Sigmund Freud College Essays Samples For Students

The new introductory lectures by Sigmund Freud are organized in a way that helps to carry the discussion on psychological analysis from one point to the other. The lectures are systematic, and start off by discussing the aspect of consciousness, which is where a person’s psychological framework starts. To these, he states the contradicting nature of the mental process and unconsciousness and cites that the psychological analysis is going to be based on that. He establishes that consciousness does occur in a mental state but that there are some aspects of the state that depict unconsciousness. The state of consciousness is ...

Freud was a human psychologist who studied behaviours of human beings in relation to the environment. He developed a psychoanalytic theory of personality where he argues personality composes of three elements that work to develop human behaviours, the id, the ego, and the superego. The following paper focuses on two of these elements and their application in the book Civilization and its Discontents. The ego element deals with reality while the superego maintains a person’s moral standards and ideals acquired from the family and the society. The Freud investigated the spiritual phenomenon that connects the ego with the outside world through ...

Question 1

In Psychology of Religion by Dan Merkur, religion is brought to light from a psychological perspective. Upon analysing the various work of different psychologist, Dan Merkur argues that some of the religion devotees are not pleased with the fact that religion ought to be viewed psychologically based on the notion that such analysis reduces religion to psychology. Dan Merkur views that religion should be perceived from psychological perspective mainly because religion can be explained psychologically. On the other hand, some other devotees apparent according to Dan Merkur value critical research as a means of purifying idolatry of the mealy human (Merkur ...

The modern study of personality traces its origins to Carl Gustav Jung and his magnum opus Psychologische Typen. Jung postulated that there are functionally 2 axes of personality, the perceiving function and the judging function. The perceiving function involved sensation and intuition whereas the judging function was comprised of thinking and feeling. Katharine Briggs and her daughter, Isabel Myers, based their groundbreaking questionnaire on Jung’s analysis while offering minor modifications of the theory. The original goal of the questionnaire was to aid in the empowerment of women in the workplace by determining what jobs they would feel most ...

Psychoanalysis of Sigmund Freud is a psychic form of literary criticism that has found its way to literature. Research attempts to link the psychoanalysis to the author or an interesting character in a piece of literature. The aims and objectives of the criticism revolve around therapeutic nuances that are very similar to the work of Sigmund Freud, Interpretation of Dreams. The major aspects that emerge as critical in the analysis dwells on thoughts and behaviors that fictional characters exhibit. In poetry, the analysis attempts an outlook of a poem’s structure. According to Jacques Lacan, the language structure and the unconscious stream ...

Application of Erikson’s Post-Freudian Theory

Application of Erikson’s Post-Freudian Theory

Introduction

Erik Erikson’s’ views make significant contributions to the field of psychology; this is particularly in the understanding of personality development and related factors. An understanding of his own study of personal development creates an understanding of development of his psychology (Fleming, 2004). Most of Erikson’s psychology work became evident in the post-Freudian era. It was between the 1930s and 1950s; being one of Freud’s students, most of his work exhibit the influence of Freudian views and theories; this was mainly in the field of personality development. However, dissimilar from Freud’ ...

Sigmund Freud uses the societal function of shaping the behaviors of individuals in the society to conform to the codes of conduct and behavior. He indicates that the society in which we live seeks to restrain our aggressive impulses. While confirming that the society installs a self-control mechanism in the individuals, which he calls the superego, Freud indicate that this internal watchdog masters the desire for aggression. Sigmund Freud also indicates that individuals in the society subdue and redirect their aggression towards their own ego once they are forbidden from expressing their desire for aggression externally. In the theory of ...

Love is an intrinsic sense of affection between two people. There are different types of love; relationships and affairs love. Relational love involves the affection between people who are related by either blood or culture. On the extreme end, affairs love involves two people from the opposite sex who have affection towards one another. Freud’s argue that; love is not what is given but shared. It is what the man gives to the woman and gets in return. He believes that a woman should be submissive in love affairs. A woman is believed is believed to be the chief ...

PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY; SIGMUND FREUD

Psychology as a discipline focuses on the understanding of behavior and mental processes. Through the use of various psychological perspectives, we can make an analysis of people’s actions, personalities and perspectives. The application of theoretical viewpoints helps in understanding the person’s motivations, actions and life as a whole. A psychobiography can focus on any individual, but, for this analysis Sigmund Freud is ideal. His personality and diverse achievements in the field of psychology make him stand out. The developmental psychology perspective will help in understanding his life. To grasp it, focus is on three major areas; Sigmund’s life, ...

Freud believes that civilization controls the liberty of humankind. Civilization has become a key component in human life history because; it gave people a chance to advance economically such technologically. It is also important to note that civilization is defined as the number of one’s achievements and restrictions that have been interweaved in our way of life (Freud 24). Civilization ensures that there is a central authority that acts the ruler and leader so as to ensure there is no aggression through implemented law and order. This paper will focus on how civilization brings misery to the humankind as they pursue ...

Ashford University

The theories of Jeremy Bentham and Sigmund Freud explained many societal phenomena. Every theory strongly applies on Skills and Techniques, Communication, Basic Problem-Solving, Ethnic Diversity, and Establishing and Using the Helping Relationship. The psychoanalytic theory is initially laid out by renowned philosopher Sigmund Freud in the nineteenth century. Freud advanced the recognition of childhood happenings that could possibly influence on the mental functioning of grownups. Psychoanalytic theoreticians do not trust in free will but trust that human conduct is deterministic. It proposes that human beings have both aggressive and sexual drives. The psychoanalytic theory provides a basis for therapeutic treatment ...

The historical, cultural and scientific events of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries shaped human thoughts and philosophy. The purpose of science and philosophy is to explain the universe, meaning of life and where man fits in. Man has made progress based on the growth and development of science and philosophy.
The conventional opinions that were barriers to a richer human experience were attacked by Nietzsche, who disliked liberalism, communism, and socialism. He disagreed to the two-hundred-year-old western intellectual tradition of progress and condemned the morality of Christians. He advocated that the man was living alone in an ...

Nothing compels one to enjoy other than Superego. Superego is the imperious of a French word jouissance that simply means toEnjoy! In as much as jouissance can be decoded as “enjoyment,” Lacan translators usually let it be in French so as to render its excessive and traumatic appeal: It is not like we are dealing with simple features, rather, it is dealing with an interruption that offers more pain as compared to the pleasure that comes along with it. This is normally the manner in which the Freudian superego is perceived, the cruel ethical support that bombards people with the ...

Introduction

The artists living in the rapid modernizing world of the first half of 20th century wanted not the depict modern everyday life, rather to reveal the emotional and psychological effects of the people’s life. Such artists like Henri Matisse and Paul Cezanne continued painting quite traditional topics, portraits, and life (Fall et al, 2002, p 123). Throughout the modern Art that took place in the first half of the 20th century, there were several themes were evident. These themes included the use of primitivism in various art movement, the exploration of Freud’s psychoanalytic theories, the changing role of ...

Freud noted that it was possible to have the duality of drives in the sense that every engagement entails more sinister dimension of hatred and aggressiveness. A number of people can be bonded together in love implying that people are connected together as a shared identification. When people are driven by hatred and aggressiveness, it is likely to realize that it is hard for a human to unrestraint the inclination towards aggression. As a result, the cohesion between members of the society is made easier. For instance, when a particular group is connected with universal love as the foundation for togetherness, the members ...

Introduction

Conscience determines the type of actions that are morally right or morally wrong. In order to find out whether the conscience is factor that brings about morally good actions or not it is important to know first what the definition of conscience is. Conscience is defined as the inner most feeling or voice that guides a person in the path of doing something wrong or good. When it comes to the topic of conscience been the guide for ones doing morally good or evil things is something that has been discussed by money, there are those who believe that the ...

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Introduction

Each individual has peculiar traits and characteristics that differ from other individual. These differences are unique and refer to as the individual’s personality. In our daily lives, we tend to encounter individuals who are quiet and reserved; other individual prefers to sit in the corner, while others like to become the center of the crowd, chatting with every individual in the party with full confidence.
This varying traits and behaviors of an individual are best explained by renowned theories that will potentially help one why a person is behaving a certain ...

