Essays on Primates

Introduction

The Ebola virus has existed for centuries. Like all life forms and viruses, it has been changing and adapting since the beginning of time to survive. Despite this the disease did not make itself known until the twentieth century. However, once the virus revealed itself only three major outbreaks have occurred. There were two in 1976 and one which took started in 2014 (CDC, 2015). The latest outbreak has been the longest and worst, effecting numerous countries such as, Mali, Nigeria, Liberia and Senegal in West Africa (CDC, 2015). This paper will look at the scientific aspects of the ...

Miopithecus ogouensis – Gabon talapoin

The Gabon talapoin (Miopithecus ogouensis) is a small species of monkey found not only in Gabon but in other African countries including Angola, Congo, Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea. Its range includes the Ogooue River, after which it was named but extends to other riparian habitats from the equatorial forest zone south of the Sanaga River in southern Cameroon to other tributaries of the Congo River including the Lefini and Almira Rivers . Although the monkey is listed as being of least concern in the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species , it is suffering significant wide-ranging habitat decline. Nowak has found ...

Abstract

Over thirty years after its identification, HIV and AIDS remains a somewhat elusive virus, particularly when it comes to its history as a human infectious agent, and resourcing a complete epidemiology of the disease. Part of the problem is that so many antiretroviral drugs have come out and have either been used or prescribed incorrectly. In addition, the virus, like many other reverse RNA transcriptase viruses, has a very high aptitude in terms of developing resistance to drugs at a very rapid rate. What further complicates matters is how quickly it has spread. It will probably never truly be ...

The concept of "social brain" is one of the challenging and advanced concepts of the modern neuropsychology. In addition, the "social brain", as a concept, forms a completely new approach to the study of social psychology and brain pathologies. Research and development of this concept contributes to the discovery of the social and psychological development of a person. The thematic justification of this study is important because it allows tracing the relationship between the social cognition and social behavior of a person, which is basic in the context of psychology, sociology, and neuropsychology. The development and use of the " ...

In the present assignment we are to analyze food habits among chimpanzees and the significance of those throughout the history of evolution of species. As it is well known chimpanzees are our closest surviving relatives with approximately 96 percent of genes being shared between us, humans, and chimpanzees. In the capacity of our relatives chimpanzees have the largest brain among the primates. Moreover, they have certain things in common if not with humans, at least with our predecessors – chimpanzees can use tools, some of which are quite sophisticated. They make their sleeping nests in a rather elaborate fashion which ...

[Class Title] The human species is believed to have come from hominids, a member of the primate family where the human species is believed to have originated from after a lengthy process of evolution. The Anne and Bernard Spitzer Hall of Human Origins present this unique history of human evolution through fossils. The exhibition covers millions of years of human evolution presented through innovative displays. One of its notable exhibits is the famous ‘Lucy’ skeleton, which was unearthed in Ethiopia by a joint American and French paleoanthropologist team sometime in 1974. The museum also showed partial skulls of the ‘ ...

Abrigo do Lagar Velho is a rock-shelter in the Portuguese valley that is famous for the stratigraphic range of the Upper Paleolithic human occupations within that area.

Absolute dating technique (chronometric dating) refers to the process of revealing the age on a certain time scale.

Acclimatization is the response of an organism to a gradual change in environmental conditions by adjusting and sustaining within these changes. Acheulian (Acheulean) is a tool made of stone that had round cutting edges and was used during the Lower Palaeolithic era.

Adolescent growth spurt refers to the sharp growth in height and weight rates t during adolescence.

Aegyptopithecus refers to the extinct primate of the Oligocene Period, resembling a modern-day lemur, whose fossils were found in Egypt. Afar Triangle is the region that is part of the ...

Primates are an order of mammals and while they share characteristics with other mammals, they also have their own identifiers that set them apart. For example, since primates rely more on their vision than their sense of smell, they have shortened snouts (Orzech. “Primate Features”). The fact that they rely so heavily on their sight makes perfect sense when considering that they have forward facing eye orbits which gives them the best position for taking in the most amount of visual stimuli (Orzech, “Primate Features”). Primates also have less teeth than other mammals, they do, however, have specific types ...

