Steam Reports Samples For Students

Introduction

The fundamental process of thermal power plants is based on the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy and, subsequently, into electric power, using steam as the working fluid. According to the U.S. Energy Information System, over 67% of the electrical energy in the United States is generated through thermoelectric power plants, which use the combustion of fossil fuels such as natural gas, coal and petroleum to generate the steam necessary for the process; moreover, thermoelectric power generation accounts for an approximate 80% of all the power generation worldwide.
Thus, the electricity consumed in most homes and industries is ...

CS417

Assignment1 Part2
Industrial Revolution Research
Industrial Revolution
Abstract
The Industrial Revolution is famous for developing the industrial advantages that are common today. New inventions helped the textile factories grow and produce cloth. The steam engine was very important for making transportation faster and easier. Ships and railroad locomotives started using steam engines which made a significant change in transporting raw materials and finished products to sell. Building the ships and railroad trains used materials like iron and steel that were important and still are for modern manufacturing of many products. The social impacts from the Industrial ...

Introduction

Geothermal energy refers to natural heat stored underground beneath the earth’s crust. On the ground surface the energy is evident in form of hot and altered ground, hot springs and fumaroles. The energy is tapped by sinking geothermal wells underground. The high temperature and pressure fluid is extracted and through carefully built wells and designed network of pipes and channels the hot steam to the plant turbine to generate electricity. The steam and water are extracted at very high pressure and temperature. The application of geothermal energy has gained popularity globally because of its environmental friendliness. There are ...

A Research Report Submitted by:

CHE 352
Spring Semester, 2016
Chemical Engineering Program
Abstract
In the experiment, many measurements were taken using the heat exchanger to observe the change in heat transfer from steam to water with respect to a change in water flow rate while trying to keep the inlet temperatures of water and steam constant. The flow rate was monitored using Brooks shorate meter and adjusted with valves. The flow rate has been veried from 1 bsm to 15 bsm. Two different control points were choose the measure the temperature of water and steam: the first one in inlet and the second ...

Introduction

The object of the paper is to analyze the above relationship over a range of pressures extending above and below atmospheric pressure.
Data were obtained for the pressure and temperature of a saturated steam-water mixture in equilibrium over a wide range of pressures and temperatures. The “raw” experimental data are given at the end of this document and the apparatus used are described below.

The object of this exercise is to:

a) Use the raw data to produce a table of absolute pressure .v. absolute (thermodynamic) saturation temperature over the whole range of the data provided.
b) Compare this data to equivalent data taken from steam tables.
c) Use ...

Introduction 3

Background on Report 3
Current Technologies
Photovoltaic (PV) Solar Technology 5
Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) 8
Solar Heating and Cooling (SCH) Technology 10
Analysis and Recommendation 11
Conclusion 12
Figures and Tables
Figure 1: Diagram of a P-N junction in a Photovoltaic Cell 6
Figure 2: A Typical Parabolic Through CSP System 9
Figure 3: Wakiki Shore Apartments in Honolulu, Hawaii 11

Used in Contemporary Society

Introduction
The use of fossil fuels results in combustion gases which contribute to global warming. Furthermore, these combustion gases result in air pollution which is detrimental to the ...

Engineering

Abstract
The Brooklyn Bridge is probably underappreciated by most of the people who use it today but it is still an example of great engineering. The chief engineer, Roebling, designed a suspension bridge that was fifty percent longer than any other suspension bridge of the times. His design for weighting of the bridge to keep it stable when there was wind is a very important lesson for today’s suspension bridge designers. The health and safety issues of the height of the bridge and the use of the Caisson boxes have been discussed. The approximately 27 deaths that took place ...

Introduction

The cost of manufacturing ammonia using the Haber process plant constitutes the following components: the cost of energy, raw materials, equipment, labor and sparking substances (catalysts). Energy (gas or electricity) costs are incurred to maintain the temperature of the reaction. The Harber process is operated at very high temperatures, and pressures thus higher costs of energy are incurred. Some of the raw materials consumed in the Haber process such as nitrogen and hydrogen are recovered at the end of the process. The recovered materials are recycled back to the system to reduce the cost of raw materials.
Starting and ...

Figure 1 Schematic parabolic concentrated solar power (Source adopted: Chu, 2011) 5
Figure 2 Systematic mechanism of Dish/Engine System 12
Figure 3 Illustration of section-A of figure-2 12

Recommendation Report: Dish/Engine Type-The Best Concentrated Solar Power Technology

Introduction
The sun has provided the earth and everything in it with immense energy for years, and lots of these energies are left untapped. Even with the unprecedented advancement in technology today, only a little solar power is tapped. The studies reported that the side of the Earth having facing towards the Sun, a square kilometer at the outer edge of the atmosphere gets solar power up to 1,400 ...

