Privatization Research Papers Samples For Students

Introduction

A prison is a place where law breakers are confined or interned by concerned authority. Prisons are denied the freedom of movement and free interaction with other people. In many countries, prisons are governed by the government. Nevertheless, increased prisoners population and an attempt to cut costs has led to privatization of some prisons. This has brought about mixed reactions with some parties arguing against the privatization move whilst others arguing in favour of privatization of prisons. Privatization of prisons is an arrangement in which prisoners are confined by third parties which are normally contracted by the ruling government. The ...

Introduction:

In the last few decades there has been a growing trend with regards to the privatization of water supply. This signifies that taking the water-management responsibility from the government and placing it into the hands of private sector. This pattern has created objection from a lot of environmental and human rights organizations that worry that passing water distribution to the private sector will result in nothing, but trouble for everyone concerned (aside from those earning the benefits). Even though there happen to be a couple of challenges within the development of water privatization, the enhancements in quality, supply, and distribution strategies cannot ...

Impact of Privatization induced by Supply Side Economics on Development

After the Second World War, Keynesian theories on Economics developed in the United States and Europe. In the post-war economies, it was believed that development could occur if demand was boosted and more people had money to spend. This is the classical view of Keynesian school of thought in Economics. Thus, idea was to ensure that everyone was employed and everyone had enough money to spend to keep the economy going.
However, the focus of Keynesian economics was focused on demand and said very little about supply. In the 1970s, free market economists like Milton Friedman came up ...

Should prisons be privatized?

Prison privatization is sustained by claims that facilities that are privately operated are cost effective at ensuring the provision of services compared to public institutions. Other evidence show that this assertion is not supported while others do. In addition, when turned into a for-profit industry, a few challenges will accompany incarceration centers. The following points argue for and against prison privatization
Fiscal savings through cost containment: People who support private prisons assert that the private sector is saving the available resources through great efficiencies.
Safety and services: Advocates claim that prison privatization has been successful in other industries with ...

We all know how hard it is for government and state correction authorities to manage a prison, especially if it has a lot of prisoners inside. Although the people inside these prisons could be branded as criminals, they are still individuals who have rights. This is why as much as possible; Prison policies are required not to violate any part of Human Rights (Essex, 2009). The purpose of this paper is to address some questions about prison privatization, whether it would be a beneficial thing to do or not and its impact in case it will be implemented.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Prison Privatization

One of the purposes ...

The Reasons Schools Contract Out their Services to Private Companies

The use of contracting services out to specialized service providers is increasing in school districts nationwide. Two of the most frequent areas where this practice occurs are in the custodial and transportation areas. The primary reason that this subcontracting of services is initialed is to save money. Many districts are struggling financially and service providers tout a huge savings while saving the school district’s administrative and other headaches in the process.
Relieving some of the headaches from administrators might sound well and good, but in truth, however, that in some cases, the subcontracting of services does save school ...

A Research

Airport Management and Improving Efficiency

Airports are like gateways of the modern world. The aviation industry has contributed in bringing the world together and enabling globalization to be effective in a major way. It is through the airplanes that people could travel long distances between countries quickly and with improved safety. Airports are where the airplane reaches and the passengers get down to get going to each of their works- either business or pleasure.

With the extent to which the air travel has expanded, it has resulted in the airports to become large and have to handle huge volumes of ...

A free market economy is said to be free because market forces of demand and supply control it. There is little or no government intervention at all levels of the economy. Therefore, the equilibrium price of goods and service market is a mutually agreed price between the sellers and the buyers. The state doesn’t intervene by offering subsidies, imposing taxes or through any form of regulation. The free market is an ideal one that cannot exist in the real world. However, governments can deliberately reduce their influence in the market to shift from a command economy towards the ...

Unions’ Response to Neoliberal Globalization

The Unions’ responses to neoliberal globalization have not been positive. This has been evident from their poor performance over the last decade. The concept entails a set of policies that guides the global operations of business organizations. Specifically, they entail the regulations as to the labor costs incurred businesses to ensure employee social growth. The main aim of introducing the neoliberal globalization was restore profitability of the firms as well as economic restructuring over the radicalization period. Additionally, they were related to the labor policies whose main goal was to make the trade unions weak and ineffective. The effect ...