Other Details

Introduction
Psychodynamics is an approach to Psychology that systematically analyzes human behavior and studies the forces that drive behavior (WebMD, 2006). Therapists attempt to understand the personality of patients and help them deal with their problems. The Psychodynamic model is one of the first models to be used for analysis of personality. Psychoanalytical approach was first developed by Sigmund Freud (1856–1939). This approach to treatment is non intensive and includes no more than three to five sessions a week. It is based on the principle that an individual shows abnormal behavior when he is engaged in a conflict with ...

There are numerous and outstanding philosophers who have contributed to the field of philosophy and in particular on issues relating to religion. Sigmund Freud is a man who has been variously described by other scholars. Peter Gay in the biographical introduction of ‘The Future of an Illusion’ describes Freud as an atheist, who is fully convinced about the idea, and demonstrates a high degree of consistency and aggressiveness in atheism. In his book The Future of an Illusion wrote in 1927, Sigmund Freud describes various aspects relating to religion, its origin, development and the future. In essence, Freud observes religion as ...

The universe has never run out of wonderful mysteries, and perhaps one of the greatest mysteries that we will never grow weary of exploring is the mystery of life. In Biology, we learn of the many ways through which life manifests itself in our planet. In Taxonomy, we learn that there are, under different classes and kingdoms, thousands and thousands of names that we use to refer to living things, be it animal, bacteria, protist, or any other life form. This background and context only makes more interesting another one of those mysteries of the universe that we have ...

DREAMS

Dream is a natural physiologic process of being in a condition with the minimum level of brain activity and lowered reaction at the environment. It is a subsequence of images that can be remembered by a human. First experience of rational interpretation of dreams refers to III-I millennium BC applied by such Greek philosophers as Democritus, Plato, Aristotle, Artemidorus and others.
But the initial attempt to create a systematic psychological theory of dreams belongs to an Austrian psychologist, psychiatrist and neurologist Sigmund Freud who described this theory in his book “The interpretation of dreams” (1999). He distinguished between the manifest and latent contents ...

The book by Freud, civilization and its discontents argue about the capitalist work and effects they have had on the society from a different perspective compared to the estranged labor by Karl Marx. Despite the differences that do exist between the theories, there exist some similarities that will be highlighted in the content of this paper. The similarities in this essay will be highlighted contrasting and comparing the contents of these two articles.
The article by Freud is based on his previous work which is religiously based. In essence, his try to overlook the existence of different pathological and ...

Since time immemorial, philosophers, scientists, theologians, and laypeople have inquired about the nature of "God" and the possibilities of a transcendent realm from both a scientific perspective as well as a religious perspective. Their answers are nebulous, as the lack of evidence of an Omniscient being, or a loving "Creator" can be construed as the absence of the ability to know this realm. Any knowledge of such a realm must be taken on faith alone, as it is not scientifically provable, which either proves that science has its limits, or that the knowledge of God operates beyond the realm of scientific empiricism -- and ...

Numerous debates have been produced relating to the ideology of atheism and religion. These arguments have been raised by scholars and individuals who believe that their opinions are irrefutable. However, both religious leaders and atheism propagators are surprised to learn that the arguments related to the existence of God lives on for centuries. These arguments were all refuted immediately they were implied. Some of the genuine arguments given consideration are those that emerged with the past hundred years. Feuerbach, Marx, and Freud propagated these arguments. Therefore, this paper will scrutinize some of their ideologies and concepts in relation to ...

Since at least the time of Socrates, Western thinkers have attempted to define identity and selfhood. A number of thinkers' arguments merit consideration for their efforts. However, Sigmund Freud and Rene Descartes (widely-considered to be the Father of Modern Philosophy) posited theories of identity that have withstood the rigors of both experience and analysis. Upon a more closer examination, Freud's theories of selfhood are more epistemologically-sound, and reflect more concern with a scientific description of selfhood, thus making them a more accurate definition of identity and selfhood.
Both Freud and Descartes were scientific thinkers. They were both less concerned about questions ...

Growth and development are two dynamic processes that occur in the course of a human’s life. The two terms are often used interchangeably even though they denote different things. Growth is usually a process that takes place during the first twenty years of one’s life while development is a continuous process that takes place throughout one’s life (Beckett and Taylor, 2010). In trying to explain various aspects of growth and development in human life, psychologists have formulated various theories. Some of these theories have been proven and authenticated by research while some are still undergoing research and have not ...

