Essays on Equal Protection

In the 1996 case, United States v. Virginia, the Supreme Court held that the state run Virginia Military Institute’s (VMI) official and traditional policy of only allowing male students to be admitted was unconstitutional. According to the Court, as a state institution that barred woman from entering without a showing that the policy was furthered or was substantially related to an important government purpose, violated the Fourteenth Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause (United States v. Virginia, 1996). The Court came to this decision even though Virginia had decided to establish a female only school, the Virginia Women’s ...

The 13th Amendment put an end to slavery once and for all when it declared that slavery was no longer permitted throughout the United States and all of its territories. This applied to not only slavery, but to involuntary servitude as well. The only exception to this would be if it were implemented as a form of punishment for crimes that were clearly legislated as such. The Amendment also included the granting of all power necessary to the Congress in the process of enforcing this legislation regarding any situations involving the enslavement of free people. This was necessary because ...

The case in question represents Abigail Fisher, a white female who was denied admission at the University of Texas since she failed to qualify for the Texas Top Ten Percent Plan. She argued that the university considered many factors to fill the remaining slots including race, which was against the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment. The district court, court of appeals and Supreme Court held that the university's admissions process was constitutional (Liptak, 2016). Some judges including Clarence Thomas, Samuel Alito and Chief Justice John Roberts voiced their dissent regarding the ruling. The attorneys, in this case, ...

People with great concern to the children with disabilities or special need never give up and continually giving support. The battle of the children with disabilities cannot be understood unless the individual around them have the knowledge and concern. It is necessary to look deeper the history of special education in order to understanding the conditions of the children with disabilities. The history about the children with disabilities is the key to understand the children with disabilities through the events and laws concerning special education. Esteves and Rao emphasize that the events determined the evolution of special education, gradually ...

I. Introduction A corporation is a common type of business organization in which its owners have the ability to use it as a separate, and distinct legal entity. One of the primary differences between a corporation and other types of business organizations, such as a sole proprietorship or general partnership, is that a duly formed corporation is, legally a person. Moreover, under the law, a corporation is a legal person who the owners, in essence, can control and direct to carry out a range of activities. To be sure, corporations are deemed to have a personality or personhood, including ...

Brian Short v. State of Florida

The Main Issue Is the “Maintaining the size of our children law” in the State of Florida is unconstitutional considering the imposed marriage prohibition on the basis of height?

Relevant Legal Concepts

Under Section 1 of the 14th Amendment, no state shall enforce any law that would abridge the privileges and immunities of the citizens of the United States, nor shall any state law should deprive any individuals of their liberty, life, property, denied jurisdiction of equal protection of the law and without due process (Schubert, 2008, p. 24). Civil rights is a basic proponent of the Constitution stipulating that personal liberties ...

[Class Title]

Introduction Established by the Greek statesman, Solon, sometime in the 600 B.C., voting has always been a key feature of democracy. The international community regards it as the most basic human right, which should be protected and guaranteed to all citizens of a country as stipulated by internal human rights laws. A government by the people must have the participation of the people, which is realized through suffrage. Today, voting rights are already universally practiced, yet there are certain circumstances wherein such right is taken away by the state. In the United States, a person will lose ...

Barbara, who is just returning to work from maternity leave, is requesting her supervisor for evenly spaced breaks and a consistent lunch hour break so that she can milk for the baby and feed her baby at an adjacent day care center. The question is whether Barbara is entitled to this provision. If the business can accommodate these requests, the manager is obliged to make the working conditions comfortable for Barbara to allow her to carry out her work and childrearing roles smoothly. Genuine differences between men and women have been used to justify different treatment, which is considered ...

There were a number of cases brought before the Supreme Court of the United States in relation to racial discrimination. In Brown vs. Board of Education, the Supreme Court in the United States declared that it was unconstitutional to continue practicing state laws which separated public schools for Black and White students. The decision ruled that such state laws were a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. On the contrary, Plessy vs. Ferguson the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the state laws that supported racial segregation, especially in public facilities. These laws became practical ...