Introduction

Neoliberalism is a form of economic liberalism that offers support on free trade, deregulation, privatisation and reduction in government spending with the aim of enhancing the role of private sector in the economy. Privatization focuses on transferring the control of a given economy from public sector to the private sector. The policy does this with the aim of enhancing efficiency of the government, economic growth and development of the nation (Harvey, 2005).
It is also an economic policy that focuses on monitoring the flow of the market economy thus playing a role in intensifying and expanding the market. It does this ...

Analysis of Energy Sufficiency, Sustainability and Conflicts of US Forests

Abstract
The focus of the paper is to analyze the economics of US forests. In particular, the paper analyses the energy sufficiency, sustainability, as well as potential conflicts regarding this essential us natural resource. Concerning forest sustainability, the paper will consider issues such as how the US can use and retain forests to meet different human needs, how it can preserve and promote healthy forests, and how the country can make ethical choices concerning forests. Key findings in the paper reveal that although the United States has shown some efforts in creating sustainability concerning forests, there is still much ...

In a neoliberal, globalized world, no country can exist on its ‘own’. In some way or the other every country is interlinked with the rest of the world be it its economy, its culture or politics. Neoliberalism, technology and increased globalization has transformed countries in a manner that was rapid and unprecedented. While some countries adapted themselves to the new ways of trading and conducting relations with other countries, some did not, resulting in the breakdown of their economies as well as their traditional systems of governance and living. The neoliberal policies originated in the developed countries of America ...

(Course/Major)
(Professor/Instructor)

Abstract

Overcrowding and scarce resources are among the most persistent problems besetting the correctional industry across the world. One approach being considered is privatizing prisons so governments can redirect resources to other areas in the society. The paper seeks to discuss this approach and establish the utility of such a practice.

Prison Privatization: Global Trends

Handing over operations of prison facilities to the private sector is a disturbing trend that is slowly becoming more and more commonplace as nations are aggressively looking for ways to reduce their spending. Though private sector businesses are recognized for being strict in adhering to efficient operations, and ...

Ne Neoliberalism refers to politically motivated ideologies that allowed shifting of economic factors from the public sector to the private sector. According to these ideologies, a government encourages private investors through a series of policies and changes in the market structure. For instance, governments initiated tax reforms in broadening of the tax base, reduced deficit spending, imposed limitation on subsidies, withdrawal of fixed exchange regime, and encouraged privatization. Neoliberalism in the Middle East and Egypt had a significant impact on the socioeconomic and political perspective. Neoliberalism in Egypt ensured free market and private enterprises regardless of socially harmful inflicted on the society ( ...

What is Neoliberalism?

Neo-liberalism has always been liked to “privatization,” “deregulation,” “decentralization,” or “tax reform.” The famous definition of neo-liberalism is by Paul Treanor who defined it under the book “Neoliberalism: Origins, Theory, Definition” as:
“a philosophy valuing the market existence and operation as it is, distinct from any of its previous links with the production of goods and services . . . and where the market and similar structure’s mechanics are seen as normative by itself, enabling the related actors to be ethical and responsible in their human actions and replacing for all the pre-existing moral beliefs (Fish, p. 1).”
Interestingly, neoliberalists ...

Russian and Cuban Communism

Communism is a political and social movement that aims for a classless state where the means of production is owned jointly by the society. The government is the overall owner of the means of production and ensures the masses share in the distribution of wealth. The communist movement has been prevalent in countries like the USSR. The application varies though in various countries. Russian Communism is better than Cuban Communism because limited political pluralism exists in Russia. The political pluralism though limited in Russia can lead to further reforms in the future where the people will elect the political party that ...

Social Security and Social Insurance Research of Chile

This study is dedicated to overview of the social security and social insurance system of Chile. This country performed transition to personal accounts system and social security privatization over 30 years ago. Many researches consider this reform as a big success, because it made the country economy stronger, financial system healthier and provided more protection to the taxpayers. But there’re also some serious issues in the social security system.
- Social Security Expenditures: A historical perspective and a graph for it.
Chile was one of the pioneer countries in the Western hemisphere that introduced state social security coverage. ...

Introduction

Between late 1980’s and early 1990, low income developing countries especially African countries had a rough time. Due to several years of mismanagement, various economies were on the verge of collapsing and worse still, these countries had huge debts. So as the governments of these countries struggled to rebuild and restructure, their per capita income could not allow them, thus they stagnated. There was need to bring these developing countries from this status of stagnation to economic recovery and growth. So, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank came up with measures that would help the third world ...