Freud thinks human beings can never be happy for a number of reasons. Unhappiness is a peculiar feeling that is present in millions of individuals around the world. It is a feeling that has no limit and is subjective. Freud says that it is not easy to deal with the feelings scientifically. He says that the feeling is oceanic, and it is an intellectual perception present in every other human being. It is not possible to enter into people’s minds that have the feeling to be able to understand it and thus, we cannot tell if the feeling is correctly interpreted. ...

Freud’s discovery of psychoanalysis is a discussion that has been of great interest to me. Prior to this week, I had limited information concerning Freud. From my historical point of view, Freud was a neurologist who practiced his work effectively. He majored on the study of treatment of brain and nervous system. Upon his interaction with Charcot, he realized that the mind could have power over the body (Mc Grath 45). He made this observation as he interacted with Charcot’s patients. This marked Freud’s discovery of psychoanalysis theory.
There are important lessons, in relation to psychoanalysis, that ...

Psychoanalytic theory was developed Freud Sigmund. He asserts that personality and behavior of a person develops through the constant interaction that operate in three different levels the person is aware. The three levels of awareness include unconscious, preconscious and conscious. Psychoanalytic theory is the first theory to talk about personality. Psychoanalysis is the practice of psychiatry. The theory had many controversies and it influenced many societies around the world through different disciplines. The ideas of Freud did not only influence the discipline of psychology but it also had profound impact on film theory, art, cultural studies, philosophy and history. The ...

Lifespan Perspective of Human Development

The lifespan of any living thing are the various stages a person undergoes from birth until death. Famous psychologists, Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson have divided these phases into separate stages that every individual undergoes. The lifespan perspective has its roots in three main concepts; biological, socio-cultural, and individual influences. Even though development is a lifelong process but the rate of development declines over the years as a result of ageing. There are several theories on lifespan development which include; cognitive, behaviorism, social, psychoanalytic, and psychosocial. Psychologists who have developed theories based on these schools of thought have taken differing approaches towards ...

Introduction

Evolutionary Psychology covers topics such as status hierarchies, parent-offspring relationship, conflict between the sexes, aggression and cooperation (Buss, 2010). In the video of David Buss, he discusses some of the main features of Evolutionary psychology. The individual and civilization shows the effects civilization and society has on individuals. In civilization and the individual, Freud compares the external world and the feelings it causes a person to feel. He claims we are drawn to happiness and that individual’s avoid suffering in various ways such as; intoxication, withdrawing from the world, love, beauty or art, displacement of libido and influencing instinctual ...

Blaise Pascal formulated the Pascal’s wager in the seventeenth century. The mathematician and philosopher presented his thoughts in his Pensées. Pascal made his arguments based on probability theory and game theory. He tried to explain the reason why people should believe in the existence of God despite the fact that this cannot be proved or disapproved rationally. The wager attempts to justify people’s belief in God with an appeal to self-interest rather than an evidence- based argument. The argument thus suggests that it is rational for people to believe in god because it is in our ...

Erikson was very much interested in psychoanalysis. He attended many meetings of psychoanalytic society and received their training, part of which was provided by Anna Freud (daughter of Sigmund Freud).
Erikson, accepted Freud’s theory about the unconscious, psychodynamics, and psychosexual development. His focus was on ego and its adaptive function in forming the personal identity. Very early in his career, he decided to extend the Freud’s theories by clarifying the roles of the social environment and culture on development of the ego. He is often referred as ego psychologist. The primary contribution of Erikson was the ...

PSYCHOLOGY AS A DISCIPLINE

Psychologists have come up with different theories working towards the human brain and their behavior in relation to various things including their everyday living in relation to the environment. Different ideas/efforts worked at different times in different situations as opposed to the way they were set up. Among a number of theorists and psychologists, Sigmund Freud worked on a theory basing his research on psychoanalytic perspectives, unconscious motives, wishes and urge, the five stages psychosocial development childhood experiences and dream analysis. Another was Ivan Pavlov working on the idea of classical conditioning, associative learning and stimulus – stimulus. He also researched on ...

