Essays on Personality Development

Introduction

Development is a word that describes the process of growth, adaptation, and changes that people undergo during their lifetime characterized by personality, physical, cognitive, socioemotional, and language developments. The work of developmental psychologists helps the society to understand different developmental theories and how they influence life in various stages of life through various development theories. Development theories describe various factors that influence the development pattern of an individual that include hereditary and environmental factors. On the other hand, other psychological experts argue that development is controlled by nature and nurture that combine to influence biological factors. However, psychological developments ...

Introduction

The journey by which an individual develops is both very personal and also very predictable. It is predictable by way of accomplishing certain milestones at particular times. Development is marked by these milestones and through them, an individual's development is able to be termed “normal’ or “abnormal.” However, it is personal in that each person achieves these milestones at different times in their development. The similarities between the development of each person allow for the timeline of development to be documented and analyzed.

Social Development of Infants

In infants, social development primarily occurs as the child begins to become aware of and respond ...

How absentee fathers affect teen pregnancy in daughters

Introduction The family is the basic unit of society. From this structure, individuals learn the tenets of how to integrate into society and cope with other members. Most mammal species live in the family unit, be it nuclear or extended. Within the family, members learn to bond, share and assist each other with difficulties. The human species shows the most sophisticated form of human organization. When children get born, they only get taught how to survive as adults, but there are certain values that parents must pass on to their children. Each family and society have different values and ...

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to understand the role of the family in the psychological development of an individual. As family contributes genes and the immediate environment into which a child is born and reared into adulthood, it's influence on the individual’s psychology cannot be denied. While certain characteristic of psychology in the context of the family are flexible to change, few characteristics are inflexible. An open minded approach is undertaken to explore the influence of family, and to present different perspectives that can be applied for a better understanding of the topic. The context of family ...

Bill Gates, as any outstanding personality is unique. However, today we will not argue with those who criticize him. We will apply the golden rule of business, which reads: "Learning should be from the successful people." We will talk about what events from the biography of Gates and the quality of his character helped him to become what he is. He is the legendary founder of Microsoft, who is also the richest man in the world for over ten years. He is a charismatic business leader, innovator, has a knight title in the UK and is the father of ...

Albert Bandura was a prominent researcher who advanced a key behavioral theory that he later referred to as social cognitive theory, or SCT. The cornerstone of SCT is that people learn via observation (Denler et al., 2014, p. 1). Moreover, Bandura states that people’s personalities are not only molded or shaped by their environment, but people also affect their environment (Denler et al., 2014, p. 1). Thus, Bandura takes classical conditioning and operant conditioning one step further by asserting that there is a multi-faceted interaction between a person, their environment, and subsequent behaviors (Denler et al., 2014, p. ...

Problem Statement

Effective parenting is an important way of developing the people, especially during the teenage or adolescent stage. This is the time when a young person is more exposed to various risks. The society is a big place, which gives various risk factors that directly affect and influence the development of a child. Violence, drugs, and other undesirable actions can be adapted by the child if there is no effective parenting on the situation. The study of human socialization of adolescents is an important topic to know if or not parents are doing the right thing for their child, especially ...

Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) is a brain disorder that interferes with children’s concentration, attention, self-esteem, and self-control. The children have trouble staying focused, being organized, thinking before acting, and making realistic plans. They develop an aggressive, socially inept, and defiant attitude, therefore, making it difficult to undertake their daily chores. Children with ADD face difficulty adapting to changing situations and become noisy and fidgety when exposed to unfamiliar situations (Brown, Reichel & Quinlan, 2012, p.60). The disorder affects about 10% of children in America and is easily identifiable in the first six years of a child. Various social psychologists ...

While most people are familiar with a number of leading theorists in psychoanalysis, particularly Sigmund Freud, and possibly Adler and Jung, most people would not be familiar with Karen Horney, considered to be the “fist psychoanalytic feminist” (Hergenhahn & Henley 525). Horney disagreed with several concepts introduced by Freud, especially his focus on unconscious sexual motivation and the division of the self into 3 parts: id, ego, and superego. She believed that social experiences had a greater influence on the creation of self. During the Depression, she found that her clients’ problems were caused by unemployment and the inability to ...