Business Law Case Study

The issue for determination in this scenario is whether or not the service of process on Dr. Bardwell through his wife service was an effective service. An effective service of process is undertaken when the summons and complaint are handed to the defendant himself, but not any other person. Personal service of process in this case means that even when the complaint and summons are left where the defendant operates business or where he lives, and the agent therein accepts service and signs, it is considered to have been effected, even when it is delivered via registered mail. The ...

Business Law Case Study

Issues

Was it a proper service when the summons was mailed to the defendant medical clinic? Whether the Minnesota court should invalidate the Tennessee judgment. Rule The general principle under Rule 4 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure is that service can be made personally to the defendant, left in their place of residence or business or through an email. For corporations or companies, Rule 4 (B) of the rules states that the summons can be delivered to the defendant’s agent authorized to receive such processes but a copy of the summons must be copied to each ...

The case United States v. Virginia represents the United States’ suit against Virginia Military Institute. Virginia Military Institute is a military school that provides teaching only for one sex, that is for men. The case appealed to the Fourteenth Amendment, namely to the Equal Protection Clause, stating that Virginia Military Institute violated the Constitution. As a result of the Fourth Circuit’s order, Virginia created a program for women in Mary Baldwin College, called Virginia Women’s Institute for Leadership ("United States V. Virginia et al., 518 U.S. 515 (1996)", n.p.). The views dealing with this case were divided ...

Introduction

Over the decades, the minority groups in America society such as the blacks, American Indians, and Asians as well as women have been discriminated. Mainly, the discrimination of these groups has been manifested significantly in education, career opportunities, and in employment. To curb this racial and gender prejudices, the American Federal government and Supreme Court have enacted numerous legislation to support for equality of these underrepresented groups in the society. One of the most apparent and profoundly supported legislation is the affirmative action. In this paper, we analyze the actual meaning of the term Affirmative Action. Next, the paper ...

Facts and History of the Case

In order to understand the point of reviewing the case of Obergefell v. Hodges, on has to be aware of the facts about the case first. The Obergefell v. Hodges case was a landmark case that was handled by no less than the United States Supreme Court . The main issue at hand was the constitutionality of the previously implemented clauses banning same sex marriages. There were two issues at hand here. The first one was the legalization of same-sex marriage. The second issue was whether the prior and the still existing bans on same-sex marriage were constitutional or otherwise. ...

Present day education systems of the United States of America are subject to racially diversified college classrooms that are significantly different from the classes that existed by the second half of the twentieth century. The notable change is the outcome of “affirmative action” that became law under the Executive Order 11246 courtesy of President Lyndon Johnson in 1965. As per the terms of the executive order, publicly funded companies could not discriminate based on any traits including skin color, gender, and religion. In the end, the action sought to serve two purposes: make efforts to allocate equal opportunity for ...

Undocumented immigrants are individuals that cross the border into the USA without entry visas, especially individuals that avoid inspection or overstay their time allowed as visitors, tourists, or businesspersons. These illegal immigrants make up about 4% of the American population and account for approximately 8% of the children born. In the first class post, the author collaborates my view that undocumented immigrants’ children should be allowed American citizenship because the children have no control over where they should or shouldn’t be born. I agree with the author that the USA is a land of equality and opportunities that ...

Alignment of the single-sex admission policy of Virginia Military Institution (VMI) aligns with the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment was the issue raised in United States v. Virginia. VMI has been an all-male institution since its inception in 1839. In deciding that the single-sex admission policy of VMI violated the equal protection clause, the majority opinion relied on ‘intermediate scrutiny’ test applied in the prior case of Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan. In the Hogan case, the Court employed the ‘intermediate scrutiny’ test, but applied this in terms of the ‘exceedingly persuasive justification’ standard. The standard ...

