Essays on Pathogen

Vibrio Vulnificus

Have all of them eaten raw oysters? Might have the oysters been the cause of the poisoning? What is the condition of the patients? Are the people who suffered related? In the event of a positive answer the virus has attacked the similar genotypic and phenotypic markers.

However, one man did not eat any, did he?

How did he get cut? Where? What are his symptoms? Is this evidence to suggest that oysters are carriers of bacteria? Was the pathogen determined simply because the situation fits the description? Where have the oysters been caught? What is the temperature of the water where the oysters were caught? This is ...

Diagnosis

The diagnosis that can be made from the symptoms of the patient is community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). CAP is a severe disease of the lungs that occurs in people who do not have regular access to health care services. The risk factors of CAP include old age and medical comorbidities. CAP has been defined as comprising of chest pain, productive cough, fatigue, shortness of breath, fever, sweating and shaking chills (Musher, & Thorner, 2014). Bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumonia, atypical organisms such as Mycoplasma pneumonia, fungi, and viruses may cause pneumonia.

Gram Staining

The sputum taken from the lungs after a deep cough ...

2017-01-02

Abstract The issue of such parasitic disease as toxoplasmosis is presented in this paper. This disease is caused by the pathogen Toxoplasma gondii. The cases of toxoplasmosis are more prevalent in African countries and countries of Latin and South America. The toxoplasmosis usually has final and intermediary owners: domestic animals (primarily cats) are the intermediary owners and they can infect human. There are different forms of the toxoplasmosis. The adult organism with the strong immune system may not even notice that he is sick. At the same time, the common symptoms of the toxoplasmosis are similar to the acute ...

Application of Epidemiology – Case Study

Application of Epidemiology – Case Study

Information Summative

The statistical analysis of the Good Health Hospital’s medical records reveals the progression of Escherichia coli infection among four hospitalized patients who reported bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting and nausea, loss of appetite, flatulence and pyrexia since last week. The summary of these cases presented below in the context of their further analysis. The findings by the CDC revealed that the E. coli manifestations emanated among the affected patients after consuming the spoiled food items attributing to meats and vegetables.

Background Information (Indicating the Requirement of Further Investigation)

Georgia Department of Public Health (GDPH) describes various nosocomial infections reported within a ...

Despite great advances in medicine like the vaccine or the external artificial heart, it is easy for forget that all it takes in one microscopic bug to unravel our entire society. This catastrophe is depicted in the 2014 film Contagion. This science fiction thriller follows the events of a global pandemic and the societal effects of a calamity of this scale. Our heroes, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) to the World Health Organization (WHO) must race against the incredibly high rate of transmission. The epidemiological process is performed over the course of four months from the first day ...

NAMEUNIVERSITY

Emerging infections are defined by Friis and Sellers (2014) as infectious diseases which were just lately identified and classified taxonomically. The majority of them can cause strong and dangerous epidemics. The term is opposed to the term reemerging infections, which denotes “. . . some ‘old’ diseases, for example, tuberculosis or syphilis, that were renewed because of changed conditions in the chain host-agent-environment (Friis and Sellers, 2014). Beltz (2011) describes such emerging diseases as HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, Lyme disease, Respiratory distress syndrome, Lassa fever, Cholera and others. In most cases emerging infections are not caused by mutations in a pathogen (Beltz, 2011). Lashley ( ...

Article Summary:

The article entitled The Biology of Vibrio vulnificus provides a short discussion about the more important aspects of this pathogen. This pathogenic bacteria are known as one among the most deadly foodborne pathogen in the US, contributing to about 95 percent of deaths related to seafood acquired microbes in the country. Reports revealed that a larger number of cases occur during the more temperate months of May and October. The period of incubation is quite rapid, with an average of about 26 hours after ingestion, and the patient showing symptoms such as fever, chills, nausea, pain in the abdomen, ...

Endogenous opportunist Candida parapsilosis

The baby boy, Tim was prematurely born that means he had weakened immune system when he got an ear infection. During the investigation of ear infection course, it was found that baby Tim received fungal infection that may have entered the neonate during the IV insertions while earlier treatments. The gram stained blood cultures have exhibited that the pathogen was Candida parapsilosis which is an endogenous commensal flora. The further tests including CHROM-agar showed a white colony consisting of pseudohyphae confirming the presence of Candida parapsilosis. It lives on the healthy human skin. Moreover, this commensal flora is an ...

