Essays on Rainforest

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INTRODUCTION

The following discussion is a literature review on five sources each for sustainability monitoring systems and effective indicators.

Sources for Characteristics of Good Monitoring Systems

“Monitoring Systems for Sustainability. What are they measuring?” This is a doctoral thesis from an Australian university that examines the sustainability reporting and monitoring systems by governments, private corporations and global non-governmental organizations. Australian frameworks are compared to those of international models. Sustainability indicators in the Australian context are discussed extensively. Two case studies from the private sector are presented. (Davidson, 2008) Using the case study of the Australian Gas Light Company, shortcomings in current sustainability reporting practices ...

An ecosystem shapes the kind of species of animals and plants that lives within it in some ways. For instance, a Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem is one perfect example of an ecosystem inhabited by various kinds of animals and plants (Ewers et al., 2015). In particular, the tropical rainforest ecosystem is in the tropical regions of the globe mostly associated with warm and at times hot climate. Animals that are adaptive to this climate and as well as adaptive plants and vegetation characterize the ecosystem (Gagic et al., 2015). The tropical rainforest ecosystem has influenced the environment in some ways. ...

Tropical Rain Forests

They are located near wet tropical lowlands and uplands nearby the equator. A good example is the Amazon River rainforest found in Peru. The structure of the tropical rain forest can be described as full of ferns and shrubs and other plants that require less light. Tall trees forming canopies are common and hence the floor of the forest is dark and damp. It has many layers of decomposing animals and leaves. The biotic components include bamboo and rubber trees, lemurs, poison dart frogs, and anteaters. On the other hand, abiotic components comprise of water, light, rocks, and soil.

Function of the tropical rainforest

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1. DNA in forensic science: DNA contains the genetic code of a person. The genetic information stored in the DNA, is coded in the form of nucleotide sequence. The nucleotide sequence is formed by four fundamental nucleotides: A, T, G, C nucleotide, that formed a polymer in a set order. A typical human DNA, has 3 billion nucleotide bases. The DNA sequence is 99.8% identical in all human beings and is only 0.2% dissimilar. This dissimilarity is the basis for identification of the suspects in forensic medicine. No two human beings can have a DNA that is 100% identical. ...

Abstract

Environmental pollution is among the hotly debated topics in the field of environmental studies. Contamination of this kind ranges from that of water, soil, and air. Industrialization and large organizations have been reported to be the primary sources of pollution across the world. Chevron, a leading multinational energy corporation, has in the recent past been accused and charged for heavy soil and water contamination through oil spills. Such environmental pollution has substantial consequences on the human health, safety, and well being. Van Duzer et al. (2015) assert that one of the most affected nations through the company’s activities ...

The correlation between climate and vegetation is evident in Africa, where, despite the rapid destruction of natural vegetation by humans and animals, there are still vast areas of natural vegetation. There are two main zones in Sub-Saharan Africa.

AREAS OF EQUATORIAL FOREST

The rainforests cover just under 1000 km in latitude and approximately 2250 km from west to east, from the Cameroon coast and Gabon to the eastern borders of Congo - Kinshasa (to the mountains flanking the Rift Valley to the Ruwenzori, the Virunga Mountains and Ugoma (northwest of Lake Tanganyika). The equatorial forest has a wide variety of trees (very high ...

The Amazon rain forest is a region of 5.5 million km2 located in South America with a multinational condition. Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, French Guyana, Guyana, and Surinam have Amazon rain forest territory. Brazil and Peru are the most important stakeholders of the Amazon rain forest. The Amazon rain forest has in its territory the longest river of the world, the Amazon River, which has more than ten affluent rivers in the north and south of the river. The Amazon River is considered the most important oxygen generator of the world contributing to the CO2 and O2 equilibrium ...