The importance of primates for evolutionary theory can hardly be overstated. The applications of the traits – the foundation of the distinction between primates and other organisms – are widespread and profound in anthropology as well as basic biology. Primates are a diverse class of organisms that share a suite of derived traits (characteristics primates inherited from their common primate ancestor) that separates them from other organisms (Ryan). For instance, primates share several inherited primeval traits with other animals from a distant mammalian common ancestor such as having body hair (fur) and being warm-blooded and even more distant terrestrial vertebrate predecessors ...

Part One: Primate Observation Field Notes

The observations of the primate took place at San Francisco Zoo. The following information provides the comments on the field notes made about the two primates – the Colobus Monkey and the Western Lowland Gorilla. The Colobus Monkey – a medium sized monkey of moderate build at San Francisco Zoo is found in the Doelger Primate Discovery Center (DPDC). Together with other species such as the pied tamarins, black howler monkey, siamangs and the squirrel monkeys, the colobus monkey is managed at DPDC under the Association of Zoos and Aquariums’ Species Survival Plans. These plans are designed to protect those species ...

Introduction

Even though the concept of evolution is a typical narrative, it remains one of the most highly contentious of the topics. Major disagreements persist in the field, particularly when the evolutionary origin and physical modification of primates are the subject matter of discussion. Because of these differences, lots of significant finds in the field have attracted considerable amounts of opposition from experts depending on the species, or the side angle of evolution one recognizes (Ravosa and Dagosto). Disputes often center around locomotion and posture – whether a particular species was fully upright or could walk bipedally, brain size (intelligence), sexuality ...

Gombe is a national park in Tanzania, one of East African countries. Jane Goodall is the primatologists in this research of the chimpanzees in Tanzania’s Gombe national parks. Goodall today runs an organization to help champion conservation of the environment and other endangered species (Goodall, 2010). Goodall founded Roots and shoots and the Jane Goodall institute through which she runs several of her activities. Although Goodall didn’t have collegiate training when she set out to go to Gombe stream 1960 to study the Kasakela Chimpanzee Community, Goodall's interactions with the primates has contributed a lot to the ...

Humans are the most evolved species as evolutionist biologist Theodosiusn Dobzhansky once stated, though the notion has been contested recently after further extensive primal researches being conducted. Findings from the intensive studies on primates such as baboons, chimpanzees and bonobos have proved that they also possess quite a fair share of the intelligent quotient as humans, through being in the capacity to communicate and forge handmade stone tools to make their work easier. Primates are omnivores hence plenty of food is available to feed on and face very little danger from predators, thus they spend minimal time trying to ...

A Previously unknown species of hominins, Homo Naledi was discovered as recently as 2013, in the Dinaledi Chamber of the Rising Star cave system. Researchers found an extensive collection of fossils, belonging to 15 individuals of the same species. When examined, researchers found that the individuals belonged to a previously unknown species, because their morphology was different than that of other known species of primates. In their description, Berger et al. found that the hominin has unique cranial morphology, although closely related to other species of hominins, human-like adaptations of the hand and wrist, and humanlike foot and limb ...

` The evolution of human beings is closely related to the evolution of the human brain. Brain capacity demonstrates how humans evolved from primitive to modern forms. By examining brain capacity across three different species of primates, namely Australopithecuas Africanus, Homo Habilis and Homo Erectus, it is possible to notice how brain capacity drastically increased, and with it, other modifications also took place, thus allowing modern humans (Homo Sapiens) to evolve into the present form. Based on primary research, this paper will examine brain capacity as a fundamental evolution characteristic, and will trace the transformations which took place from one ...

The River and the Chimp is an analytical book written by David Quammen about how the HIV originated from chimpanzees in an African forest (Quammen, 2015). The acumen of this book challenges the many unscientific beliefs about the origin of HIV and spread. There is a great need to understand where this scourge originated to beat the diverse stereotypical and unscientific beliefs. By examining the works of David Quammen in the book The River and the Chimp, this research paper shall focus on discussing the origin of HIV. The knowledge of the origin of HIV is of immense importance ...

