Essays on Passwords

Operating Environment:

Hardware: Laptop or Desktop Computers Software: Windows 8.1 Professional Description: This section deals with updating anti-virus definition files, configuring real-time scanning, full system scanning, fast or quick scanning for high vulnerability areas of the system, removable media scanning, and reviewing scan results in a Windows 8.1 system. Notes, Warnings, & Restrictions: Windows Defender is a sensitive utility used to perform system security tasks. Please exercise caution when using it.

Resources (Further Reading):

https://www.microsoft.com/security/portal/definitions/adl.aspx http://www.thewindowsclub.com/update-windows-defender-manually-windows-8 Procedures: Update Anti-Virus Definition Files This procedure guides the user on how to update anti-virus definition files on a system running Windows 8.1. Search for Windows Defender from Start ...

Introduction

Information technology involves a technique for the manipulation, assessment as well as the processing of data. Information technology involves the application of computer and telecommunication systems. Information in the current context means electronic data. There was an evolution in the information technology industry for quite a long period, with innovations taking place time after time. The information technology encompassed transistors and integrated circuits. The application of computer systems or servers in business in the contemporary era is rampant (Jones D, 2017). The servers interact with the client users as well as other servers that exist across business networks. The ...

PART ONE

The online services make many risks much higher. When it comes to security issue especially for the starters, it is both physical and intangible information that have to be of great concern. Otherwise, you will face the risk of hardware thefts as well as hack into your services. Regarding the availability in this scenario, we are considering the available services for the clients and that it offers the required necessities for the customers. Therefore, if customers are in need of some goods online, then the website should be in a working condition, and it should have adequate information concerning ...

Policy Manual Introduction

A policy manual is a general guideline that details the policies and best practices that an organization in a particular industry should follow. This is the case with health care in general and protecting patient data in particular. Starting from a manual system, an electronic or automated system has been found to enhance best practices in the field of health care (Hamilton, Jacob, Koch & Quammen, 2004).

Importance to Organization

It prepares a roadmap for daily administration. A policy manual is also a yardstick for performance. It can be used to train fresh recruits about the conduct desired. It can also be resorted ...

I. Vulnerability Assessments A wireless connection in the 20-people organization has the same vulnerabilities that other wireless network. A wireless network has the characteristic that virtually anyone inside the radius of the wireless network could have access to the network, have unauthorized access and create problems with the information flow. The information technicians of the company must consider the following risks and vulnerabilities of the network: Default Keys: They are the passwords that manufacturer brings into the router by default. Several administrators and final users forget to change the default password creating a risk for the organization. The NETGEAR ...

I work as a member of the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners. This week I was going to make a presentation in one of the universities of our country. I talk about the dangers and true occurrences of fraud. I was told about the identity theft of the professors of the university. At first, there were only two victims but then during a month their number increased to fifteen. All the victims noticed unexplained charges and credit accounts on their credit reports. I became interested in this case, that was why I decided to help them. We will try ...

The use of cashless forms of money payments begun in the twentieth century. The entry of information and technology has taken this kind of transactions to a higher notch. A person can buy a car from the comfort of their home, pay for it using a credit card and get the vehicle brought to where they are. As such, the protection of such data is vital. A company mandated to transact using the credit cards needs to build secure network infrastructure. The organization needs to install and maintain a firewall configuration to protect the transactional data. The firewall will ...

Definition of session hijacking.

Session hijacking is also referred to as TCP session hijacking, and it entails a security attack of a session of a system user over a network that is protected. It is primarily executed through IP spoofing where an attacker inserts commands through source-routed IP packets into an active communication in order to disguise the attacker as one of the authentic users of the system (Basta and Halton, 2008). Since the user of the network is primarily authenticated at the start of the TCP session, it is conceivable for the attacker to execute IP spoofing with ease.

Types of session hijacking.

There are two ...

Introduction

FERPA require the integrity and confidentiality of education records to be maintained at all costs. Thus, all information relating directly to college and university students must be safeguarded against access by unauthorized entities and individuals. However, FERPA gives an institution the legal right to access the records containing information of its students (United States, n.d). Therefore, administrators and faculty members with educations interests may access the confidential information relating to the students, but in some cases, the consent of students is sought before such access is legally permitted. Students are given legal rights to make corrections of their education ...

