Crude Oil Research Papers Samples For Students

Crude Oil Prices: Market Supply and Market Demand

Abstract
The primary purpose of this paper is to understand how supply and demand factors contribute to a consistent decline in crude oil prices across the globe. Furthermore, the paper seeks to understand the impact resulting from the fall in the U.S and the global economy and implications of the same. In the introduction, the paper starts by acknowledging the importance of crude oil to the world economy and the fact that it is an ordinary commodity whose price is influenced by the market forces. Oil prices are renowned for their instability in the market, an aspect that is ...

- Introduction- To analyze Oil and Gas prices by understanding the basics of oil and gas, major event in past and important players in the oil and gas industry.
- Key Points
- Major Players in the Oil and Gas Markets.
- Story of Oil and Gas through decades.
- Decoding the pricing of Oil and Gas
- What is the future of Oil and Gas?
- Body of the paper
- The major players that operate in oil and gas industry globally who have the political and economical clout to alter ...

Saudi Arabia is the world's largest exporter or crude oil, with the country exporting 68% the product to the Asian market. The nation enjoys a market share of 40%, enabling the government to fund a significant proportion of the budget from oil revenue. Consequently, Saudi Arabia was able to accumulate vast financial reserves in the years preceding the current low oil-prices when the price per barrel stood at $120 (Baumeister, & Kilian, 2016). However, the state of affairs has changed in the last couple of years following the drastic decline in oil prices. As a result, the country has experienced ...

Venezuela which is in the shape of a reversed triangle is located on the northern hump of South America and is twice in size of the land area of California. The climate of Venezuela is usually either winter or summer. The ethnic groups in Venezuela are Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Arab, German and African while the official language spoken in Venezuela is Spanish. 96% of the population is Roman Catholic while 2% of the population is Protestants.

The population growth rate of Venezuela is 1.47% in 2012 while the population in Venezuela that is urbanized stands at 93% in the year ...

Modern market of energy and energy products are more competitive than ever before. Economic times have changed compelling companies to be more innovative and aggressive at the same time in utilization of energy resources. The crude oil market has faced more revolutions considering the fluctuation of oil prices in the international market. The reserves of oil all over the world are depleting with continued mining creating a major concern in the energy sector. With new technology, many companies in the oil market are deploying advanced methods of production and marketing in order to be realistic and competitive. Reducing the costs ...

Introduction

The Middle East id the motherland of all the petroleum products in the world that comes in the form of crude oil undergoes fractional distillation and hence refined in various industries to get the petroleum products. Pollution involves the interference of either the soil, air, sound or even water. Some of the causes of pollution in the region are as discussed below.
1. Air Pollution
The air is affected by the emission of the exhaust fumes from the industries, facilitating the drilling of oil. (Shuval and Hassan 14)
Air pollution is also facilitated by the emergence of some of ...

1. Introduction
Cutting cost has become a priority for many oil companies in recent years. The discussion covers the reason why oil companies are cutting cost and the means that management in oil companies are employing to cut cost.
2. Why oil companies are cutting cost?
Oil companies are cutting cost in response to the radical drop in oil prices in the last two years. From 2011 to 2013, the price of crude oil was above $100 per barrel. In 2014, prices dropped to below $100 per barrel but above $90 per barrel. By 2015, crude oil price fell ...

Introduction.

The cross-country pipelines, which cover most parts of US transverse through terrains of forests, crop fields, rivers, deserts, off shores, hills, and populated areas. Any malfunction of these pipelines implies a devastating effect on the environment. This means that designing the pipelines require skills, and a consideration of social and environmental aspect along with other technological alternatives. Environmentalists view pipelines as high risk potential sources of environmental degradation from oil spillages and raptures (Flora, 2005). Economists and policy makers, on the other hand, view them as the cheapest and safest means of fossil fuel delivery. This has posed a debate on environmental ...

This section will study the evolution of the oil trade and investment relationship between the selected SA countries and India and its main drivers. On one hand, we will focus the interest of India in SA-5 oil and its increasing dependence on South American natural resources. On the other hand, we will consider the SA-5 incentives and potential gains from trade and investment in oil with India. We will address these issues taking into account the key role of India and Brazil as B.R.I.C.S leaders, and competition with China for South American markets and oil.

Trade

SA’s share of ...

Oil and natural gas are the two primary types of fossil fuels that the world relies on for energy and also for various other products. Crude oil and gas are mined beneath the earth’s surface where they formed a long time ago. The products origin can be traced back to the remains of animals and plants that existed millions of years ago as marine life. The living materials die and sink to the sea floor where they pile on top of each other. The successful conversion of the remains into oil or gas is only possible if the ...

