Essays on Self-Preservation

Individual Reaction to the Advent of Artificial Intelligence

Introduction Through advancements in science and technology, human beings have managed to create machines that work more or less in the same way as the human brain, performing tasks like mathematical calculations and language translations. This is what has come to be known as Artificial intelligence (AI) which is the kind of intelligence that machines exhibit when certain manipulations and programming is done to them. Some of these machines like the IBM computer, Watson, are capable of mimicking or performing certain cognitive functions that are normally associated with the human brain only. Artificial intelligence research thus deals with problems ...

Since the end of the Second World War political processes in the Middle East – and military processes ensued by them as well – have been given a significant boost that led to the creation of a very complicated array of problem that has not been solved up until now. In this paper I will try to summarize the political and security issues that have been going on in the Middle East ever since the establishment of the State of Israel in order to understand and to provide a clear conclusion about what was the impact of the creation of namely ...

Marjane Satrapi’s magnum opus tells us the story of an Iranian upper-middle-class girl (Schjeldahl), who is forced to relinquish her childhood with the onset of the Islamic Revolution of 1979. Personally, I think “Persepolis” tackles a range of complex issues: personal and national identity crises, political continuity versus revolutionary change, and the struggle of collective fundamentalism against individual self-preservation. The psychological, political and cultural themes coalesce to deliver a crude and compelling message. At the end of the novel I was left with the impression that the Iranian people were tragically blinded; first, by a naïve and ...

How did Thomas Hobbes Understand The Connection Between Religion And Politics?

Introduction Thomas Hobbes was born in 1588 in England; he was an English Philosopher of the 17th century who was best known for the work done in the fields of political and moral philosophies. He wrote a book named as Leviathan (1651) in which he shared his political views. The early life of Thomes Hobbes was spent free of anxiety as he attained education from the finest institutions where he interacted with the most intellectual people and prominent personalities who were expert in their fields. His work struggled a lot to gain society acceptance. His books are the depiction ...

People acquire experience, inspiration, and knowledge from the past. Which is why man always considerers "embellishing" the past, for he by nature is an aesthetic creature. In the present world, Man is but a "fascinated stranger." The aspiration of man that externally focuses in going beyond what he can see and hear and that which appeals to his mind leads him to the sphere of transcendental and allows him to predict the aesthetic of his life as both substantial and subjective. Consideration of this model exploration on objectification and a society of subjective aesthetical ideas contribute to the rise ...

This research was conducted to raise awareness that “Economic inequality has widened

over the past twenty years. This should be a concern for everyone, not just those at the bottom”. (Piff)

It was also conducted to illustrate the ramifications on economic injustice as it relates to society

and its current impact on health, education, salary, financial stability, and quality of life. “In the

United States, 15 percent of the population lives in poverty and for children the rate is higher at

21.9 percent” (Mackinnon and Fiala, 329). In translation, 1 in 5 children live in poverty in the United States. These alarming statistics are a harsh reality in examining our society and what the future may shape up to be if we do address and develop ways on how to conquer this plague.

They predicted the outcome of the studies would be that there would be a significant

change in how those with money interacted and viewed the world around ...

“Guts” is a short story written by Chuck Palahniuk. It describes stories of three teenagers. Each of them had traumatizing experience of self-pleasure. Narrator chose the most dangerous way. He dived to the pool and used circulation pump to get aroused. Last time the equipment sucked out boy’s intestines and he needed to gnaw through it to reach the air. At the end of the story narrator commented about consequences of his amusement. “Both my friends, the wax kid and the carrot kid, they grew up, got big, but I've never weighed a pound more than I did ...

Social contract theory addresses political obligations and agreement among people to form the perfect society. Nowadays, the concept "social contract" is the main object of research for most experts in various areas of knowledge. These are philosophers and political scientists, lawyers and economists. However, it should be noted that the theory of social contract has the old history. It is possible to claim that it becomes a subject of discussion at the time of antiquity. There is a point of view that moral and political duties of people depend on the agreement between them for the purpose of development ...

In the most unlikely places are literary themes that are eerily similar. Such is the case for “The Ballad of Reading Gaol,” In Cold Blood, and “The Crucible,” a poem by Oscar Wilde, a novel by Truman Capote, and a play by Arthur Miller, respectively. Although each of these pieces of literature deal with different time periods and different experiences, each discusses the darkness inside the human soul, the piercing reality of very banal, human evil that burns inside most people. While Capote’s characters chase the ghost of a murderer around a complex, interwoven plot, Miller’s characters fight against a corrupt, hysterical system ...

Introduction

Occupational hazards can affect all workers not withstanding gender, age or type of occupation. It is one of the major problems faced by workers and their employers especially those who are engaged in occupation that require the operation of machineries or exposure to hazardous environments. According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), 270 million workers every year suffer from occupational injuries while 160 million have contacted work-related diseases. It is only logical to think that work related accidents happen due to factors such as poor working conditions, insufficient training, lack of protective gears and of course, machine and human ...