All organizations face the risk of attacks. In today’s world businesses cannot function efficiently without computers, networks, and the internet. Increased internet connectivity has provided the companies with many incentives but along with them a tremendous increase in the level risk. Although no organization can be fully secure, we have the responsibility to mitigate all risks. The company must assess, plan and address threats and vulnerabilities through different security measures. Denial-of- Service is a major risk for the organization. The attack would aim at disrupting the service network. The attackers can send high volumes of traffic and data ...

Information Security Threats

Introduction Information is one of the most important assets for many organizations, as it acts as a differentiator and provides a competitive advantage. Loss of information such as patent information, proprietary processes, or trade secrets could prove to be very detrimental to a business. While there are many threats to the information security, this report focuses on three of them, which are 1) Denial of service, 2) Privilege escalation, and 3) Backdoor. This report provides measures that address, block, or removes these threats. Information about tools, products, or services that mitigate these threats is provided in the report as ...

Question 1

Encryption defines the process involved in encoding information such that only the authorized person or computer, with a key, can decode it. This process is based on cryptography, the all-important tool for protecting information on computers and computer systems. Encryption has been used to protect information since time immemorial, being used by the Greek that created ciphers which are codes involving transpositions or substitution of letters and numbers. One of the most common ciphers is Caesar’s cipher who shifted each alphabetical letter to the right or left by a few positions, and the Polybius square, just to mention ...

Discussing Modern Electronic Records, Online Venues and Mobile Devices

INTRODUCTION This is the 21st century, an era of ever-increasing advancements in the realm of science and technology. Year after year more advanced, more innovative and more efficient technologies continued to be developed. We see this in how many people rely on technological devices, like computers, “i-pads” or tablets and smart phones, to fulfill their job requirements, to gain an education and in their every day social lives. There are no major industries that have not developed or placed their dependence in some kind of technology, be it farming and manufacturing or banking and construction; the healthcare industry is ...

Nowadays cryptography is critical to all organizations. Cryptography is usually used by passwords, SSL, smart cards. Cryptographic systems can provide following services: 1) authentication, 2) non-repudiation 3) confidentiality 4) integrity. For user authentication the password should be used. The politics for password selection must be applied: the password should contain at least 8 symbols, have characters, symbols and numbers, so that it would be difficult to guess it. It is more secure to use two-factor authentication, rather relying entirely on password authentication. Non-repudiation tools are needed to prove that definite user made transaction (for example, queried statement). Only appropriate ...

North American Nursing Diagnosis Association –International (NANDA-I) and Nursing Interventions Classifications (NIC) are medical classifications, of which NANDA-I refers to enumerative system for nursing diagnosis and NIC refers to nursing terminology used generally in medicine. Hence, NANDA-I and NIC are recognized by all the nursing, medical and vocational systems in the entire North America as the acceptable terms for diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes (Butcher, et al., 2013). They are fundamental in the determination of adequate nursing care and cover standardized classifications of diagnoses, interventions, and results. Both systems referred to above are crucial for the maintenance and, promotion of ...

A branch of forensic science that includes recovering and investigating materials of the digital devices especially when there is a crime committed using computers. Analyzing a crime is the most important factor in digital forensics before arriving at a conclusion. During the analysis process, the most critical function is to validate the evidence. Analysis of forensics and digital evidence depends on the type of investigation involved, the amount of data that will be processed during investigation, court orders, company policies and search warrants. Digital forensic analysis involves locating and recovering particular materials that eases the investigation process at a ...

Is Password Security Becoming Obsolete?

Is Password Security Becoming Obsolete? The use of passwords as entrance to secure sites is quickly becoming a thing of the past, as well it should, for a number of reasons. Passwords are generated by software programs and people to guard access to personal computers, websites, mobile telephones, and other types of technology. However, the users of technology are becoming more uncomfortable with the lack of security provided by passwords and with remembering all the passwords needed for such data as credit card numbers, health information, and bank accounts (Luukkonen, 2015). Advancing technology has provided users with the ability ...

