the Christians, and by that claim, Tacitus meant that only Christians wrote libels. For that reason, the implication of the same is that ...

The Atlantic Revolutions were a wave of social breakthroughs taking place between the 1770s and the 1820s in the Atlantic World, empires having the access to the Atlantic Ocean. The Atlantic Revolutions stroke Europe as well as South and North America, mainly influencing the social life in the United States, France and French-controlled Europe, Spanish America. Smaller revolutionary acts arose in Switzerland, Brazil, and Russia. Being the strong push factor The Atlantic Revolutions gave a start to the independence movements in the New World, which began with the American Revolution in 1775–1783 and finished with gaining independence by ...

Following the Napoleonic wars, there was a gentlemen’s agreement between both Britain and the French empire to largely stay out of one another’s way. Nevertheless, they still nearly came to blows on a number of occasions during the 19th century. Yet, the British and French Empires gradually came to see one another as potential allies, even if not as close friends. This relationship benefited both powers in very material ways. Both were concerned about the increasingly aggressive nature of Germany and the alliances it was forming, as well as the rising power of Russia under the Czar. ...

Undoubtedly, Joseph Conrad's creativity can be considered unique and quite rare. This rarity and uniqueness are due to the very origin of the author, whose real name was Józef Korzeniowski (Kolocotroni 154). This had a very difficult and long way to go before he gained experience in understanding the world, people, and society. Not being a native English speaker, Conrad wrote the short story Heart of Darkness, which perpetuated his name in the history of the world literature. This novella affects a number of problems of a different nature and direction. The most predominant of such problems became ...

Explain significant international and domestic challenges that the United States confronted since World War I.

A. Explain the major causes of the Great Depression: The Great War, now known as World War I, had a profound impact on the international political and economic system. The fallout from this upheaval left many countries economically and politically devastated. A variety of industries and businesses were effected by the destructive violence that was brought by the war. In order to maintain their resources a variety of nations had bankrupted themselves, turning to borrowing or even printing their own money to continue. Furthermore, the war disrupted the generally stable patterns of international trading routes, leading to the dissolution ...

The Great War was the bloodiest war in world history up to that point. Many historians claim that the buildup to the war was caused my militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism (MAIN). This might be the composite indicator, but special importance should be placed on the Dual-Alliance between Austria-Hungary and the German Empire. The two came together for a myriad of reasons, most importantly a shared fear of Russian aggression, and remained together for over thirty years. Thus, an entire generation grew up recognizing that the two Germanic empires were closely allied, and the knowledge pervaded the culture of ...

It is an interesting aspect of history and that prior to the 16th century Europe and its various nations were merely a barbaric and insignificant periphery on the world stage. Great Asian powers dominated most of the known world, both militarily and economically. Following Columbus’s voyage in 1492, Europe slowly shifted to become the geographic, economic and military center of the entire world. In no small part due to its superior ships and superior seamanship, Europe was able to use its newfound capabilities to tap into the riches to be gained from both the New World and Asia. ...

Introduction

The Mughal, or also known as the Mogul, is an empire that reigned in India and Pakistan, between the 16th and 17th Centuries. It was discovered in the year 1526 by prince Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur, who was a Chagatai Turkic prince at that time. The Moghul Empire started in the city of Kabul in Afghanistan, which also became the first base of the empire. The rise of the empire was a result of the perpetuating political strife that its founders and leaders had, having an abundance of wealth during their reign. It was an empire found and built upon ...

There is a wide accepted concept that after centuries of development, the Muslim world began to decline in the 15th century. Did it really decline? In this work I would like to illustrate the main trends of developments of the Muslim world in early 15 – early 20 century. We know that in part of the second millennium, and for five centuries later there were many Asian invasions in other regions of the world, wide expansion (Seljuk, Arab, Turkish). But then the stagnation began. Since the "golden age" of the Abbasid Empire, it has not changed territorially. And large areas ...

There exist many written historical documents that provide information on the history of India. Some of the primary and secondary historical sources on the history of India include the following. For instance, Dharmasutras which was a law book of ancient India, forms part of these sources. The book which is a primary historical document on India contains information on the code of duties for administrators, kings, and the people. The book also provides information on punishment that was meted on those who broke the laws. Kautilya’s Arthasastra is another primary historical source of the history of India. The ...

The struggle for independence is not a new topic in Europe as the region’s history depicts a myriad of conflicts that occurred for the sake of independence from monarchies and the desire for self-governance. Throughout the past centuries, larger European empires broke down into smaller states while others merged to their partners or faded entirely. However, even after the Great Wars have ended, there were still factions hoping to separate themselves from their respective countries in the hopes of reestablishing their identities prior to their inclusion to larger countries. Catalonia, for instance, has been actively working on pushing ...

At the beginning of the 13th century, Genghis Khan united most of the Mongolian tribes into one state under his own administration. He became the first Mongolian Khan and actually the most influential one. He was the first who organized the conquests to China, Middle Asia, Eastern Europe and Caucasus. That made it possible to determine Mongolian state and later empire as one of the most powerful institution of the Middle Age. What is more, the Mongol Empire was the largest country in the world history covering at the once over 38 million square meters (May). The rise of ...

The thirteenth century to the seventeenth century can be considered a period of ascendancy as there are many examples of dominance and the fight for superiority between various groups and empires: most notably through the Mongol Empire, the destruction of the Abbasid Empire, and the consolidation of the Ottoman Empire. In the thirteenth century, Mongol invasions were rampant all over Asia, leading through the Middle East and into Europe. They were sent by the Mongol Empire to gain territorial expansion across Eurasia and the Middle East. Mongol armies led by Genghis Khan invaded Iraq and Iran beginning in the ...