Almost all people at least once in his/her life went abroad to see the way people live there and how they differs from others. That is the ethnicity that distinguishes those differences (Jafari, 2013). There are many forms of tourism: cultural tourism, religious, health, educational tourism. Despite this classification tourism, in general, is a form of ethnic relations, culture and identity in the world today. Ethnicity is a social process of group identification that depends on active self-definition by members and large social forces that structure interactions between different groups (Jafari, 2013). Very often when people use words “ethnicity” ...

- Primate brains follow predictable developmental pattern This Monash University research, originally published in the Journal of Neuroscience by Tristan Chaplin et al., is said to be a breakthrough in the understanding of the evolution of primate brains across all sizes of primate species. In an anatomical context, the research discusses how the disproportionate enlargement of the areas of the human brain necessary for advanced levels of the cognition can be identified as consistent across all sizes of primate species. The researchers found through the use of computer modelling and MRI imaging that those two brain regions – “the lateral ...

Palm oil trees originated in West Africa and were brought into South East Asia in the twentieth century . Around 250, 000 tonnes of palm oil were then exported annually from South East Asia and the number has now increased to 60,000,000 tonnes. At the very beginning, palm oil was used in candles and as a lubricant for machinery. After the discovery of hydrogenation process in Europe, the demand for palm oil increased and after the World War II, it was utilized in many western food products. Palm oil is the most commonly used oil in the world. It ...

(Instructor Name) 2.0 Background Peru is located in the northern part of South America, on the West Coast. It lies between the Equator and the Tropic of Capricorn, and has a largely equatorial and temperate climate combined with desert regions1 (Bradt and Jarvis, 2002). The country is surrounded by Ecuador and Colombia in the North, Brazil and Bolivia in the East, and Chile in the South on the landward sides, while the Pacific Ocean takes up the Western border of the country. The country is divided into three main geographical regions, the Amazon Rainforest in the interior, the ...

Environmental movement of Australian started in the nineteenth century. This movement is also one of the earliest environmental movements of the world. Australian environmental movement was started by Europeans who were settled in Australia. European settlers had high regard for the environment and they used to care for natural sanctity. The movement started with the love of European settlers for the nature and it converted into awareness to maintain the unique biodiversity in its natural form. Their awareness took shape of an environment movement. This paper intends to discuss the environmental movement of Australia along with looking into history ...

Abstract

The Great American Interchange lasted for about two million years between North America and South America. The objective of the essay is to look at the symmetrical results of the great American interchange in the beginning and how the interchange became asymmetrical after time progressed. The unbalanced nature of the interchange offers a model to explain the asymmetrical results of the land-mammal interchange between the two Americas. Both Geological and biological data are looked into the get insights the past and present distributions of fauna.

Introduction

The Great American Interchange is a crucial paleo zoogeographic event that occurred between North America and ...

Introduction

The Amazon region is globally known for its rainforest, river and the flesh-eating piranhas. The forest is mainly occupied by deeply isolated inhabitants who have remained an enigma (Downey p. 229). The main occupational activity of men in this region is hunting and gathering using poisoned bows and arrows made from the materials from the forest. As men carry out hunting and gathering, women prepare food and make baskets and pottery, and these materials are decorated with leopard sports and other images from the nature (Downey p. 231). This paper aims to create a fascinating quest towards the cultural structure ...

Speech about Omaha City in Nebraska, USA

Specific Purpose: After my speech, the audience will know how to make a trip to Omaha City in Nebraska more interesting.

Intended Audience: Introduction - Attention Getting Device: "All journeys have secret destinations of which the traveller is unaware, (Hobo Traveler)" even in the City of Omaha in the State of Nebraska. Most people come to Omaha for its many sports events to experience the rush, the excitement, and energy of cheering and jeering fans in one of its large stadiums. Nevertheless, not everyone would stay longer to go around and get a feel of the city, which boasts ...

Introduction

The human population has been increasing its number throughout the years. On the other hand, the issue on the extinction of different endangered species of plants and animals has been contributing factors in the problem of sustainability. How does survival affect the ecological system as a whole? Biodiversity connects all life forms on Earth. It consists different levels of the organization such as ecosystems, species, and genetic components. It has a complex variety of species and ecosystems on Earth along with the ecological systems which they are part of. Furthermore, it sustains the human well-being through the different ecosystem services. ...