Karen Horney was trained in the pro-masculine perspective of Sigmund Freud, but she later on realized that her own orientation about the psychoanalytic view of women was skewed. This realization set her to create her own theory and went against several of Freud’s proposition. In the works of Horney, she mentioned that the psychic differences between men and women are not products of anatomical difference but rather a result of cultural and social demands and expectations (Feist & Feist, 2009). If Freud has the concept of Penis envy, Horney introduced the womb envy. Womb envy connotes the envy felt by ...

Individual differences sprang from different factors including education, social upbringing and environment. People might be inspired or motivated by another person. However, that is not a sufficient reason to assume similarities or even agreement in majority of the other person’s beliefs and practices. This applies to renowned Psychologists Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud.
The two theorists got acquainted in 1906 beginning with a correspondence. Sharing the same interests, both men were drawn to each other which began their professional collaboration. However, in the process the student saw some inconsistencies and absurdities in his teacher’s methods and techniques (Kerr ...

This paper seeks to take issue with Freud’s visitations to Hamlet, the vicissitudes of the Oedipal in Freudian analyses, the text and the meaning/s thereof, with a focalised interest in Freud’s essay ‘On Repression in Hamlet.’ It seeks to delineate the basic tenets ingrained in Freud’s essay, the critical readings in psychoanalytic literary criticism with reference to Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet’s visits to the ‘Oedipal’ shrine and the reverential treatment meted out as evinced by the essay and a close analysis of the text. The aim of the paper, therefore, is to initiate a critical dialogue with Freud’ ...

The nature of the human mind has been a controversial subject among psychologist and scientists. It has baffled many especially on how it works on some particular extreme cases that seem to be out of the normal ranges of human knowledge. The unconscious and the conscious minds have been claimed to function independently. Christopher Bergland ( 20th March, 2014), offered new insights on the workings of the unconscious and conscious mind.
I agree on the assertion that the brain has both implicit and explicit systems. The implicit system makes implicit learning possible. This type of learning is automatic and happens ...

Psychology is a complex subject, often coinciding with constructs of sociology. Many psychologists have lent their theories to sociology in an effort to explain how units of people bind together and why people act the way they do. One unit in particular is a family, and the roles they fill are sometimes known as gender roles. Sigmund Freud has very precise views on gender roles, sexuality, and how it impacted the family unit. For example, Freud believed that women lived in constant envy of men. Erik Erikson also had theories on gender roles, beginning in childhood, involved role confusion. His theories ...

Cindy Sherman is one of most controversial artists of modern times. She has earned acclamations and criticism for her works. Critics allege that her works are unnecessarily obscene while a number of people find her work inspiring, issue oriented and raising some relevant questions. This paper intends to discuss works of Cindy Sherman and further examines the allegations of obscenity in her works.
Majority of Cindy’s photographs are not obscene and even her critics accept this fact. Cindy Sherman, through her photographs and other mediums of expressions, raises the issues related to gender, female, sexuality, oppressions and desire. ...

Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson are two most influential psychoanalytic theorists that proposed their theories regarding personality development. Sigmund Freud described personality development based on psychosexual stages, whereas Erik Erikson emphasized personality development based on social influences.

Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud proposed the psychosexual theory focuses on the fact that personality is developed in childhood. It consists of five stages and begins from the age of five. On the basis of these five stages, an individual’s personality is developed. From childhood, a person tends to satisfy his or her sexual urges this is because of libido, which is a psychosexual instinct found ...

Erik Erikson, Karen Horney and Erich Fromm are famous psychoanalytic theorists who contributed remarkable knowledge to the field of psychology. All three of these theorists belong to a group called ‘Neo-Freudians’. Sigmund Freud was one of the earliest pioneers of psychology. He introduced a lot of theories related to psychology that got accepted by a large number of followers. On the other hand, his contributions helped other psychologists in their researches and unravel the mysteries of human psychology.
Neo-Freudians is a group of theorists who accept the basic ideas proposed by Sigmund Freud but disagree with further analysis done by him. Neo-Freudians ...

The world greeted Sigmund Freud, whose profound and vigilant mind became the laboratory for psychological discoveries which have shaken the complacent conventions of Western civilization (Puner 1) on the sunny day of May 6, 1856 in a little town of Freiberg, Moravia (now known as Pribor in the Czech Republic). Sigismund (later changed to Sigmund) became a firstborn in the family of five girls and three boys. He had come into the world covered with a growth of pitch-black hair, which his loving mother, Amalia Nathanson Freud, interpreted as a special sign of distinction (Puner 2). Remarkably, she was quite right at her ...