Introduction

There has been a great change going on in the world technologically. Technology has helped people find easier ways to perform different tasks and duties. It has reduced the time people take to perform the different tasks and duties. Technology has been embraced and applied in different areas. An example is in the production and manufacturing industries, where there are better machines that help reduce overall production cost, time, and manpower. The paper, however, focuses on information technology. Sending and receiving information has become a lot easier and faster. Some challenges come up from the technology. When it comes ...

Executive summary

The ever increasing use of computer based information system and internet in the personal, professional and commercial segments is accompanied by relevant collateral issues relating to privacy, security, and ethics as regards use of the system. The privacy and security issues mainly stem from two elements; advancement in information technology that makes privacy and security of information vulnerable to breaches, and inability of the service providers to adequately protect information and data. During 1970s Walter Maner introduced the term ‘computer ethics’ in order to define ethical problems aggravated, transformed, and created by information technology (Joshi, 2015). This paper is ...

Introduction

If an employee with access to sensitive information was terminated, then the employee is considered as an insider threat. These insiders can cause three types of threats to an organization: Sabotage, Fraud, or theft of intellectual property (IP) or data using Information Technology (IT). IT sabotage uses IT to harm the critical assets of the organization. IT can be used to steal data or IP or also for espionage by insiders. Using IT to tamper data, addition, or deletion of data for personal gain or to perform an identity crime can be considered IT fraud.

Hacker’s Targets

In the present scenario, ...

The informational technology and cloud computing-based electronic commerce platform that Global Finance Incorporated (GFI) is currently using may already be good as it is. However, for a company that employs more than a thousand people and one that is continuously growing year on year, certain improvements have to be made, especially on the security end. One quick reference that may be used to assess how linear and secure the connections that any one end user of GFI’s network would be, once initiated, is their network diagram. There, various vulnerabilities and loopholes can be identified. In terms of authentication ...

Security is a major topic of concern these days especially with the escalating cases and threats from terrorists and other lawbreakers who continue to stain the peaceful environment we ought to be enjoying. Security breaches at work or homes may be geared by various motives some of which we have the power to control. The Realest of the threats has come with the tremendous technological advancements which have continued to belittle the previous generations (Milhorn, 2007). Cybercrimes have become a major menace to the society with the hacking of electronic devices, including bank records, becoming a threat to reckon ...

Introduction

A Computer based crime is misconduct that includes a computer system and a network infrastructure. The workstation might have been utilized in the commission of a crime, or the target of one. Cybercrimes have been defined as: "Crimes that have been committed against entities or sets of people with an illegal motive to deliberately damage the reputation of the target or cause physical harm, or loss, to the target directly or indirectly, using up-to-date networks such as the Internet and different mobile devices. Such criminalities have threatened the nation's security and possibly the financial health. Some of the issues ...

Cybercrime and many other crimes are justified by the collection of appropriate evidence by detectives and other law enforcement agencies. The forensics team to collect evidence from the crime scene uses various techniques and tools. Interviewing the witnesses to gather evidence and being able to incorporate the correct method to investigate the crime scene is expected from professional detectives. The paper highlights four mini cases and knowledge of methods used in these cases to collect evidence by forensics experts. Cyber crimes are crimes done by computer experts through their knowledge of software, programming, and networking techniques. In addition to ...

Introduction

The Badlock bug is a vulnerability that got discovered by Stefan Metzmacher, who works for Samba developers (Mimoso, 2016). Stefan has worked for Samba for a long period; since 2002 and he now works as a Samba trainer and consultant at SerNet. The Badlock bug is a vulnerability that affects various kinds of Windows operating system known as the DCE. The DCE is utilized by chairpersons around the globe to get to the most profitable resource on any Windows. The windows network is an Active Directory, which goes about as a system with advanced security watch permitting an association's ...

