Essays on Angina

Objective Data

Physical assessment procedures on the patient can help to identify some findings that can form a vital part of the pain diagnosis and influence treatment regimens. The following are some of the key inspections features that a health practitioner can seek out when assessing the patient according to “Chapter 8. Pain Assessment”;

Posture

The patient’s posture gives an insight into the effects of the pain on the physical aspects of the patient. An upright posture may indicate comfort while a slumped posture might indicate discomfort.

Facial Expression

A smiley face with appropriate facial expressions and proper eye contact would indicate that ...

Heart disease, otherwise known as coronary artery disease, is a name given to a side array of conditions that impact the heart. These disease include arrhythmias, congenital heart defects, and. At times, heart disease has been called cardiovascular disease as if the two refer to the same issue. While they both involved the heart and human body, they are not the same. Heart disease refers to the aforementioned issues, among others, while cardiovascular disease refers to blocked, clogged, or narrowing blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease can often lead to an angina, a heart attack, general chest pain, or even a ...

Q1: Prioritizing patient care will help to complete nurse’s shift duties without any adverse patient complication. Prioritizing will help to plan out the day and in managing the cases in the most effective way (Alfaro-LeFevre 2014). The best path to plan care for the patient with different medical and surgical priorities is to set timed objectives and meet the discharge goals based on the urgency of the medical or surgical condition. The handover from the staff of the previous shift provided the information for 4 patients, of which Lucy’s condition is more of an emergency that will ...

{Author Name [first-name middle-name-initials last-name]} {Institution Affiliation [name of Author’s institute]}

Health History and Physical Examination

A 50 years old American Male comes to the hospital with angina-like symptoms. Subjective Data Demographic data: There exists a risk of cardiovascular ailments or malfunctioning. The patient is an IT professional with long sitting schedules.

Reason for care: The patient was admitted to the emergency ward due to the severity of the pain 6 days back.

Present illness: Currently facing chest congestion with breath shortness and exertion, with heavy perspiration, recommended cardiac catheterization. Perception of health: Patient is an educated, independent and sincere individual who thinks that he is healthy and with several precautions he will overcome the current situation. He is little worried about his excessive ...

The cardiovascular system consists of blood, the heart, and the circulatory system, which includes veins, arteries, and capillaries. The function of these organs is to transport oxygen from the lungs to cells throughout the body. Each organ system in the body is essential in providing homeostasis in the human body. However, the actions of the cardiovascular system are critical to human life. Many physicians, scientists, and other professionals dedicate their life to the understanding of the cardiovascular system and its diseases so that people can live longer and more productive lives. This paper will discuss the general anatomy of ...

Abstract

The literature defines hypertension as a medical condition experienced when the systolic blood pressure (BP) is equal or greater than 140 mm Hg or when the diastolic blood pressure is equal or greater than 90 mm Hg. Additionally, it offers a description of systematic, cellular, as well as molecular causes of hypertension. High blood pressure within the arteries is referred to as systemic hypertension (SH). The primary role of the systemic arteries is the transportation of oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissues of the body. The constriction of the arterioles (small arteries) is responsible for the high ...

Cardiovascular diseases are the illnesses of heart and blood vessels (arteries and veins) (World Health Organization). In fact, there are many different diseases of the cardiovascular system, but I would like to highlight the most common.

Arrhythmia

Arrhythmia is a condition in which the frequency, rhythm and sequence of heart contractions are violated. The symptoms occur because of various congenital anomalies, acquired diseases of the cardiovascular system, as well as under the influence of vegetative, hormonal or electrolyte disturbances and as a result of the adverse drug action. Violated heartbeat, weakness and fainting are frequent companions of arrhythmia. The diagnosis ...

Coronary heart disease is a heart condition that results from the blockage of the coronary artery that supplies the heart with oxygen and other nutrients for nourishment. The blockage of the coronary artery is caused by a plaque that forms along the artery. Coronary heart disease starts to develop when cholesterol is deposited on the walls of the coronary artery and forms a plaque. With time, more cholesterol is deposited and the plaque grows bigger. Consequently, the artery gets inflamed and the risk of the formation of blood clot increases. The plaque may also release chemicals that promote the ...

ICU Observation Evidence-based Practice

ICU Observation Evidence-based Practice

Introduction of the Patient

The patient goes by the name T.P. A 72-year-old male who’s a retired truck driver. He’s immediate family includes his wife, daughter, and grandson (10 years old who is autistic and has turrets syndrome). He is currently diagnosed with myocardial infarction and altered mental state. The past medical history of this patient shows that he has suffered a lot of diseases including hypertension, diabetes mellitus Type 2, congested heart failure, peripheral neuropathy, CKD-3, CAD, dementia, chronic kidney disease and GERD.