Abstract

This paper discusses one of the prevalent ethical issues in our present criminal justice system which is police planting evidence on the suspect. The planting of evidence on a suspect or profiling of innocent people is considered police misconduct. The driving force for the police to commit such crime is due to corruption. During police investigations, the police abuse their power by fabricating or planting of evidence to obtain false conviction by taking money in exchange for favors. Police resort to corruption, engage in other illegal means to earn income and break departmental policies due ...

The passage “For if some rights remained with private individuals, in the absence of any common superior who could decide between them and the public, each person would eventually claim to be his own judge in all things, since he is on some points his own judge” from the political philosophic treatise On Social Contract; Or The Principles Of Political Right written by Jean Jacques Rousseau. The above quoted passage is a part of the 7th paragraph near the bottom of page 6, of “Chapter 6. The Social Compact” in the Book 1 of the philosophic treatise On ...

This essay addresses the following historical question: Is it possible for states to have a foreign policy with an ethical dimension? First of all, it is important to note that the nation-state at the international level is the most important entity. Each nation-state is most concerned with gunning as much power from the international system. Therefore, from a realist perspective security is the most important objective of each nation-state. The second important driving force of states within the international system is relative gain in terms of economics, politics, and social values in comparison with other players within the international system. The ...

1.0 Introduction of the Book and Background Information Essentially, USA has become an increasingly capitalistic nation that concentrates on individuality rather than a community-based orientation. This condition is embedded in almost all aspects of the Americans’ lives that include social, environmental, and political activities. The alarming self-centeredness has raised a lot of concern from scientists, socialists, psychologists, and scholars in general. As a result, it has been investigated and researched widely in order to come up with ways of combating and reducing its levels in the social realms. In this line of thought, Twenge and Campbell (2009) addressed self- centeredness and ...

Although the United States has adopted a new approach to making health care more accessible to its citizen through the Affordable Care Act, many people continue to say that the government should not be involved in controlling health care. Most people agree that Medicare has been providing, successfully, needed health care to America’s senior citizens for decades, with a very low administrative overhead. But, to expand that coverage to all Americans is seen as a dilution of individual freedom. Others argue that universal health care will cause services to degrade, cost too much in taxes, deny patients choice, or limit doctor’ ...

Joseph Heller’s Catch-22 is arguably one of the most influential books of its time. Written during a very difficult period in Heller’s life, the novel captures what was to be a pivotal moment for American culture, as well as American history. Catch-22 follows Captain John Yossarian as he peels back the traditional heroism of war to reveal sheer madness. With heavy notes of satire, Heller presents several different themes throughout the novel as we see Yossarian thrust into the insane trappings of a real catch-22, sometimes masking the symbolism of what the book really stands for, which is what war ...

Equality is one of the most prevalent themes among the theories developed by intellectuals in society. Even though different theories present various types of discourses regarding the varying degrees of fairness and equality, the political thought during the time of Rousseau and John Locke critically analyzed the concept of equality and inequality in society and emphasized the importance of the individual in thinking. They considered the disposition of humans through the lens of individualism rather than examining the group as a whole. The result was these intellectuals were able to spot a certain extent of secularization in the contemporary train of ...

- Introduction Holocaust literature focuses on a multitude of different experiences, personalities, ethical choices, and behaviors-- both on the part of the victims and the perpetrators. Much of the literature that has been written on the subject focuses on the facts of the Holocaust; however, some of the literature focuses on the experiences of the victims and the aftermath that they experienced as a result of the Holocaust. However, because this literature focuses on the same central event, it’s possible to identify many common themes that are woven into Holocaust-related short stories, poetry, drama, memoirs, and novels. In ...

Freud noted that it was possible to have the duality of drives in the sense that every engagement entails more sinister dimension of hatred and aggressiveness. A number of people can be bonded together in love implying that people are connected together as a shared identification. When people are driven by hatred and aggressiveness, it is likely to realize that it is hard for a human to unrestraint the inclination towards aggression. As a result, the cohesion between members of the society is made easier. For instance, when a particular group is connected with universal love as the foundation for togetherness, the members ...

Throughout her short story, “Everyday Use,” Walker presents the recurring theme of harmony and conflicts. The story gives an insight into the struggles of the African – American people through the characters of Mrs. Johnson, Dee and Maggie. Arguably, “Everyday Use” delves into the issue of the changes that occur when individuals in rural areas become educated. Much of the events surround the actions of the only educated Johnson. Dee gains a formal education, but when she faces her past, one sees that this formal education brings out her innate, self-centered qualities. Nancy Tuten writes of Mrs. Johnson “awakening to one ...

Stand Your Ground Law, Racial Disparity, and Homicide Rates

There are racial inconsistencies all through the criminal equity framework. From a stop and search, to vehicle looks at activity stops, to sentencing and the requisition of capital punishment, African Americans excessively are reached by the criminal equity framework in bunch ways. Outstandingly, discovering a racial difference is not synonymous with discovering racial disparity. African Americans are more prone to live in thick, devastated spots, and neediness and isolation are unmistakably joined to criminal rate and predominance. Recognizing racial enmity inside racial incongruities is exceedingly troublesome with existing datasets that do exclude such key measures as setting and connection. Then again, ...

