Hierarchy Argumentative Essays Samples For Students

The caste system has been in existence for centuries in Asian countries such as India. The system involves placing individuals in occupational groups. The caste system is rooted in religion and is implemented based on labour division. It dictates the occupations an individual can pursue, as well as the kind of social interactions the person may engage in their lifetime. The caste system is only practised in the Hindu religion. The system has an order of hierarchy. Initially, there was no hierarchy but an order based on birth or occupation and personality. However, during the Holi event just before ...

Business

Internal and External Communication
Definition of Communication (USCAnnenberg, Video, 21 July 2003):
Communication has been come a central point in most organizations today especially as the world is fast going global. Communication in a lay man’s way will be simply the sending and receiving of information. Communication in an organization is more simply than sending and receiving of information. Communication plays a vital role in an organization because a poor quality communication system may lead to failure in the organization’s operations. The communication system in an organization can be defined as;
The process of transmitting a message (information, ...

Of all the varieties of conceptual models of the information society, for the purposes of this study, it is important to include at least two aspects: first, characterizing the functioning of culture at the named stage of social development and, secondly, a new type of relations in the system of "individual - society". The first of them is determined by the mosaic of culture, the increasing role of virtualization, media saturation, changing patterns of behavior, loss of a clear hierarchy of values that actually leads to the disappearance of the notion of norm. Second - characterizes crisis of paternalistic society, increase ...

Popular television shows often reproduce and have a connection to real life gender, class, relationships, political ideas, religious identities among other issues (Dines & Humez, 2003). One needs to be attentive to television shows for a better understanding of how they portray these issues. This paper is going to focus on the television show Strangers with Candy which is a Comedy Central comedy series, and how it encodes real life issues such as the ones above. Strangers with Candy boldly covers difficult subjects ranging from alcoholism to mentally retarded persons having an affinity of baked deserts. The three main issues ...

Organization Theories – Modernist and Post-Modernist Approaches

Abstract
Organizational structure determines allocation of resources, strategies and planning. The paper focuses on two theories – modernist and postmodernist theories (Aleazurra, 2016; Clegg et al 1999; Casey, 2002). The article ‘A critical analysis of media discourse on information technology: preliminary results of a proposed method for critical discourse analysis’ by Cukier et al (2009) talks of critical discourse analysis where the post modernist idea of questioning the validity of claims has been explained by analyzing a media discourse on a ICT project applied in university classrooms. The second article selected for the study is ‘The relationship between information and ...

- The legal issue surrounding flag burning and its verdict in relation to human rights
- The First Amendment
- Comparison between the Arab and Western world on human rights
- Conclusion
- Drawing comparison through cultural expressions
- Debriefing the two authors views
- Justification of Argument

Introduction

What are human rights? It’s the rights humans have. Anybody and everybody born on this planet, irrespective of their nationality, sex, color, religion, and language are equal before the law, and are thus, entitled to be treated equally without discrimination.

The majority of people in the countries in the Middle-East, Africa, and to a certain extent, South America, face discrimination, and human rights issues.
Can non-government organizations, or the elite society of a country help protect their citizens from human rights issues” On reading In Defense of Professional Human Rights Organizations, by Azzam (2014), and Elites Still Matter When Protecting Human Rights, by Cordero (2014), it is apparent that they both failed to address what needs to be done to protect innocent citizens from human rights violations.

In a report in Human Rights, by an anonymous writer in 2009, said that, Kosba, an Egyptian woman, and a few other Egyptian participants, which included lawyers, journalists, engineers, researchers, pharmacists, and activists, participated in a three-week program on human rights abuse, in the U.S. On completing the program, Kosba voiced her opinion that, human rights in their country could come, “if there is an empowered civil society and a new generation of reformers who are grounded in their faith and freedom.”

Kosba’s view has a lot of authenticity, simply because, here, we have a person who has seen and experienced or heard of human rights discrimination at close range. Her view is a perfect example of what needs to be done to stop human rights violations in her country.

In 2013, as the man who tried to become another Hosni Mubarak, Mohamed Morsi was abdicated from office by the military. The so-called empowered civil society is none other than the government, for, it is the government alone, which can initiate and introduce laws to protect people from injustice. It is governments alone, which has the ethical and legal duty to ensure that their people live with dignity. Human rights cover a wide range of issues. It’s not just providing basic security and amenities to the public; it also covers social, cultural, economic, religious and other humanitarian issues. These are not issues that non-government organizations or the elite club members of a country can address or solve. It has to have the support of the government.

