Narcotics Research Papers Samples For Students

Pain Management in Pregnancy

Part I
Introduction: Pain and pregnancy
Pain is an occurrence that almost always occurs at one time or the other during the antepartum, intrapartum or postpartum period during the obstetric sojourn of the woman. Different factors result in the development of pain which is most severe during the intrapartum period. It is important for the woman to be offered modalities of abolishing or reducing the pain to the barest minimum in order to reduce the psychological and emotional trauma that excessive pain might cause the birthing mother.
Moreover, it is important to give the laboring patient ...

Post-operative readmissions occasioned by abdominal pain are a common occurrence for acute cholecystitis patients who have undergone surgery. While these trends have continuously been eminent if healthcare, research studies have not addressed the primary concerns as to how to eliminate or reduce these cases to acceptable levels (White, 2005). Pain management in post-operative care forms the backbone of effective outcomes. Thus, a situation that leads to continued pain during this period is a matter of concern not just to the patient but also to the physician. Apart from leading to further complications, such cases of readmission have associated costs and that place a ...

Illegal drugs are being misused by many people around the globe. Some of this illegal drugs have medicinal value but has addicting characteristics. This is the reason why they are being widely prohibited. In the United States is making a lot of movement to stop the usage and distribution of these substance. The declaration of War on Drugs was more than forty years ago by President Richard Nixon. However, there are many conflicts that weakens the War on Drugs movement of the United States (US). Military, US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), and other US government departments are doing ways to ...

“ARE RIGHT AND WRONG CONVERTIBLE TERMS, DEPENDANT UPON THE POPULAR OPINION”? : A famous quote by William Lloyd Garrison poses a critical question to each one of us. Certain questions carry a lot of dimension to look through and in such cases there are enough supportive reasons to justify the rightness of each dimension. One such question stands whether it is ethically justifiable to use narcotics to speed up the end of life. Right from its inception the question has been a cause celebre and continues to exist as one. Effective pain relief especially at the end of life has always ...

Introduction

This research paper examines the evidence that supports a continuance of the existing federal ban on the recreational use of marijuana. While there seems to be a groundswell of public support for legalization of its use – which many claim is the result of strenuous lobbying by pro-marijuana activists – there remains strong scientific evidence in support of a continuing ban on the grounds of public health and safety, especially among the younger generation who would be most affected and most vulnerable to addiction and other problems if it were legalized, thereby making access that much easier.

The Research

The independent and highly influential International Narcotics Control ...

Abstract

Introduction
In 1989, President Bush presented a speech in a national television that outlined a comprehensive anti-drug program both in domestic and international dimensions . The refined strategy, associated by its objectives has reached the Congress in 1990 that reduced the amount of marijuana, heroin, cocaine, and other drugs that are dangerous to people as estimated by 15 percent in 2 years and by 60 percent in 10 years, respectively that entered in the United States. However, the United States has experienced the fluctuation that concerned how people viewed drugs and its drug policies. The situation of drugs in the social and ...

Introduction

The topic of this paper presents a study from a sociological perspective on how the abuse of opiates affects society. The viewpoint renders its gaze from the application of conflict theory. The progression of this research paper posits its analysis through several stages. Beyond the introduction herein, the conversation moves into a bit of history, and thereafter assesses a reasoning section prior to approaching a conclusion. What is conflict theory and how may it be defined? According to the ‘Sociological Guide’ conflict theory may be defined as a collection of several ‘conflict theories,’ however the prominent one links to the Karl Marx model. The Marxist ...

STRICTER ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION LAWS

There are existing laws in the U.S. that guaranteed augmented struggle to combat illegal immigration including the USA Patriot Act and the Enhanced Border Security and the Visa Entry Reform Act. Aside from these laws, enhanced efforts of the government included reorganization of the federal system and strict implementation of policies by law enforcement agencies to quell illegal immigration within the country. After the 9/11 terrorist attack in 2001, the country created the Department of Homeland Security to broaden security measures that address terrorism. The department is tasked to prevent law offenders, immigrants, smugglers and terrorists to enter the ...

Introduction

The history of marijuana in the twentieth century has been a slow process for its social acceptance. This process of acceptance still continued in twenty-first century. If we look into the history, In the 1936 a movie "Reefer Madness," shows marijuana smokers, they were portrayed as morally depraved fiends. In 1950s, marijuana was considered as a dangerous drug, people assumes that marijuana was a stepping stone towards the use of heroin and more dangerous drugs. In 1979, In a pole by CBS News, New York showed that27 percent of Americans were in favored legalization of marijuana by taxing it. Slowly but consistently, the social ...

