Wage Critical Thinkings Samples For Students

Summary

Minimum wage legislation is a very popular and populist issue. There are both economic and social needs to be addressed in the matter. There are also very highly opposing positions in the discussions.
There are many arguments in favor minimum wage legislation. Perhaps, the most important among them are four rationales: poverty alleviation, reduce wage inequality, employee protection, and economic stimulation. Meanwhile, among the four more important arguments against minimum wage legislation are: increased unemployment, aggravated poverty, increased high school drop-out rate and prolonged unemployment periods, and reduced global competitiveness.
In the light of the present world economic ...

Barbara Ehrenreich’s presents a clear and concise account of the methods that millions of American uses to survive the economic struggles in American. In addition, the 2001 book, “Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting by in America” analyzes how individuals survive on minimum paying jobs. Ehrenreich postulates that even though these individuals work under poor economic conditions, there is a strong “work ethic” present. But, this work ethic does not help to provide the basic necessities of transportation, food, and shelter. For those individuals who work in hotels, restaurants, retail stores, and a number of other service jobs the wages are not ...

Minimum wage can be defined as the lowest daily, hourly, or even monthly payment that employees can legally be given by employers. This is defined as the lowest wage in which employees can sell their labor. It is the statutory remuneration that is fixed by the Agricultural Wages Advisory Board and the General Wages Advisory Board or any other council of any sector which has been established by the ministry of labor. Constitutional minimum wages were suggested in order to control the explosion of different sweat shops and especially in manufacturing industries. Sweat shops were known to employ large ...

Introduction

Foxconn Technology Group is a Taiwanese company that manufactures and assembles many products of Apple, including iPad and iPhone in China (Hays, n.pag.). The number of people employed by the company is over 0.1 million. However, the company has been in news recently for being alleged of unethical human resource practices and inappropriate treatment of employees. The objective of this paper is to understand the pros and cons of Foxconn issue through article review.

The paper is divided into four sections. The first section deals with analysis and evaluation of arguments in favour of the issue through an identified article. ...

Critical Thinking

Labour Unions came to the United States almost as last as the nineteenth century, while they were already gaining popularity in Europe as a result of the industrial revolution of the late eighteenth to mid nineteenth century. There was a growing need for labour unions and spokes persons for the labour force as industrialisation set in. Labour Unions in the United States have come a long way since then and become a force to reckon with. There is however a constant debate on the advantages and disadvantages of being a Union member and employing a member of the Union from the organization’s point of view. ...

Authors may use statistics in a biased way with the intention of making their points plausible. This paper cross-examines three articles; one by Los Angeles Times, The Forbes Magazine, and The Wall Street Journal on rising minimum wages in the USA examining their approaches and possible biases.
Kitroeff (2016) quoting the UC Berkeley’s Centre for Labor Research and Education noted that those who stand to gain from higher minimum wages in California are the low-income adults comprising of a majority of the housed breadwinners. In the article, Kitroeff argues the about 5.6 million low earners stand to earn $ ...

Policies on minimum wages in the United States are common in the headlines in the current era. Globally, it has become a common trend and various countries following the ongoing dynamics in economical trends. In the United States, every job has stipulated wages. These policies are governed by the Fair Labor Standards act. Besides, there are other laws, which operate locally to determine the minimum wages for every job. The main goal of these laws is to ensure that every American who is working is paid fairly according to the work he has done. In America, the minimum wages differ ...

When purchasing a new apparatus, Companies consider the price of the item, the amount of revenue that the new item can create for the Company eventually, as well as, the scrap value of the new item. Besides, the Company must consider the rate of interest, which the Company uses in computing the present value of the future net income, which can be expected from the new apparatus. The Company will buy the item if the present value is positive, but if the present value is negative, the Company will not purchase the item. Similarly, the decision to go to college ...

Executive Summary

Executive Summary

Summary of the Article

In the article Numbers and Costs of Occupational Injury and Illness in Low-Wage Occupations, the author Leigh (2012) described the findings of a study that aimed to address the problem of what the costs of occupational injury and illness are within low-wage occupations, and which of the said occupations contribute most to those costs.
The determination of the solution to this problem would provide public health administrators -- or the government in general – with information on the costs being incurred for injuries and diseases, which in turn would enable them to efficiently allocate healthcare resources. Moreover, by ...

