Essays on Attribution Theory

<Course>

Changing behaviors and attitudes in a short period of time is quite common. However, the reasons behind this vary from person to person. Personally, I have experienced this situation, which is explained much by my perception. An example of my shift in behavior can be best explained by the attribution theory. According to Martinko, “attribution theory concerns people’s causal explanations for events” (as cited in Martinko 8). I believe this is exactly what I experienced. One day, I was very upset with the result of my exams in Math. I went home without any interest to ...

Organizational behavior entails research on individuals within an organizational setting. Such research is crucial for the effective management of organizational structures and requires particular focus on the behavioral traits of individuals while alone (private individuals) as well as in the context of interpersonal relationships such as observed in behavior of individuals while working with others in a professional environment as a team or a group (Sing). Studies on organizational behavior aim at actuating an understanding of the factors influencing groups and individual dynamics within organizational settings for better efficiency and effectiveness of these groups and the overarching organizational structure ...

Impacts of Outsourcing Internal Audit Fuction Author NameInstitution Name

Abstract This research finds out the effects outsourcing internal audit and extent of external auditors’ dependence on the work done by the internal audit team. We explore if outsourcing the internal audit function affects reliability on internal audit job already done and the use of assistant’s position for internal audit. We determine if internal audit outsourcing, the role of internal audit in systems consulting, affects external auditors’ dependence on internal audit. Results show that involvement in consultancy activities relating to the financial reporting system affects the extent of reliance on the work of the internal audit. When internal ...

Article 1 Attachment Theory and Adult Relationships

A-Compare and contrast this research to prior studies as described in the article. That is, according to the researchers, what makes this study unique?

Unlike other studies, this research involved testing series of theoretical predictors connecting attachments working models and their effectiveness. Specific types of caregiving of dating partners display at a stressful conflict resolution time were given a priority (Simpson et al., 2007). Upon admission, each partner had to complete an adult interview attachment after which they were video-taped during the process of their problem solving. The authors’ coordination and arrangement of every event that led to the broader ...

The attribution theory examines how a person uses the information to come into a conclusion regarding a certain event. It suggests that people use the information at their disposal in a social scene to deduce an explanation of a social occurrence. It is a theory developed by psychologists in a bid to understand how individuals in society perceive certain occurrences (Martinko10). The individuals use the accessible information to understand and explain an occurrence. When people from different social setting interact in the same social set up, there are forces that pull them together. Their ideas and explanations to different happenings and events are shaped in a similar ...

Introduction

Learned helplessness is one of the phenomena thought to be relevant in understanding depression in humans. Depression is believed to be a reaction learned by a person from events known to be stressful, but inescapable at the same time. Although the “learned helplessness” theory does not completely explain human depression, it is essential for understanding the reasons behind the feelings of depressed individuals such as being helpless and hopeless. Also, the theory explains the loss of sense of personal control over life events of many individuals. Thus, enhancing the sense of personal control may improve the situation of individuals that had ...

Business Ethics 2

Q1. Differentiate the concepts of morality and social ethics. Morality: Morals and values have become, or it has created the spine of today’s modern society, every individual’s conscience and religion, and morality refers to the code of conduct, which is adopted within an environment, a set of rules which directs an individual towards right or wrong (Padilla, 2004). For example murder is a crime, it is immoral, but murder in a battlefield is ethical or permissible. Social Ethics: Social ethics are moral principles that one way or the other shows the collective knowledge, practice or experience and culture ...

Introduction

In “Willie’s Way: 6 Secrets for Wooing, Wowing, and Winning Customers”, Philip Van Hooser discussed six secrets of persuading and drawing the interest and loyalty of customers. Van Hooser based these secrets on his interaction with Willie Watson, a taxi driver that drove him from the airport once. Van Hooser was impressed by Willie’s service and considered it as a standard that service professionals should follow. Since Van Hooser discussed six secrets or guidelines in persuading and satisfying customers, the following discussion will be divided into these six. Each ‘secret’ will be discussed thoroughly and will consequently be linked ...