There exist numerous classifications of narcotic drugs in criminal law. Despite the ability of narcotics to relieve pain by depressing the central nervous system, all narcotics do not affect the body the same way. There are some narcotics that are accepted for medicinal use, while others are described as illegal drugs and substances. For example, “The U.S Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) divides narcotics into scheduled classifications (one through five) based on the potential for abuse and medical use” (Ray & Dhawan, 2010).

Under the US Controlled Substance Act 1990, narcotic drugs are classified in four Schedules.

The required forensic evidence needed to obtain a conviction in a drug case

There are provisions ...

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Source: Law Office of Shawn M. George
<http://www.smgapc.com/practice-areas/california-three-strikes-law/
Every generation in the United States has seen new tactics designed to continue the oppression of racial minorities, abjuring the rights the Founding Fathers deemed necessary and irrevocable for all people in the nation. Many African Americans were denied their right to participate in the growth of the new nation. Centuries later, the United States is still far from being called a true “egalitarian society.” Racial segregation and bigotry have been evinced in a number of forms; over the years, these forms have changed and evolved but the ...

Abstract

Alcoholics Anonymous provide the perfect model for people with alcohol addiction. Alcoholics Anonymous uses group therapy that has various dynamics such as the twelve steps that help the alcoholics gain discipline of their alcohol consumption. An alcoholic anonymous applies the dynamics of group therapy through meetings where members share their experiences and encourage each other. Critics, however, do not agree with the model that alcoholics’ anonymous use of group therapy and especially the twelve steps. Alcoholics anonymous has helped a majority of alcoholics to become sober and they continue to find better ways to improve their program.

Alcoholics Anonymous vs. the Doctors

Alcoholics Anonymous vs. ...

Police militarization in the United States was ignited by the fight against narcotics and terror alongside laws and streams of funding appurtenant thereto. In particular, the response of the State security machinery towards the September 2011 terrorist attacks further catalyzed and implanted militarization among the police. Homeland security immediately emerged as a key directive by the government causing a change in the level and nature of relationship as between different government agencies. There was a fundamental shift in the way these agencies related to one another as well as towards the public.
Some of the effects of the shift to this ...

Introduction

Narcotics are mainly produced in Bolivia, South America. The coca crop is used in the production of cocaine. In Bolivia, the trade of narcotics has led to the improvement of the economy. The paper discusses about the contributions of narcotics in the economy of Bolivia. In addition, the research paper looks into details on how the cocaine is produced and traded in the international market. According to the Bolivia Coca Survey carried out in 2004, 17% of the land in Bolivia is used for the cultivation of cocaine. The report was released by the Government of Bolivia. Cocaine export ...

I. FACTUAL SUMMARY
Griselda Blanco, a.k.a. “The Cocaine Godmother”, was a woman whose crime reign was unprecedented in American history. She was truly the godmother of the of the cocaine racket in the United States during the 70s and 80s. She practically pioneered the cocaine trade in Miami, and not only that, she even ordered over 200 homicides in California, Colombia, Florida and New York (Matt). For decades, Blanco has also been credited by the media and law enforcement as the pioneer of the motorcycle assassination technique that she imported from Colombia to South Florida. The authorities accuse Blanco ...

Abstract

Undeniably, alcohol abuse in the current society has brought untold sufferings to many families. Worse still, the sufferings are left unmentioned thereby creating the foundations for proliferating the vice. Although many theories have been put forward to explain the relationships between alcohol abuse and domestic violence, no finger can be pointed to a particular factor as being the root cause of the increased cases of domestic violence in New York City. However, increased cases of domestic violence in New York City can be associated to the increasing rates of alcohol consumption. Due to recent financial crisis New Yorkers have turned ...

Drug abuse has become a worldwide issue, where each and every nation is struggling to control and prevent the ever increasing rate of drugs and substance abuse. As of today, the issue has become part of debate in almost all communities and nations in the world, and the question on who should take charge and how these issues should be solved without major effects on the society at large, has also raised more concern.

Drug and substance abuse refers to a maladaptive pattern of frequent use of a certain drug substance, which is not considered dependent (Abadinsky, 2010). While this definition may ...