The business environment is characterized with various complex business activities and processes that result to conflicts. For example, the most prevalent conflict concept in most of the organization around the globe is the conflict between an organization and the unions of workers. This is based on various employees’ conditions and terms such the enumerations among other factors. However, there are various other conflicts that arise from the business activities and processes like competing firms that lead to the formation of cartels, conflicts on prices with suppliers, among others (Deutsch Coleman & Marcus 2011, p. 26). Resolution of conflicts involves a complex ...

According to Peter Drucker, Post-Capitalist Society (1993) [Lustig], the communist analysis on the capitalistic system consists in concentration on the thesis that wage-laborers are being subjugated by wealth holders and in return obtain only part of the profits of their labor; and with the accumulation of capital the dissimilarity of earnings between laboring poor and non-laboring rich tends to boost. The Marxist resolution in this case suggest confiscate the capitalists’ property and expose them to the same situation as wage-laborers, so that everybody can turn to an employed person and get paid according to his skills. The general work ...

QUESTION # 1

Personal sexism refers to attitudes, traits, and behaviors that have been forced to be appropriate for women and men. Many lifestyles, occupations, and works are just held for men such as police officers and corporate officers that just define the characteristics women do not have. In the same way, women are seen as having certain characteristics such as being emotional, submissive, gentle etc that make her stick to the occupations such as teacher, nurse, typist etc. on the other hand, institutional sexism arises when some opportunities are only present for one sex as compare to the other one (Goss, ...

Wage rates between men and women have divided opinions among analysts and the employees themselves. In some companies, men and women in same jobs have been known to earn different wages, yet they do the same tasks for same periods of time. Income inequality between genders can be attributed to social beliefs and organizational cultures that regard female employees to be lower than their male counterparts. However, it is important that the wage ration of female workers and that of male workers is 1.

Equality in wages for both men and women should be enforced because all employees in ...

Hoop Dreams: Job Discrimination

Question #1:
When it comes to determining compensation an employee deserves, several factors would have to be taken into consideration. First of all, the need of the company for an employee to perform a particular job must be balanced with the cost factor, the realistic amount the company is able to afford. The skill requirement for the job must be considered, because if the job is a difficult one requiring a lot of education, experience, and so forth, it will be harder to find, attract, and keep employees who have these skills. If little training or education is required, the compensation ...

A quota is a trade restriction imposed by the government that limits the amount or value of goods imported or exported into a country (Carbaugh, 2010, p. 151). An import quota affects the consumers, producers and the national welfare. Firstly, a quota reduces the supply of a commodity in the importing country’s domestic market. The reduction in supply causes an increase in market price thus leading to a decline in consumer surplus (Carbaugh, 2010, p. 151). However, the increase in market price benefits both foreign and domestic traders hence producer surplus increases (Carbaugh, 2010, p. 151). However, the ...

Richard Nixon (1913-1994) served as the 37th president of the United States from 1969-1974 when he resigned. An economic climate of high interest rates, large government spending and high inflation shaped President Nixon’s economic policies (Friedman, 16). President Nixon’s economic policies were geared towards making amends for the wrong economic policies that president Johnson had made.
President Nixon imposed wage and price freezes by taking advantage of the new authorities. He enacted price and wage controls to reduce inflation and strengthen the economy. He ordered for a 90-day freeze on all process and wages throughout the US ( ...

Financialization is the process by which financial institutions increase in size and influence on the overall economy by strengthening the country’s financial sector. The process occurs in countries that are perceived to have shifted their economies from industrial capitalism. It has been occurring in the United States and other parts of the world since the 1970s. The process has affected both the macro economy and the micro-economy by changing the manner in which financial institutions are structured and operate in the entire economy.
The United States has experienced high levels of financialization through the loss of manufacturing and ...

English

Who works harder, Native born Americans or Immigrants?
The debate about who works harder in this country has is an argument that never goes away. There are many ways to view this question, but most often the argument often favors immigrants. The question itself could be tricky depending on the context, but there is no doubt to the fact that immigrants work harder in the United States compared to native-born Americans. Many Americans get offended by this, but really they should not be taking offense. Native born Americans have privileges that immigrants will never have, no matter how ...

Introduction

One of the legally required benefits available to employees is protection against discrimination in their workplace. This is the selected area which this paper proposes to examine. The U.S. Department of Commerce has categorized potential discriminations in the workplace as “REGARDS” each letter of which refers to race, ethnicity, gender (sex), religion, disability, and sexual orientation respectively as part of best practices in achieving workforce diversity in one of its reports. As such, the most common forms of discrimination in vogue at workplaces are the above said ones in addition to genetic information, pregnancy, and sexual harassment. If an ...