Introduction

Customers and businesses have realized that flexibility in communication is among the best ways of reaching out to each other. The need for improved relations has contributed to organizations changing the way they do business in efforts to accommodate interactive platforms for responding to customer inquiries in real time. Online marketing is key to promoting effectiveness and efficiencies of how goods and services are offered to customers in ways to improve brand and customer loyalty. Among the major benefits offered by online marketing is the ability to easily reach out to global markets without incurring many costs in advertisements ...

Possible infrastructure vulnerabilities:

A computer network is made up of two or more electronic media that are able to communicate with each other through a predetermined way. Computer networks are very important to the world at present. Network vulnerabilities can be described as any security exposure that exposes the network to undesirable activity or unauthorized access. Network vulnerability has the possibility to lead to unauthorized access to information and resources of the network, altering the activities of the networks and even to the total denial of the network (EC-Council Press, 2011). Network vulnerabilities can be categorized into two main categories; application or ...

The use of evidence in criminal investigation is a non-disputable course of justice establishment in any event of criminal activity occurrence. At the same time, evidence requires qualification to warrant charges in the court of law. The case presented here requires a deep understanding of both the victims' concerns. As a firm, we really need to establish the correlation of the subjects presented. The insurer's concerns and the justice establishment process. However, as a common practice, the outlined practice procedures include a series of events in the process. There are several links to the investigative process as presented in ...

Abstract

The privacy and confidentiality of information is a crucial factor for any organization dealing with large volumes of information. On the other hand, the development in technology, increase in the cases of cybercrimes, and the web-security issues that are common in almost every online platform, makes the need for database security concern for organizations that handle date. Currently, DBMS is one of the best tools for ensuring the safety of data, and this paper will review its use in database security. It will give a cognitive outline of how a company can use it, with the sole focus on ...

Information Technology Auditing

Information Technology Auditing

Question 1

Final Audit Report My final audit report would be written in a manner to ensure that it encompasses the critical aspect of Information Technology aspects of Westchester Hospital. The report will give a succinct insight into the IT infrastructure of the hospital by highlighting and categorizing the machines which have root accounts alongside the specific administrative privileges which are shared with other several system administrators. The report would further incorporate a comprehensive analysis of the general operations of the Westchester Hospital’s IT system by identifying the security concerns of the systems and the best measures ...

Introduction

The contemporary education environment has changed in response to the needs of the market. The skill requirements at present are different from those of earlier periods. The integration of technology in the classroom is in response to the significance of technology in the contemporary environment as well as the need to increase the effectiveness of the instruction process. Educational technology has many applications in the classroom. In addition to differentiating the instruction process, teachers can also use technology. This paper focuses on the use of education technology in the instruction and assessment of the students.

Section One: Mission and Vision Statements

Mission Statement It is ...

Q 1. What is IT Management?

Initial response: I think IT management is kind of way to manage information technology resources. IT management discipline may be defined as the process by which all matters relating to information technology resources and operations are overseen or managed in relation to the needs and priorities of an organization. IT resources include both tangible aspects such as IT personnel, computers and networking hardware, and also intangible resources such as data and software. The task of IT management encompasses practices, policies, steps, strategies and procedures that are used to oversee the selection, implementation, application and maintenance of IT systems in ...

The Use of Cookies As It Relates To Privacy

Globally, internet users have been found to be using at least fifty-five hours online monthly. Most of these internet users spend most of their time in social networks, emails, games and instant messaging. With customers now demanding easier ways to access the internet, cloud computing has become an option for companies where software and other Internet services can be accessible and customizable for consumer’s use. Internet users will thus not need to worry about the lengthy time required to access what they need as the internet servers can readily provide this. Consumers do not need large storage spaces ...

Implementing Cyber-Security: Best Practices at Work

Executive Summary 3

Proposed Solutions 6 Annotated Bibliography 8 Memorandum 11

References 14

Executive Summary The internet brings forth a world of social connectivity, growth and endless innovation opportunities. These have been hastened by the advent of mobile applications and computing. The sudden surge in technology has changed the way we communicate to the way we travel. While some see the beneficial side of technology, others see an opportunity to do harm. These individuals, states or groups present a cyber-threat to anyone who uses the internet. Nothing they are involved in is new; espionage is not new and so is activism ...