Did Human Bipedalism Evolve from a Knuckle-walking Ape Ancestor Did Human Bipedalism Evolve from a Knuckle-walking Ape Ancestor

Introduction

The narratives of human evolution are one of the oft-told scientific stories whenever the topic of the origin of man crops up. However, this topic is also one of the thorniest and most highly contentious. There are major disagreements in the manner in which man first came to be, and every interpretation of almost every new find on the matter will be sure to find opposition among scholars on the field (Harcourt-Smith & Aiello, 2004). While there are numerous causes of disputes ...

Based on what I have learned, the primates are intelligent animals. For instance, the chimpanzees and other apes are intelligent because they can learn words, play with each other, play with objects, and they even mourn their friends' death. As compared to humans, psychological abilities vary from one animal to the other. Half of the intelligence that primates have come from their genes. The environmental factors contribute the rest of the intelligence in primates. On the other hand, the human intelligence and development are based on cultural factors such as formal education (Matsuzawa). From the study in human beings ...

Chimpanzees are genetically very close to human beings. As a result, these animals are very useful when conducting human biomedical and behavioral research (National Academies of Science). Plenty of research have been done using these animals leading to great developments in public health. Although these primates have helped researchers to make plenty of contribution to public health, some people feel that other alternatives should be considered. It is true that chimpanzees have played a vital role in medical research. However, their use as animal models is no longer appealing as technology provides alternatives. Complete discontinuation of chimpanzees in laboratories ...

Why do you think it is important to study non-human primates in physical anthropology?

Non-human primates help us to get an idea about the nature of human beings and how human beings came to existence. Also, studying non-human primates will give us a deeper understanding as to whether we have similar characteristics since they are our close relatives. This is more important if we compare with other primates. This is because there hasn’t been enough time for human beings and non-primates to evolve the differences that do exist currently. It is important to study non-human primates because they are relatively similar to human beings than other animals. This also teaches us on ...

Introduction

The extant record on contemporary human biology indicate that relative to other primates, the life history hallmarks of modern humans diverge in many advantageous ways. For example, researchers attribute our greater life history patterns to selective features within our genus, including relatively large brains and advanced dispersal capabilities (Bogin 1999; Flinn 2010; Hill and Hurtado 1996; Kaplan et al. 2000; Leigh 2001). Over the last decade, a mounting body of scientific research has simultaneously called into question and advanced the prevailing scientific consensus on the origin and development of the genus Homo, generally, and the foundations for the identifying ...

Although the aye-aye looks more like a rodent than a primate, it is actually one of the world’s largest primates (National Geographic). Unlike most primates, it is largely nocturnal and has specially-developed senses that allow it to find food at night. It is not a hunter in the same way that some other primates are; instead, the aye-aye is a very strange animal, which uses its hands to tap on trees to find its favorite food—grubs. Once it finds a delicious treat, it uses its strong teeth to chew a hole right through the tree trunk and ...

Primates can be defined as members of the mammalian order Primates and are divided into two subgroups: the prosimians (lorises, lemurs and tarsiesrs) and anthropoids (human, monkeys and apes). Primates share many different traits and characteristics with other mammals, especially regarding hair, teeth, an ability to remain an internal constant body temperature, brain size and a capability to learn. However, there are also features that make primates distinct from other mammals. For example, in contrast to other mammals, primates remained generalized, which means that they keep some traits of their ancestors that other groups of mammals have lost throughout ...

Primates are animals in the kingdom Mammalia characterized by the presence of appendages used for grasping, enlarged cerebrals hemispheres and binocular vision. Some of these traits include groups of animals such as humans, apes and monkeys. Primates generally poses the following arboreal adaptations; relatively larger brains compared to other mammals, tend to rely of stereoscopic vision which they use in place of sense of smell, lack of rhinarium which is basically wet nose.

What are the kinds of primates?

The kinds of primates include humans, apes, monkeys, guerillas, simian, chimpanzees, and orangutans among others. Characteristics of primates Notably, primates eat different types of foods based ...

The literature often uses such techniques as allegory and metaphor. Allegory, according to Miriam and Webster dictionary, is “a story in which the characters and events are the symbols that are used to describe the ideas of human life as it is or its individual constituents”. One of the most striking examples of allegory in literature is Plato's work "Allegory of the Cave" in which people are shown to the reader's eyes as chained cave dwellers who are not seeing the daylight and are watching the movement of shadows that are projected on the walls by means of fire. ...