Each person comes through different stages of development. Thus, there are a lot of theories on psychological development stages. Though, they are different and depend on the different factors. That is why it is not correct to separate some distinct stages of the development. Child development is a complex dialectical process. In psychology, there are the following periods of child and youth development: the newborn (up to 10 days), infant age (under 1 year), early childhood (1-3 years), pre-preschool (3-5 years), preschool (5-7 years) primary school (7-11 years), adolescence (11-15 years), early youth or senior school age (15-18 years). ...

The book titled The Color of Water by James McBride is an autobiographical affair which describes the life and happenings of the author’s mother, Ruth. The book is also a tribute to Ruth’s life and all that she goes through in the course of life. Ruth is presented as a strong woman with great ambition and strength. The book is not only representative of her journey and struggles; it is also her development as a person, a Christian, and a woman during the course of her life. She is the central figure in the novel and her ...

In fact, there are considerable differences in physical activity, emotions, interests, perception between men and women. Numerous scientists have explored and discussed if these differences are conditioned by social factors or biology. To make it clear, some think that it is biology that defines human behavior, tastes, skills etc.; others adhere to the opinion that society is a more influential impact on formation of behavior. In other words, socially created features of men and women are called "gender", "sex" is determined by biology. Unfortunately, nowadays it is possible to see numerous mistakes and discrepancies concerning the use of both ...

There is no universally accepted definition for the term personality among different psychologists. This is why they have developed different unique theories about personality. However, the term personality can be defined as a given pattern with relatively permanent and unique features which provide individuality and consistency to an individual’s life. It is prudent to note that different psychologist have come up with different theories of personality. However, the father of personality theory still remains to be Sigmund Freud. This is because he was the first person to develop the theory of personality and that other psychologists just borrowed from ...

Psychosocial development incorporates the behavioral advancement of an individual from childhood to adulthood. According to Erikson, personality development is based on the attitudes developed by each individual. The concept displayed by Erickson shows that two people in the same age group can present completely different character traits while reacting to similar life situations. Moreover, the manner in which a person carries himself through one stage determines the success of the succeeding stage. Erickson asserts that there is a crisis at the end of every stage as a person transits to the next stage.

In the first stage the baby has a challenge to ...

In the Context of human and personality development, the role of psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic theories cannot be underrated. The psychoanalytic theory seeks to explain the personality of an individual by analyzing the various psychosexual stages involved during their personal development. Central to the theories of psychoanalytic are the efforts of Sigmund Fred who proposed that people mostly operates from three distinct states of being: the id which seeks self-gratification; the superego which seeks to do what is morally right; and the ego, the rational mediator between id and the superego (Fred, 2011). These theories are vital in defining the ...

My fictitious character is Debbie, a manager at a small but budding Law Firm in Texas, in the Movie Jaws of the law. Debbie is in her early thirties, single but hopes to get married soon. She is the manager of Purle Consult, a two year old firm that has seen great extension ever since its inception two years earlier. She heads a team of thirty lawyers that are highly qualified in their various fields of specialty. She is very industrious and just like any other manager, holds onto the notion that respect is earned and never demanded. She accepts as true that ...

What is the Relationship Between Personality and Criminal Justice?

The search for criminal personality has piqued the curiosities and interests of both academics and the general public (Caspi et al., 1994). There has often been an allusion to the relationship between personality and criminal behavior. After all, it is normal, regular people who commit crimes like child molestation, murder, or rape (Bartol & Bartol, 2010). For decades, criminologists have been heatedly arguing about the relevance of personality within the study of criminal justice, despite the fact the personality theories have become enduringly popular (Brown, 2006). This paper will begin by describing what personality is and personality developmental psychology. ...

1.0 Paediatric profile for Toddlerhood (age 1-3 years)

Toddlerhood is a stage between infancy and childhood during which the child learns how to walk, talk, solve problems and relate with other people. Toddlers desire to be independent hence they often explore and assert their independence by saying “no” often. Toddlers are often low on skill and high on self will. For this reason, the stage of toddlerhood is often referred to as “ the terrible twos.” The stage lasts between the ages of one and three with each stage marked by physical, social and emotional development. Theories have been developed by various scholars on the developmental changes ...