Main Argument of the Readings

Silvia Federici, Chandra Mohanty and Alicia Muszynski discussed in their respective articles the sociological facet of the inferiority perceived upon women. “Insatiable sexuality”, in the case of Federici, socioeconomic differences for Mohanty and race-gender stratification noted by Muszynski all point to reasons why women, under different classifications, receive unfair treatment. The three articles stand united in explaining that women received discrimination because of their biological sex and that it is a demeaning factor when added with other condescending characteristics such as socioeconomic conditions and race.

Personal Argument on the Readings

On a personal note, I perceive the connection between the three articles as highly characteristic of ...

Return on Investment (ROI)

“Return on Investment can be defined as a performance measure used to evaluate the efficiency of an investment or to compare the efficiency of a number of different investments” .

Data:-

Per hour wage of trainees : 12$
Time spent on training : 2 hours
Additional Benefits to trainees : 25% of wage
Additional wage for instructor : 25%
Distance learning cost : 5,000$
Material cost per training : 60$
Before training sales : 6,000$ per week
After training sales : 7,500$ per week
ROI = (Gain on investment – Cost of investment)/Cost ...

1) GNP is equal to the sum of the values of all consumer and investment goods, government purchases, net exports to other countries. The GNP is used for many purposes, but the most important is that it determines the performance of the entire economy. A sharp decrease in the cost of goods and services produced by the economy, that is, a sharp decrease in GDP entails poverty, bankruptcy, failure of banks, the chaos and political turmoil. Gross national product (or GNP) is the most extensive measure of total national output of goods and services. This is the sum of ...

In production, when the price of capital changes due to the relative change in labor than capital becomes cheaper and labor dearer. The capitalist then substitute the cheaper one for the costlier one.
Figure 11.4, 11.5,11.6
In the figure 11.4 shows the VMPL curve, which is MPL multiplied by price of the output. The curve is diminishing which shows that the amount capitalist will add to increase his revenue by hiring one more labor at different levels of employment.
The figure 11.5(a) shows that in the labor market the part of the labor that will be employed ...

Conflict between Capitalists and Landlord

There exist diminishing returns to scale in the agricultural production due to the limited amount of land. When the world population increases, then the production of the agricultural production increases while more people are hired in the agricultural production. The surplus is distributed to the landowners (as rent), to the workers (as the wage), and the capital owners (as profit). Under the condition of diminishing returns, the agricultural production cannot increase the surplus to increase the profits, the wages, and the rent. The rent is fixed for the limited amount of land; therefore, the capital owners and the workers ...

Problem Solving in Six Steps

Introduction to Developing Solution in Six Steps
In this paper, I will analyze a problem of an individual, and implement the developing solution in six steps strategy. The six steps approach comes from the field of developing projects (McMahon 2012). While developing a project, project teams have to understand the problem deeply and define it in explicit words. Writing the problem explicitly gives the project team the information to develop solutions (The Global Development Research Center 2016). The project team can use stakeholder analysis to understand the position of the relevant people or institutions regarding developing the solution alternatives. ...

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) became a federal statute in March of 2010 (H. R. 3590, 2010). The PPACA required that group health plans and health insurance issuers cover all applicants for health insurance without regard to pre-existing conditions or sex of the applicant. Dependent insurance is required to cover uninsured children up to the age of 26. The PPACA further required that group health plans and health insurance issuers provide a stipulated minimum standard benefit at the same rates for everyone. Subsidies were available for eligible individuals, small business, and families. Government subsidies were made ...

Question 1.

There are merits that a company can accrue from paying above minimum wages for workers. The benefits that a firm can accrue from doing so are many. If it is possible, companies that have high revenue turnovers should pay their employees above minimum wages. An employee’s productivity is directly related to pay levels. Staff will be productive and willing to sacrifice their free time to contribute towards the betterment of the company is the pay they are receiving is satisfactory. Therefore, if employees are paid more, they will work harder and produce higher output than if they are ...

Intersectionality theory awakens discourse on whether feminism is a universal whole, or a multi-layered facet. Indeed, as much as there is a lot of commonality in the feminist movement, the different aspects of ‘difference’ experienced by women, like race, ability, etc cannot be overemphasized. These aspects of difference call for a reexamination on the means of furthering the feminism cause. Should intersectionality of feminism include the many axes of life affecting women like the fight for minimum wage or homosexuality debates?
Carastathis argues that, “a productive alternative is theorizing the subjective conditions necessary for enacting a feminist politics of solidarity” (Carasthasis p.29).