Major Achievements in Biology

Researchers and scientists are always intrigued by biological processes and activities, and strive to utilize them for benefit of mankind. Antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies, vaccines and several therapeutic agents, high yielding as well as disease tolerant plants and animals are all results of extensive research in the fields of cell and molecular biology, immunology, biotechnology and genetic engineering. Treatment to several diseases, even genetic disorders are available today only due to breakthrough discoveries in biology. Three such important discoveries are revelation of structure of ribosomes through X-ray crystallography, identification of tumor specific antigens (TSA) expressed on the surface of cancer ...

Introduction

Trillions of microbes constitute the “Metagenome” of the human gut. This is the organ called microbiome, which is highly essential, and offers the host benefits such as metabolic abilities, pathogen protection, immune system enhancement, and GI tract developmental modulations (De Fillipo, et al.). In their study, three questions regarding the evolution of the human microbiota have been raised. They are: (1) how does the partitioning of bacterial diversity between and within two populations studied? (2) Does there exist a correlation between the diet and bacterial diversity?; and (3) considering the varied geography and hygienic conditions, what is the bacterial ...

Childhood Immunizations

Spring - 2016 Vaccination is a medical manipulation during which certain antigen of the infectious agent is being administered into the organism to induce the primary immune response. The first contact with the antigen is being accompanied by activation of the immune system and the emergence of a subpopulation of lymphocytes, which are able to specifically recognize the antigen. As a result, during the contact with the infectious agent, the immune system is able to react faster. While the purpose of vaccination is the prevention of disease, it can still occur, but in less severe form and with minimal ...

The River and the Chimp is an analytical book written by David Quammen about how the HIV originated from chimpanzees in an African forest (Quammen, 2015). The acumen of this book challenges the many unscientific beliefs about the origin of HIV and spread. There is a great need to understand where this scourge originated to beat the diverse stereotypical and unscientific beliefs. By examining the works of David Quammen in the book The River and the Chimp, this research paper shall focus on discussing the origin of HIV. The knowledge of the origin of HIV is of immense importance ...

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulates all employers to provide a safe, healthy and accident free workplace. The objective of OSHA is to ensure healthy workplaces by setting up standards for employers, which they accomplish by training the employers, education and assistance. The mission of the OSHA is to save lives, prevent injuries, and protect the health of America’s workers, and as a part of the Department of Labor, OSHA promotes worker safety and health in every workplace in the United States . OSHA requires employers to act in accordance with the General Duty Clause of the ...

Microbe-Host Analysis

Microbe-Host Analysis

Introduction

It is unknown how long Staphylococcus Aureus (S. Aureus or staph) has been on this planet. We have been too busy trying to conquer all of successful attempts that it has made to evade our weapons against to establish an intricate epidemiologic profile of it. We do know when it was discovered to be a harmful bacteria, though. One of the primary toxins of staph, PVL, was first discovered by an assistant in Belgium by the name of H. van de Velde in 1894. He was taking care of some rabbits in a laboratory and noticed a ...

The unpredictable changes in climate have a considerable impact on the health of the global population. People need to adjust to the changing weather conditions, and the inability to cope may lead to the development of weather related illnesses and even death. This paper aims to discuss the health concerns that arise due to global climate change, as well as the factors that contributed to the difference in the impact of climate change in the US, UK and China. I. Health Concerns Related to Climate Change a. Expansion of Microbial Pathogens One of the health concerns brought by climate ...

Virulence and Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention

InstitutionVirulence and Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention of Opportunistic Bacterial Infections We live in a day that was much like 100 years ago, before antibiotics existed at all. The reason for this is that almost as soon as a new antibiotic is introduced, bacteria develop resistance to it. In 2008, a type of bacteria was found in China that has 45 specific genes meant solely to confer resistance to antibiotics just in its plasmid. Plasmid is a cellular material generated by bacterial colonies that are hard to penetrate with antibiotics, even without resistance genes (Lutz, 2016). As the search for ...

Introduction

Approximately 2.5 million individuals in the United States contract pneumonia annually, and 55,000 of those individuals die as a result. In fact, pneumonia was the eighth prominent cause of morbidity and is the number one communicable disease in the United States. Pneumonia is the leading deadly hospital-contracted disease and contributes to a sizable amount of deaths in unindustrialized countries as well. It is a grave illness that can impact individuals in all age groups, but it is especially serious in adolescents, the elderly population, and in people with fundamental medical issues such as ischemia, low blood sugar, and ...