Introduction

Development is defined as the act of adaptation while personality development basically refers to the mental, emotional, psychological, temperamental and behavioral growth that one acquires (Schulz and Heckhausen, 1996). Also, personality development can be described as the averagely constant and stable features and characteristics a person bears with time (Alea, Diehl and Bluck, 2004). Personality development usually is an attribute associated with age and experience.

Success can be defined as the achievement or realization of desired goals or objectives hoped for. On the other hand, successful ageing is basically the eminent and prosperous growth in personality, self-concept and values acquired ...

Introduction

Smoking among college students is a modality of interacting, of sharing a specific habit and behavior, which represents desired outcomes for fulfilling the need of belonging. The college students are usually teenagers who need to feel accepted, even admired by their peers (Walton, Cohem, Vwir & Spencer, 2011). Like this, smoking is considered a tool that enhances the social connections by college students and this is a social problem, because it changes their behavior, attitudes, personalities and it affects their health, while they pursue their goal of being accepted by a group. Sociology is the discipline that studies society, describing the fundamental laws that ...

Application of Erikson’s Post-Freudian Theory

Application of Erikson’s Post-Freudian Theory

Introduction

Erik Erikson’s’ views make significant contributions to the field of psychology; this is particularly in the understanding of personality development and related factors. An understanding of his own study of personal development creates an understanding of development of his psychology (Fleming, 2004). Most of Erikson’s psychology work became evident in the post-Freudian era. It was between the 1930s and 1950s; being one of Freud’s students, most of his work exhibit the influence of Freudian views and theories; this was mainly in the field of personality development. However, dissimilar from Freud’ ...

- A brief summary of the Abraham Maslow Personality Theory Abraham Maslow personality theory gives an insightful explanation about why people behave in certain ways. The theory suggests that internal and external factors control people’s behavior and that each of us is motivated by their needs (Maslow, 1943). Abraham Maslow introduced his idea for the first time in 1943 in his book, “A theory of Human Motivation”. He argues that people have an inborn desire to be self-actualized, and this desire is unchanging and genetic in nature. One has to meet a number of basic needs for him/ ...

My road to success has a simple formula; to dream, to plan and then finally execute. I know there’s nothing remarkable about this formula; but this has been my motivating factor leading me from a budding student to a business professional. I always knew I wanted to do business or be a part of a large corporate but I failed to understand how to do it. We all know the importance of theory vs. practical. One can’t understand certain things until you really experience it. Entrepreneurship and business is one such concept. Definitely reading and education courses develop your knowledge and ...

Psychology

Article Being Reviewed Wright, A.G.C., Pincus, A.L., & Lenzenweger, M.F. (2012). Interpersonal development, stability and change in early adulthood. Journal of Personality 80/5, 1340-1372. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2012.00761.x . Retrieved 22 Nov 2014, from EBSCOHost database.

Introduction

The paper aims to research the ‘development of the interpersonal system’ mapped by the ‘interpersonal circumplex’ in early adulthood (ages 18-22). The paper recounts the considerable body of previous research studying the personality changes that occur across the life span of a human being. Researchers have observed that personality traits are highly stable in adulthood, barring exceptions. The mean rate of change in personality traits remains minimal, ...

The universe has never run out of wonderful mysteries, and perhaps one of the greatest mysteries that we will never grow weary of exploring is the mystery of life. In Biology, we learn of the many ways through which life manifests itself in our planet. In Taxonomy, we learn that there are, under different classes and kingdoms, thousands and thousands of names that we use to refer to living things, be it animal, bacteria, protist, or any other life form. This background and context only makes more interesting another one of those mysteries of the universe that we have ...

In psychology, there are different psychological theories that have been proposed, researched and augmented by solid research. They provide the theoretical foundation of psychological phenomena. Psychology is anchored on five paradigms namely biogenic, psychoanalytic, behaviorist, humanist and cognitive. In this paper, the psychoanalytic paradigm is the center of focus. In essence, the paper highlights the life of the offender, Dennis Rader through the lenses of psychoanalytic paradigm. Dennis’s criminal behavior is accounted for by psychoanalytic paradigm. Psychology’s principal goal is to have a clear comprehension of individuals and groups, and the explanation of different phenomena. Psychological principles ...