Introduction

The nationwide pipeline system in the USA has been constructed to transport the natural gas, oil, and refined petroleum products. This constitutes about 71% of the refined products and oils are being transported with about 100% natural gas of the consumption in the USA. The three sectors that are involved in the transportation of these energy products are; operators of the gas transmission pipelines, operators of hazardous liquids in the pipeline and the distributors of gas utilities. An approximate of 299,000 miles and 171,000 miles are offshore gas transmission and liquid onshore pipelines respectively. This operates in ...

Insecurity and Currency Devaluation in Africa: A Case Study of Nigeria

Insecurity and Currency Devaluation in Africa: A Case Study of Nigeria

Introduction

Geography and history have truly taken its toll on Africa. Africa, the cradle of civilization, continues to be an enigma to the rest of the world. The continent commonly referred to as the Dark Continent has suffered from gross prejudice, stereotype, discrimination, and neglect from the rest of the world. Most Europeans and Americans see Africans as inferior, living in the jungle (forest), uncivilized, primitive, violent cannibals and so forth. But obviously, recent occurrences in Africa have proved them true even though not in toto. The genocide and ...

List of Figures

Figure 1 Torrey canyon supertanker and surrounded with oil spills 6
Figure 2 A-Geographical location of the disaster. B-Route at the time of accident 9
Figure 3Torrey Canyon and Air strike: World’s first ever environmental disaster 11
Figure 4 :The Renown Torrey quarry 11
Figure 5: Dead bird in Torrey Canyon query 12
Figure 6Plumes emitting from burning Torrey Canyon 13

Abstract

On 18th March 1967, the ship Torrey Canyon, carrying a load of 120000 tons of crude oil dashed against Pollard's Rock of the reef of Seven Stones near Cornwall, England. The resultant oil ...

Introduction3

Statistics.3
Offshore oil drilling4
Effects on the environment.7
Recommended solutions10
Conclusion.13

Works Cited14

Abstract
Today, the United States has over 5600 offshore gas and oil platforms; there are also over 27,000 miles of pipeline in the Gulf of Mexico area alone. This shows the extent to which offshore oil drilling occurs in the United States. In other developed parts of the world, the situation is the same. Oil is a product on high demand; this facilitates efforts in extracting it form its deposits deep in the sea floor. The retrieval requires the use of sophisticated equipment ...

Externality is a situation in which the activity of one entity affects the welfare of another entity in a way that is outside the existing market (Rosen, 2005, p. 47). Simply put, externalities are the costs or benefits that arise from market transactions which are not reflected in prices. And when we speak of negative externalities, obviously, these are costs to third parties (other than the producer and consumer). Why is there negative externality? I learnt from Economics that under a competitive system, the market price of a good takes into account both the negative and positive effects of using the good. However, ...

Abstract

Environmental pollution is among the hotly debated topics in the field of environmental studies. Contamination of this kind ranges from that of water, soil, and air. Industrialization and large organizations have been reported to be the primary sources of pollution across the world. Chevron, a leading multinational energy corporation, has in the recent past been accused and charged for heavy soil and water contamination through oil spills. Such environmental pollution has substantial consequences on the human health, safety, and well being. Van Duzer et al. (2015) assert that one of the most affected nations through the company’s activities ...

Are the GCC companies still financially and economically strong after the recent fall in oil prices?

GCC market and economy: The Gulf Co-operation Council companies are formed by countries like Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and UAE. Since its inception in 1998, the growth rate of its GDP has increased. Similarly, the population in these countries also shows a steep increase. The main revenue of GCC countries was generated through the export of oil and gas. Prior to the discovery of shale and crude oil reserves in U.S, Canada, and Europe; GCC group of companies was the main provider of oil to markets in North America, Europe and Asia. GCC has amassed huge foreign currency ...

Introduction

Over the last one year, the global oil price has declined rapidly by approximately 50 percent. The drop in the oil prices may have largely been as a result reduced global growth prospects. Analysts argue that the rise of the U.S dollar in relation to other currencies played a significant role in the oil prices decline (Energy Information Administration, 2014). The decrease in the global oil prices has led to a significant impact on the U.S economy. In essence, the price drop has reduced the cost of living while increasing the real consumers’ incomes. The real income gain has ...

- Introduction
Oil production and prices in US have been experiencing fluctuation for a long period and there is a need to identify whether the production has a significant effect on oil prices for the period from 1986 to 2005. This analysis could be of interest to the energy administration commission and the government for the purpose of planning for oil price control as well as for the purpose of planning investment in infrastructure for oil production. (Bp, 2013)
This will involve testing whether there is a relationship between the variables as well as establishing the nature of such relationship. To ...