Abstract

Introduction
According to Thomas (2005), the crime rate in 2003 was almost the same as it was in 1973, but the number of people in prisons grew sevenfold. This is a real public policy puzzle because if the number of offenders did not change over the period, it would be appropriate to question the cause of the number of inmates to rise from 300,000 to nearly 2.3 million. The increase media attention in the late 1980s and early 1990s of high profile cases, and law and order demagoguery by politicians all played a part, of course. Nevertheless, the main ...

1. Introduction
The changes occurred in the recent century as a result of globalization has in fact influenced the policy making ways and considerations. This has complicated the aspects of decision making particularly regarding policy matters and is true even in the case of domestic policies. Though nation states still hold control over domestic policy making process they need to verify whether the policy structures and priorities are complementing international policies and associated factors. Such compliance with international policies and legal structures are in fact essential to shape domestic policies that are implementable and enforceable. There are international agencies ...

The purpose of this research paper is to determine what the term neo liberalism means and the impact of neo liberalism in the modern day political economic and social agenda. This paper will assess the impact of neo liberalism in the United States of America as well as in any other country where global capitalism is in effect. It will provide an account of neo liberalism as a set of concepts and principles. The paper will seek explain how the various sets of principle that are part and parcel of the neo liberalism are being implemented by governments. It will ...

Abstract

Trade patterns and foreign investments volume has increased dramatically as a result of improved economic conditions, legislation reforms and privatization efforts in Argentina especially after the crisis of 2001. Subsequent to Brazil, the US and China embody the most significant trade partner for Argentina. China happens to be a big market for Soy beans and Argentina the largest exporter. There are enormous prospect in separate industries as well as food, automotive, mining, chemicals, petroleum and natural gas, and services. This paper will try to outline trade in Argentina while proving the thesis that Argentina experienced trade surplus in different parts of ...

Both China and the USA are some of the biggest contributors to the global market. Both economies produce large quantities of good that are shipped globally. Since bulk production requires a lot of labor, and the prevailing poverty rates among the citizens, children start to work in the dangerous environments of the labor market. The safety and workers right as well as the employment standards are irrelevant when it comes to the means of eking a living. Consequently, children have joined the labor market to eke a living, denying themselves an opportunity to pursue education and develop a higher ...

Tax is one of the formal monetary obligations for any person living under certain country or jurisdiction. Tax is usually a compulsory contribution to the government that is imposed to fulfil in the common interest of all people in the country for the purpose of defraying the expenses incurred out to the public functions. In most cases taxes are imposed for the intention of regulations, without references or guarantee to the special benefits.
One of the most fundamental descriptions of tax is that it is discriminatory in nature where people are taxed according to their income; those who earn ...

Establishment of BRICS was one of the most significant political events of the beginning of the XXI century. BRICS is a group of five fast-developing countries: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The organization was founded in June 2006 during the St. Petersburg`s Economic Forum with the participation of the Ministers of Economy of Brazil, Russia, India and China.
Before the inclusion of South Africa in 2010, the organization was known as BRIC. For the first time the acronym BRIC was proposed by Jim O'Neill Goldman Sachs`s Bank analyst in November 2001. The sequence of letters ...

Colonization is the process whereby one powerful country invades and takes control of another foreign territory. The occupying country, then subjects the inhabitants of the captured territory and places them under its dominion. They can as well get treated as slaves working under very tough conditions with limited or no pay at all. The colonizers on the other hand freely utilize and extract resources with no restriction.

The German empire

In the late 19th century Germany was a growing industrial and economic power. By that time, they had made massive gains in their processing and manufacturing industries. As a result, the country’ ...

Religion has been seen as disempowered and in decrease in the cutting edge world, its implications no more applicable inside the overwhelming mainstream perspective and institutional temples losing control of social life to common bodies (i.e., secularization, privatization). However religion (or secularization) may not be so static or bound together a marvel as awhile ago thought (this may be an outcome of advanced Western inclination, as, for instance, Talal Asad contends; of the (liberal) separation of social order, dividing the religious and the common, characterizing the previous as bound together conventions concerned with profound, private convictions, not handy, open issues). ...

Over the years, the number of prisoners has increased in the United States calling for more prisons to accommodate the prisoners. Due to this increase, the state found it beneficial for the establishment of for-profit prison companies which own private prisons what will help to lock more prisoners due to the great numbers. A private prison also known as for profit prison is a penitentiary or jail where inmates are confined by a third party that has been contracted by the state. The state is obliged to pay a certain amount of money on a monthly rate for each prisoner in the private ...