Abstract

This paper puts the legal and ethical issues of physician-assisted suicide in the context of the larger debate on privacy and the right to die, which can be divided into three constituent parts: (1) a patient’s constitutionally protected right to privacy in all matters involving end-of-life treatment decisions. So long as a patient has the mental capacity to make informed consent, the government does not have a legitimate interest to override end-of-life decisions. Critical to the analysis of a patient’s refusal of life-sustaining treatment is the burden of the state to prove a patient did not have ...

(Course number)

Education is an invaluable wealth which transcends race, religion, culture, gender and which everyone must possess. Every person has the right to be educated according to his vocation and interest. Just like any other freedom, education must be enhanced, developed and protected. Unfortunately, some policies of the State are restrictive insofar as the kind of programs and education every university should offer and implement. Hence, the State resolved that Chinese Universities should not be allowed to implement their own chosen academic programs. It is the aim of this paper to refute the policy of the State in ...

Implications of Equal Protection under the Law

Introduction Ability grouping is a common educational practice that is now commonly utilized in the US. The practice is used in order to enable the use of different instruction methods in schools. This is done with the intention of meeting the educational needs of different students (McCarter, 2014). The presence of the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment of the US Constitution raises the question of whether ability grouping of K-12 students is legal or illegal. The purpose of this essay is to delve into the effects of equal protection under the law in relation to ability group ...

Question No.1

1ST ISSUE: WHETHER S 16 OF DEFENSE OF MARRIAGE ACT IS VALID

The provision is invalid on the grounds of unconstitutionality. Article IV, s 1 of the US Constitution provides “Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.” The Court, in Mills v. Duryee, 11 U.S. 481 (1813) explained that the Full Faith and Credit Clause means that not only are records of public acts, records and judicial proceedings in one state admitted in another, but their effects as well. Section 16 should, therefore, ...

The Brown Case as it is often referred to, was significant for the jurisprudence the Supreme Court laid in interpretation of matters constitutional in relation to racial segregation which at that time was prevalent in the United States of America. A brief statement of the facts are as follows. The United States schools had until the litigation relied on Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), which had held that segregation in public facilities was constitutional as long as the segregated functions enjoyed similar facilities. This had been advanced in denying blacks the right to ...

Same Sex Marriage

Marriage is often considered a sacred rite that only a few could experience in their lifetimes. Some would find themselves in a bountiful and happy marriage while a few would find themselves in short and sometimes painful marriages. Nonetheless, the debate has still fostered new arguments considering the entrance of LGBT communities over their rights to a recognized marriage. However, given the current situation of same-sex marriages in the United States, it is visible that it is unconstitutional to bind something such as marriages to people just because of their gender preferences for it is a direct violation to one’s right to make choices ...

A city Housing Authority operates city owned rental property. The Housing Authority issued the following regulation:” ‘Family' means a number of individuals related to the nominal head of the household or to the spouse of the nominal head of the household living as a single housekeeping unit in a single dwelling unit, but limited to the following: (a) Husband or wife of the nominal head of the household. (b) Unmarried children of the nominal head of the household or of the spouse of the nominal head of the household, provided, however, that such unmarried children have no children residing with them. (c) Father or ...

The 14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause states that every individual should enjoy equal protection under the law. What this says is that police officers do not have the right to interpret the level of protection an individual deserves based on his/her supposed worthiness. An unarmed individual, by right of his vulnerability, is entitled to the defense of police officers, not their aggression. A firearm automatically puts an individual in a superior position where they have the ability to mete out death. A police officer, who has been entrusted to use that ability with wisdom, has the duty not to use ...

Brown versus Board of Education was a landmark case in the United States Supreme Court. The case had a very great impact on the personal rights of individuals as will be fructified in the evaluation.

- Basic Information

The title of the case was Oliver Brown, et al. v. Board of Education of Topeka, et al. The case number was 347 U.S. 483.

- Plaintiff

The plaintiffs in the case were Oliver Brown, et al.

- Defendant

The defendant in the case was the Board of Education of Topeka, et al.

The case Oliver Brown, et al. v. Board of Education ...