In his article “Revenge of the Nerds”, Steven Pinkler’s main argument is that human ancestors’ particular habits made them more apt to evolve causal reasoning. He argues this through four reasons. First, that primates are visual animals. “In monkeys such as the rhesus macaque, half of the brain is dedicated to sight” (Pinkler 191). Furthermore, he also references the early development of stereoscopic perception and color vision, which allowed them to amplify their diet. These characteristics serve as warrants because they allowed primates to see the world in terms of objects that move through space. Furthermore, it led ...

The research question being discussed is on primate evolution. From the scholarly article concerning Phylogency of living primates. The primary argument is the evolution is both complex and controversial. This is because the phylogeny is robust, and it shows primate evolution from the past to recent times (Seuánez HN 2011). It clarifies various controversies concerning taxonomy and provides recent data and findings on human evolution. The ancient lineages, different rates of evolution and dispersed distributions of insertions in the primate lineages are discovered (Perelman 2011). This helps in explaining the human selection and adaptation, the discovery of zoonotic ...

Introduction

First discovered in the year of 1976 after an outbreak in South Sudan (Gatherer, 2014), Ebola is considered as one of the deadliest medical conditions effecting the world along with cancers and AIDS. The disease is highly communicable and contagious even after the death of the victim and, therefore, has become deadlier in a world that is well connected, with thousands of people travelling from one place to another (Goeijenbier, van Kampen, Reusken, Koopmans and van Gorp, 2014). The recent outbreak in the African continent has led the world to shift gears to high alerts for any prospective Ebola victims ...

Most researchers agree that modern humans have been around for 100,000 years. However our ancestors ‘primates’ who walked upright in African plains, banded together for warmth and shelter might have lived much longer than us, estimated at around 3.2 million years. The predictions made are based on 42-inch fossil that was found in Ethiopia in 1974 by anthropologist Donald C. Johanson. This skeleton is probably the most popular fossil in the entire world and is named ‘Lucy’ after the Beatles song playing in the tape deck of researchers when it was found.

The discovery story and impact ...

In her article 'Minds of Their Own' published in 2008 in the National Geographic Magazine, Virginia Morell discusses animals' ability to acquire language skills. By bringing the examples of Alex the Parrot, dolphins, primates and even crows, Morell dispels the age-old myth that animals cannot learn human language. While her article is compelling and indeed informative, one wonders whether these examples indicate true language acquisition, or otherwise are they merely a reflection of intricate imitative capabilities.

The following essay will attempt to examine the question of non-human language acquisition through discussing the distinction between language and communication, as ...

Question One

A theory is a logical explanation to the existence of a given phenomenon or situation. It acts as a basic principle that to explain why something is in existence or is happening. For any explanation to be approved as a theory there has to be evidence and a level of truth to support a theory. Theories act as the basic explanation towards getting deeper knowledge as to why certain scenarios are in existence. In many cases for any explanation to be termed as a theory, it must have some truth. One of the most notable theories is the evolution theory. Charles Darwin developed the Darwin’s ...

Introduction

A primate is essentially a mammal of order primates that contains simians and prosimians. Primates rose from the ancestors that survived in trees of tropical forest. It is important to note that many characteristics of the primates represent the adaptations to life in the tropical forest three dimensional environments. Most species of primate remain at least partially arboreal. For that reason, this paper centers on the characteristics, which define order of primates, specifically contrasting and comparing Homo Sapiens or humans and chimpanzees or Pan troglodytes. These characteristics include locomotion, brain size, tool used, as well as facial expressions and language.

...

Skull Measurements

According this cluster report, there exists a different degree of similarity between different species. The more related the species are, the more similar they are. This is mainly because they share a lot of traits and common features. According to my synthesis, I would like to record that this cluster analysis is sensible (McBrearty, S. & Jablonski, N.G. 2005). It gives accurate presentation of the relationship which exists between these species.

It is sensible to report that there is a higher similarity between the Australopithecus Africanus, Homo erectus and Homo sapiens as compared to any other ape. Essentially, they are more related ...

Introduction

The ecological systems have their basis in the principle of adaptability, and therefore, change is the only concept that remains consistently evident within them all the time, and the nature is miserably failing to provide shelter, food and uncorrupted habitat to primates because of increasing deforestation, and the humans are destroying the natural residence of primates, and therefore, World Wildlife Federation (WWF) considers most of the species those come under the type as endangered, and humans had played a significant role in this regard, and the nutritional experts believe that primates are competitors against humans as both of the organisms ...