Introduction

Understanding your child is one of the most important things that one should learn as a parent. It is extremely important in becoming effective in the nurturing of the child while growing up. With time, parents understand that every child has a unique trait that stays with them throughout the life. Study of these traits of the children, right from prenatal development through the adolescence is called child psychology. It deals with not just the physical growth of the children, but also their mental, social and emotional development. Over the recent times, child psychology has developed scientifically to encompass “cognitive development, ...

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Introduction

Throughout the history of Psychology among the most interesting topics for many scholars and social analyst is the process affecting human development. Thus, there are many developmental theories formulated over the years in the pursuit to explain and confound within a logical explanation and analogy the intricacies of this process. Psychologists believe that certain factors and elements within the stages of one’s development are pivotal to providing an understanding human behavior . In fact, if reviewed and analyzed critically, psychologists believe that it can help predict behavior that is especially beneficial if one desires or saw the need ...

Introduction

Different personality theories have been proposed to explain differences in human personality. This paper evaluates Freud’s tripartite (structural) theory of personality. The first section begins with the illumination of the major principles of this theory, and this is followed by an assessment of how this theory addresses differences in gender and culture. In the third section, the theory’s comprehensiveness on how personality develops is explained. Fourthly, this paper assesses how this theory addresses changes in personality over the lifespan. It then concludes with the major points.

A brief summary of the major principles of the theory

In this theory, Feud divides the mind in three agencies: id, ...

Today’s teenagers often disregard and ignore traditional values, beliefs and traditions in favor of the modernized beliefs and values broadcasted by mass media and emerging beliefs. Some of these modernized beliefs and values even contradict and violate existing norms and beliefs, prompting the older generation to see teenagers today as disrespectful and ignorant towards the importance of these traditional beliefs, values and traditions. However, even if there are things that should change to fit the 21st century, there are some things that must remain as it is that teenagers, such as this writer, must understand. For this writer, ...

“Art is necessity-an essential part of our enlightenment process. We cannot, as civilized society, regard ourselves as being enlightened without the arts”: a divine thought by Ken Danby clearly expresses the importance of arts in an individual’s life. Art teaches an individual to express himself. It allows the amalgamation of thoughts with imagination to reveal the actual desire of a being and allows oneto portrayhis/her emotions. It allows one to bring down his each expression on a 12x12 canvas simply with a brush in his hand. However, Academic knowledge imbibed in school has its own importance in a student’s life ...

This research proposal has been written by Name of Student of Class of Student of Name of College

Introduction Development of young children through playing have become a favorite subject of the present age parents frequently participate with their children in playing both indoor and outdoor games. Young children love to play, and playing games is an important part of their lives. Playing include variety of activities like having fun with friends, selecting their own activities and going outdoor for physical exertion. Playing can be funny or serious, exhaustive or relaxing, amusing or solemn, peaceful or deafening. Children play for various reasons. Children explore new things through playing, and, sometimes, they exercise to practice a particular skill. Playing ...

- Describe the basic elements of the nature-nurture controversy (i.e., what is meant specifically by “nature” and “nurture”). The basic elements of the nature-nurture controversy relate to arguments contending that human personality could emerge from genetics/hereditary or the environment. These two sides of the debate produce various interpretations of nature and nurture. Importantly, nature encompasses those innate qualities believed to have been obtained through biological process during intrauterine development. Nurture is perceived from the premise of personality traits being developed from social experience with a person’s environment (Stiles, 2011). Precisely, the elements contained in this controversy embrace ...

This research proposal has been written by Name of Student of Class of Student of Name of College

Young children love to play, and playing games is an important part of their lives. Playing include variety of activities like having fun with friends, selecting their own activities and going outdoor for physical exertion. Playing can be funny or serious, exhaustive or relaxing, amusing or solemn, peaceful or deafening. Children play for various reasons. Children explore new things through playing, and, sometimes, they exercise to practice a particular skill. Playing helps in building strong relationship. Most of the times, children play just for fun and enjoyment. They create situations, play them and learn through different events and gain experience. Children ...