Introduction

The purpose of this project is to outline a framework to ensure the sustainability of UK aircraft carrier. It outlines some of the challenges that face the industry. Additionally, it presents a framework which can be used to address these challenges. The project also highlights a measurement regime which can be used to assess the proposed framework. Mainstream media have repetitively documented the impact of seaway transport and their eco-efficiency concerning a sustainable future. By minimizing operation and manufacturing impacts, airbus aims at optimizing their services and product towards an eco-efficient technology to minimize their environmental impact. Throughout the ...

Use of Fossil Fuels for Power Generation and the Need for Renewable Energy

According to Nelson (2011), more than 85% of the world’s energy consumption, which is estimated at 520 exajoules, is generated through the burning of fossil fuels such as petroleum, natural gas and coal (p.19). Electric power generation from non-renewable sources will, unequivocally, result in their exhaustion and creation of a major energy crisis. For this reason, it appears primordial to shift in a greater scale to alternate power generation, such as solar, wind, hydroelectric, etc. Amongst these, Sorensen (2011) explains that though hydroelectric power does represent one of the major forms of power generation, its growth is stagnant ...

Calpine cooperation was founded in 1984 and currently the cooperation is the largest in America. The corporation generates electricity and thermal energy from natural gas and geothermal resources. With a fleet of around 84 power plants, the company generates around 270000 megawatts of electricity and through wholesale operations and retail business; the center serves in over 21 states and Canada. The corporation has taken a lead to ensure a cleaner energy for future use is in place. The focus of the center is to provide its esteemed customers with clean, efficient and reliable electricity and thermal energy. With this ...

The worst nuclear incident on the land of the US happened on March 28, 1979, as it was the famous Three Mile Island accident, which was a nuclear meltdown in one of the two reactors of Three Mile Island in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, US. The incident was also rated a five, in the group “Accidents with wider Consequences” on the International Nuclear Event Scale, which has seven as the maximum rate. The accident itself began with the halting of the secondary systems of non-nuclear group, which resulted with the failure of primary system`s relief valve, which was operated by a pilot. ...

Economic Report about Current Commercial Gasifiers

GE Energy Gasifier
GE Energy Gasifier uses the entrained flow, coal-water slurry feed, refractory lined slag and oxygen blown technology. The manufacturers at GE Energy have two variants, one with a radiant cooler and another full quench gasifier. Their products use a wide variety of fuels like low rank coals, pet coke, bituminous coal and other blends of pet coke. The design of GE Energy Gasifier emphasizes on operational eficiency. This is achieved through optimization of heat recovery and production of carbon monoxide. As espoused earlier, the GE Energy Gasifier predominantly uses the direct quench system. This design is not ...

Introduction:

In a typical hydroelectric power generation system, a dam (water reservoir) is built near water body such as a river to create head (height) that enables water to flow at high pressure via a pipe (penstock) to the turbines that drive the power generators. The fast moving water turns the turbine blades at high velocity, and in turn, the turbine turns the electricity generator’s rotor. The wire coils in the generator’s rotor sweep past the stationary coil (stator) in the generator thus producing electricity. This concept was first demonstrated in 1831 by Michael Faraday, who discovered that ...

Methods of Heat Transfer

Conduction
The first method through which heat is transferred from one object to another is conduction. Conduction occurs in liquids and solids through transfer of kinetic energy present in one particle to the immediate particle(s) in its surrounding. By considering the bonds existing between atoms and molecules in solids as elastic links, the vibration of one particle due to increase energy level caused by heat, the next in its line vibrate too. This process is replicated in adjacent particles thereby allowing transfer of thermal energy from a body with a higher temperature as compared to the one with low ...

Global Warming Phenomenon

The issue of global warming has been a critical problem across the entire world due to the effects associated with this condition. Global warming is caused by the increase in Earth's temperatures due to the effect of greenhouse gases. The greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide emitted from burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas to provide energy are responsible for trapping heat and preventing it from escaping from the Earth’s atmosphere. Human activities like cutting down trees and burning forests for farming activities has been attributed to the emission of greenhouse gases that are ...

Abstract

Montreal is concentrating on making the city appealing to the general public and by extension the entire globe. Considering the possibility of wider and heated sidewalks alongside fewer cars and more trees, Montreal has decided to launch the future of Saint Catherine Street. The street being the most important in the city requires innovation, flexibility and audacity in an effort to offer a description of the dynamic and greener look on the streets. The street is the largest and this means it requires more attention than any other street in the country. There is a dire need for infrastructure ...

Dear Ms. Chatham,

I write to intimate you of my proposed topic for my research work. I am Hamid Rashid Araghi studying Petroleum Engineering and in my [XXX] level of study. My focus of research is on the generation of energy for sustainable development especially against the backdrop of the global climate change and the recent resolution by nations to reduce the global emissions of green house gases which contribute to the depletion of the atmospheric ozone layer. This topic is important as it explores the alternatives to power generation asides the use of fossil fuels, particularly the use of renewable energy ...