People diagnosed with a terminally ill disease should have the right to choose their fate in order to keep their dignity.

Euthanasia is defined as the intentional killing of a person on compassionate grounds, to relieve the person of misery and pain. In most cases of euthanasia, the affected person is put to sleep by a direct action of using a lethal injection, or terminating an action necessary to maintain life. For euthanasia to occur there must be an intention to act to kill. Euthanasia can be voluntary and involuntary, depending upon the seriousness of the case. Of these, the most common cases relate to voluntary euthanasia, where the affected person asks for mercy killing. Harsh as it may sound, euthanasia harbors around this category, for it is the only accurate, non-emotional word to describe the reality of the action and a word that the law uses

The debate on euthanasia continues to cover the front pages of medical journals and the like, yet, there are no clear winners so far, to address the plea of those who seek mercy killing. Dr. Donald Low produced a video eight days before his death, castigating the medical establishment for forcing unnecessary suffering on terminal patients.

Nursall (2014), reporting on euthanasia in The Star.com, wrote that Ed Hung, “who suffered from ALS, died on Sunday in Switzerland, the only country that allows physician-assisted suicide for non-residents.” The other countries that have similar laws for their residents are Belgium and Holland. Several states in the U.S allow doctors to prescribe fatal drugs to terminally ill patients.

The debate on both, assisted suicide and euthanasia continue to rage, as many people try to take the extreme step on medical and mental grounds. No one in their senses would think of killing themselves unless they face uncertainty of life, and/or excruciating pain. To live or die, is the right of a person, and no one has the right to object to that. As Dr. Low said, just before his death, that the medical establishment had no right to put him through such pain and torture.

There is a popular belief that euthanasia shouldn't be allowed even if it were morally right, because, should the law turn a blind eye to euthanasia, it could be abused and used as a cover for murder (BBC, 2005). This argument clearly shows that it has to be a law, that decides what is right and what is wrong, and not, any non-government organizations or the elite society.

Freedom of speech, freedom of press, freedom of association, freedom of assembly and petition are all expressions that are based on human rights. These are laws passed by legislation, approved by the government and practiced by the judiciary.

In 1984, during the Republican National Convention in Dallas, Texas, a certain Gregory Lee (Joey) Johnson was part of a political demonstration. The protest was against some of President Reagan’s, and some Dallas-based corporation’s policies. In the heat of the moment, and sometime during the march, it came to light that Johnson had burned an American flag in full view of the demonstrators.

While the march was peaceful, and no one was physically injured or threatened with injury, several protestors who were witness to Johnson’s defamation, were offended by his action. Johnson was found guilty and convicted for desecrating the national flag in violation of a Texas statute. He was charged, and the case was allowed by the State Court of Appeals (Apel, 1989).

However, the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals reversed their earlier decision, citing that, the State of Texas, consistent with their opinion of the First Amendment, would not punish Johnson for burning the flag. The court declared that Johnson’s act of burning the flag was an expressive conduct that could be protected by the First Amendment. The First Amendment ensured that there could be no prosecution of Johnson under the present circumstance, and so, concluded that the State could not file criminal charges against Johnson for his act. The statute too, did not meet the State’s goal of preventing breaches of the peace, and so, Johnson was not guilty of causing and serious public disturbances (Apel, 1989).

It would be illogical to even contemplate questioning certain Muslim nations whether they have such freedom available to them. It is the rulers who dictate and pass laws there, and the government is just an entity. The question, therefore, is not whether these countries have such liberties accorded to their citizens, but, can an elite league or a non-government organization, let alone, the government; have the power to overrule the hierarchy in those nations?

In the U.S, the First Amendment was passed into law by the government, and protected by the judiciary. Therefore, such human rights are clearly under the jurisdiction of the government, and not some non-government organizations or elite societies.

Conclusion

Would it be possible for them to disobey the hierarchy and take the matter to their Supreme Court? For a nation like Saudi Arabia, where it is illegal for women to show their face in public places, or drive cars on their own, such luxuries are a distant dream, because it is the law of the hierarchy, and not a law that allows them the freedom of expression.