English: Research Paper

Homeschooling is a progressive and enlightened program around the world. In this program, parents opt to educate their children at home and do not send them to traditional schools, public or private. There are reasons with the families for choosing the homeschooling that include the discontent with the learning options offered, diverse religious philosophies or scholastic philosophies, and the very belief that children are not doing well in a traditional school. Homeschooling seems to have a bright future, and it has certain benefits as compared to the traditional schooling. The homeschooling trend began increasing in the 1970s as a result of educational ...

4-May-14

Back Ground; 2 Lietarure Review; 3 Purpose of Study 6 Refined Research question; 6 Finalized data sources; 7 Refined Hypothesis & Variables 7 Operational Definition of Key Variable / Concept; 7 Hypothesis 1; 8 Hypothesis 2 8 Data Analysis Technoque; 8 Activity Chart; 8

References; 10

A study of the impact of parent's occupational engagement on child care and development Back Ground; The presented methodology aims to develop a research-based study on the impact of full time occupational engagements of parents outside the home on the characteristics of their children. An ...

‘Name’

6-May-14 This paper aims, to develop a research-based study on the impact of full time occupational engagements of parents outside the home, on the development of their children. The importance of childhood care cannot be underestimated because of its immense impact on the development an individual. Researchers consider childhood care as the most important aspect for the development of optimistic attitude and constructive skills in an individual . The brain of a young child is almost one quarter of the size of an adult, and the development of brain is restricted to the function of stimulation, resulted from retrieved information ...

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Literature Review 3

Theoretical framework of child development, 4 1. Psycho Analytic theories : 4 2. Ericson’s Psychological theory; 5 3. Cognitive theory: 6 i. Sensory motor stage:. 6 ii. Pre-operational stage: 7 iii. Concrete operational stage: 7 iv. Vygotsky socio-cultural cognitive theory: 7

Parenting styles and their influence Child Care and Development 7

1. Authoritarian; 8 2. Homeisle; 8

Purpose of Study 8

Refined Research question 9 Refined Hypothesis & Variables 9 Variables and Definitions; 10 Measurements 10 Target Population, Sampling Method and Sampling frame; 11 Data Collection & Analysis Technique 12 Instrument for data analysis; 15 Potential ...

Impact of Technology on Kids

‘Instructor’s Name’ ‘Subject’ For some years now, questions have been posed regarding the impact of digital technology on the emotional and cognitive development of young children. More recently, these questions, which so far referred only to preschoolers and older kids, have also extended to infants and toddlers because of the extensive digital exposure they are experiencing. Every new technology introduced in the past decade or so has altered the daily routine of the kids and has sparked both excitement and concern among parents and educators. Babies started watching television long before the year 1997, but ...

Introduction

Ronald Reagan, the 40th United States President, between 1981 to1989, was born in February 6, 1911Tampico, Illinois and died in June 5, 2004. He was born to Nelle Wilson Reagan and Jack Reagan. His father was a storyteller and a salesman, who was an Irish Catholic immigrant grandson, from Tipperary County. His mother was of English and Scots ancestors. Ronald Reagan had one older brother, known as Neil of 1908 to 1996, who was an advertising executive. When Reagan was a boy, his father nicknamed him "Dutch", owing to his appearance similar to "fat little Dutchman" and his "Dutch boy" haircut; this ...

Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson are two most influential psychoanalytic theorists that proposed their theories regarding personality development. Sigmund Freud described personality development based on psychosexual stages, whereas Erik Erikson emphasized personality development based on social influences.

Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud proposed the psychosexual theory focuses on the fact that personality is developed in childhood. It consists of five stages and begins from the age of five. On the basis of these five stages, an individual’s personality is developed. From childhood, a person tends to satisfy his or her sexual urges this is because of libido, which is a psychosexual instinct found ...

Introduction

In thinking about death one is likely to come up with two inescapably true and mutually excluding conclusions: certainty and unknowing (Orbach, 1999, p.9). On the one hand, each of us seems to be convinced that death is inevitable and inescapable, while, on the other hand, nobody of the living is able to confidently predict the time of his/her death and provide a clear vision of what is going to happen to what can be called a soul after the body is dead. Since ages lots of people have been dreaming to invent a way to either escape or at least postpone ...

