Essays on Vulnerable Population

Technology surrounds us in various forms, and we accomplish results that would have been highly impossible without the commonly used technology, the Computers. As we become more familiar and assimilated to the computers, their flaws become our weaknesses. Every computer system runs on an operating system such as Windows, Linux, or Mac OS, and these systems can be prone to threats from attack sources, which exploit the weaknesses and vulnerabilities. Windows and Linux have their own advantages and disadvantages; however, their vulnerabilities cannot be ruled out. This paper discusses the differences of Windows and Linux vulnerabilities and a few

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Addiction, which will soon be commonly accepted as a manageable chronic disease affects the brain, which science has shown to have the ability to recover from addiction. According to Mark L. Willenbring, M.D., the Director of Treatment and Recovery Research at the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), the vulnerable group to enter into drugs and addiction are the youth between 18 and 25 years. However, Dr. Volkow indicates in her interview that genetic differences are responsible for different vulnerability in people as well as the resistance or response to treatment. The resistance or response to treatment,

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Nmap SYN scan refers to the most popular and default scan option which serves many good reasons. This scan can perform very quickly where thousands of the ports per second through a fast network which is affected by the restrictive firewalls. This scan is used where clear and reliable differentiation between open, filtered and closed states is needed (Smith 16). This scan is also used when dealing with compliance of TCP stacks.
Nmap Null scan refers to the scan that does not involve setting of any bits. The TCP flag header in this scan is zero (0).This scan

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The following delivery analysis is of a TED talk presented by Brene Brown, a researcher whose main focus has been on shame and vulnerability. In the talk she discusses the findings of the qualitative research she carried out on vulnerability. She found that although vulnerability is uncomfortable, it is absolutely necessary for human connection, creativity, joy, happiness, innovative thinking etc. and that the research participants she defined as ‘wholehearted,’ were far more accepting of feeling vulnerable than other participants who struggled with vulnerability. Her talk was engaging for a number of reasons which I will now discuss.
Brene initiated

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It is evident that the communication method of non-verbal attribution is primarily consistent of attraction. This essay will explore in depth, this theory. The conventional study of how there is a reduced conversation with people of different attributes will be carried out to critically understand the functions that lie behind the success of attraction as the most successful method of alluring communication .
At the point when everything and everyone is obscure for people, they profoundly attempt to decrease this vulnerability by all the ways available. Humans, by nature, don't like the obscure, and have the characteristic will and inspiration

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The Name of the Class (Course)

The Name of the School (University)
The City and State
Black-Box testing on Web Applications
The internet has experienced a floodgate of users in recent times. Companies, State corporations, other private entities, as well as individual people spend most of their time on the internet either advertising their trade or finding out the current trends in the global market (Andrews 2006, p. 4). A large number of people using the internet have resulted to security vulnerabilities for web application as people attempt to access even unauthorized sites. The situation leads to theft of confidential information, violating data integrity or

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Four Approaches To Examining Environmental Change In The Arctic And Determination of How The United States Might Better Manage Such Change.
The arctic is the ``polar region” that is usually located at the northern side of the earth. However, scientists have argued over the years that the arctic is undergoing tremendous environmental changes over the past years due to human activities. The foregoing statement being my background, I will therefore address various approaches that can be utilized to examine the ``environmental change” in the arctic. The approaches include and are not limited to;
Forecasting the arctic climate-Researchers can adopt

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Essay

Judith Jarvis Thomson is a metaphysician an American moral philosopher. She distinguished herself for her defense of moral objectivity, moral right and her own point of view in different moral situations. The most famous work, made by Thomson is an essay, dated 1971, “A Defense of Abortion” which is based on pregnant women rights to do whatever she wants with her own body and its function, more than attempt to deny the personhood of the fetus.
Her position about this subject is clear – she argues that abortion is at least sometimes morally permissible, and there are a lot of

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Vulnerable Populations and Healthcare Policy

Compare and contrast the concepts: individual vulnerability and vulnerable populations
According to De Chesnay and Anderson (2012), the concept of individual vulnerability deals with an individual in a system context. This implies if an individual is exposed to certain multiple risks, he or she has the ability to develop health related problems that are because of the multiple risks. Vulnerable populations on the other hand deal with a much broader collective perspective. Consequently, vulnerable populations are certain groups of people that are highly likely to suffer from exposure to certain multiple risks. Since cost of health is high, approaching

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Introduction

The natural disasters, health, medicine and the environment form the bases of the history of vulnerability. In the present world, the young population is more vulnerable based on some issues like early parenthood, homelessness, lack of education, and engagement in crimes. In most cases, vulnerability is associated with poverty because poor people are at greater risks of experiencing vulnerable conditions. A vulnerable population is that at higher risks for poor psychological, physical, or social health. These groups of people have greater-than-average risks of developing health issues. The major health issues associated with a vulnerable population include chronic diseases, high