Argue for or against the validity of Sophocles' Oedipus the King being interpreted through Sigmund Freud's theory of the Oedipus complex
According to Sigmund Freud, the stalwart of psychology, Oedipus complex is the tension between the child and the father as the child takes his mother as his object of sexual desire. Thus, a friction grows between the two male members of the family. The child sees the father as a competition to him for the lady’s love and affection. The child despises the love and bond between the parents and feels like being in the centre of attraction ...

Nietzsche’s genealogy of morality and Freud’s concept of unconsciousness offer distinct explanations for the forces that affect behavior. The relationship in their explanations perhaps lies in the fact that both of them attribute the behavioral factors in human beings to influences. However, the point of departure between the two begins with the nuanced association of the causes of the behavioral influences. While Nietzsche would have us believe that behavioral influences are a factor of social constructs of what is bad and evil, Freud on the other hand, would have us believe that behavior are a factor of internal influences ...

As the world thrust forward with the advent of modernism and civilization in the late 9th century and early 20th century, so did the human thought. Several thinkers and theorists put fourth their minds questioning the way things were done by the elite and therefore wanted a change in how governments, scientists and people in general reasoned out issues that affected man at the time (Askay & Farquhar 66). Some of these philosophers include Karl Marx, Darwin, Sigmund Freud, Nietzsche and even Dostoevsky. Most of these philosophers went against what was culturally considered the norm and argued against some of the ...

Unconsciousness can be well described by a situation or a state whereby the human mind is devoid of responsiveness to people, habitat or any other stimuli found in the environment. In a straightforward language, it is a state where the mind is functioning to its optimum or there is disconnect in the human coordination system. For instance any patient, who is in a coma, is described as being in an unconscious state. A point to note is the fact that what basically causes lack of consciousness is anything will hinder the normal function of the brain, for instance, brain injury or cardiac arrest. Apparently, ...

Jennifer Holloway

Last night I had a dream: sitting in a grassy field, I was listening to the radio. All of a sudden I heard the voice of Joseph Smith, the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement – apparently he was speaking to me. After looking around I realized I was not the only one listening to him – my husband and a lot of church members were there too, all amazed and fascinated by Joseph Smith’s preaching the gospel.
It was a beautiful day and I could feel tender warmth of the sunshine. There was also something very nice and pleasant about the atmosphere ...

Analysis of counselling session

Analysis of counselling session

Introduction

Countertransference usually happens when someone says something to a person because they may have possibly triggered something from their past and their response to the person may triggers something back towards them (Gelso, 1995). So the person is now "counter" transferring it back to them - "basically returning" the transference feelings back to the other individual. The counselor interest in this subject derives from my own preference to use (or be used by) the transference process in the work. It likewise comes from the counselor’s personal experience of being on the receiving end of what ...

Today there are several different theoretical approaches to personality analysis. This paper presents comparison between two of them – humanistic and psychodynamic. This analysis will present the main differences and similarities between the theories and will choose the one of them that is the most effective one.
Humanistic approach has two main directions. The first – a clinical one (focused mainly on clinic) is presented in the views of American psychologist Carl Rogers (1902-1987). The founder of the second – motivational trend is American researcher Abraham Maslow (1908-1970). The founder of the psychodynamic approach was Austrian scientist Z. Freud (1856-1939).
The ...

Introduction

Sigmund Freud emphasizes the importance of the psychoanalytic value of dreams tremendously. He is of the opinion that dreams give a useful insight into the unconscious mind of a dreamer. His fascination with dreams shows in his keeping a diary during his childhood and he has used many of the ideas and dreams written on the pages of his diary while composing his most famous publication 'The Interpretation of Dreams'. Freud believes that dreams are an attempt to fulfill wishes by the id, especially those wishes which remain unfulfilled in the waking life due to various reasons. Because the longings and desires ...