This paper aims to argue regarding the effectiveness of corporal punishment. Students are considered the future of a nation. They are the milestone of the society; therefore, it is important to give sufficient attention to their needs and problems. Without proper development of children, it is not possible to develop the society (Zolotor pp. 229). The overall development of children and students requires cooperation of both parents and teachers. The proper development of children requires supportive peer environment, effective classroom environment, and an expressive family environment. The school environment has a significant impact on the emotional and personal development of children. ...

Today there are several different theoretical approaches to personality analysis. This paper presents comparison between two of them – humanistic and psychodynamic. This analysis will present the main differences and similarities between the theories and will choose the one of them that is the most effective one. Humanistic approach has two main directions. The first – a clinical one (focused mainly on clinic) is presented in the views of American psychologist Carl Rogers (1902-1987). The founder of the second – motivational trend is American researcher Abraham Maslow (1908-1970). The founder of the psychodynamic approach was Austrian scientist Z. Freud (1856-1939). The ...

Middle Range Nursing Theories

Middle range nursing theories are different from grand nursing theories and nursing practice theories in a way that the latter lies somewhere between the two latter theories in terms of scope and limitations. Middle range nursing theories also act as a bridge between nursing practice and grand nursing theories . In this paper, the middle range nursing theory of parent to child interaction as proposed by Kathryn Barnard will be discussed. The discussion will focus on the background of the theorist and how some significant life experiences affected his work as a nursing theorist; scrutinizing the principles as presented by the author of ...

ABSTRACT

Children often rely on their parents for their cognitive, emotional and psychological developmental processes. Having reared by a parent with schizophrenia exposes a child to a unique environment during their childhood developmental and formative years. To a certain extent, the child exposed to living with a schizophrenic parent can make him vulnerable to different behavioral, emotional and mental challenges that are risk factors in the development of personality and mental disorders. This paper will present the effects on children with a schizophrenic parent and to evaluate the extent of the challenges in their coping ability that may tend to result in disruptive and disturbing behaviors ...

Comparing Z. Freud’s Conceptions and E. Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development <Student’s Name> <University>

Psychosocial development theory is the theory of psychosocial reeks of personality, created by Eric Erickson, in which he describes the eight stages of personality development and focuses on the development of the individual I am. The issue of personality psychosocial development is not only of scientific interest. Psychoanalysis seeks and finds the roots of the problems in the various stages of childhood and adolescence. It turns out that not only all of us from childhood, but our ...

Explain how IQ is computed. List and describe the theories of intelligence. IQ aka intelligence quotient is a score of a multitude of standardized tests done to evaluate intelligence. Back in 1905, a French psychologist named Alfred Binet established the IQ test. The IQ score reflects our analytical and cognitive skills. In IQ calculation, through a group of standardized tests our mental age is determined and then it is divided by our physical age and finally the result is multiplied by 100. For instance, if Tom's physical age is 24 and his IQ test result shows that his mental age is 28, ...

Young People and the Media Choice

Introduction and Thesis Statement Media has become an integrant part of our everyday life, being present in various forms, delivered through various vehicles in any moment we need it, and even when we do not necessarily require its services. It accomplishes a social role, serving as an important information tool, but also as entertainment, interaction and a significant educational tool. Nevertheless, utilized inappropriately, mass media can also have negative effects on society, affecting its users because of an excessive consumption or because of inadequate media programs consumption. Media has the strength to manipulate masses, to control and determine ways of ...

Personality is a distinct characteristic in every human being and gives individuality to them. It differs from individual to individual. Two people coming from similar social settings and having similar upbringing also have two distinct personalities. Personality development in human beings is a complex process and is governed by multiple factors. The three important factors that affect personality development are family, genetics and religion. Family plays an essential role in development of human beings. Effective leadership and interpersonal skills are required by the leader of the family to make it successful and to makes its members happy (Hill, 229). As ...

Psychology:

APA Citation: Carlozzi, N. S. (2010). “Personality and Reaction Time after Sleep Deprivation”. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY, 29(1), 24

Synopsis:

A series of experiments were carried out to determine the relationship between personality development, personality traits and reaction time for individuals due to sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation is a condition whereby an individual is not able to get enough sleep. The condition can be either chronic or acute and can lead to a number of problems. Problems include fatigue, anger, ineptness and depression. This is mainly because lack of enough sleep affects an individual’s cognitive function. In order to investigate the effects ...