Theory of justice is one of the political philosophy and moral works that has been developed in the twentieth century. It is very influential work of John Rawls’s which has great impact. In this theory, John attempts to develop a philosophy; in this philosophy he generates political structures which are intended to preserve individual liberty as well as social justice. In this attempt, John tries to counteract the predominant theory which explained that justice is intended for the greatest number of people to provide the greatest good. Therefore in this theory John looks into a person who is very ignorant ...

Needless to say that having a phobia is normal for every sane person, as everybody with a healthy mind is afraid of something. He or she could be afraid of some creature (fictional and/or real), of some event, some situation etc. Every fear or phobia of something is a kind of anxiety disorder, which is generally being defined as uncontrollable and prevalent fear of a situation or an object, which is needed to be avoided by a person. It is identified by the person’s mind as a real danger to his/her existence, even when a situation or an object appears to be objectively safe; therefore, ...

INTRODUCTION

Human beings have always had a fascination with primate species; in them, many see similar morphology, behaviors and interactions most reminiscent of humans. This has spawned years of endless dedicated study and the development of a new anthropological branch, primatology. These are people dedicated to the understanding of how primates live, how they structure their society, how they learn and how intelligent they are? The great apes, like Chimpanzees and Gorillas have recieved a great deal of attention, but they are not the only primate species of great interest to primatologists, the capuchin monkey is, as well. Capuchin monkeys got their name ...

The following is a layman’s version on the processes that produced the first intelligent, sentient creature, the human being. The paper will address the time through the forest- savannah transition in east Africa and through to the first hand axe and spear making, a period of approximately three million years ago. The paper will propose probable events that might have occurred during that time. The pre-human ancestors went from among the weakest and defenseless prey on the plains of African grassland to the voracious terror of the modern world, within an interval of approximately one million years. How did that ...

Infant care and production in tamarins

Infant care and production in Tamarins: An Introduction Parenting patterns vary extensively both amongst human and primates. Cooperative care is rather unusual in the primates, however; it is found mainly in tamarins (Saguinus oedipus), the small monkeys. This report delves into infant care and production in tamarins, in a social system, explaining the methods they maintain their relationships in a cooperative care.

When offered an option for caretaking of mother or the father, infants generally prefer the father, who offer more care. Hence, in biparental and cooperative breeding groups, the infants do not create a major fondness to the mother or ...

Gibbons, chimps, and other primates are not just considered evolutionary related to human beings, scientific analysis suggests that there are blood relationships between the two. The human blood types A, B, and O in human beings are approximated to have evolved about 20 million years ago, which is assumed to be as old as the human existence. This scientific research also reveals the existence of a common ancestry between these primates and human beings. According to scientific knowledge, blood types are broken down into two groups of positive and negative, which are referred to as the Rhesus factor (RH). Therefore, ...

Human beings (Homo sapiens) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) belong in the same order of primates and the Hominidae family. This is because they have common characteristics that lead them to be grouped together in this order. A number of similar biological aspects make human and chimpanzees to be grouped together. Both chimpanzees and humans have highly flexible limbs that end up with five fingers. These limbs for both limbs and hind limbs enable this order of animals to perform various activities such as climbing trees and the use of tools. Human beings and chimpanzees have flexible shoulders and ...

Introduction

A primate is any member that belongs to the group of apes, monkeys and humans. Primates are warm-blooded mammals that unlike most of the groups of living organisms such as reptiles, primates have maternal instincts, and they take care of their young ones from birth. Primates are not egg laying organisms instead; they undergo fertilization and the embryological development of the foetus. Primates share a very close relationship genetically and are even used to explain the theory of evolution. Scientists say that apes share 98 percent of the genetic print with humans and thus they are the closest living relatives ...

Detailed Outline

Introduction This section shall provide a distinct presentation on what the whole paper is about Introducing the 1st Specie This section specifically provides of distinct presentation on the details about the first specie that has been discovered in Kenya Introducing the 2nd Specie This section provides a specific description of the second specie that has been discovered and how it could have a relative connection to all the environmental elements they relatively exist with.