All the three major categories of organisms viz. Producers, consumers and decomposers are abundantly present in a tropical forest ecosystem. Primary producers are the autotrophs that can capture the light energy and manufacture their own food. The major producer plants in a tropical forest are ferns, bananas, vines, epiphytes and grasses. Consumers are the heterotrophs that cannot synthesize their own food and are dependent on other organisms. They are further classified into primary, secondary and tertiary consumers. The primary consumers include herbivore animals, birds and insects including macay, parrot, sloth, bats, etc. These organisms directly feed on green plants (producers). Primary ...

"The Effectiveness of McDonald’s Global Strategy" What is McDonald business level system? In the previous years, McDonalds has developed a considerable measure and internationally thus is the opposition. Because of the vicinity of different contenders and substitute items in the business sector, the development open doors have fallen or have arrived at an immersion level in a few markets. Being an old and a solid player, McDonalds revels in a high piece of the overall industry. At the same time to survive and contend in these business sectors McDonald sees the need to quicken its business development to turn into a star once ...

Oil and Gas Exploration in the Ecuadorian Amazon Forest

Town/City Abstract There is a projected 3.8 million cubic meters of oil connected pollution in the Ecuadorian Amazon forest .From 1964 to 1992 Texaco, currently owned by Chevron, extracted oil from reservoirs beneath the Amazon rainforest in Ecuador and not carefully discarded the drilling solids as well as liquids connected to oil extraction in pitfall through the forest. Furthermore, Texaco’s processing plants pumped the wastewater into the local water systems. The slapdash dumping of about 18 billion gallons of wastewater as well as 17 million gallons of waste oil has yet to be correctly assessed and hundreds ...

The episode portrayed a great story touching on environmental issues. It depicted varied points of view that reflects real time situation in issues relating to environmental management and protection. There are various themes portrayed in Schmain forest South Park. Environmental protection or conservation of “mother” nature is presented by the role Miss Stevens plays. She is so passionate about the environment and nature that she wants to teach everybody including the natives Costa Ricans the wonder and joy that she derives from the rain forest. This subject matter is presented also by her courage and role in leading the choir ...

The Amazon rainforest is the world’s largest rainforest that covers more than a billion acres enclosing the regions of Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Labeled as the “Lungs of our Planet”, it provides essential oxygen by recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen thereby regulating the temperature of our environment. Its watershed and river system which is the largest in the world provides one-fifth of the world’s fresh water particularly Brazil’s inland agriculture. The Amazon rainforest has the most distinctive ecosystem that provides habitat for millions of species of plants, animals and insects giving them support and nourishment. ...

The Bonobos are rare species of monkeys that are only found in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Their total population is estimated to be 10,000. Their specific habitat are; between the Congo and the Lomami rivers, between the Kasai and Sankuru rivers, and the Lake Tumba region. These areas represent the Congo basin, a region that is known to be the second largest rainforest globally. Their habitat can be approximated to be an area of 500000 square Kilometers. The Bonobos monkeys are relatively similar to human kind. They share more than 98% of the humans DNA. More ...

Introduction

"Feral pigs are one of the most destructive animals in the state; they continue to be a serious threat to our native bird habitats and our native rainforest. Feral pigs are a major factor in rainforest degradation."These are the words of George Masesengale a member of the Audubon Society in Hawaii, on the impact of feral pigs on rangelands, which was published on 25th March 2008 on the honoluluadvertiser.com (http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2008/Mar/25/ln/hawaii803250318.html). According to this post, law makers and environmentalists were calling on the Hawaii state government to explore tactics that would aid in the control of the feral pig population in ...