Abstract

In Ross v. Moffitt (1974), it was held by the U.S. Supreme Court that the indigent criminal defendant is not entitled to the right of an appointed counsel at State’s cost as the indigent defendant is already entitled to the right of the appointed counsel at the courts below i.e., the trial court and first court of appeal where a counsel’s advise and presence is required at the various stages of trial and to point out to the Appellate court the errors committed by the court below. What is more important is the due process clause rather than ...

Federalism refers to a political structure with two or more levels of government exercising control over the same territory and citizens. In a federal system, these levels consist of the federal or central government and constituent political units referred to as state or provincial or territorial governments; creating a federation. These governments are supreme when exercising power within their sphere of authority.

Power and resources in such systems are divided between the central and regional governments with some level of autonomy. The central government usually has oversight over issues of concern to the whole country while the state or regional governments deal ...

Business Law Paper Answers

Business Law Paper Answers

Explain the Duty to Rescue as developed by the Yania v. Bigan case on page 3 of the textbook?

The duty to rescue describes about the circumstances and situations in which one group can be detained legally responsible for not rescuing the other party, a group, or an individual from danger. There is a penalty for those who fail to rescue others in certain conditions. It can occur after hazardous situation in which the creator may not be a negligent. So, where the duty of rescue arises the beholder should act in a certain way of care. The duty to rescue can be observed from the case of Yania v. Bigan. Bigan asked Yania to jump into the ...

United States V. Virginia

518 U.S. 515 (1996) Factual background: Virginia Military Institute, also known as “VMI” became one of the fifteen (15) sole single-sexed public institutions situated in the state of Virginia. The mission and objective of VMI is to be able to train male citizen soldiers who shall become the leaders in the future. The training inside the institution adheres to the adversative method, where the trainees are required to undergo physical tests, mental stress, absence of privacy among others. During the trial, the District Court admitted that there are females who miss out on the educational opportunity and training ...

Ricci v. DeStefano, 557 U.S. 557 (2009) was a controversial case that was decided by the United States Supreme court. The case concerned racial discrimination practices by New Haven, Connecticut’s fire department. The department had eighteen employees where seventeen were white, while there was only one Hispanic. The company in 2003 had seven openings for captain and eight positions for lieutenant. The department administered civil service examinations to fill the positions. The test consisted of two segments where one was oral and the other was written. The New Haven Department of Human Resources issued and RFP for the exams ...

Question 1

First, the meaning of a statute must be established. This must be done from the language in which it is outlined. To begin with, it is the duty of the judges to give effects and ascertain the intent of the legislature in approving the statute from the language because this could ease their efforts of deriving the legislative’s intent behind the statute. In cases where the legislative intent is apparent from the statute language, the judges have a duty to apply the laws on its face without using case law to determine the purpose and intent of the statute. Conversely, ...

History:

The Reconstruction era and the settlement of the West were two of the most defining events in American history. These are the formative years when the United States experienced tremendous changes in its political, social and economic conditions. The Reconstruction period affected much of the Southern part of the United States, especially those that concerned the African-Americans and their newly acquired freedom. On the other hand, the settlement of the West, despite contributing much to the improvement of the economy, brought the unavoidable conflict between the government and the Native Americans.

THE RECONSTRUCTION PERIOD

The Reconstruction period started in 1865 until 1867. ...

Introduction

Racial profiling has been a national problem for America for a long time despite claims that the nation has passed that era. Racial profiling occurs every day everywhere across America when people of color are targeted by private security and law enforcement for frightening detentions, searches and interrogations without evidence that they are criminals. The detentions, searches and interrogations are usually based on perceived race, ethnicity, national origin or religion. Race and location are dominant characteristics that authorities look at when engaging in this type of profiling. This paper will give an understanding of racial profiling, the legislations and case laws ...