Definition of social culture among primates

This section shows how the overall culture of primates relates to those that have been recently discovered in Kenya as noted in the ...

- Primate brains follow predictable developmental pattern This Monash University research, originally published in the Journal of Neuroscience by Tristan Chaplin et al., is said to be a breakthrough in the understanding of the evolution of primate brains across all sizes of primate species. In an anatomical context, the research discusses how the disproportionate enlargement of the areas of the human brain necessary for advanced levels of the cognition can be identified as consistent across all sizes of primate species. The researchers found through the use of computer modelling and MRI imaging that those two brain regions – “the lateral ...

Background of the study

The vast lowland forests of central Africa host the western lowland gorilla, which is scientifically referred to as the ‘gorilla gorilla gorilla.’ This is the most widespread and common of the four distinct subspecies of gorillas. Accurate and reliable estimations of their numbers are so far not possible because these primates live in some of the most remote and densest parts of Africa’s rainforests (Berthelet & Chavaillon, 1993). Regardless the total population of these primates was approximated at 100000 individuals in 1980s and has been declining ever since then. Golden lion tamarins are another group of the primate ...

With reference to Biological studies, homology is the presence of shared pedigree between living organisms in terms of evolution. The homology might be in terms of genetical constitution, or physical constitution, to name a few. Here, I have described the evolutionary homology between various phyla supporting the description with a phylogenetic tree.

Genetic code is the combination of DNA and RNA sequences that constitute the amino acid sequences used in the synthesis of an organism's proteins. It is the biochemical basis of heredity and generally, protein coding amino acids is very similar in all eukaryotes and prokaryotes. The principle differences occur ...

Introduction

The study explored the homological characteristics of 22 species. The organisms were human, pygmy chimpanzee, common chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan, white-handed gibbon, macaque (Cercopithecine monkey), horse, bison, cat, dog, bird, bat, frog, rattlesnake, alligator, fish, whale, wolf, pig, bacteria, and cow. The species were categorized as mammals, reptiles, birds, fish, or amphibians. However, humans and apes were further classified as primates. Moreover, the research sought to determine whether the species share characteristics that link them to a common ancestor. The research hypothesis was that if the evolutionary path of the 22 organisms were traced, then a common ancestor would be observed.

Universal Genetic Code

The ...

OBSERVATIONS

Since I entered into a formal institution, and we happen to study the evolution, I have always been left amazed and wondered on how living beings came to be. Because it was in my primary level, I always thought of it as just a mere story. I could hear that people were once using their four limbs for movement like the monkeys. I could also read that we evolved from the primate family which consists the likes of the chimpanzees, monkeys, baboons, and we later came to become what we are today. My grandparents could tell me stories of how the ...

Psychological studies have been carried out to assess the ability of an individual to percept numerical values. Evidence shows that some numbers can only be available for adult perception however there are certain numerical concepts which could be observed by infants, adults and animal species. The article “Core systems of number” by L. Feigenson et al. (2004) reviews certain neuropsychological and behavioral findings that these perception abilities are based on two core systems of number representation which we will discuss further in detail. As was put by Roger Bacon (c. 1219–1294) “The knowledge of mathematical things is ...

The acquired immune deficiency syndrome better known as AIDS is a viral disease. Research analysis indicates that, the disease is mainly caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The virus attacks the immune system and ensures that it weakens the site. After the attack, the infected person is made vulnerable to diseases and other infections. The origin of the disease is said to have come from viruses initially infecting African primates. The transmission of the virus to the species is what led to the outbreak of the disease in humans (Paul &Beatrice 2011). A single SIV (simian immune deficiency virus) ...

In the studying how the human species evolved, a lot of astonishing discoveries, great public interest as well as a great level of controversy have always been involved. Since the early twentieth century the discovery of new hominid fossils has altered the widespread perceptions held concerning how our species evolved. Piltdown Man and Ramapithecus are examples of these new discoveries (Szpak, 2014). The objective of this discussion is to address Australopithecus with regard to migration and subsistence habits. With its first appearance being in Africa about 4.2 million years ago and later diversifying into various forms, australopithecines is a broad group ...