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Apparently, high quality friendship between two or more people is on the whole characterized by intimacy, pro-social behaviour, and the corresponding low levels of negative features that include conflicts ad rivalry (Saracho and Bernard 269). Arguably, forming a friendship bond entails a process. This process in essence cultivates friendship qualities such as loyalty, trust, and honesty that will fundamentally act as the pillars of the friendship bond. By focusing on the process of friendship formation, this paper will present stages under which two or more people undergo prior to forming high-quality friendship.
At the onset, two people who will

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Introduction

Bash or Shellshock Bash Bug is a seriously dangerous vulnerability is present in a majority of distributions of Apple’s Mac OS X, Linux and UNIX. Stephane Chazelas was the discoverer of the Bash bug (Mimoso, 2014).

Type of Flaw/Condition within the Operating Systems

Bash Bug is a flaw that makes it possible for a system attacker or invader to remotely put together a variable and a malicious executable. The invoking of Bash then executes the damage. In other words, this security flaw allows the creation of environment variables consisting of malevolent code before the Bash shell is called by the system (Mimoso, 2014).
It is

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An important aspect of server security is being proactive about security screening. Anyone who is exposed to any services on the internet, penetration testing is an important task to ensure threat vulnerability (Digitalocean.com, 2014). There are many ways of performing this test, and one of the best ways is via OpenVAS (Openvas.org, 2014).
OpenVAS is the evolved from a project called Nessus, which became a proprietary tool. The security scanner is accompanied by Network Vulnerability Tests (NVTs) daily. The Open Vulnerability Assessment System (OpenVAS) was developed to allow free development of the vulnerability scanner since Nessus had become a

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Introduction

The issue of disparities in health status, access to healthcare and patient outcomes for subgroups of the population has been a concern for public policy for a long time. For example, in 1985, there was a report by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services that highlighted the disparities in healthcare for subgroups. This report emphasized the need to increase the coordination between federal agencies to cater for disparities, improve research and provide better health for racial and ethnic minorities (Murray, Salomon, & Mathers, 2000). There were extensive calls for policy responses to address the excess number of deaths

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Vulnerability to Web Addiction

Management
Vulnerability to Web Addiction\
Introduction
The vulnerability to the web addiction could be followed in the various reasons such as it is the psychological or the physical process involved and it can be said as something that transform the deeds into the habit formation. Addiction could be related to anything under the sky. The predictors of vulnerability to the addiction are of the view that the stress the chief factor has now known it upsurge the vulnerability to the new coined term addiction. The studies that have been conducted all over the world regarding the addiction is that

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Vulnerable Populations

Vulnerability refers to exposure to stress and contingencies, and difficulty in handling with them. In reference to community health, vulnerability refers to certain individuals or people who are likely to develop a health-related problem, due to the exposure they have to multiple risks. It implies that, in a general population there are people who are more sensitive to risks factors that can affect their health. The risk factors are economic, social, biological, physical and genetic factors. The risk factors are interdependent in each other. For instance, an individual with mental illness may not get a job. Therefore, the person

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- What search string would you use with Google to locate a Web server that was offering up a directory listing of the /etc directory, including the passwd file
Web server + directory listing + etc directory + password file
- You are analyzing network traffic and you see the string dXNlcjpwYXNzd29yZA== in a Web request where the client is authenticating with the server. The username from this request is   and the password is 
- Before you embark on a penetration test, what is the very first thing you want to get?
The very first thing to get before embarking on a

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- Discuss the current state of hacking. Identify at least four classes of motivations for hackers including (http://www.sans.org/critical-security-controls/) nation-state funded as one of the four. Identify their generally required skill levels and why each may represent a different level of threat to systems. Identify their major goals and objectives and motivators. Discuss how they are similar and how they contrast one another. Describe.
The term hacking initially just referred to ethical hacking – the act of learning about computer systems, their working, detecting problems in it and eventually writing new programs to solve these problems. However, over the years the

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The society considers physical fitness as the ultimate measure of being healthy. This makes people feel out of order and normality once they are hit with a situation that changes their physical figure and fitness for good. Various culture trends have also accelerated the notion that physical handicapped individual are less human being. This is because they are always in need of a help in everything they do (Beekman, 27). Various articles and publications have been written to the awareness of this issue. This essay will explore and put focus on the differences between the society’s views of

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Ethics of care is referred as a normative ethical theory which aims at defining whether an action or deed is right or wrong. This normative ethical theory was researched and developed by feminists during the second half of the 20th century. Moreover, it is always centered on individuals’ interdependence implying that some communities as well as people are more vulnerable and defenseless than others (Held 9). Ethics of care theory argues that there is a moral significance on the fundamental elements of dependencies and relationships in human life. These elements may include attentiveness, responsibility, competence and responsiveness. Therefore, the