Phone encryption is a temporary way of securing the data on a mobile device. Data can be lost or tampered with when the phone is lost, damaged or stolen. When the phone gets into the wrong hands, the data and information can be transferred and wrongly used. When a phone is encrypted, the contents and information are turned into cipher text. Anybody trying to read the information cannot read it (Ciriani, et al. 6) When the phone is returned to the owner, the same method that was used to encrypt the phone can be used for unlocking the phone ...

(Name of author)

What Cyber Espionage Groups Steal from the United States

Anything that could give United States rivals a competitive edge against the country can be stolen by cyber espionage groups. Among the things that are stolen are intellectual property, blueprints for technology concepts, and research and development advancements (Rogers, 2012). These are used to produce copies, or versions of products or develop ideas without the consent of the rightful owner of the products or the ideas. Furthermore, the people who own the rights do not receive any compensation for the use of their products or ideas. Another thing stolen by the cyber espionage groups include merger ...

Introduction

The advent of the Internet has revolutionalized the way companies and individuals conduct business, and have necessitated the proliferation of processes involved in honoring transactions through diversified payment methods. Mobile wallet denotes mobile technology that functions like a real wallet by facilitating online payments and purchases (Amoroso et al., 2012). The ease and convenience of operating a digital wallet have made the platform to attract wide spread interest. This paper is devoted to the usage of mobile wallets, their advantages and possible problems. The number of users with smartphones grows from year to year. In this case, mobile wallets ...

ABSTRACT

This research paper is based on cyber-terrorism. Cyber-terrorism is committed by terrorists who perform acts of violence to influence the behavior of those who have different opinions from their own, with the use of computer based systems. The US government has been targeted by various terrorist groups though cyber-attacks. The nature of organizations which employ the use of Data-Controlled Systems enables such threats to have a great impact on organizations. Cyber threats in organizations arise from processes, staff and infrastructure. There is the need for organizations to come up with preventive measures and response systems to cyber-attacks. Inventory management, ...

Cryptography is an art that is involved in writing and interpreting secret messages. It involves encrypting messages into symbols, numbers, and letters that form a different meaning to conceal the message. In other words, it is the use of codes to conceal a message. In the past, cryptography was very common, especially during epochs of combat where it was deployed to communicate coded messages (Bauer 34). It was an important tool that a particular community would use to conceal messages from their enemies. Today, this mode of communication is rarely used. However, codes are commonly used in technology, especially ...

Q1 Answer

There are various benefits that a company enjoys by securing its systems. Firstly, securing business systems plays a great role in preventing unauthorized access to confidential business information by unauthorized people such as employees and hackers. Unsecured systems attract unauthorized entry of the systems by intruders who can use the information for their gains at the expense of the company. The introduction of modern technology raises a lot of concern on the need to keep systems secured. Cybercrime is one common act that threatens business information if its systems are not secured (Reddy, 1990). Additionally, securing systems assist a ...

Network design proposal

Introduction Any organization that has its operation on many interconnected computers remains exposed to attacks from both external and internal sources. To address the issue, a computer that operates over a network requires several measures that target to minimize possible attack. The term network security is used to describe the process of bringing together the physical and software based preventive measures to prevent the underlying network infrastructure from attacks such as modification of data, misuse of infrastructure, unauthorized access and another form of attacks.

The problem statement

Analysis of security needs The university environment provides different security threats. Data that is stored ...

Abstract

The paper offers a valuable discussion of cyber bullying, including a precise definition and factors leading to an increase in the number of victims affected by cyber bullying. It further provides information about various methods of cyber bullying through which bullies pelt their victims. The paper lists revenge, lack of awareness of harm, perception of cyber bullying as fun and boredom as possible reasons that motivate bullies to inflict pain in victims. It presents statistical numbers of cyber bullying cases and describes the consequences faced by victims. The paper asserts the role of parents in minimizing cyber bullying and ...