Sovereign Statehood Is A Modern Fiction That Has Been Universalized Through Imperialism And Decolonization. Critically Analyze This Statement Using Examples From More Than One Part Of The World

Introduction

Sovereignty in international relations is a concept that indicates that a state is constitutionally independent. In politics, a state is considered sovereign if it exists in a legal, absolute, and unitary condition where the state is equal to other states in international law and is not answerable to any other foreign state (Biersteker and Weber, 1996). A sovereign state has clearly defined borders within which people reside and the government of ...

The European society is affecting the world, even from the past. They are involved in most of the historical revolutionary changes. European civilizations became the first nations which still exist in the modern times. They have begun conquests in the areas of Science, Politics and even Religion before the 16th century. The belief in theories and postulates created by the laws of Science and the religious beliefs established by the church is considered a dichotomy nowadays. However, the political powers that rule Europe go hand in hand with religious orders. These conflicts resulted in revolutionary changes and it developed ...

Introduction

The world we live in today has not always been what it is but has been built to what it is today. While little is known of the Western world, specifically the Americas before explorers such as Christopher Columbus discovered it, there exists rich literature of ancient civilizations that have shaped all spheres of modern life. The most recognized civilizations include the Egyptian civilization, the Roman Empire, and the Greek civilization. The fall of one civilization led to the rise of another civilization and so forth. The earliest recorded civilization, however, is the Egyptian civilization and scholars have credited ...

Morineau and Chaudhury reckon that the early modern period falls “roughly between 1500 and 1800”; apparently, the era was subject to rapid growth and development throughout the European continent (1). Accordingly, the subtle changes that began in Western Europe gained momentum and rapidly spread to the rest of the regions and beyond as settlers migrated with the acquired ideas to other territories. Extensively, though history often overlooks the role of the modern period in forming future civilizations, an analysis of the mentioned times reveals a correlation that only serves as proof of the former influencing the latter. After all, ...

The world has undergone myriad transformations, which has ultimately changed this epoch into the knowledge era. Two major empires of the world that are considered to form the knowledge base of Christian and Muslim worlds are Roman Empire and Abbasid Caliphate. If a historical analysis is done on both the empires, various commonalities can be drawn from both – first being the significant spread of knowledge. Roman Empire lasted for over 1400 years and the Abbasid Empire lasted for over 500 years. The first common factor that remains common in both the empires is marked by internal peace. For Romans, ...

Introduction

The Ottoman Empire was one of the world’s largest empires with history dates back to the Islamic medieval period from the 10th to 11th centuries. The main religion of the Ottoman Empire was Islam and most of their architecture and art was based on the religion as well. The beautiful buildings that exist today were the relics of the old Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire was originally founded in 1299 by the tribe who distinguished themselves as Oghus Turks under the rule of King Osman I. Ottoman empire stretched from the mainland Turkey and controlled various countries in ...

Mark Mozower’s history book specifically pages 71-181 is about a struggle towards nationalism and the conflicts that arose between minorities and the majority groups in Central and Eastern Europe. It was after the World War I that the clamor for nations and states was high. Empires were divided and united with the concept of nationality. It was the solution that the majority ethnics and groups saw. However, instead of uniting the people through nations, it divided them even more. Minority ethnics and groups who are in the borders refused to be assimilated to the majority groups. Conflicts were ...

The Ottoman and the Habsburg territories were the two major talked about empires that formed distinct categories in the Europe. The Mediterranean surrounded the two. Rooted in the Sunni Islam, the Ottoman Empire occupied the eastern and southern Mediterranean. On the other hand, with the Roman Catholic Christianity as their religion, the Habsburg Empire covered the western and northern Mediterranean. Though similar in some ways to the socio-economic ways, however, both the empires comprised of varying many different ethnic and religious groups. (Pál and Geza 47) Inalcik narrates that “Ottoman judiciary the judges were the administrators in the ...

Hamilton, R & Herwig, H. (2003).  The Origins of World War 1. Cambridge, Cambridge The website is owned by the Library of Congress and has an abundance of scholarly works in the subject of history. The book offers the background to the war beginning 1914. It offers an insight into state bureaucracies that made the decisions as well as how past experiences of the two Bulkan wars helped shaped the perceptions on WWI. It points out specific individuals that were responsible for the decision making during the war as opposed to most books that place blanket responsibility on countries involved. ...

2.11 Modern imperialism and economic globalization Economic globalization refers to increased instances of integration and interdependence among various national economies of the world. While the phenomenon has grown over the years as a result of deliberate government actions such as trade deals, the idea has its origins in the era of colonization by the world powers from the beginning of the sixteenth to the twentieth centuries. The effects of imperialism on the global economy continue to be felt until today. It is therefore important to have some background on imperialism. Imperialism was initially a project of a few European ...

The Mongols are an ethnic group of people. They lived as minorities in areas of China and Russia. Their origin can be traced to the 8th century. They were equated with ethnic groups such as Magog and Tungusic. Their ancestry was traced back to the nomadic confederation that had occupied Manchuria and Eastern Mongolia. Mongols indeed lived a nomadic lifestyle in search of mostly food and pasture, also for adventure. Mongolia received 250 cloudless days in a year. Their only way for survival was mobility hence their nomadic lifestyle. It was a demanding lifestyle to avoid the hazardous environments ( ...

When a Ferguson grand jury declines to charge policeman Darren Wilson for murdering Michael Brown, Ta-Nehisi Coates watches as his son Samori walks into his bedroom and cries. Michael Brown is a young African American boy who was unarmed when he was shot by the police officer in Missouri. Ta-Nehisi Coates is a national correspondent for The Atlantic, a winner of the National Book Award and a recipient of the MacArthur “Genius Grant” 2015. Between the World and Me is a critical response he writes to his son that explains and details his experience of racism in the United ...