The primary medical diagnosis is myocardial infarction which refers to regional myocardial necrosis ...

PHYSICAL EXAM:

You will be expected to write up your response as follows: List of Differential Diagnoses [rank ordered] A. Congestive Heart Failure B. Angina C. Hypercholesterolemia D. Myocardial Infarction

E. Diabetes Mellitus

F. with Grade II diastolic heart failure.

G. Hypertriglyceridemia

H. GERD I.

J. Hypertension

Leading hypothesis : Congestive Heart Failure Active Alternative hypotheses Must not miss diagnoses [critical rule outs] Congestive Heart Failure Angina Hypertriglyceridemia Hypercholesterolemia Most common diagnoses [reasonable alternatives] GERD Hypertension Diabetes Mellitus Presumptive Diagnosis [assumption] Congestive Heart Failure

Treatment Plan

Non-pharmacologic / lifestyle interventions (provide rationale) • Modify Diet. - Advance to a low-sodium, low-cholesterol, low-fat, solid diet as tolerated R: to minimize metabolic demands ...

(Author, Department, University,

Corresponding Address and email)

Abstract Smoking is one of the most hated habits of the present generation. It affects almost every part of the body. Over 16 million people in the U.S. are living with some smoking-related disorder. Among the most important problems arising from smoking, include cardiac problems. Smoking is not only related to myocardial infarction, but smoking behavior could increase the chances of a second myocardial infarction, and these chances increase with increased smoking. Moreover, the number of deaths of people, who stopped smoking after CABG, within 20 years, was less as compared to persistent smokers, i.e. 46% ...

(Author, Department, University,

Corresponding Address and email)

Abstract Smoking is one of the most hated habits of the present generation. It affects almost every part of the body. Over 16 million people in the U.S. are living with some smoking-related disorder. Among the most important problems arising from smoking, include cardiac problems. Smoking is not only related to myocardial infarction, but smoking behavior could increase the chances of a second myocardial infarction, and these chances increase with increased smoking. Moreover, the number of deaths of people, who stopped smoking after CABG, within 20 years, was less as compared to persistent smokers, i.e. 46% ...

LITERATURE REVIEW: Determinants of health

In this paper there will be the analysis of cardiovascular disease and how it occurs in the UAE. This paper will be tasked with describing its nature, prevalence and importance as a public health issue; describe the individual factors that lead to this health issue (biology/behavior); a description of the determinants as the disease occurs in the society; prevention of the disease; how the society is working on limiting occurrences and also treating the disease as the cases occur. This literature review will look into this case in the United Arab Emirates, working with the statistics and what is ...

[Institution Title] Clinical Case: Patient W.R.

The priorities of care

The first priority in relation to provision of care in the case of patient W.R is relieving him of the discomfort brought about by perceived unrelieved indigestion. The second priority is to address the elevated blood pressure of the patient. Finally, the third concern would be to transfer W.R to the Regional Medical Center so that he could be subjected to cardiac catheterization and given proper medical attention.

The Admission VS

For a man his age, the vital signs of W.R., in particular of his blood pressure recorded at 200/124 is not normal. The blood pressure ...

{Author Name [first-name middle-name-initials last-name]} {Institution Affiliation [name of Author’s institute]}

Care Plan Template

Patient Initials: XYZ Age: 52 Sex: Male Subjective Data: HPI: Stent placement with four days hospitalization. The patient was also showing angina symptoms thus admitted to emergency. He was feeling severe chest pain for four hours along with shortness of breath with exertion and diaphoretic. The symptoms existed for four days and on being a severe condition he needed intense care and visited to the hospital. The symptoms were six months old and after some rest it used to be normal. He received urgent care in emergency ...

Disease management constitutes an important area in the clinical research where drugs possess a significant position. The effect of drugs on various organ systems has been the area of much research interest which gradually made feasible the development of several classes of drugs. Drugs may have dual role of promoting and inhibiting the vital biochemical and molecular pathways that play influential role in the disease outcome.

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are considered as anticongestive heart failure and antihypertensive agents. They have gained wide spread physician and patient satisfaction. The ACE inhibitors prevent the ...

Elderly depression stems from a variety of causes. Elderly men encompass the highest suicide rate in the United States. The condition affects 6.5 million out of 35 millions Americans aged 65 years old and above.

Some of the identified causes of depression among the elderly are; - Memory problems - Social withdrawal - Confusion - Demanding behavior - Lack of active movements

Depressive disorders are described in the Diagnostics and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) that caused by general medical condition. Variants of geriatric-spectrum of depression were introduced to reflect differentiate depletion syndrome ...

