Essays on Pavement

Reflection and Refraction of Light

REFLECTION: Reflection of light is the change of direction that light experiences when it collides with an object and "bounces." The reflection of light makes it possible to see objects that do not emit their light . There are several applications of the reflection. One example is the "The Laugh House" of an amusement park, the person will probably see a very distorted image in a curved mirror. Similar deformations occur in the concavity of a shiny spoon or on the polished surfaces of a coffee machine or a car. Images look different due to irregular surface curvature; They have ...

It was in January 1986, and Everett’s family were travelers on Carnival's journey ship "Occasion." While strolling along a traveler pavement on the Lido deck of the boat, Mrs. Everett stumbled and fell, maintaining wounds to one side shoulder and upper limb. The boat reached the shore the following day when Mrs. Everett visited the doctor who prompted her to go back to their place to be treated. This family eventually flew back to Pennsylvania where Mrs. Everett was admitted to the hospital (Wyatt 147). That stuff which she stumbled on remained a metallic limit spread for a ...

A short synopsis: title, main characters, general plot

The Red-Headed League relates the case of the red-headed pawnbroker Wilson, who became a client of Sherlock Holmes after a chain of bizarre events occurred to him, leaving him baffled. The assistant of Mr. Wilson, Vincent Spaulding, who spends a lot of time in the cellar of his pawn shop, told him about the job advertisement that was hiring only males with red hair. The job was easy and well-paid and Mr. Wilson easily landed the job, as the color of hair satisfied the interviewer from the Red-Headed League. Mr. Wilson had to work only four hours a day ...

‘Richard Cory’ by Edwin Arlington Robinson is a simple poem about Cory which conveys the idea that money cannot buy happiness. It also throws light on misleading outward appearances of people which can easily make us draw wrong conclusions about situations. The poem relates the story of Richard Cory, who was a very wealthy man. He lived the life of a king: rich, elegant, and graceful. Whenever Cory passed by pavement dwellers, he appeared to be godly to those poor people who had seen nothing more than misery in their lives. They could not even earn their daily bread ...

Abstract

A dual carriageway is proposed to be constructed in the town moving in the east-west direction. The dual carriage is intended to be eight-kilometer long looping around the northern part of the town. Cut and fill techniques are used where half of the road is cut to a maximum of six meters. Half of the road is supported by an embankment of six meters high. At the eastern and western ends of the road are of grade where the road joins other roads and at the middle where the cut sections meet the filled sections. The road has a ...

Airport Pavement Management Program (PMP) and Airport Signage and Marking Program

Goals: Ensure provision of smooth surfaces with excellent skid resistance devoid of alligator cracks, frost heaving, pumps, ravels, pot holes and wheel rutting which may hinder effectual motion in the airport.

Ensure effectual repair and maintenance of Airport pavements

Ensure proper and clear signage and markings in airports Assumptions and other considerations: It is advisable to submit written suggestions of Airport pavement repairs to the regional Maintenance Engineer who then shares with the Airport Pavement Management Program coordinator in order to ensure good coordination between maintenance and construction initiatives at the airports. Detecting, recognizing and clearly marking runway holding positions and signs in an airport is effectual ...

Sinkholes; Made by nature or humans?

Abstract Sinkholes seem to swallow the earth and everything sitting on the surface. Some sinkholes are small and have relatively no effect on humans or property. Some sinkholes are very large and will leave ga[ing holes in the landscape. Sometimes these large sinkholes will devour a road and cause harm to the humans who live, work, and travel where the sinkhole is located. For example, a series of sinkholes and a landslide occurred simultaneously in Harbor, Oregon. This sinkhole was a combination of nature and human activity. Many sinkholes are caused by human activity that nature decides to ...

Everyday, human activities involve the use of different media of communication, including images. People come across different images on a daily basis but rarely take the time to reflect on their real meanings. Advertisements are among the most common types of images that we come across quite often. Solomon described advertisements to be a way of communicating the various issues affecting the society (60). Although the main aim of advertisements is to market certain products or services, all advertisements explain a specific issue affecting the society. This paper involves a visual rhetoric of two images that communicate issues of ...

Final Project

Kurt Wenner has for as long time been my favorite artist and model figure as far as my study and career in artist is concerned. He is known globally for his unmistakable skills in painting and has made two inventions in the artistic field. He has a master in arts and architectural designing and has specialized as both sculptor, ceramic and muralist artist. In addition to his architectural work Wenner also develop seminars, educational programs, workshops and corporate services. His architectural work was inspired by anamorphism, which is a technic that creates an illusion of height using frescoed ceilings. ...