The DBIR 2015 is the ninth one from Verizon, and similar to the others, it highlights patterns and trends present in an aggregated incident data set. The report begins by emphasizing that there are few unique breaches in the cyber-world, and that the likelihood that an intrusion mechanism has been applied previously is relatively high. Furtherance, the DBIR informs against the presumption that victims of data breach believe they are in isolation; it is this falsehood that impedes on information sharing on attack patterns, which could collectively help prevent future intrusions. Verizon has managed to develop a classification for ...

Sony is an electronics and entertainment large size organization based out of Japan. There have been two major hacks against Sony. The first one was in 2011where an unknown user hacked the play station network accounts and accessed all the user IDs and passwords. This was a very big risk for the users as there was a threat of access to other personal information like credit cards, email and physical address, telephone numbers etc. Second was according to a published work by Biddle, (2014), there is a very famous and big hacking ‘tragedy’ with this company. In the year ...

Introduction

We live in a digital age today, where everything is accessed and stored online. One observable effect of this phenomenon is that millions of people are now using social sites like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Tumblr, and the like. The primary objective of people using these sites is that they can be updated on the latest news and trends, as well as to communicate with friends and loved ones. Because of this, people put personal information such as contact numbers, passwords, school and work information, e-mail and home addresses, and the like so that they can be easier to be ...

Introduction

A database refers to a collection of organized information. The purpose of this configuration is to enable the easy access, management and updating of data. Databases can be grouped according to the content types they hold. They can be full-text, bibliographic databases and images. In the field of computing, databases get classified according to their approach in terms of organization. The relational database is the most common approach. It is a tabular database whereby data gets refined so as to be organized and accessed in multiple ways. Object-oriented programming databases are congruent with data defined in object subclasses and ...

Introduction

This paper outlines the web security required for a brand new Windows PC for home use with Windows 10 operating system. The PC connects to the internet using existing internet connection. It will also detail the essential security software that is needed for the keeping the computer secure, the password policy for the home computer, the steps that one has to take to ensure that the online banking process is secure. It will also outline the guidelines that one has to discuss with a 13-year old son regarding operating a Facebook account.

Securing the home Windows PC

Home computing carries the risk of theft ...

Management

2016-04-01

Introduction

This paper is devoted to the usage of mobile wallets, their advantages and possible problems. The number of users with smartphones grows from year to year. In this case, mobile wallets have quickly become popular technology. Nowadays, more than twelve percentages of users with smartphones make mobile payments. There are several main players in the mobile wallets arena. They are PayPal, Apple Pay, Goggle Wallet, Android Pay and Samsung Pay (Voo, 2013). There are some applications, which are available for both platforms (for example, Square Wallet). As a rule, retailers’ merchants and payment providers cannot track the buying ...

Klein, D. V. (1990). Foiling the cracker: A survey of, and improvements to, password security. In Proceedings of the 2nd USENIX Security Workshop (pp. 5-14).

The article ‘‘Foiling the Cracker’’: A Survey of, and Improvements to, Password

Security by Daniel V. Klein was published in 1990. Klein looks into system security and discusses how people can hack passwords. He claims that the issue of security has always been a challenge to most individual accounts as there are people who know how to manipulate such accounts such that they hack them and get vital information about another party. He discusses the various ways in which technology has motivated the interference of system ...

Abstract

Biometric access control systems employ the use of biometrics in the identification of the user before granting access to an otherwise restricted area. The technology involves the automated mechanisms of recognizing or verifying the identity of a living organism using a behavioral or a physiological attribute. It presents various features and advantages that place it above the other access control systems. Biometric access control not only provides access control features, but it also provides user management features. The system used different behavioral and physical attributes as biometric characteristics for identification and verification. Testing of individual components of the system ...

Information Security Management

Information Security Management IT Security within the IT department is an important aspect and has several advantages and disadvantages when used in an organization.

The concept is simple to use and helps users protect their sensitive materials from unauthorized users through utilization of passwords. In the case of sensitive materials such as ATM cards and biometric scanners, firewalls are installed. The IT security tactics help to deal with new crimes that come with development in technology to reduce any form of risks subjected to an organization. Moreover, the concept helps eliminate any chance of attackers to gain access to ...