Essays on Midline

INTRODUTION

Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) is an enzyme that plays a significant role in the metabolism of dopamine (DA) and amounts to approximately 60% or more of DA breakdown in the frontal cortex . The gene expressing the COMT enzyme could affect cognition and functioning of the brain via its action on dopaminergic function. A polymorphic variation occurs in the coding area of the COMT gene (a Guanine to Adenine replacement), changing the amino acid from valine (Val) to methionine (Met) at the codon position 158 (Val158Met) and consequently influencing the thermal tolerance and stability of the enzyme. Allelic discrepancies in enzyme ...

The condition is described as the embryonic forebrain and the faces of human babies. The etiology is heterogeneous genetically and therefore is passed from parents to offsprings. It may also have some environmental inclination (Mallick et al, 2014, para 1). HPE is subdivided into four classes ranging from the least to the most severe kind (Nanni, Schelper & Muenke, 2010, para 2). The brain is bifurcated into two hemispheres. Only 3% of the fetuses develop to delivery. Two-thirds of the affected develop alobar HPE. Which is the most severe of them. The prevalence of the condition has been quoted as ...

Literature review

Heat transfer and friction characteristics in a square duct roughened by various shaped ribs on one wall [Aliaga, b, 1994]. Liquid crystal thermograph is used to measure local and average heat transfer coefficient of ribbed surface. The ribs height to duct hydraulic diameter ratio is fixed to 0.1. The rib pitch to height ratio varies from 8 to 15 and Reynolds number spans from 8000 to 20,000[Aliaga, b, 1994]. The experiment consists of heat transfer test and pressure test. The test experiment consists of 750mm long smooth duct followed by a rib-roughened section of equal length. Plexiglas plates are applied to ...

In the human beings, the muscular system brings about movement of their entire body (Carter, 2007). There are about 700 muscles that are attached to the bones of the skeleton system, which comprise of almost half of the body weight of an individual (Clarke, 1996). Further, every muscle is, however, a discrete organ that is made up of the skeleton muscle tissue, tendons, nerves, and the blood vessels. Additionally, muscle tissue is present inside the heart, blood vessels, and the digestive organs. There are three major types of muscle tissues namely Visceral Muscle, which is found inside the intestine, stomach, ...

Anatomy deals with the study of forms and body structures (both internal and external) along different levels of organization such as molecules, cells, tissues, organs and organ system. These forms and body structures performs a corresponding function which is responsible for the growth and development of an organism. The study that deals “with the patterns and processes through which the body functions in its environment” is known as physiology (Starr, Evers and Starr, 2008). Physiology is essential in understanding how anatomical structures perform individual and group task related to the activities of the body. For instance, one segment of the ...

Posture analysis can be referred to as an evaluation of person's posture in search of signs of injuries, and poor habits of posture that can result in trauma in the future. In a set up of a clinic, such evaluations of a patient can be important for determination of the sources of postural strain as well as development of a suitable program of treatment. This technique may as well be applied for things such as assisting a person grow a more ergonomic workspace, right athletic shoes, and so on (Toronto Chiropracter, 2013). There has been carried out an extensive study on human posture in ...

Introduction

Speech and articulation disorders do not necessarily lead to disability but these disorders definitely affect an individual in a multitude of ways. An individual suffering from the congenital disorder cleft palate for example, would most likely exhibit obvious signs and symptoms of speech and articulation impairments, mainly because of the anatomical distortion of the muscles and other facial structures used in articulation. These individuals’ speech may well be distorted for the rest of their lives if left untreated because there is no natural way of repairing damaged articulation structures. There is a statistically significant portion of the infant population suffering from ...

1. Identify the primary abductors of the hip (three muscles). a) Gluteus Medius b) Gluteus Minimus c) Tensor Fascia Latae 2. What function do the hamstrings have in common with the gluteus maximus? Both the gluteus maximus and the hamstrings muscles play the extension role. The hamstrings, which are situated at the rear of the thigh, play the role of hip extension and hyper-extension as well as knee flexion. This helps in transferring the power between knee joints and the hips. In addition, it helps in the forward propulsion. Just like the hamstrings, Gluteus maximus play a ...

Fundal Height in Routine Antenatal Screening

Fundal Height Measurement

“Fundal height is the distance (in cm) measured with a tape measure from the top of the pubic bone to the top of the uterus (fundus) with the client lying on her back with her knees slightly flexed” (Ricci & Kyle, 2008, p. 324). It’s also ensured that the client’s bladder is empty while the test is performed (White et al., 2012). Typically, the fundal height increases as the pregnancy progresses. It indicates fetal growth and provides a gross estimate of the pregnancy’s duration (Ricci & Kyle, 2008) where each prenatal visit must correlate with appropriate ...