Ebola epidemic again reminded of itself in March this year in Guinea. Since that time, the virus that swept Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Senegal, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Gabon, concentrated mainly in West Africa. However, there was already recorded case of infection in the United States, in Dallas. The family members of the patient infected with a virus were placed under home quarantine. This paper is dedicated to investigation of the question whether the US government should introduce quarantine in the country and in which way. In particular, it will show why quarantine should not be introduced ...

Syntax is the study of principles and rules for sentences’ construction in natural languages. Syntax also studies the patterns of sentences and phrases’ forming. It exists in human communication only. Many scientists study this phenomenon and are trying to understand why it is not a characteristic feature of other living beings. Researches worked out several theories to explain the evolution of humans’ syntactic language. Regarding the human’s anatomy that contributed to syntactic language development, Joshua B. Plotkin and Martin A. Nowak state in their article that “everyone knows around 50,000 words in his primary language. The words ...

We may claim that time is producing more civilized human beings, but our frustrations and the violence within us continue to mount. Animals are one aspect of the ecosystem that’s paying the price for our indulgences and research. Myriad animals are being killed each day just so that they could be hung on drawing-room walls as evidence of our bravery or so that we could cut them open as a new excuse for science. Slaughtering of animals for the sake of food is a cause that could be justified, but countless animals are becoming victims to violence that is uncalled ...

Part I: Observation

This report aims to better understand the social organization and behavior of Propithecus coquereli. The species is more commonly referred to as Coquerel's sifaka and it is native to the island nation of Madagascar off the eastern coast of Mozambique. Like other primates, Coquerel’s sifaka is a species that adheres to an intricate, and hierarchical social structure. Between primates, however, more idiosyncratic behaviors exist that generalizations of a species offer little by way of understanding unique characteristics and social nuances. In this report, two primates named Lucy (female) and Ricky (male) are observed. Although their monikers suggest that an intimate, ...

The Los Angeles Zoo has a number of primate species. Background information indicates that there are a number of species of monkeys and apes in the zoo. The New World Monkeys are located in the South American section of the zoo and include the Black-handed spider monkey, the crested capuchin monkey, the black-howler monkey and the squirrel monkey. Of the four species of great apes, three that are exhibited at the Zoo include chimpanzees, orangutans, and gorillas. In the “Red Ape Rain Forest”, the orangutans are divided into a couple of groups. An in-depth observation shows that each group centers on a male. ...

God has created all creatures. It is amazing to discover that each creature is unique in its own sense and does not resemble the other creature completely. The various creatures on earth, including plants and animals differ greatly from each other on the basis of their outer morphology and inner anatomy. Humans are considered the most intelligent creatures on earth and they utilize animals extensively for research and development of inventions that may benefit the mankind in the future. It is estimated that nearly 26 million animals are used everyday for scientific and commercial testing in the USA . ...

1) Humanity is a vastly diverse species, and there is a range of ways of viewing it. The world anthropology is the study of every facet of what it means to be human. As a result, there are a number of perspectives and applications that humanity inhabits, and as a result a number of subdivisions to the academic discipline of anthropology. Depending on who you ask, anthropology is generally broken into five categories, while the majority of anthropologists recognize four areas of anthropology (Kottak, 1). A quick look at these subdivisions shows how they are all related to understanding humanity, but from different points ...

Question: one

Following the time when the Dawn of Man, people have pondered, occasionally even longed for, the devastation of life on Earth. One could make a counter-contention that the film denounces bigotry and accuses man of nuking humankind into eradication. The contention would proceed with and call attention to that the encounters African-Americans have with bigotry in White supremacist hetero-patriarchy is being exemplified in Hesston’s character. That is, despite the fact that Hesston is a White man encompassed by ‘other’ greater part, the part inversion is intended to show White individuals the feelings of being subjugated and victimized. As numerous ...

[Client’s Name] [Client’s Professor] [Client’s Subject] [Date Passed]

Through Animal Rights Lenses The reasoning of the existence of a superior race is often used as a basis for animal objectification. Humans are believed to be the more advanced species when it comes to intelligence and even physique. This train of thought has allowed humans to justify hunting down animals, taking animals from their natural habitats and using them for purposes that would suit human’s wants and needs. Very few have ever questioned this notion, especially in the 19th century where things were very ...