A case brief of Bush v. Gore (2000) The case of George W. Bush, et al v. Albert Gore, Jr., et al (531 U. S. 98, 121 S. Ct. 525), familiar as Bush v. Gore was a disputable one, and was heard on December 11, 2000. The case determined the results of the presidential election in 2000. By court’s order (7-2), the ballot recount that was conducted in certain counties in Florida, was stopped due to the absence of approved standards. The Court declared (in 5 – 2 vote) that there was no sufficient time for establishment of new ...

In the 100 years between the end of the Civil War and the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, African Americans continued to experience the violence and racism that they had endured as slaves. This racism was not only social and political separation, but also legal separation. The legal segregation was codified into law so that African Americans were denied equal access to service and opportunities such as housing, medical care, education, employment, transportation, and entertainment. Because this separation was established in state and local laws, any resistance by African Americans resulted in arrest and prosecution. However, ...

Section I. Circle the letter of the most appropriate answer. 1. In Griswold v. Connecticut the Supreme Court found that Connecticut’s statute, which banned contraceptives, violated a freedom expressly protected by which of the first ten amendments of the Constitution of the United States: a. The First Amendment. b. The Fifth Amendment. c. The Fourth Amendment. d. None of the above. 2. “Substantive due process” refers to those procedures: a. that are expressly enumerated within the four corners of the United States Constitution. b. that are not expressly enumerated by the ...

The constitution of the United States has been amended several times. In fact, it has been changed 27 times in order to revise and correct the original one so as to apply new provisions for the benefit of the general public. One of the constitution’s amendments is the 14th Amendment, which is included in the Reconstruction Amendments that happened after the Civil War. In this study we discussed that the 14th Amendment originated from the country’s history along with the reasons why it has been added to the constitution. Thus, this amendment provides several purposes as to ...

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English [Number]

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The concept of abortion as a deliberate termination of pregnancy, not as the spontaneous event called miscarriage, is tenuous to define because such definition varies according to its contexts, be it legal, bioethical, religious, or even cultural. In the legal aspect there are issues on rights, quasi-rights, personhood, and potentiality (International Encyclopedia of Philosophy 2, 4-5). In the moral (as well as bioethical and religious) side (3-4), there is moral right, “at birth” notion of the human person, viability, “first movement” argument, consciousness and ability to feel pain, and unicellular zygote as the ...

A Medical Malpractice Opinion

Citation McCall v. United States, No. SC11-1148 (Fla. March 13, 2014). Facts On February 21, 2006, Michelle McCall, who was six months pregnant, was diagnosed with preeclampsia. Her doctor’s, who were all U.S. Air Force employees, determined that it would be best to immediately induce labor in order to save the child. On February 23, Ms. McCall delivered a healthy baby boy, however during the delivery she had lost a lot of blood. In a follow-up operation on Ms. McCall to repair some damage that had been done during delivery, her medical staff failed to properly monitor her ...

Introduction

The Warren Court (1953-1968) saw a number of substantive changes in the area of individual rights and due process. Cases such as Miranda v Arizona and Griswold v Connecticut have enlarged the scope particularly of the Equal Protection Clause interpreted under the Warren Court. Before the dispensation of Chief Justice Earl Warren, the “reasonable basis test” was utilized for categorizing that do not involve racial or nationality factors, and the prior version did not view the importance of the state objective (National Paralegal College, 2007, p. 1). Prior to the Miranda decision, the holding was that statements taken during ...

The fourteenth amendment of the United States Constitution safeguards the right of the people for equal recognition and protection under the law. Specifically, the 14th Amendment states,“no State shall make or enforce any law that shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.” However, this particular provision had been open to interpretation for such a long time. Thus, cases like Plessy vs. Fergusson ...

Dandridge V. Williams

Factual Background: The Social Security Act of 1935 implemented the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program, which was jointly funded by the state and federal governments. The objective of the program is to grant financial assistance to children who come from indigent families with insufficient or no income. It is the state that will determine the computation of the “standard of need” required for every family. In the state of Maryland, the standard of need had given an increase for each additional member of the family. However, the increment was reduced since there was an upper limitation ...