Introduction

Most projects require materials of varying characteristics that need to be considered before the execution of such projects. A good analysis criteria should be employed when determining the properties of the material in question. One of the ways to analyze a material such as soil is the Undrained shear strength (Suc). This report explains the analysis carried out on a soil sample and the resulting classification according to AASHTO and USCS standards.

Materials

Harvard compaction device Compression device Evaporating dish Spatula Squeeze bottle Metal pan Clayey soil Procedure A sample of about 500grams of soil finer than # 40 sieve is ...

A greenway is usually defined as a paved path which is used for a range of purposes; it is actually multipurpose as it can accommodate several uses. Greenway pavement are used all over the world for specific purposes, however, they are majorly used as walk ways for pedestrians and biking. Although walkways are seemed to be less important by the general public, they possess a great use especially for bikers, pedestrians or old people who would want to walk around to boost their health (Smith, 2014). More often than not you would see several greenway pavements in several parks, ...

EASEMENT AGREEMENT

THIS GRANT OF EASEMENT, made and entered into this 1st day of January 2016, by and between Mr. David Land with mailing address at 124 West Main Street, Miami, Florida (hereinafter to be called the “GRANTOR”), and Mrs. Elizabeth Acre whose mailing address is 126 West Main Street, Miami, Florida (hereinafter to be called the “GRANTEE”) (Easement Agreement n.d.):

WITNESSETH:

WHEREAS, GRANTOR is the owner in fee simple of a piece of land located in 124 West Main Street, Miami, Florida (hereinafter referred to as the “Property”), which is described more particularly in Exhibit “A”, which is attached and ...

Introduction

The travel capacity of Lafayette Regional Airport is expected to expand significantly by the year 2034. Therefore, there is a need to expand its facilities to meet its increasing demand. In this paper, we investigate the a few requirements of Lafayette airport expansion. This will include primary and terminal access roads, terminal curb frontage, automobile parking facilities, warehouse/office facilities, cargo apron requirements, and air cargo acreage requirements. 4.5 AIRPORT ACCESS AND AUTOMOBILE PARKING REQUIREMENTS

4.5.1 Primary and Terminal Acess Roads Terminal access roads serve airport passengers, visitors and employees and connect primary airport access roads with terminal building ...

Every summer a lot of dog owners leave their pets in the hot car without realizing the real dangers for a dog and how fast the temperature inside can actually rise. Besides, well-behaved people cannot just open the unfamiliar car forcibly in order to save a pet without facing any charges in many states. It is a fact that a car may turn into the terrible burning hot oven in a very short period of time, even if it does not feel that so warm outside. For example, when it is a 78-degree day outside, the actual temperature inside of the parked car can rise ...

Objective

Fibre reinforced plastics (FRP) have demonstrated suitability for construction projects due to their strength and durability, while weighing very little. The attributes of FRPs were examined as well as, their applicability in hot, desert temperatures for road barriers and other road safety units.

Background – Composite Materials

Strength and stiffness are the main mechanical properties fibres add to composite materials. The fibres must have uniform diameter, similar strength between each fibre, and very large length-to-diameter ratio. Crystals within the fibre that are aligned with fibre length create high tensile strength. Fibres need to have air space and fibre packing needs to be random ...

Abstract

Microscopic analysis of materials is generally complex; hence engineers always look for alternative methods of analysis, by appropriate modelling. In specific, studying the damage of materials is important in almost every discipline of science/engineering/technology. Material damage includes the beginning, advancement and fracture of materials. The most important tool so far, used to analyze this damage, is called damage mechanics which relies heavily on continuum mechanics. It encompasses useful theories for the representation, modelling, and analysis of material damage. Broadly speaking, damage mechanics utilizes state variables to show the effects of damage. For instance, the variations in stiffness, and the ...

Introduction

This report will focus on failure damage on the road. It will take the given specifications from the director, and examine three different types of failure damage on a 300 meter stretch of pavement. The purpose of this project is to understand the road layers and the problems that may effect on each layer with different causes in each damaged selected location. This project also highlights the important role of creating study case and the advantage of making early fixing or maintenance to avoid the future unexpected damage on road. Moreover, this project’s emphasis how weather condition has the ...