Saudi Aramco is among the largest companies producing oil in the world, with operations in oil and gas fields, with Ghawar oil field being its largest oil field. Headquartered in Dahran, East of the Arabian Peninsula. The company’s heart is in oil production, end employing a significant number in terms of workforce, among some of its employees being engineers, mining professionals, and geologists. The company has had a distinguishing factor that has propelled it in terms of research, on establishing better ways of exploring its oil and gas reserves, with the operations being streamlined by an operational, well monitored computer ...

Unlike most countries, that use the central Bank system the U.S has a federal Banking system which is also known as the fed. The headquarters of the federal Bank is in the capital Washington D.C and also has other twelve district banks in different locations. Decisions made by the Federal Reserve Bank are critical because they ensure that the country has a safe and sound financial system. Federal Reserve Act established the fed in 1913 and was formed to solve problems of money in the country. Therefore, the Federal Reserve Bank is mandated to formulate the best fiscal and monetary policies ...

INTRODUCTION

The northern gateway pipeline is a proposed twin pipeline project aimed at transporting crude oil and natural gas condensate between the Canadian provinces of British Columbia and Alberta. This pipeline is postulated to be about 1177 kilometers in length. The company contracted to build this pipeline is Enbridge Company which is based in Canada. The western pipeline of the twin will be expected to transport crude oil from British Columbia to Alberta from refining while natural gas condensate will be transported in the eastern twin line to British Columbia to dilute the crude oil for transportation.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON CANADA THAT RELATES TO YOUR TOPIC:

In the past, Canada ...

Management

Introduction
The oil and gas sector of the United States of America supplies around 65 percent of U.S. energy. This sector includes petroleum refining and gas and oil extraction industry. Globally, the United States of America accounts for more than 500,000 producing wells for petroleum and has around 4000 natural gas and oil platforms. It is the third largest producer of petroleum in the world. In total, this country has around 144 refineries which produce crude oil of more than 17 million barrels daily (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency).
There have been several factors like alternative fuels, ...

Abstract

Like many other countries in the Middle East, Saudi Arabia has the access to the crucial natural resource – oil. Unlike some of its neighbors, it has been succeeding in making most of it – the country is not drawn into political troubles (Jones, N/A) and is relatively rich. Despite international criticism related to violation of human rights (the country is one of the world leaders in terms of enforcement of capital punishment), generally, Saudi Arabia is doing relatively well in both economic and political terms. The purpose of this paper is to provide a regression model that estimates how much of ...

The Gulf war can be attributed to a number of factors expressed in the disagreement over the level of the price of oil all intertwined together. Other reasons for the Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait may be attributed to the property rights to Kuwaitian oil and especially the oil fields of Rumaila. The ambitions of Saddam Hussein to feature in international arena and politics play a role in the attacks.
A study of the history of the Middle East and the United States involvement proves a point of Iraq’s motivation to venture into war. The geopolitical perspectives explore the tendencies ...

Introduction

Biomass is a biological material obtained from a living organism or a recently living organism. The word biomass is derived from two Greek words; bio meaning life, and maza meaning mass (Demirbas, “Fuels from Biomass” 43). Biomass means non-fossil and bio-decomposable organic matter (originating from plants, animals and microorganisms). The products, byproducts, residues and waste from agricultural processing, all constitute biomass. Bio-waste simply means non-fossil and biodegradable waste that is composed of organic matter. Bio-wastes include food and kitchen wastes, garden and park wastes, and wastes from food processing plants. Bio-waste is therefore an element of biomass.
Non-fossil wastes that are ...

Introduction

Waste biomass is usually in the form of manure, agricultural residues, municipal sewage sludge, municipal solid waste, and industrial bio-sludge which can be converted to animal feeds, alcohol fuels or industrial chemicals. There are various processes which are employed to convert this waste into the respective useful end products rather than being dumped away. The complexity of these processes depends on the kind of technologies being used. Conversions of waste biomass into renewable energy forms play a major role in reducing the dependence on crude oil and thus promote economic growth. The process of waste biomass conversion to useful products ...

Regression analysis is a statistical technique employed in research when attempting to identify the relation between different variables. In theory, several factors have a significant influence on the outcome of events. However, statistics has established that there exist linkages and relationship between different variables that eventually determine the outcome. Thus investigation is usually directed on seeking the impact of one variable on the other. For instance economists use such analysis when determining the effect on price increase on demand. Thus researchers collect data on the underlying variables of interest and use regression analysis to determine the quantitative effect of causal variable ...