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The US Constitution allows Congress the power to deploy the ‘militia’ with the objective of “executing the laws of the Union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions.” In addition, it ensures that the states are protected against aggression to overthrow the “republican government” and, upon the request of the state government, against civil disturbances. These constitutional tenets are seen in the 1807 Insurrection Act prior to and after the adoption of 1878 Posse Comitatus Act. The latter bans the deliberate engagement of any component of the Army or the Air Force unless allowed by the ambit of Congress ...

Summary

A number of national policies are discussed and aired daily on mass media platforms and newspapers. The three national policy issues that I found interesting are sourced from these three newspaper articles:-
The Associated Press. (2016, May 14). Reyes banned through May under MLB domestic violence policy. USA Today. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/mlb/2016/05/13/reyes-banned-thru-may-31-under-mlb-domestic-violence-policy/84344426/
Reuters. (2016, June 11). California Governor Signs Bill Letting Undocumented Immigrants Buy Insurance. New York Times [New York]. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2016/06/11/us/11reuters-california-insurance.html?_r=0
Shear, M. D., & Lichtblau, E. (2016, January 4). Obama to Expand Gun Background Checks and Tighten Enforcement. New York Times [New York]. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/05/us/politics/obama-says-he-will-act-on-gun-control-in-coming-days.html

Gun Violence Research Act

This ...

Abstract

This article examines the types of drugs, their effects, and how they influence sex crime. Many people who commit crimes are either under the influence of alcohol or drugs. There seems to be a connection between drugs and offenses such as sexual assault, rape among others. Various drugs have different dangers associated with them. Sedative drugs slow down the way the brain and the body operate, stimulant drugs increase energy and keep people alert while hallucinogenic drugs may lead to very disturbing experiences and expose the user to dangerous behavior. Moreover, individuals who are under the influence of narcotics ...

Abstract

The study has focused on the topic of substance abuse among African American teen residing in Mott Haven area of Bronx United States. The paper has started by giving an overview that entails defining the topic’s key terms. Also, the study has highlighted and discussed the statistics showing the frequency of drug and substance abuse among the African American youngsters. As the report has indicated, the teens fall under the age bracket of 12 to 17 years. The paper has explained the drugs abused most by the youngsters with alcohol taking the lead, followed by marijuana, inhalants as ...

Juvenile waivers involve a situation when a juvenile is transferred to an adult court and hence tried as an adult. This means that the juvenile is tried absent of all the protections offered to juveniles in the juvenile court. This may have very impactful effects on the life of the juvenile. A good example is that juvenile records are not a permanent stain on the juvenile’s life. These records are sealed the moment the juvenile turns 18. However, proceedings and outcomes in an adult court are a more permanent record. Irrespective of the age of the juvenile during the time, their case ...

Abstract

The practice of addiction to drugs and alcohol is commonly found among the youth of today. This drastically affects their future by motivating them to do one crime after another in addition to spreading deadly infectious diseases as well. Since youngsters around the world are more susceptible to drug addiction, nations are threatened with huge loss in human capital and productivity. A person addicted to drugs and alcohol makes life for his family members and others in the society burdensome since they have to face the consequences of his or her deeds in inebriated conditions. There are many signs, ...

Methamphetamine

In his drug education book, Methamphetamine, journalist Hal Marcovitz (2006) called methamphetamine “the ugliest drug there is”. The section immediately below discusses the drug’s history—its progression to ugliness. Subsequent sections describe the preparation and effects of methamphetamine, legal issues, and recovery from methamphetamine addiction.

History

In 1887, a Japanese chemist extracted ephedrine, the precursor to methamphetamine, from the ephedra plant. Ephedrine was soon found useful in treating respiratory illness, especially asthma. About the same time, a German chemist combined ephedrine with other chemicals and produced amphetamine, which was also used to treat nasal and chest congestion. Due to the expense ...

Introduction

Historically, dogs have played critical roles in the life of human beings. Since ancient times, these animals have been man’s best friend in almost all dimensions of his life. In warfare, for example, this unique animals have been used as sentries, scouts, trackers and in some cases war soldiers. Even though there exists substantial variation in the utilization of these dogs throughout history (from sports, hunting, messengers and war), dogs still continue to play significant roles in the life of their masters. Historical data reveals that ancient empires used dogs in their medieval battles. Great empires such as ...