Introduction

Same sex marriage and its acceptance in the society has been a topic of discussion for long. While the opponents of same-sex marriage argue that it is against nature, the supporters of the institution argue that the very basis of individual freedom of choice is denied by not recognizing this marriage. There are many states in USA including Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Washington, New Jersey and Hawaii that recognize and license same-sex marriages and treat them as equal as heterosexual marriages. On the other hand, there are states including Utah, Michigan, Virginia, Texas and Oklahoma that do not recognize same-sex ...

The federal government of the United States consists of three separate, but equal main branches; judiciary, legislature and executive. The basic duties of the different branches are outlined in the constitution. The judiciary interprets the laws; the legislature makes the laws and the executive enforce the laws. Checks and balances are crucial to any government as they reduce any amount of power anyone can have. Constitutionalism put in place the rule of law which provides that no one is above the law, hence limiting the power of government bodies and leaders. Checks and balances is a mechanism designed in an ...

Criminal Law

Calder (2013) argued that the federal court Judge Shira Scheindlin of Manhattan has declared that the controversial stop-and-frisk practices of the New York Police Department (NYPD) for being unconstitutional since the police force had acted with deliberate indifference against the minorities. As an effect, the act of NYPD in sanctioning those who are apprehended for stop-and-frisk has violated the Constitutional provisions on searches and seizures as guaranteed by the Fourth Amendment. Furthermore, the police was charged for directly targeting minorities and transgressed their rights under the Fourteenth Amendment against equal protections and due process and the Fourth Amendment rights ...

The Constitution of the USA gives states the authority and delegates them the power to conduct elections. However, despite this, there are certain federal requirements that not only shape but also constrain a state’s authority and power to regulate. The main aspect of the Constitution’s electoral regulation is that of protection. It makes sure that the rights of all those citizens who are qualified to vote are protected, in both federal and state-wide elections. Most specifically, Constitutional amendments prohibit: - The denial of the right to vote due to race, color or previous condition of servitude ...

Women Rights Movement was formed to dismantle the gender hierarchy that had been embedded in the American society. The Women Rights Movement was formed to fight for equality in the society such that both men and women would enjoy equal opportunities both at a socio-political point and economically (Dautrich 125). Women were denied their right to work and a law was enacted such that women earned a lower pay compared to the men. These were some of the things that instigated Women Rights Movement in the American society. This paper will examine how courts have progressed from gender classification laws to universal ...

Law

The Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment prohibited the states from treating persons differently based on characteristics such as race, color, age, nationality, ethnicity gender and social standing. This was enunciated in the case decided by the Supreme Court which imposed the same obligation on the federal government under the Fifth Amendment and after the Fourteenth Amendment was ratified. The Fourteenth Amendment allowed racial segregation the case of Plessy v. Ferguson. The Supreme Court decided a law separating races was constitutional provided that the facilities of equal quality were made available to all, whites and blacks. However, this was ...

Abstract

Slavery in the American society was a common practice in the early years after the American revolution. The black slaves were treated as properties of the people who owned them and were used as factors of production for their economic progress. The American constitution was ratified in 1778, but it did not recognize the rights of slaves. However, in the early 1860’s there was an increasing pressure and civil war against slavery had began with states in the northern states against slavery while the southern states supported slavery. Therefore, after the civil war there was a need for amendments that ...

The Bush v. Gore case commenced following the November 2000 elections where George W. Bush was declared the winner. Gore sought for a physical recount of votes in various Florida counties: Nassau, Miami-Dade, and Palm Beach counties. He requested the recount in a trial court in Florida, the Leon County Circuit trial court, relying upon one of its statutes that provided for contesting the election’s outcome. The statute allowed candidates to challenge election results if there were receipts of illegal votes, or rejection cases of legal votes that were significant to change the outcome of an election, or to put ...