The Effect of the USA Economic Collapse on the Saudi Arabia Economy

Chapter 1
The foundation of the Saudi Arabian national economy is the petroleum market. As early as 1986 Saudi Arabia (SA) linked its riyal to the US dollar (USD) (Sultan 2011, p. 237). The US economy as the leading economy in the world can have a deep impact on the Saudi economy which is a leading oil exporter in the world. The United States experienced a global financial crisis which caused a domino effect of economic problems throughout the world.
The crisis spread to the world’s economy; having a special effect on the Saudi Arabian economy. Affects on the Saudi banking ...

Abstract

The separation processes in industry are a common practice especially in the developed countries as well as in the developing world. As a result, it is a good step to improve the separation techniques to ensure a better process for the production of the finished commodities. The classification of the distillation columns and the packed bed columns together with an analysis of their ability to perform efficiently in the industry is vital. Therefore, the paper entails an analysis of each group of distillation columns, taking into account their ability to carry out their duties, as well as the reason ...

I have researched an article «$20 is the new $40», which discuss the changes in prices oo the oil market at the beginning of 2016 year. The energy, obtained from burning oil, is the main driving force of the economy today. Economic growth and oil prices move unidirectionally, and the slowdown in global economic growth is accompanied by a fall in world oil prices.
Oil supply in the world market depends on the demand for oil products and, accordingly, the factors that form the demand. At the same time, the volume of supply (production) on oil is affected by ...

Introduction

Concerns with avoiding the adverse consequences of Global Warming and the effects of Climate Change has increased significantly over the past decades (Deutch et al.). The leading economies such as the United States are still reluctant to adopt comprehensive climate change policies despite pledging to do so. Nor has there been an agreement with the emerging rapidly-growing economies such as India, South Korea, China, Indonesia, and Mexico on the mechanisms to adopt Greenhouse Gas (GHGs) emission constraints (US Energy Information Administration [EIA]). With Global emissions of GHGs projected to continue to increase, there is the added urgency to not ...

Energy is one of the most important components of our day to day activities. Gasoline, diesel, kerosene, propane and other products are extracted from fossil fuels through a number of systematic processes and are used to drive automobiles, aircrafts, ships and trains. Despite their importance, these fuels lead to the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and results in global warming, which has been on a steady rise for quite some time. A few Economic Crises have occurred in the recent past due to depletion of oil reserves. The latest brands of hybrid and electric cars are the ...

Introduction

Russia is a huge producer of oil and gas. It is the second largest producer and exporter of oil, and the largest producer and exporter of natural gas (Winfrey, 2010). Its economy largely depends on its oil and gas reserves. The funds acquired from its oil and gas reserves have greatly contributed to the survival of its political system. Boix (2004) argues that there are no examples of a successful transition to democracy in a country in which the contribution of the oil in the country’s export income is more than one third, and it seems to be alarming situation for ...

Selecting a career is one of the challenges that students face, especially when they are joining higher learning institutions. The choice of a career usually poses a challenge to the learners. Students are always looking for the careers that will satisfy their professional needs as well as offer them jobs that pay them well. According to parents, one of the reasons for taking their children to school is ensuring that these children give back to the society. Some of the factors to consider when choosing a career include passion for the career, the capacity or ability to cope with the chosen career, creativity ...

Introduction

Saudi Arabia also known as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a country in the Middle East. It borders the Persian Gulf, Iraq, Jordan, Oman, Kuwait, Jordan, UAE, Yemen, and Qatar. In addition, the country borders the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. The kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a large country (the largest among the Gulf countries). The country has an area of 2, 149, 690 Sq Km (CIA, 2014).

People

Saudi Arabia had a population of 24.5 million in 2005. The population is expected to grow by 101% from 2005 to 2050. The population density is 13 per sq Km, 32 ...

Abstract

The effects of oil drilling towards the environment or any drilling of similar nature such as drilling of natural gas has been extensively discussed. Major stakeholders such as the government, the private sector and common people that are directly influenced by these drilling activities have different views towards this topic, which makes it more controversial. Some idealist stakeholders, for example, believe that oil drilling poses serious environmental threats. For the same reason, they believe that the risk outweighs the advantages and so these drilling activities must be stopped at once. On the other hand, those stakeholders that is benefiting ...

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ISBN ...

Introduction

Caspian pipeline is a group of people who have come into an agreement and pipeline that ships Caspian oil to Novorossiysk, which is the Marine lethal, which is found the Black Sea of Russia coast from Tengiz grounds. Additionally, it is utilized as the chief oil way for exportation from two Fields. It makes the sole pipeline for oil exportation in Russia despite the fact that it is not fully possessed by the Transneft as at the year 2009.