[Author Name(s), First M. Last, Omit Titles and Degrees] [Institutional Affiliation(s)]

Introduction

System of road network is needed for any developed country and it is a vital part for infrastructure development. Main subjects of this study are pavement defects such as alligator cracking, bleedings and potholes. Such pavement distress as potholes and alligator cracking cause serious negative effects and decrease the lifespan of pavement. Additionally, the safety on road is questioned due to bleedings of pavement since the friction between car and pavement significantly decreases, meaning that the braking path increases. This study is concentrated on studying ...

- Introduction The subject of this study concerns some of the most serious pavement deficiencies: alligator cracking, bleeding, and potholes. Alligator cracking and potholes can often shorten the pavement’s lifespan. Bleeding more often impacts road safety; bleeding causes reduced friction which, in turn, can cause skidding for drivers. The case study focuses on alligator cracking, potholes, and bleeding in an effort to explain their impact on pavement, as well as how they are remedied. In an effort to better understand the detriment these issues cause, a local two-lane road was studied for evidence of distress and damage. ...

Abstract

Flexible pavement distresses are caused by poor design, wear and tear, and traffic loading beyond design capacity. The amount of loading that a pavement can bear without failure is determined by the strength of the subgrade and the surface layer. Pavement failures are of eight major types; potholes, bleeding, alligator cracking, rutting, shoving, depression, block cracking, and longitudinal cracking. Each pavement distress has causal gents and repair methods defined by local and international codes. This report shall focus on bleeding, potholes, and alligator failure.

Introduction

Potholes, bleeding, and alligator cracking which are the subject of this case study are some of ...

Question 1

Hot-Mix Asphalt Concrete (HMAC) is an energy intensive civil engineering material. According to the Environmental Life-Cycle Assessment studies done on the production of the Hot-Mix Asphalt shows that the process of mixing asphalt and drying of aggregates consumes more energy than the energy required in the extraction of crude oil and bitumen distillation. This aspect is unsustainable since the energy is primarily obtained from fossil fuels (70 to 80% of natural gas is used to produce Asphalt) which are non-renewable energy sources. One way of mediating this shortcoming is to obtain the energy from renewable sources such as solar, ...

Pavement distresses are distortions in the pavement surface and the subgrade either due to poor design or external factors. Distresses shorten the lifespan of a pavement and pose a danger to the road users or causes discomfort. This is a paper on the different types of road distresses, causes, and the mitigation measures which can be taken to remedy the distresses.

Rutting

Rutting is the accumulation of slow permanent deformation due to continuous densification of pavement layers caused by the shear displacement of the subgrade. Shearing causes uplifting on the sides of the rut. Rutting occurs along the tracks of heavy vehicles on a ...

Creative Writing

Part 1

Sometimes she wished she had never seen the advertisement. She sat in her room, with all the windows and doors closed. She was not sure of what would happen next. She wished she could go back in time and redo the things again. Only if she had a time machine to go back two weeks! Alice was a lovely girl in her teens. She was the heartthrob of all in her school. The boys used to try to woo her with their advances and chivalrous attitude. They would buy her a cup of coffee or drink, and seek chances ...

‘Instructor’s Name’

‘Subject’ Poetry Literary Analysis Essay - Richard Cory ‘Richard Cory’ a poem penned by Edwin Arlington Robinson is a narrative poem that delineates the need to cherish what one possess rather than envy others. First published in the year 1897, the poem is one of the most anthologized and memorable works of Robinson. As Morris opines, this poem condenses a man’s life into sixteen lines, and the simplicity and laconic nature of the poem intensifies the ironic touch. In this poem, the poet has made use of irony to convey the context and theme of the poem. Richard ...

Someone must turn the hourglass over!

For somehow the grains of sand gently slide through the tiny space.

Someone must watch the grains of sand.

And someone must see the gap that remains As the young sand drops and nothingness remains Until the glass is turned over once more; Till life and love begin once more. The old grains of sand, now newly replaced, Can rest in peace, dream and hope That someone is still turning the hourglass. -- Roberta Israeloff. Having walked the earth for roughly seventeen years, I have been able to create a rich palimpsest of experiences. Some recent, and conspicuous ...

Aims and Objective

The highways part aims to provide the student the basic understanding of highways design construction. An understanding of highway design construction needs an understanding of the practices associated with the rote selection is the traffic flows, vehicular behavior, and highway capacity, and also other environment. It is also aims the student to provide the basic understanding of the pavement and the traffic signals.