Introduction

For more than thirty years, Chevron Company has been making profits from the oil production but people of Ecuador have been suffering from the effects of this company. The company has been drilling oil in Ecuadorian Amazon between 1964 to 1990. In 2001, Chevron merged with Texaco in which they dumped a lot of toxic waste which was hazardous to the environment without considering the wellbeing of the people living around. The practices that the company was not friendly to the environment and above all they were again the laws of the land. This company subjected the environment to a lot ...

In a world of the future, a regular walk will look like a swimming in the pool and the entire world will be drowned. This Atlántida – like image, which seems to be the representation extracted from a Jules Verne book, aims to create awareness among people upon their responsibility of maintaining the earth and the environment healthy. The ad is a social responsibility campaign, which blends text, image and colors for transmitting a message, a call for action. The as is directed towards everybody, because everybody can contribute to a healthy world and environment. The text of the ad is formed of two sentences: “Don’ ...

Crude, a documentary directed by Joe Berlinger, focuses on a law-suit in which the plaintiffs are Ecuadorians living in the Amazon rainforest. Crude highlights how communities living around Amazon suffer the consequences of oil extraction close to their households. The local communities have to endure a lot: from polluted water to cultural debasement and diseases such as cancer. The multinational company involved (Texaco/Chevron) has no respect for the people and their customs. The beautiful land is turned into a toxic wasteland where nothing can grow; the communities living around Amazon face extinction, along with flora and fauna. Analysis of the documentary “Crude” reveals ...

Dissertation Methodology

RESEARCH STRATEGY

This study was created to 'evaluate the severity of the effects from natural gas flares in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. It will utilize both a Quantitative Research model to evaluate the amounts of gas flared, the volume of contaminants released into the environment and the potential value of natural gas wasted. That will be followed by a Qualitative Analysis that uses numerical and statistical process to draw out and make generalizations based upon the information structure created from the Quantitative Research and the data sets provided by the various information sources. These information sources include, but are ...

Abstract

In this research paper, we will use the culture of the Batek people of Malaysia. This paper will show how primary mode of subsistence affects other aspects of cultural behavior and why culture acts the way it does. We will identify and analysis the culture of this peoples primarily mode of subsistence on gender relation, values and beliefs and political organization.

Introduction

Batek people are among other diverse cultural groups of the Orangi Asli people who live in central Malaysia. This indigenous people live in the rainforest of peninsular Malaysia their name means “original people”. This name was given to ...

Justifications, Problems, and Solutions

The broad goal of conservation biology is, according to experts from the American Museum of Natural History, is “to conserve global biodiversity” (Calcagonotto, Egan, and Lehn 2001). Small population conservation biology is a facet of conservation biology that deals with the more specific issue of trying to preserve endangered species that have extremely low populations, and the efforts to conserve these species can be very expensive. The question of whether or not this type of conservation biology is ethically justifiable is one that can be explored by examining the approach of small population conservation biology, examining a test case from the ...

Pacific Rim National Park is a strip of land along the southwestern coast of Vancouver Island. The park has a long beach, a series of islands and a long coastal trail. The park has a rich cover of coastal lowland forests mainly made up of towering Sitka spruce and ferns. This region has cool, wet climates that produce a very abundant life on both water and land. The lush coastal temperate rainforests produces diverse sub tidal and intertidal areas along the coastline. The temperatures recorded in the first day of the visit to the park were 12.5 degrees centigrade. The temperatures in the second ...

Humans have stewardship over natural resources to ensure the sustainability of the ecosystem. Sustainable living is not a sacrifice but a conscious decision to ensure human health through the renewal and preservation of natural resources.

Key words: stewardship, sustainability

Stewardship and Sustainability: Tropical Rain Forests

Environmental stewardship is the management of natural resources. It is the responsibility by those who use the environment to ensure that their activities do not harm the environment, and if they do, to restore the environment back to its original health. Environmental sustainability is the management of natural resources so that they are used at or below their rate of production; that ...