The Caspian Pipeline Consortium was initiated in the year 1992, and Eni has been part of it since its commencement. It ...

Management

Introduction.
British petroleum and Oil Company (Bp oil) is an International oil company that supplies energy and petroleum product worldwide.The company has experienced three major disasters since 2005. In 2005, the explosion happened in Texas City oil refinery killing approximately 18 people and injured several people. Such crisis brought damages and losses of approximately $1.9 billion. In 2006, a pipe which had corroded burst and spill two hundred gallons of crude oil in Alaska. April 2010, the deep-water horizon oil exploded (Gulf of Mexico); a major disaster that led to large and shocking environmental pollution ever recorded in the history ...

AbstractThis essay paper basically will discuss how a cartel comes to existence, and how it influnce the markets. This discussion has been applied to the oil market and OPEC. A short history for OPEC and a short literature review on OPEC is given in the paper. The main idea is “if the OPEC's decisions are influencing the market price, then we can claim that OPEC is a cartel”. Consequently, we see that there is not study showing that the OPEC's decisions are influencing the market price for all years. Also considering that every country tries to be strong in the international market, thus ...

Secretary of Labor v. Cities Service Oil Co.and theOccupational Safety & Health Review Commission

Introduction

This appeals court case is about five individuals – four employed by Cities Service Oil Co. and one employed by an independent contractor – of whom four died as a result of inhalation of hydrogen sulfide, while cleaning so-called water knockout tanks belonging to the oil company and located on the Stoltenberg lease near Holyrood, Kansas.
The case came to the appeals court because the Secretary of Labor petitioned for review of the original decision by the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission which had issued citations and ...

The answer for question one is not entirely right. The sector of distribution has been given to be the most vulnerable sector of the petroleum industry. Terrorism and natural disasters have been highlighted as the major threats to distribution. Terrorist attacks can however be made even on refineries. Natural disasters would also interfere adversely with refinery plants and the process of exploration. From my point of view, it is the refinery sector that is most vulnerable. A single terrorist strike in a refinery would cause a big crisis compared to distribution that can be substituted by other channels. The use of ...

Introduction

The war in Iraq has been seen to have been there for a long time. The wars have been speculated to have been caused by the strife to have oil in the two countries. This has been seen to have effects on the relations of Iraq in the UAE. This paper will focus on the history of the wars in Iraq.

Persian Gulf Wars

The first episode of the Gulf War was in the year 1991. This took place between January and February that year. This was a conflict of the armed forces between Iraq and a coalition of 32 nations. The coalition included the ...

Energy industry has of late become a very crucial part of the world economy. The best example is exhibited by the reliance on energy by any industry and this makes virtually the whole world economy to be run by the energy industry. For this reason, the energy industry has come to the spotlight requiring great regulation and control so as to ensure equitable allocation and responsible use of the energy being supplied to the economy (John, 2011).
For this reason, energy sector has become a very important sector of the economy which has attracted very many investors. This has made ...

Many oil companies are aggressively seeking heavy oil as an upcoming energy resource as the world’s energy demand increases. With continued improvements in technology, this once costly source of energy is becoming a viable source of energy. It is estimated that the U.S. has a total of approximately 104 billion barrels of heavy oil and natural bitumen compared to a total of only 22 billion barrels of conventional crude oil (McMahon, 2013). Of the 154 deposits with more than 50 million barrels in the U.S. heavy oil, excluding Alaska, 121 of these deposits are located in California found within several basins ( ...

Environmental Factors; Advantages and Disadvantages

An Environmental Factor is “An identifiable element in the physical, cultural, demographic, economic, political, regulatory, or technological environment that affects the survival, operations, and growth of an organization.”

Source: Business Dictionary

Japan’s scarcity of natural resources, is theoretically overstated. The numerous natural harbours, plentiful rainfall, temperate climate, and other geographical aspects are important yet unclaimed bounties of nature. On the contrary important also are natural catastrophes such as earthquakes, floods and typhoons, and other factors that are beyond control could produce adverse impacts. As a consequence of which the economy and business could suffer.

Advantages / Opportunities;

Natural resources: Japan is known as being least ...

The high price of oil is making daily life and getting to work and school difficult for a lot of people. The news media plays many shocking and frightening stories about the effects the high price of oil has on countries around the world. Sometimes it seems that most of the news reports are based only on rumor. Some journalists and financial analysts do their research though and base their reports on solid research. Learning to understand which reports are based on rumor and which are based on fact is the best way to understand what is happening in world ...