The relationship between vocational preference and ordinal position has been extensively researched; some family psychologists, as well as sociologists, believe that birth order plays a role in choosing one’s career, and this has formed the basis of personality development theories (such as the Alderian Vocational Theory), which propose that birth order has a significant influence on vocational behavior. However, some researchers have come up with contradictory results, and this puts to question personality development theories linking birth order to career choice. Nevertheless, one thing is for sure; there is need to carry out further research on the matter. Despite the ...

Nature vs. Nurture

The nature versus nurture debate continues. It centers on the contributions of environmental factors and genetic inheritance to human development. Cognitive psychology and behaviourism advocate that the external environment is more influential in human behaviour, mental illness and personality development. So does the sociological perspective. On the contrary, the biomedical model argues genetic inheritance plays the greatest role in human development. It is the psychoanalytic theory and the humanistic branch of psychology that acknowledges the contribution of both (Barkway, 2009, p. 14). Research carried out across Sweden, Britain and America on 240 octogenarian twins established the heritability of ...

“Lifespan (human) development and its changing roles through Health & Social Care settings, describing the psychological intervention that would be useful in health promotion (lifespan development to death - understanding the health and social care service users)” The development of a human being covers a broader area. It does not begin from birth but it traverses through the time when the mother conceived. Development that starts inside the mother’s womb is equally critical in deciding how the baby would continue to be in the later years of life. Initially, this phase of development was largely believed to be a period of ...

According to Mayer (2007), “personality is a system of parts that is organised, develops, and is expressed in people’s actions”. The ‘system of parts’ would mean components of self that include emotions and motivations. Personality is, thus, a complex whole formed by intersection of various external and internal factors. It is a gradual process of development. While some researches have considered personality as stable and consistent, recent researches suggest that personality develops during a person’s lifetime. The following section discusses some of these recent researches.

Personality Development Studies

Personality development is a complex process. Different researchers have explained this process in different ways. This section ...

Abstract

Management is defined as the effective act of planning, organizing and making decisions in relation to the goals of the organization. The functions of management are diverse and it is up to the management team to make decisions and support the entire staff team in meeting the objectives of the organization. Managers are assigned the task of ensuring that all the operations of the organization are effectively and efficiently executed by the employees within the organization. The failure of organizations can be linked to the ineffectiveness of managers in accomplishing their obligations in relation to the welfare of the ...

Delivering customer service is a very crucial part of every business. A lot of elements have to be considered in order to ensure that all customers are satisfied with service of products that they have paid for. All customers expect to get the best value for their money, in fact they always asked for something they can get in exchange for their hard earned money. Reasonable enough because consumers are the ones that keep the business to grow and when a customer is not satisfied enough with the service they tend to find someone else that can match their expectations. Being ...

Abstract

In the present paper, the personality of John Fitzgerald Kennedy is discussed from the perspective of psychoanalysis. The main emphasis of the psychoanalytical discussion of this prominent personality is placed on his relationship with the father, and the elder brother Joe Jr. and how they have influenced his value system, life path and place in the American history. In other words, the complexity of relationship between those three people is analyzed as main psychoanalytical context for JFK’s life and activity. John Kennedy is analyzed in accordance to the classical Freudian psychoanalytical model. The emphasis is placed on his ...

Abstract

In the present paper, the issue of personality development is discussed from the perspective of psychoanalysis. Since followers of psychoanalysis studied personality in its integrity of inner and outer worlds and dynamics of development, the phenomenon was analyzed from interdisciplinary and systematic perspectives. In order to understand the integrity of psychoanalytic approach to studying of personality development, three major psychoanalytical models of Sigmund Freud, Melanie Klein and Heinz Kohut are outlined. Freud’s concept of personality development is analyzed on the basis of his structural model of personality and stages of psychosexual development. Klein’s approach is based on ...

Personality development

Personality development is the evolution of a logical course of characters and attitudes, which ensures an individual is unique. Personality development takes place through the continuous interaction of character, temperament, and the individual’s surrounding. Character is what makes an individual distinct and identifiable immediately after birth. Different factors have played a crucial role in shaping my personality, and among these factors, we have genes, which determine most of the people’s personalities but no gene specifies the character. However, they only organize the development of the nervous system that in turn molds the personality. The other aspect that has ...