Learning Outcomes

This case study is to aims to give the student an experience of completing the exercise. The highway route selection, carriage stand, and the pavement design. This allow the student to become proficient in skills to ...

A construction zone basically refers to an area where road construction is ongoing. Drivers are expected to drive slower in these areas owing to unique features that are usually in a construction zone which may not be the case in other areas. There is a distinct process that is used in determining whether a certain area on a road is a construction zone for the purposes of traffic law in Canada. An area will be designated as a construction zone if there is any construction, reconstruction, or the maintenance of physical structure of the roadway or highway. There must be a warning of the work ...

Turkey is a country wants to join the European Union. The picture is from the Newsweek Journal cover with a title showing how Turkey is eager to join the EU. Two people working on a large Turkish flag. It is a very tidy picture which is kind of expressing their passion. The two guys are concentrated on what they are doing. The flag is given with a sky background. The flag is consisting of many bricks. It makes you feel like there is a pavement, you need to walk straight and you will reach the sky. The workers are preparing very tidy pavement for ...

Lab Report: Renewable Energy Lighting System Design

Introduction Communities around the country as well as around the world are setting sustainable development goals. Twidell and Weir (2006, 2) define sustainable development in general terms as “living, producing and consuming in a manner that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.” Renewable energy sources are critical for sustainability. Renewable sources like wind and sun are different from fossil fuels because intense human labor is not necessary. Renewable resources do not negatively impact the environment which is also an important factor for reaching sustainability goals. Twiddel and Weir ( ...

Normally, oxygen is found in gas form. However, this gas can be separated from other components of air through distillation, and then cooled into liquid oxygen. In its liquid form, oxygen can be used to propel rockets as they are launched into space. Liquid oxygen can also be used in making explosives. However, liquid oxygen is a very volatile substance hence; making it dangerous to make explosives. When liquid oxygen comes into contact with an asphalt pavement, there are likely to be hazardous impacts. The reaction usually causes fire, which is followed by an explosion. In its liquid form, ...

English Class

Analysis of the sidewalk symbol in the story Jose Armas’ “El Tonto del Barrio” portrays the situation of a touched man named Romero Estrado – or, more popularly known as “El Cotoro” in Golden Heights Centro because he whistles and sings while he sweeps the sidewalks. At the heart of the story is a compelling comparison between the protagonist, Romero, and the son of a barber, Seferino, whose sense of care conflicts with the former’s special disability. Integrated into the story’s plot is Romero’s sudden change of behavior from ‘good’ to ‘bad’ and then ‘bad’ to ‘good’ when Seferino ...

Good Vibrations is a cartoon short about social responsibility and the cost of being complacent

The plot of the story is very simple and there’s no dialogue, it basically tells the story of an office worker noticing a road worker with a jack hammer has caused a pavement tile to come loose across the street, and it’s tripping people up as they walk. The bored office worker finds this quite funny and he begins to watch as all different types of people are tripped up by the pavement slab instead of helping them or warning them. All the while more and more of his office are also noticing what he’s laughing at and ...

“The City of God” was an interesting book outlining how different entities can clash in their beliefs. During the time that this was written, Romans were blaming Christians on the fall of the Roman Empire (Augustine). This, they believed, was largely because Christians failed to be patriotic. The actions of the Romans are a clear example of human beings having free will. They did as they pleased and lived hedonistic lives. This can be related to “The Inferno” where stages, or circles, of hell are described. Each circle represents a kind of sin people commit. The seven sins are outlined, plus ...

This image depicts a stream of people walking along a pavement in front of an imposing building. Despite the simplicity of the photograph, it still manages to create interest for the viewer.

This picture depicts a group of people in 40s dress walking in front of a building. The people only take up the bottom quarter of the frame; the remainder of it comprises the imposing building.

When first looking at the picture, the eye is immediately drawn to the people walking along the pavement. This is probably because the people are in silhouette and are against the very light background of the ...

In the W. H. Auden poem “Unknown Citizen,” as well as the Edwin Arlington Robinson poem “Richard Cory,” we see two very glowing (on the surface) accounts of an individual. In the former, we hear about the titular citizen, only known through the weird, abstract figure JS/07 N 378, and in the latter Richard Cory; both of these men are said to have everything anyone could want, and do everything right. However, both poems subtly reveal a darkness and emptiness in the lives of these men that speaks very clearly to the human condition, in particular its apparent futility. In ...