Business

Introduction: When Money is not a motivating force in the workplace Today's management theory is a mere result of the interdisciplinary efforts of numerous people in that Civilization seems to be the creation of folks who originated before modern people. That said, the growth of current management thinking begins within the nineteenth century while it succeeded during the twentieth century. The twentieth century has perceived an uprising in management theory ranging from classical theory to the Japanese administration approach and the like. Management thinking, however, was slow to evolve during the century. There was a necessity to define what management ...

1) Clayton E. Tucker-Ladd’s “Psychological Self-Help” is a web-based book that analyses aspects involved in self improvement. This book provides the reader with several ideas/ premises which may be applied in life. The first premise is that in solving a problem, one should aim at developing a system that can be applied to analyze a problem and divide it into manageable parts. He also asserts that to accomplish goals, one should consider what they value most and want to achieve (Covey, 1992; Tucker-Ladd, 2004). This book is not based on few premises but many far reaching and interweaving ones. The main ...

Corporal punishment has been practiced in human society since the civilizations of the ancient world, but corporal punishment is not an effective long-term strategy for modifying human behavior because it can cause developmental issues and behavioral issues in all stages of lifespan development. Corporal punishment is a significant issue for children and adolescents because they are mainly the targets of physical abuse at home or in school under the assumption that it will result in reducing misbehavior. Three types of corporal punishment include parental corporal punishment, school corporal punishment, and judicial corporal punishment. Other than the death penalty, judicial ...

Attribution theory believes that people find explanations behind a person’s behavior. According to Fritz Heider, the father of attribution theory, these attributions could be internal which have to do with the person’s attitude, character or personality, or external wherein the behavior is influenced by the situation (qtd. in “Attribution Theory”). In the movie Shrek released in 2001, Shrek concluded upon meeting Donkey for the first time that the ass talked a lot because it was his personality. Similarly, in the scene where Shrek admitted to Donkey that the reason why he wanted to be alone was because of the ...

Answer to Question

Introduction Social interaction is apparent in almost all aspects of daily living, whether a teacher talking to his students or a car salesman selling the latest car model to an eager client. Within this interaction people makes a good realization of another person’s personality and how the other person perceive the other’s personality through interpersonal perception. The concepts of attribution theory, interpersonal perception relates to the tenets of social psychology (Krauss, 2008). The application of interpersonal perception to daily social interaction considers how people understand the world for what it is, but responds to the cues that defines the ...

Management Organizations: Managing Healthcare in Multicultural Organizations

Introduction The provision of quality healthcare is an integral part in the management of all progressive societies. The existence of multicultural societies presents a big challenge in the provision of equitable healthcare. Culture is a complex aspect of life which incorporates language, sexual orientation, socio/professional status, gender, socio/economic status, race among other factors. These cultural aspects are intertwined with healthcare needs such as varied prevalence of certain diseases among certain cultures and cultural influences on dieting and nutrition among others (Muller & Haase, 1994). Healthcare management theories which healthcare managers can apply in the management of multicultural healthcare are attribution theory, ...

1. Information is becoming a source of political power in organization since the ability to acquire and use specific information could affect decision-making and steer organizations in a particular direction. The most extreme form of information ownership is information feudalism, which implies that managers are in complete control of information and release it only if they believe it is appropriate. Although this strategy could be helpful for the units that possess the most information, in general it jeopardizes cross-fertilization and cross-unit collaboration. Moreover, information feudalism makes it hard for other units to obtain the required information. The situation becomes especially dangerous ...

Arguably, leadership and being a leader are two concepts that are very important in every organization. It does not only entail experience, but also personal attributes that are either induced or natural. The progress of every organization in the world best depend on the type of leadership used, as well as the type of leader. In order to elaborate of how leadership works, there are various theories that have been constituted. In this case, leadership entails the use of various Strategies as well as ethical practices. Moreover, there are models of leadership that are applied in executing leadership, and leaders ...

Attribution is a causal justification of an event or an action. The process of attribution is usually automatic and often subconscious (Borkowski, 2007). Attribution theory was first proposed by Fritz Heider and describes the way people perceive reasons for their behaviour in response to a particular environmental condition (Martinko, 2004). Although the theory is related to the concept of motivation, it does not describe the objectives of behaviour but its underlying reasons. Weiner tried to connect attribution theory to the achievement theory, claiming that people seek accomplishments and try to avoid failures according to their perceived causes of a particular outcome (Hollyforde ...