- The study of a person’s psychology as it relates to individual development is known as developmental psychology. Feldman defines it as “the branch of psychology that studies the patterns of growth and change that occur throughout life” (p. 333). Developmental psychologists study the question of nature versus nurture, “the issue of the degree to which environment and heredity influence behavior” (p. 333). When studying someone’s development, one normally focuses on whether or not their behavior and personality are the result of heredity or their environment; people could be certain ways depending on their genes or on how ...

Paper Review

The journal on whether or not Freud was partly right on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) presents a number of critical issues that must be accorded in-depth analysis. Both positive and negative augments on the relevance of obsessive compulsive disorder do exist. OCD’s definition is upheld in a number of accessions as a disorder in which an individual is very worried about other people’s wellbeing and it emanates from a socio-cognitive development process. A person’s makeup highly contributes to this disorder. Malfunctioning of an individual’s cognitive ability is a key challenge attributed to OCD hence the prevalence of biased judgment. OCD is ...

Night by Elie Wiesel

In the book, Night by Elie Wiesel, the theme of “the individual and the state” resonates throughout the book. In every chapter, the struggle between the individual and the state is brought out by the narrator. The German occupation of Hungary, including Eliezer’s own, brings with it a horrifying experience. The narrator, once captured together with his family, is taken to holding camp where he is separated from his mother and sisters. The narrator and his father undergo a series of ordeals as they are forced to watch and experience death. All along, Eliezer and his father stay alive through ...

Man and a woman - Two completely different “worlds” on our planet. There are many differences between them. For example: women have a much stronger developed imagination than men. Women have a lot of faults but at the same time men are characterized by only two: What they say and what they actually do. God has created the man before woman in order to have enough time to think and search for the answer for her first question.
The role of man and woman has been determined differently all over the world, but most countries rely on the standard “traditional” gender ...

The general description of Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory is through his famous analogy of the personality to an iceberg. According to Freud, comparing the mind to an iceberg, as shown in the visual representation below, the apex of the iceberg is considered the conscious level; the middle portion or the pre-conscious level as the readily accessible awareness facet; and finally, the unconscious level is depicted down below as inaccessible and hidden (Rana par. 5). As such, Freud identified three levels of consciousness: the conscious, unconscious, and the preconscious. The conscious level is aptly describe as the most evident ...

Salvador Dali painted The Persistence of Memory in 1931, and today it is regarded among the 20th century’s most acclaimed and remembered paintings. This painting served as a means of introducing Surrealism in conventional America. The reason this painting has always been increasingly appealing, and has both encouraged and perplexed analysis and explanation is because Dali has effectively combined the dreamlike and the everyday, the illogical and symbolic, technology and nature. Even the hardness and softness in the painting create confusion. However, according to the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA), these “baffling” qualities of the painting, especially the watches, ...

The definition of “repression” has been widely contested among psychologist for the past years. Webster dictionary had given a it a definition of being “a process by which unacceptable desires or impulses are excluded from consciousness and left to operate in the unconscious” or simply saying the placement of a unacceptable taught in a far area in our unconscious mind where it can’t be easily retrieved. Sigmund Freud in his book An Outline of Psycho-Analysis tried to investigate further how one gets repression, their behaviors and therapy treatments. Years later, Jennifer Freyd tried to do the same when she published her book Betrayal ...

Sigmund Freud was born in the year 1856, in Freiberg. As a matter of fact, Freud was tremendously to be the founder of psychoanalysis and Australian neurologist. Sigmund Freud is credited for various issues in the world, especially developing a new approach on issues pertaining human personality. In fact, Sigmund Freud is believed to be one of the controversial and influential minds in the 20th century. In general perspective, Sigmund Freud is among the trailblazers of the modern psychology. Sigmund in his work distinguished himself from other psychologist due to his intellectual mind. He became the pioneer of the new strategies ...

Introduction

Every problem operates at two levels; peripheral level - it’s visible outward appearance and root level - its clandestine originating point, which usually is hidden from one’s normal vision. Successful solution lies in attacking the root-cause to shut down the oxygen supply, rather than the periphery, since the latter is often a catastrophic off-shoot of the former, if left unattended. That’s why as children, beyond a point, our parents often stop always surrendering to our demands for expensive toys, as a solution to our post-rejection tantrums that annoy them, and instead personally counsel us to instill reasoning about the ...