It can be concluded that while both, Azzam (2014), and Cordero (2014), accept the importance of human rights, they are far less convincing in assessing how human rights issues need to be addressed. True, some elites and non-government organizations do have influence with their governments, but they don’t have the power to influence governments in issues as sensitive as this, which is, a human rights issue. It is only governments that can address the issue of human rights, and not non-government organizations or the elite.

Works cited

Apel, Warren S, (1989), U.S. Supreme Court: TEXAS v. JOHNSON, 491 U.S. 397 (1989) 491 U.S. 397, Certiorari to the Court of Criminals Appeals of Texas, No. 88-155, Retrieved March 22, 2014, from http://www.esquilax.com/flag/texasvjohnson.html
Azzam, F, (2014), In defense of 'professional' human rights organizations, Retrieved March 22, 2014, from http://www.opendemocracy.net/openglobalrights/fateh-azzam/in-defense-of-professional-human-rights-organizations
Anonymous, (2009), Human Rights, The Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, American Educational Trust, Volume 28(5), ISSN 87554917, p. 58-59
BBC, Religion and Ethics: Ethical Issues, bbc.co.uk, Retrieved March 22, 2014, from http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/ethics/euthanasia/overview/introduction.shtml
Cordero, F, (2014), Elites still matter when protecting human rights, Retrieved March 22, 2014, from http://www.opendemocracy.net/openglobalrights/felipe-cordero/elites-still-matter-when-protecting-human-rights
Nursall, K, (2014), Canada's shifting landscape on euthanasia, GTA, Retrieved March 22, 2014, from http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2014/03/19/canadas_shifting_landscape_on_euthan asia.html
Shin, H, B, (2013), Human Rights, Asian Journal of International Law, Cambridge University Press, Volume 3(2), ISSN 20442513, p. 419-420, DOI http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/10.1017/S2044251313000118

Terrorist Activities are not just a menace to the American nation, but also to the rest of the world, including the areas that terrorist training goes on in the Arab world. Terrorist associations are faced with various situations and challenges such as the increase in anti-terrorist security, which compels them to dynamically change their structures, for purposes of coordinating their activities and communication. Therefore, there are instances when terrorist groups use of the hierarchy mode of operations whereby instructions are dispatched from a central headquarters, and there is a time when terrorist associations employ the leaderless model of operations, which is social ...

The major events of the U.S. civil rights movement from 1948 to 1970 caused a profound change in the American society and culture by challenging the White superiority myth. The success of desegregation in particular professional areas demonstrated that Blacks could also perform traditionally white activities, and even perform them better. Furthermore, the desegregation of the first schools challenged the myth of the intellectual superiority of Whites. African American students could demonstrate that they could keep up with Whites, and they could soon flourish in the public arena, to the extent that they were allowed to do so. Finally, ...

People today live in a society which is oriented to sales and promotion of products. There are new products being places on the market and advertised every day and it has made an impact on the behavior of people. Marketing and advertising are responsible for creating human needs. Therefore, modern culture does encourage consumption too much because people buy things they do not need and which do not serve them in everyday life.
People work hard to earn money and their salaries are not very big, especially if they are average. However, they are lured by specialists into buying ...

It is a well-known fact that Mary Shelley’s family relationships were beset by difficulties, and she somehow ended up reflecting on them in her novel, Frankenstein. There are quite a few essays that prove the point that Mary Shelly expressed her own life into her fictional novel. However, an underlying subject in the novel has somehow evaded the critical eyes of critics, until Susan Coulter wrote about it in her essay “‘Frankenstein’ – a cautionary tale of bad parenting,” which is posted on Mary Shelley’s website. Through her essay, Frankenstein’ – a cautionary tale of bad parenting” and despite the use of limited ...

Disciplinary Action Decision

An insight into the case allows outlining the major issue which Mary Jones is facing with regards to the employee management and discipline. The case dwells upon a particular situation in which Mary is deemed to take a decision on the possible disciplinary action against an employee John Smith, who was found to be taking damaged equipment from Tracey Electronics (TE) and repairing it for further resale to smaller competitors. Mary Jones recently joined the company with several challenges, which determine the complexity of her work. First of all, she is the first female general manager at TE, which places her ...