VENOUS STASIS ULCER

Venous stasis ulcers commonly occur in the legs due to venous insufficiency or poor venous blood drainage. Veins of the legs have valves in then which ensures a proper unidirectional flow of blood towards heart. In venous stasis, these valves are damaged, thus the venous blood accumulates in the legs instead of being pumped upwards. A prolonged pooling of blood in the leg leads to increased pressure in the affected area thus causing a break in the skin and causing ulcers. The causes for venous stasis could be smoking, occupations requiring prolonged hours of standing, obesity or deep vein thrombosis.

Clinical ...

Answers

- The differences between the cardiovascular diseases and the coronary heart diseases

The major differences between these two types of diseases relates to the vascular components of the cardiovascular system. This simply means that the cardiovascular diseases do not only involve the heart alone but also involves all the heart linked vessels. i.e all arteries, veins and lymphatics found to be associated with the heart and blood passes to and from the heart. However, the coronary heart diseases only relate to the vessels that are within the heart itself and supply the heart itself and also the muscles of ...

Discussion Questions on Clinical Nursing

1. The cephalosporins are a family of bactericidal antibiotics structurally related to penicillin which were first derived from the fungus, Cephalosporum acremonium. 

Cephalosporins are the most frequently prescribed class for antibiotics (eMedexpert, 2011). This class’ mode of action is similar to other beta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins and cephamycins. Every form of bacteria cell has a certain cell wall for protection. Cephalosporins disrupt the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls, which makes the bacteria cell walls break down and the bacteria eventually die (eMedexpert, 2011). One intravenous (IV) drug under this class is cefazolin. For adults, dosage for ...

Medicine

(Department)

What is the impact of smoking on chest?

Smoking seriously deteriorates the respiratory and cardiovascular functions of the body, and it is continuously increasing in young people. Problems in respiratory function can be checked through the measurement of chest expansion, respiratory muscle strength, and lung volume. Studies have shown that smoking decreases pulmonary function, and can result in airway obstruction as well as small airway disease in adult people. Smoking can also result in resistance to airflow, irritation of the airway, and cough. Researchers have reported that chest wall expansion is greatly affected in smokers. Smokers have lowered chest circumference as compared to non-smokers at the ...

Health Care

Health Care Expenditures Attributable to Smoking In the United States alone, there are about 440,000 individuals who die annually of smoking related diseases (Pubmed). According to the U.S Department of Health and Human Services, recent studies linked cigarette smoking to a numerous other diseases to include abdominal aortic aneurysm, acute myeloid leukemia, cataract, cervical cancer, kidney cancer, pancreatic cancer, pneumonia, periodontitis, and stomach cancer. “These are in addition to diseases previously known to be caused by smoking, including bladder, esophageal, laryngeal, lung, oral, and throat cancers, chronic lung diseases, coronary heat and cardiovascular diseases, as well as reproductive ...

Introduction

The human cardiovascular system includes the heart and the blood vessels. The heart is a hollow, four chambered organ. Internally, it is divided into the upper and the lower chamber called the atrium and the ventricle respectively. The blood vessels include arteries, arterioles, capillaries and veins. The arteries carry the blood away from the heart. Arterioles regulate the blood flow to a particular region of the body. Capillaries allow the diffusion of oxygen and nutrients from the blood to the tissues. Veins function in supplying blood from the periphery back to the heart. When blood exerts a hydrostatic pressure against the walls ...

Introduction

Angina refers to pain or tightness experienced in the chest area (Jevon, 2012). Angina is divided into stable and unstable angina. Stable angina takes place on exertion and occurs when the heart muscle demand for blood is more than the supply. On the other hand, unstable angina may occur in variety of clinical situations. This may include patients having coronary artery disease. Patients having unstable angina usually undergo diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that are used on other coronary artery diseases patients (Braunwald, 1997). Unstable angina emanates from the increase in myocardial oxygen demand or in a reduction in myocardial ...

Cadburyoma: A chocoholoma syndrome

Maria suffers from a rare syndrome termed Cadburyoma. It is a disease caused by consumtion of cadburo disease. It initially affects the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system of the body. Further on when the disease reaches its peak level, neuronal problems arise. Cadburyoma is seen in both males and females and is more prevalent in urban lifestyle.

History

It was first coined by a Lyndon F, a scientist working in the Ohio state university. He observed that patients with Cadburyoma had various cardiovascular problems. He noticed that these patients suffered from varied ailments in the cardiovascular system which included: arrhythmia, angina pectoris, hematoma, valvulitis and ...

Abstract

On the differential diagnosis of the presented medical history, several medical conditions relating to the cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory, muscle and bone systems can be linked with those medical signs and symptoms. Exploring the several causes of the chest pain, all the above systems listed are likely to be a cause. However, the history of hypertension eliminates those that are related to the digestive, muscular and bony etiologies. Further reviewing the role of high cholesterol, palor and increased sweating, a conclusion of heart attack or condition is made. Further investigations might need to be conducted to make the definitive diagnosis. Once this ...