She advocates ...

Gauging labor lost to union disputes each year

In the event that the firms increase the hourly wage rate owing to the constant strikes that are brought by unions, the employees' annual salary is bound to increase. It is only possible if the employees utilize all the time available to them in their various workstations. The employers cannot pay for hours not worked, therefore, the longer the time taken in strikes, the more the employees are bound to lose in terms of their total salary. More time is taken in extended strikes, and this to a great extent hurts the pay slips of the employees. Even though in ...

- Historical Synopsis
The Second World War of 1939- 1945 is classifed by many as the war that redefined the international hierarchy of nations as the war destroyed and weakened once dominant nations while some rose in dominance. Throughout the war, several critical conflicts had redefined the course of the war, and one of them was the Attack in Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. The Attack not only signaled America’s formal inclusion in the war, but highlighted that the war was not just in Europe but also in the Pacific. In a surprise attack, the Japanese Imperial ...

There are various poems that any average literature student can study. Each poem, depending on the fundamental ideologies, and or past experiences of their authors, can be uniquely parallel from, or somewhat similar to each other. The objective of this paper is to discuss side by side Bronte’s Jane Eyre and Davis’ Life in the Iron Mills and compare the two based on the style of their writing and expression, and the themes and ideologies that were evident in their respective poetry-related work.

Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre

Jane Eyre was the name of the fictional main character in Charlotte Bronte’s book ...

Critical analysis of ‘Nike’s voice looms large. Social policy’ by Ballinger Jeff

Ballinger focuses his work on one company that has been known to exploit its workers. This is a tactic by Ballinger to ensure that his work is effective. Nike is a rich U.S. company that had been infamous for exploiting its workers. By using it as his target in his work, Ballinger was able to draw out worldwide attention for his book. An author writes his work with the aim of reaching out to his readers to make them aware or educate them about something. Ballinger as a labor activist had the aim to inform people of how rich companies used cheap ...

Culture encompasses all spheres of life. It constitutes the building blocks of what a society subscribes to in terms of norms, morals, values, customs, attitudes and beliefs. All these social and cultural factors shape our world views and forms our belief systems as individuals, which, in turn, motivate our behavior. Culture affects our perception of occupations as much as our biological make up does. Due to the cultural diversity that exists between the occupational beliefs of different individuals, it is necessary for employers to understand the concept of occupation equity. This refers to the variability that exist between the standards ...

Sustainability has no clear line of definition as it means a lot different things to different people. To some, it could be a way of living with regard to the extent they can bear. Others could define it as the production styles they use in their flow of business, or a business as a whole. It could imply the responses to policies especially in the question of to what extent the environment that should be consumed over time (Ana Markulev, 2013).
Sustainability entails the ability to do an activity continuously. In sustainable development, the current needs are met without affecting the ability ...

Current practices in Employee relations between the UK and Nepal

- Employee relations address the development of mutually beneficial relationships between employers and employees, (Dundon & Rollinson, 2007; Strauss, 2006).
- The United Kingdom has a very different culture from Nepal and the two countries are also on very different economic statuses. While the UK has a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (nominal) of $36,728 (Wilkinson, et al, 2004), Nepal has a GDP (nominal) of $1,400 (Adhikari, 2000).
- Nepal has a more than 100 ethnic groups that speak about 92 languages (Guru-Gharana, Dahal & Nepal Foundation for Advanced Studies, 1999), as opposed to the UK which has one dominant ethnic group ...

Abstract

This report discusses about one of the most important topics related to human resource management. The report discusses about the cross cultural management and the focus of the report has been on cultural shock. The report analyses one of the leading retailers of UK, Tesco and how this retailer has been managing diverse workforce. The report analyses the human resource practices that Tesco has used and applied in order to manage the cultural differences of its employees.

Introduction

Cross cultural management is one of the major ingredients for success for organizations in this challenging environment (Yamazaki & Kayes, 2004). As ...

Question 1

The similarity of the physical attributes of substitutes or the closeness in their ability to satisfy human want is a major determinant of elasticity of demand. A successful advertisement manages to convince consumers that the advertizing firm’s product is the best when compared to substitutes. This will make consumers avoid substitutes and buy the firm’s products even when their prices increase. Advertisements therefore reduce responsiveness of demand to changes in price level.
Monopolistically-competitive market is a market where an individual firm has control over the supply of a particular good or service which does not have close substitutes. Since ...