According to the most recent available statistics, the earth’s population has passed 7 million. The debate over the threat posed by overpopulation has raged for decades and the true magnitude of the situation may not be known for some time. However, there have long been observable, measurable consequences to the environment, living space, replenishable food supplies and other basic resources. In Brazil, all of these problems are in evidence to varying degrees, but poverty remains the overriding factor. While it cannot be argued that overpopulation is the cause of myriad social and political problems, in Brazil it is ...

Deforestation started when people stopped nomadic living and settled down to farming. In order to do this room had to be made for settlements and farms so the land use changed from forestation to agriculture. International policies have been set to protect tropical forests, slow down deforestation and encourage sustainable use of forests particularly in the world’s rainforests. Saving tropical rainforests is a priority because of their incredible plant and animal diversity. Scientists estimate that “more than half of (the world’s species) live in the tropical moist forests which cover only 6 percent of the world’s land ...

Dense rainforests have been disappearing at an alarming rate as human beings penetrate deep into the forests, clearing them so as to make room for their own activities. About 8000 years ago, this planet was covered by approximately 14.8 billion acres of forest, but unfortunately, currently the Earth consists of only 8.6 billion acres of forest remaining due to the extensive human exploitation (Jean 33). The deforestation has led to serious impacts on the environment, and species have started becoming extinct. The extent of rainforest deforestation across the globe and the main causes of this disturbing trend will ...

(Slide 1) Tropical rainforests are along the earth’s equatorial zone. In Central America they occur on the Yucatan Peninsula, Costa Rica has one of the most famous. South America holds the largest rainforest in the world, The Amazon. The rainforests of central Africa stretch from the Congo to the island of Madagascar on the eastern side. The monsoon area of Southeast Asia has rainforests from India to Myanmar (Burma) to the islands such as the Philippines and reaches down into northern Australia. (Learning, n.d., www.srl.caltech) The tropical rainforests are characterized by high humidity and torrential rains ...

Deforestation: Brazilian Amazon

Threat to the Environment Brazilian Amazon deforestation hurts the environment at the local, regional and global levels. A bad impact is the loss of above and below ground biodiversity. Left alone plants and trees grow at varying heights creating many layers of shade with rich areas of biodiversity that offer new discoveries for medicine and science when left undisturbed. Fearnside (2005) describes how the harsh tropical sun and wind reaches the forest floor when the leaf canopy protection is disturbed making openings to the sky (682). The forest floor microclimate dries out causing irreparable damage to plant and ...

UNESCO: Los Katios National Park

The Los Katios National Park is found in the north-western territory of Columbia, near the Darien/Uraba region of the Choco and Antioquia Departments. The park was constructed in 1973, to cover 52,000 hectares, but by 1979, the park was extended to 72,000 hectares. The Natural National Park Division of the Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (INDERENA) currently manages the park and is directly accounted for by the Ministry of Agriculture. According to Thorsell, Sawyer and the World Heritage Committee (1992) the park is under a tropical rainforest ecosystems zone, which can be determined by the park’ ...

HUAORANI OF ECUADOR

The Huaorani are the indigenous natives from the Amazonian rain forest in Ecuador. They are also known as the waos or the Aucas. The Huaorani territory is from the Napa River moving to the Curaray River from the southern border. The people are about 1300 to 1500 that live in small numbers and in temporary settlements. Either the neighboring communities are related or are of alien tribes, whose population is about 150000. They however, do not know the normal Ecuadorian culture because they have secluded themselves. The languages they speak are different from their neighboring communities and the design ...

Ethics

Introduction Lately ethical issues had become more popular in business environment. Interestingly, more often companies from different business fields encounter ethical issues. Lately, more newspapers describe ethical dilemmas people and organizations face. Ethical misconduct has become a serious concern in business nowadays. It is necessary to know how to abide ethical principles in order to save positive image of the company. The ethical problem is not new since long ago Milton Friedman said: “make as much money as possible while conforming to the basic rules of society, both those embodied in the law and those embodied in ethical ...