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Introduction

Security of information systems and operating systems is an important aspect that needs to be undertaken with any information system. Kali Linux operating system assesses the risk level of an information system. When an information system is installed, there is a need to assess that information system to see if they meet some baseline and standards. Standards are rules which are mandatory while baselines are the minimal requirements that information systems should follow in order to be considered to be safe. Baselines are the acceptable levels of security for an information system. Standards and baselines get some form of

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Management

Social vulnerabilities are the proneness of social groups to the effect of vulnerabilities and their resistance. It is the degree of the sensitivity of a population to the effects of man-made or natural threats and its capability to respond and pull through from the effects of these dangers. Factors influencing these threats include lack of access to resources such as technology, information and knowledge, limited access to political power and political representation, social capital like networks, beliefs and customs and population.
Social vulnerabilities are not evenly distributed among the social groups or regions. For example, Hurricane Katrina affected the

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IPV4 has relied on ICMP throughout its functioning years. The introduction of IPV6 has further increased the reliance over ICMP. It provides number of additional features as compared to its predecessors. Yet there are number of security concerns attached with it.
IPSec and ICMP do not go along too well in case of IPv6. Manual configuration is desired in this regard. Absence of IPSec makes ICMP less potent against any external threat and makes it no more effective than IPV4 network. In case of IPV6, built in ICMP can prevent the challenges that are faced otherwise. Ping of Death,

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Data is an asset for a person. It contains useful information personal information (Bashaand & Ameen, 2012). So, risk management of data is very important and is an audit of the computer in order to access the discovered vulnerabilities and to take steps for managing loss. As far as asset identification of my personal computer is concerned, the assets comprise of personal computer hardware, operating system, the software, data that I have created, and accessed networks.
My personal computer hardware is identified by the manufacturer, type, model, location, serial number, computer address i.e., Internet protocol, media access control etc and

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NIST special publication 800-53 Application provides the guidelines for organizations in process of system audits to discover security and system needs. The guidelines are formalized and documented to facilitate the implementation of accountability and audit policies.
This paper documents the risk assessment procedures of Maryland Department of Information Technology otherwise known as DoIT. DoIT is an essential department providing technical assistance, advice, and recommendation concerning information technology aspects to the Executive Branch agencies and Government entities.
An audit conducted between 2005 and 2009 reveal that DoIT resources are susceptible to threats. Security controls in place such as firewalls did

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Introduction

Zero day or zero hour threats, are threats that exploit new or previously unknown vulnerabilities in computer applications. The attack therefore occurs in zero days/zero hours of awareness of its existence. Developers of the threat exploit vulnerabilities unknown to the developers of the targeted software. These threats, unfortunately, are difficult to analyze since no data about them is available until after the attack. In addition, and owing to rarity of their occurrence, their observation in honey pots and experiments in labs is highly unlikely. Zero day threats easily pass through signature-based defenses undetected and as such, are an increasing

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A malicious threat is a potential cause of incidents that may cause harm to the organization; it is made up of the initial events that can cause harm to the information system. Malicious attacks, on the other hand, are actions with the objective of harming a target system. These are actions that are motivated and premeditated by the executor. Given that many businesses are going e-business direction, the level of security threats increases. The organization has a network that needs to be secured. The current network design faces a challenge as the business, and internet application demands grow. This

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Cross- Site Scripting is a basically a type of a computer security vulnerability which is normally found in the Web applications. They normally occur when data enters a web application or page through an untrusted source, these mostly entails web request when the client tries to visit a certain site but uses untrusted scripts. It affects most of the applications including most of the critical security applications available in the internet. Mostly they are in two forms which affects the files at different rates in that some are more malicious than the other set of scripts. This depends on

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Risk is the undesirable outcome or eventuality resulting from an eventuality. Security risk management involves the guarding of assets from perils caused by intentional actions. Vulnerability assessment may be described as the identification of weaknesses in infrastructure security. The ways in which risks can be lessened include; risk transfer, risk retention, and risk acceptance. Risk transfer would also be referred to as risk sharing which involves the inclusion of another party in the handling of your risk. Risk transfer would involve the insurance of the assets or the sub-contracting of projects so as to reduce the extent of the

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Commentary 1

I agree with the definitions provided for risk assessment and vulnerability assessment However, I disagree with the difference cited between the two. In particular, while I agree that risk assessment involves the details needed in determining the requirements for recovering from an attack, risk assessment mainly involves the assessment or evaluation of a situation that involves a system’s exposure to danger (Maniscalchi, 2009). It also involves considerations of psychological and physical risks, as well as the protection of privacy (“Risk Assessment Guide, “ n.d.). In addition, I disagree that vulnerability assessment focuses on a specific system and its capabilities