America, After the Civil War

Reconstruction and widespread of industrialization Two major turning points happened during the reconstruction and widespread of industrialization period in South America after the Civil war. First, African-Americans or ‘black Americans were freed from slavery under the rule of President Abraham Lincoln. Three senators sponsored the bill proposing to abolish slavery nationwide, Lyman Trumbull of Illinois, Charles Sumner of Massachusetts and John Henderson of Missouri. Second is the fourteenth and fifteenth amendment of the US constitution. After having freed from slavery, the next thing that black Americans do is to work in farms and factories to gain economically ...

In the history of American Law, John Marshall remains one of the most influential chief justices. He was the fourth and longest-serving chief justice in the US Supreme Court from 1801-1835. According to expert commentators, John Marshall was the greatest Supreme Court justice of all time where he dominated the court and played a major role in the evolution of the American constitutional law

The Greatest Supreme Court Justice

John Marshall’s definition on the absolute role of the Court as a coequal branch of the United States government along with his declaration on the rights of the Supreme Court’s judicial review, created an equal ...

Hello President Obama,

Hurricane Harris has just struck our area and we are in a state of emergency but trying to get our lives back in order. Since the storm we have had many families rendered homeless and the education activities in our area have been paralyzed. I understand that the constitution of the United States provided for equal protection for all under the Equal Protection Clause. We have worked hard over the years to make sure that we secure a good life for our children and future generations. However, this natural calamity has completely changed our lives through the massive destruction of property ...

Business

The baptism of the Civil Rights Movement in 1954 was initiated in the case of Brown v. Board when black children were not allowed to admission in the public schools were the white children were enrolled pursuant to the law which required the segregation based on the race of the students. The issue in this case was whether or not the separation of black students from white students in public schools on the basis of race is tantamount to deprive the minority children the equal protection of law in accordance to the Constitution (Brown vs. Board 3). The Supreme ...

Business

Thesis Statement: Same sex couples have the ability to long, lasting and loving intimate relationships just like ordinary couples so they should be given then right to marry since it will not cause any harm to the rest of the community. The first argument is that gay marriages promote equality among same-sex couples. To deny gay marriages will violate the equal protection and due process clause of the Constitution. Marriage is a civil right that should be granted to gay and lesbian couples. Hence, restricting the benefits, protection and obligation of civil marriage only to opposite-sex couples will violate ...

Introduction

In the contemporary world, gay marriage has been an issue that has seen the rise of arguments and controversies in the church today. This issue of gay marriage has been with a lot of debate. Many people have taken different positions on this matter.Most of the reasons that are given against gay marriages do not hold up. To many, it looks awkward to have two people of the same sex to get married. This is the case because Most of the arguments that are against gay marriage are based on religious principles. It is religious institutions that first brought this ...

The decision that the Supreme Court made on May 17, 1954 is considered one of the most one of the most awe-inspiring and impressive decisions that the Supreme Court has ever rendered. The decision also marked a turning point in race relations that have taken place throughout the history of the United States. On one side were those who were in support of a social system on the basis of racial inferiority, and on the other side were those in support of a society that struggles to recognize the archetype of equal opportunity. Since our society is so complex and diverse, it ...

Barbara Frankel from Diversity Inc wrote on her blog that “The California appeals court decision striking down Proposition 8 - the ban on the same-sex marriage - is an important legal and moral victory for marriage-equality supporters including several corporations.” Her comments referred to the decision of the CA 9th Circuit Court of Appeals on “Hollingsworth versus Perry” which declared Proposition 8 illegal sending the lawsuit on its way to the California Supreme Court and then all the way the US Supreme Court. Oral arguments for the case were presented at the US Supreme Court two days during the ...

This paper focuses on the 2009 case on Ricci v. DE Stefano, and the decisions made by the Supreme Court based on the hearings of the case. This case also had a big impact on how employers and employees relate in their work settings. This case’s decision turned out to be a dangerous outcome for employers in terms of testing and hiring of employees. This is in relation with the United States’ anti-discrimination law. This case can be analyzed using two legal theories of civil rights. They include the adverse impact theory and the disparate treatment theory. The two theories ...