Introduction

The purpose of this experimental task was to investigate the possibility of using circular rods of different materials made from different materials and having different diameters as heat fins. Extend surfaces of heat fins allow for additional heating and cooling capacity in a cheap and passive way. The fins are intended for use in cooling a reactor by use of the surrounding air. Models were developed based on several assumptions for the simplification of the derivation of the steady and unsteady state temperature distribution state in a solid rod heated at one of the edges.
The models derived shall ...

LAB#7A

Theory and Operation
1. Black Direct Acting Pressure Relief Valve
This lab is used to analyze the action of various values by disassembling and assembling. This valve is used to describe its action in the hydraulic circuits.

Action of Black Direct Acting Pressure Release Value

The relief valve acts as the fuse or circuit breaker in an electric circuit. An electric circuit blows a fuse unless it overloads. The hydraulic circuits allow the relief value to dump. Protecting the pump from the excess pressure is the main function of a relief valve. The direct acting relief value responds quickly to the pressure tries to go and observe ...

Resource-Based View Analysis

Physical analysis
Husky Energy Inc. is omong one of Canada's biggest incorporated vitality organizations, headquartered in Calgary, Alberta. It is merchandized on an open market on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the images HSE and Hse.pr.a. The Company works in Western and Atlantic Canada, the United States and the Asia Pacific Region, with Upstream and Downstream business sections. Husky Energy is controlled by Hong Kong elite rich person Li Ka-Shing who possesses a larger part imparts of more or less 70% as per Bloomberg and Financial Post information. Husky's establishment is in Heavy Oil and Western Canada, where it ...

Figure 1 Structure of solar cell ("Rethinking energy: Towards," 2014) 4
Figure 2 Internal structure solar cell ("Rethinking energy: Towards," 2014) 5
Figure 3 Working principle of solar modules (Rongqiang) 5
Figure 4 Installation mechanism of photovoltaic cell to generate electricity (Rongqiang). 6
Figure 5 Electricity production by PV cell during 1999-2010 (Rongqiang) 6
Figure 6 Worldwide PV installation in the year 2005 (Rongqiang) 7
Figure 7 Classification PV cells, (http://sovoxglobal.com/cell_classification.html) 7
Figure 8 Internal structure of crystalline silicon cell 8
Figure 9 working phenomena of thin film cell 8

Solar Energy: Role of Photovoltaic Cells

Executive ...

The research article entitled “Determination of volatile compounds in different hop varieties by headspace-trap GC/MS -In comparison with conventional hop essential oil analysis” is authored by Anita Aberl and Mehmet Coelhan of the Research Center for Brewing and Food Quality, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany. This article appeared in the “Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry” of ACS publications in the year 2012 and attempted to compare the efficiency and accuracy of Head Space (HS)-trap method coupled with GC/MS and conventional essential oil analysis method.
Humulus lupulus L., commonly known as hop is responsible for the bitter flavor and ‘hoppy’ ...

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a power generation cycle that converts the available heat energy to mechanical work via turbine that drives the generator to produce electricity. Unlike typical Rankine cycles that use steam as the working fluid, Organic Rankine cycles (ORC) use an organic working fluid for instance, isooctane and isopentane, isobutane amongst others. The boiling points of these organic fluids are less than that of water. Thus, ORC makes it possible to extract power from waste heat in industrial processes. They are also used in most geothermal power plants of low entropy .
A typical Organic Rankine cycle ...

<Student’s name>

Abstract

In recent years, solar energy in Turkey is receiving increasing attention because of the high rate of population growth and modernization of the economy, requiring the use of energy efficient technologies and alternative energy sources. Moreover, Turkey is now highly dependent on external energy supplies about 68 % of energy consumed in the country is imported, and each year the demand for energy will only increase.
1.1 Background
Potential of solar energy in Turkey is very high due to the large number of sunny days per year. Until 2007, Turkey was not adopted any ...

Nosocomial Infections

Nosocomial infections, also known as Hospital-acquired infection, occur when a patient acquires an infection while in a healthcare facility during treatment for other conditions. Such infections include bacterial and fungal infections and become severe in immune-compromised patients. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium difficile and Enterobacteriaceae (carbapenem-resistance), are some of the bacteria that cause nosocomial infection. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates roughly 1.7 million hospital-acquired infections in the United States that lead to 99,000 deaths annually (Bennett, J. V., Jarvis, W. R., & Brachman, P. S., 2007).
In Texas, some of the activities carried out by the state to ...

Module 5 – Continuity Plan for Wisconsin Xcel Energy

Introduction
Xcel Energy is a United States investor-owned electricity and natural gas company with annual revenue of $10.3 billion. It performs regulated operations to provide energy to customers in eight Midwestern and Western states - Colorado, Michigan, Minnesota, New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, Texas, and Wisconsin. Based in Minneapolis, Xcel provides a comprehensive portfolio of energy-related products and services to approximately 3.4 million electricity and 1.9 million natural gas customers through four utility subsidiaries—Public Service Company of Colorado (PSCo), Southwestern Public Service Company (SPS), Northern States Power Company-Minnesota (NSPM), and Northern States Power Company-Wisconsin (NSPW).
Xcel operates ...