After decades of uncontrolled hypertension, Ms. Griffin was diagnosed with left-sided heart failure. Although her heart failure was diagnosed eight years ago, she is currently in nursing care and cannot move from the bed or wheelchair because angina and dyspnea episodes often occur even during periods of rest. Over the past 2 years, she has been losing weight and is currently at 93 pounds, which is a 58 percent reduction compared to her previous weight of 160 pounds, so a percutaneous esophageal gastronomy (PEG) tube was inserted in her. According to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification system, ...

Ms. Griffin was diagnosed with left-sided heart failure 8 years ago related to decades of uncontrolled hypertension. She is in skilled nursing care on oxygen by nasal cannula 24 hours a day. Ms. Griffin remains in bed or in a wheelchair because she has episodes of angina and dyspnea even at rest. Her weight has dropped from 160 pounds to 93 pounds over the past 2 years. Recently she had a “PEG” (percutaneous esophageal gastrostomy) feeding tube inserted. 1. Explain Ms. Griffin’s classification of heart failure according to the New York Heart Association Functional Classification. Ms. Griffin’s classification ...

Introduction

In this paper, the pathopyiology of syncope is discussed with emphasis on Mr. Peter’s medical history and factors that could have contributed to his syncope. Further, the paper discusses the colonoscopy and its findings, his right hemi colectomy and the complications arising from his fall.

Pathopysiology of Syncope

Syncope is the transient loss of memory that occurs when cerebral blood flow falls to below half the normal value resulting in a brief period of inadequate oxygen, glucose and other nutrients supply to the brain tissues (Hainsworth, 2004). Syncope occurs rapidly, lasts for a short duration and the patient almost always recovers spontaneously. Syncope ...

Abstract

Malta is situated in the central Mediterranean region. Mediterranean region is known to follow the Mediterranean diet; therefore, the incidence of heart diseases is low. Inspite of that, the rate of coronary artery disease (CAD) is very high in Malta. The latest WHO report shows 27.45% of all deaths in Malta due to CAD alone. Maltese have been following a sedentary lifestyle particularly due to lack of breathing space and urbanisation (dependency on motor vehicles and sitting in front of computers for long). Though standardized mortality rate is decreasing in Malta, it is higher than the rate of old EU ...

Despite the fact that dentists are primarily concerned with the areas around, and in the mouth, the mouth is a part of the body. The medication that a patient has and any other health problems can, and usually are interrelated to the dentistry care that they may be provided. Cosmetic dentistry serves little functional value to the patient, which is why it must only be carried through if it does not cause, or exacerbate the patient’s health problems (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2004). Accurate recording and evaluation of the patient’s medical history is important in determining ...

Literature Review

Physicians always encounter innumerable number of patients with chest pains every day. The cause of these chest pains cannot always be pinpointed to a single health factor. However, veritably a good percentage of these chest pain cases are traced to a wide range of heart diseases. Acute Coronary Syndrome is one such heart disease that has been found to be a possible causation of the chest pains that are incessantly encountered by physicians. Commonly abbreviated as ACS, Acute Coronary Syndrome results in the blockage of some parts or the heart’s entire coronary arteries.

Definition

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a cardiac condition with an ...

1. Prior to administering GTN to Leonard, what are the relevant considerations regarding the following;

- The dose and frequency of administration you would use?

The normal dose for GTN is 300-600 micrograms; I would use about 500 micrograms of GTN on Leonard, as he describes his pain as severe and his history may indicate he has built up a tolerance, requiring a slightly stronger dose. A normal dose for Leonard would be 1 or 2 sprays, with regular sprays at intervals to ensure that his condition remains stable (Hughes and van Tienen, 2010).

- The patient’s vital signs and ...

Amlodipine drug profile

1. Begin your drug profile the chemical name, generic name, and the Australian trade names for your chosen drug. Amlodipine is drug that is used as blocking agent for calcium in the body. Amlodipine chemical name is 3-enthyl 5-mehtyl 2-(2-aminoethyxomythyl)-4-(2-chlorophynel)-1, 4-dihydro-6- methylperidine-3, 5-dicarboxylate monobenzenesulfonate (Alan Xu & Maiden, 2011.Pg. 34.). The generic name of Amlodipine drug is atorvastatin or amlodipine (Opler, Barnes &Noble books, 2005). Amlodipine’s Australian trade names are Norvasc and Perivasc (Upfal, 2008.Pg. 524.).

A) List the approved indication for your drug

Lehne (2004.Pg. 25.) states that Amlodipine is approved ...