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- What is the difference between a risk assessment and a vulnerability assessment?
The term “risk” refers to the level of exposure to a given threat. Risk assessment is the identification of potential harms or losses of an asset as a result of threat exploiting vulnerability. Risk assessment determines the most critical and likely dangers and evaluates their probability.
Vulnerability assessment is an important part of the risk assessment. It examines “the weaknesses that would make an asset more susceptible to damage from a hazard”. It is defined as a gap in our protection efforts that allow us to determine

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Introduction

An organization’s network system is a critical asset that needs maximum security. Network system security involves both physical and logical security. For a company, it ensures security of its network system they have to invest heavily in security. The rate at which automation is done in the business sector is extremely rapid. It, therefore, calls for intense network system security to ensure that the individual’s business and financial information are secured. The most significant information in a pharmacy business is the information concerning the customers, financial information such as billing data and the employee’s information (Rittinghouse,

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Given the current state of computer security, Vulnerability assessment is required to ascertain the state of the system. VA determines the security situation in a system and give recommendations. This process can be done through penetration testing and vulnerability scanning. Penetration scanning takes care of the networks ports that are susceptible to attacks. Vulnerability scanning, on the other hand, is directed to the susceptible hosts and applications, therefore, protecting the system.
First principles Vulnerability Assessment have four phases that include Architectural analysis, Resource Analysis, Privilege Analysis and Component Analysis. It is true that Architectural analysis probes the contents of

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Abstract

The current research aimed at examining the relationship between psychological indicators of well-being that occur in the general population with the six facets that are comprised to the Neuroticism domain. The results indicated that the facets that are more emotional such as depression, Anxiety, and vulnerability were stronger Well Being predictors than those facets that are not highly emotional. The study aimed at investigating the relationship between psychological indicators of well-being that occur in the general population with the six facets that are comprised to the Neuroticism domain. The predictors of PWB can be arranged from the strongest predictor

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Introduction

List and define what the root causes of vulnerabilities are.
Vulnerabilities are considered as components that affect the security of a computer machine and interfere with the proper functioning of both hardware and software. The root causes of vulnerabilities are due to the attack where there is a penetration of a substance that exploits the programs. The root causes of vulnerabilities include: security misconfiguration settings, the kernel flaws, the buffer overflows, insufficient input validation, symbolic links, file descriptor attacks, race conditions and incorrect file and directory permissions. These vulnerabilities are interferes with the security of computers after they penetrates

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For most of human history the standard attitude towards animals was that they were there to be used as humans saw fit and could even be exterminated or hunted to extinction. In modern times, of course, this has increasingly come to be seen as a highly conservative position, even by those who do not share the animal liberationist position at the opposite extreme—that all sentient beings have equal rights. Human law and custom do grant some rights and protections to animals, such as avoiding needless or gratuitous cruelty, even if they do not extend all of the same

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Evaluation of the UN website

The UN website is an online database with various data sets used mainly by UNEP and other partnering organizations for the global environmental outlook. The website allows one to conduct analysis through creation of graphs, tables, and maps and comparing data at the global, regional, sub-regional, and national levels. The website covers both environmental themes and social economic themes. The environmental themes covered in the website include fresh water, forest, disasters, and climate. The themes covered under social economic domain include population, environmental, economy, health, and education policies.
The datasets contained in the website are important since they serve

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Assessment of the UN website

The UN portal contains a collection of data sets used mainly for reporting the global environment outlook. The portal is structured in a manner that enables one to analyze the data and present it in form of graphical representation, spatial data, and tabular representation. It is also possible for one to make comparison of the data in terms of regions, sub regions, and nations. The portal has several themes which are relevant for environmental reporting. The themes cover two major domains of social economic and environmental. Under the environmental domain, some of the themes covered include: climate, vegetation, agriculture,

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Sustentative commentary:

Commentary for question 1:
The provided answer for the first question is excellent. This is mainly because the two main ways of securing databases is encryption and authentication. The answer is excellent since it provides the different types of encryption methods that can be used to secure databases (McGowan, Bardin & McDonald, 2009). An additional question is how full-disk encryption, virtual disk and volume encryption, and file/folder encryption differ. In addition, the answer has presented various authentication methods. This is excellent since it answers the question effectively. In addition to the information provided, other methods that can be used to

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Neonatal HSV infection occurs in a variety of settings, with a rate of 1-6 per 20,000 births. The majority of infections are incurred at delivery, from exposure to HSV in maternal genital secretions. Postnatal HSV infections occur via transmission by healthcare givers with oral lesions. This study, by Gesundheit el al (2004), evaluates a series of eight cases of neonate genital herpex simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection following Jewish ritual circumcisions conducted in three hospitals in Israel and one hospital in Canada.
The infants developed HSV-1 symptoms roughly one week after ritual circumcision (± 2.5 days). The traditional

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