Introduction

Effective and efficient decision-making in service delivery can be compromised by non-involvement of key personnel or over-involvement of lower-echelon employees, which leads to a slowed-down process. The problem is how to determine the trade-offs to make in this situation as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the traditional, top-down approach versus the horizontal approach. This question is especially important today because, in the recent past, decision-makers in the public and private sectors have made a high number of poor decisions. An example of this is the securitization of subprime mortgage loans or using credit default swaps to hedge risk. This ...

Introduction

Loman family is composed of four members, mother –Linda, father – Willy and two sons – Biff and Happy, each of them being the representative of social constructions. As such, Linda is the caregiver, being dedicated to the domestic sphere, loving and caring for her husband and their two sons. She sees and understands the challenges that all of them face and she behaves as the leant between all the members of the family, determined to maintain a peaceful home. Willy, on the other hand, is the family head, the one who has the responsibility of taking care of the family needs ...

The Drowned and the Saved is a collection of stories which examines the Holocaust forty years later, where he is seen concerned with univers concentrationnaire, along with all the inhabitants who are the living and the deceased. Primo Levi in his discussion articulates controversial/analytical concepts such as shame, gray zone and useless violence. In his work, he uses different aspects of memory, truth and how these things are unearthed yet obscure. This is done through denial and mendacity of those who look back at the events during and after the Holocaust. Levi has a way of stylizing different memories, including his ...

The Drawn and the Saved is a book with stories focusing on the life in the extermination camps. It is written by an Italian-Jewish author Primo Levi who draws on his personal experiences as Auschwitz’s prisoner. He was imprisoned in a concentration camp belonging to Auschwits in 1944 where he survived the vicious experience. In his book Levi uses himself as an ideal example where he defines his concerns with concentrationnaire’s universe and all its inhabitants both the dead and the living, he survived the wrath (Levi 34). He begins illustrating the whole concept by defining the problem of ...

Dr. Seuss is one of America’s most revered children’s authors of all time. Nevertheless, his stories aren’t just designed for adults: behind the word play and artistry, they usually contain themes of social interest with a constructed philosophy behind them. This makes his oeuvre highly respected and analyzed by critics, also. Due to his familiarity and popularity, this author is used to introduce and exemplify profound ideas, as they are found all along his works. In “The Sneetches”, this author postulates that, through capitalism, humans can overcome their differences and live in harmony.
In the beginning, ...

ABSTRACT

There are many different philosophical ideas about the moral value of equality, such as democracy in which all citizens have equal voting and citizenship rights, or social and economic equality that guarantees a minimal living standard and educational opportunities for all. One notion of equality holds that all persons are entitled to the same universal rights and human dignity regardless of race, religion, ethnicity or social class. From a purely historical viewpoint, there has been a radical expansion of the idea of human equality in the modern era, just as there have been revolutionary changes in science, technology and economic systems. Plato ...

Economic Recession and consumer behavior surround the "lipstick effect"

In the times of recession the consumer behavior also changes and especially for women the change can be observed as women cut their luxury spending from buying expensive bags and clothes and using the saved up money on lipsticks etc. It further establishes the point that women might spend more on beauty products in times of recession due to the reason that there are fewer financially strong men in the society. All these points gather up to a common hypothesis which can be stated as “Economic Recession and consumer behavior surround the lipstick effect”.
Lipstick effect can be termed as a ...

Norah Vincent, a lesbian journalist, decided that the only way to discover the truth about the lives and experiences of men was to live as a man. She did so for eighteen months, and it led to one of the most remarkable journalistic feats since the white reporter John Griffin darkened his skin and lived as a black man in the South. Griffin’s 1961 book Black Like Me became an instant classic and was made into a movie in 1964 and he faced threats and harassment from many whites and was forced to move to Mexico for a year. Vincent, who charged her ...

Religion has become a very significant force all around the world. Religion on the planet is present in the form of plurality, that means more than one religion are followed by different group of people. There are those who embrace Islam, Judaism, Buddhism, and Christianity and then there are those who don’t embrace any kind of religion at all. According to Nigel and Linda (2009) “Reasons for coercive legislation drawn from some particular religion will seldom if ever satisfy the condition for justified coercion”. There are many people belonging to different religions residing in a particular society.

Some of the ...