[Client’s Name] [Client’s Professor] [Client’s Subject] [Date Passed]

Indigenous people (the Cree) vs. British settlers: How does the confrontation between Mrs. Andersen and Crow Eagle dramatize the differing values and the racist attitudes that created conflicts between two cultures? The confrontation between Mrs. Anderson and Crow Eagle served to show just how different the Canadians and the Indians are. It also showed a question of what it really means for a person to be civilized. In the play, Mrs. Anderson reported Crow Eagle for stealing her ‘bath tub’. Her point was that stealing ...

Killing can be motivated by one or several motivators. There are various motivators that would result to numerous people getting killed for the need of self-preservation, justice, as well as the need to belong. The actions based on these motivators when someone is killed can be reactive versus impulsive, revenge versus a level of understanding, and conforming versus non-conforming. The impact of society, organizations, and gangs in influencing actions can be tied to the motive and basics for the action. Examples of these influences are rules and regulations, education and awareness programs, and dispute resolution. The prerequisite for self-deterrence, ...

1 Is there some action you think qualifies as being objectively right or wrong? That is, some action that everyone should see as proper and moral because it is really bad and not just bad because someone or some culture says it is bad? If you think you have a candidate, tell us what it is and make sure you give some reasons why you think it is objective. If you don’t think there are any objective values, explain why. Laws and social mores have been developed and re-worked for millennia, often using religious thought as a catalyst. Humanity ...

The relationship between nature, the state and individuals is a complex one; political philosophers have been studying these relationships ever since the dawn of time, with the goal being to determine the best way in which the people relate to nature. Based on the ideas of philosopher John Locke, the state does not have the ability to infringe upon the right of people to determine their own destiny; he believes that mankind’s best state is to bring the best parts of their natural instincts into society, collecting together into a “state of perfect freedom.” Conversely, philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed that ...

Introduction

This term paper focuses more on the difference in views of society among Ancient Greek Philosophers more specifically about the different views about power and state by Aristotle and Plato. In the general context, Aristotle had a natural and biological view of the world. He believed that everything that is in existence has a specific function in the society. Aristotle at time seemed to be in believed of slavery, as he did not recognize the role of women in the society. On the other hand, Plato believes that democracy is always a tyranny rather than oligarchies. He also thinks that the best ...

The system of international relations has undergone tremendous changes since the end of the World War II and during the epoch of the League of Nations. Increased technological and telecommunications advancements have made globalization a reality. International theories have placed much emphasizes on the state interests. They argue that states often include self-preservation, economic prosperity and military security over other states interests. International theories of Policy can be significantly influenced not only by political, social or ethnical factors in an economy, but also more fundamentally, economic factors. In essence, globalization means a significant increase of the emergence, the implementation and the ...

According to Milgram’s (1963) findings authorities have substantial power over individuals, and his findings can explain the nature of the holocaust as a consequence of enforced obedience. Blass (1999) argues that obedience rates have not declined since the original experiment, so any attempt to reproduce the experiment will probably result in similar findings. While moral convictions change over time, obedience remains consistent, so it is possible to conclude that people lose their moral convictions and personal decision-making abilities once they are exposed to pressure from the authorities. The experiment was repeated several times in different societies with different ...

Existentialism can be explained as a philosophical theory that insists on the existence of an individual as; a person should be free as well as determine their own development and destiny through the actions of their will and feelings. According to the theory, a person begins with the feeling of confusion in a life that seems meaningless as well as hopelessness. It is confusion that an individual makes personal discovery and accepts life the way it is while working hard for their development. During the late ninetieth century, with the word war and other happenings of the time, philosophers tried to reflect in ...

Thomas Hobbes uses the state of nature as the basis for his ethical and political thought. The state of nature is a postulation of an imaginary situation in which there is no form of government. People living in this state would be free to determine their lives as they please. The individual would be the judge, the jury and executioner of their own fate. In this state there is perpetual restlessness as everyone tries to gain power for purposes of self-preservation.

Hobbes equates human beings to any other physical object or machine whose operation and movement can be described in ...

William Shakespeare’s play Hamlet Prince of Denmark and Tennessee Williams’s play The Glass Menagerie are both products of their time though both plays continue to be appreciated and receive critical acclaim. Differences between the lives of the playwrights, the support they received in writing and producing their plays, the type of audiences viewing the plays, the venues in which they plays were performed, and the cultural events of their times are reflected in their resulting works of literature. Shakespeare’s Hamlet was written around the year 1600 (Farnham 931). Its contemporary audience was Elizabethan, and Shakespeare’ ...

This paper takes a position on the historical question: Which International Relations theory, at the system, and state level of analysis, is most helpful in explaining Russia's position in opposing the invasion of Iraq’s politics by the United States in 2003? This paper seeks to prove how the integration of the international system caused Russia to have a preference of global diplomacy over short-term economic gains from the attack of Iraq. First of all, it is important to know that the invasion of Iraq by the United States was triggered by the fact that the United States believed that Iraq, ...