Introduction

It is the role of the government to establish regulations guiding business principles and strategic management. When the government imposes these regulations businesses adapt by changing their operations and processes. Time and again the government keeps changing its frameworks forcing businesses to adjust on their operations. The effects are determined by the levels of profitability and competitiveness of businesses. Business owners are obliged to adhere to government rules and regulations by implementing polices aimed at achieving the government objective.
When the government raises its expenditure, for example, it injects income into the public. This creates investment opportunities or ...

Introduction

Business establishment in Australia just as in any other part of the world has regulatory standards and measures that have to be adhered to. The regulations and legislation are meant to ensure fair competition, sufficient protection for the participating parties and maintenance of integrity in the market. Business regulatory requirements in Australia are determined by the Australian government, State and respective territory government agencies. It is very necessary for the public good and ensuring sanity in business. Legislation and regulatory measures are critical for the establishment and operation of airports. It is a state corporation and, therefore, the Australian government ...

IMF

International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Introduction
The international monetary fund (IMF) was initiated in 1944 during the Bretton Woods Conference and formally created in 1945 with a membership of 29 countries. The main IMF goal was stated as to assist in the reconstruction of the world’s international payment system post the Second World War. Countries contributed money and put it in a pool through a quota system from where countries which had an imbalance in trade could borrow. Ever since the membership of the IMF has grown to 188 countries of the world and the main goal changed to fostering ...

Over the past 10, 000 years, human race has developed under impetuous of applied genetics. Humankind is gaining increasing understanding in heredity variation among living things, the science of genetics. This raises various issues in terms of science and technology that spring from genetics, and potential impacts advancing from such inventions. These are the most progressing areas of the knowledge of humankind in today’s world. There has been genetic modification of plants to make them resilient, profitable and nutritious. This is achieved through genetic engineering, where organisms are manipulated to produce desired trait like drought tolerance or higher ...

INADEQUATE INFRASTRUCTURE IN VIETNAM

As Vietnam becomes prosperous, it has to face the challenges that are associated with development; adapting its infrastructure policies and institutions. As in all developing economies across the world, Vietnam too has its share of fulfilling the aspirations of its people in mobilizing finance to create a strong and sound middle-class through urbanization, developing the existing efficiency of infrastructure service providers, and developing stronger institutions to encourage private finance of infrastructure and alleviating poverty. The biggest challenge remains mobilizing funds to address these concerns (Power Strategy).
Like china and India, Vietnam too has become a hotspot for businesses. The flow of ...

Analysis of the Agency’s Policies, Procedures and Plans

The Administration for Children and Families (AFC) in the United States which falls under the Department of Health and Human Services has the responsibility of the common welfare as well as the financial well being of individuals, families, children and communities. Among its objectives, is to advance the health and wealth of families and children by providing resources, partnership and leadership for effective transfer of human services. It therefore aims at advancing hope and opportunities for persons in need of personal and social services.

In recent years quite a number of national labor unions have increased their efforts to systematize ...

Introduction

Over the past four decades, many countries have faced many obstacles in their efforts to build and restore democracy. Turkey is one country that has seen a transition to democracy. When protests broke out in many Arab countries such as Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Yemen and Syria, there have been comparisons that are been made with reference to Turkey. There have been questions such as; could these countries make a transition to democracy by applying the Turkish model? What this means is that Turkey is already considered as a model for democracy. While developed countries such as the United States, Western European Nations ...

In The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism (2010), Naomi Klein found numerous examples of how the United States imposed a system of free trade, free markets and laissez faire capitalism on the rest of the world over the past forty years, through manufacturing crises to impose ‘shock treatments’ and structural adjustments on Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Latin America and Eastern Europe, or simply taking proper advantage of a crisis that was already underway. She calls the many “orchestrated raids on the public sphere in the wake of catastrophic events, combined with the treatment of disasters as exciting market ...

Based on the economic state of affairs in Greece, the Greek government in collaboration with international economic organizations, especially the International Monetary Fund (IMF), is in the verge of implementing various structural revenue-side and spending-side economic reforms. Besides, the government, alongside IMF strongly advocate for the mass privatization program to help open investment opportunities, increase level of funds and to boost the country’s growth potential. The IMF is a financial institution recognized internationally for its promotion of exchange rate and monetary stabilization. Specifically, the International Monetary Fund has advocated for the following to help stabilize Greece exchange rate and ...