Introduction

Acute cholecystitis mainly occurs from the complications of the gallstones. Usually, it results from blockage of the cystic duct further resulting to the accumulation of bile into the gallbladder. This could often lead to an irritation and swelling. Patients with this complication usually undergo a medical procedure to remove the gallbladder. Post-operative care is always critical as these medical procedures to eliminate the gallbladder usually lead to abdominal pain and frequent re-hospitalization where adherence is poor or the post-operative procedure is not responsive (White, 2005).
Question: Among female Hispanic, age 20 and above, with acute cholecystitis, from surgical floor, ...

Organized Crime in the United States and its impact to the US Criminal Justice System

The United States of America has its fair share of problems when it comes to maintaining national security and stability against international and domestic threats. The federal government has to contend to the threat of various actors wishing to destabilize the country either through fear or terror or through illicit activity that paralyzes the country. One of the most crucial threats the US government faces today are the transnational organized crime groups which endangers the country from within its borders and through the rest of the world. The problem with this threat is the fact most of these organize ...

Abstract

Gang Lifestyle is a lifestyle wrought with fear. It begins at childhood with young minds getting crippled with hatred, from a life of deprivation of necessities of life, love and compassion. Gangs rule by fear and absolution, and life is unpredictable and death is the only way out for them. Following is an article on gang lifestyle and the use of fear as the true way of living.

Introduction

The word “Gang” has a very wide set of meanings. Old English referred to the word “Gang” as any set of people or things that would go together, set off on a journey of similar ...

Over the recent years, the number of patients having physical therapy for pain management has drastically increased. Physical therapy involves physical exercises such as stretching and a range of motion exercises aimed at maintaining flexibility, strength, and mobility. Physical therapy embraces hot and cold therapy to mitigate pain in body parts. Chronic pain among people is one of the major illnesses, which have presented itself people around the world. People have, over the years, been using drugs in mitigating chronic pains. There has been a persistent use of prescribed medicines to manage pain. Improvement in technology and medical skills have significantly ...

Over the recent years, the number of patients having physical therapy for pain management has drastically increased. Physical therapy involves physical exercises such as stretching and a range of motion exercises aimed at maintaining flexibility, strength, and mobility. Physical therapy embraces hot and cold therapy to mitigate pain in body parts. Chronic pain among people is one of the major ailments which have presented itself people around the world. People have, over the years, been using drugs in mitigating chronic pains. There has been a persistent use of prescribed medicines to manage pain. Improvement in technology and medical skills have significantly ...

Country Report: China

- Introduction
Since the time of the early civilizations, China has remained to be permanent actor in the development of practices, traditions, and history throughout the globe. From being traders from the East, the Chinese had been able to keep up with development and be one of the world’s leading actors in politics and economy today. However, while the nation is known for its steady economic development and growing political power, China is also known for its still communist roots and the potential impact it has over its neighboring countries. The international community, especially the United States, ...

History of Computer Forensics

Computer forensic refers to the preservation, identification, extraction, interpretation and documentation of computer evidence (Wiles, Cardwell, and Reyes 2). Such evidence retrieved is usually aimed to be used in a court of law. Electronic crimes increased in the 1970s especially in the financial sector. These crimes resulted because people saw an opportunity of making money by manipulating computer data (Nelson, Phillips, and Steuart 5).
According to Mohay (113), computer forensics was first used in the 1970s by the US military and intelligence agencies. Daniel (14) notes that computer forensics began in 1984. During this year, the FBI created a program ...

The New Heroin Epidemic

According to Gilderman (2012) the United States experienced their largest heroin epidemic from 1967 to 1971; the second largest epidemic lasted from 1976 to 1981 (para. 9). So generally when people hear about a heroin epidemic they immediately think back to the 60s and 70s. There seems to be no recognition that there could be an ongoing epidemic of heroin use right now in the United States. Not only that, the epidemic is global including large areas of sub-Saharan African countries as well as in other locations around the world.

The question considered in this essay is: Does a new heroin ...

Abstract

It goes without say that the fight against terrorism has been taken a notch higher by the US forces. Major works are being done towards the upholding of a strong and reputable tactical response to terrorism by the various agencies and most notably by the New York Police Department. Through the richness of information that the various websites (particularly the agencies’ websites) offer, one is left with more answers than questions and amazement on the beauty of their structure and organization. The fact that these agencies have continually worked in synchrony with each other is highly commendable as it can be emulated ...