Essays on Behavior Change

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Clinical Question What would be the effect of competitive food and beverage (CF&B) policies on student weight outcomes in comparison to the students who have not followed the CF&B policies and those who have followed some other policy according to which some of the competitive foods are available to students?

How the clinical question indicates the type of study that will be done (quasi-experimental vs. experimental)?

This clinical question is showing the comparison of two groups. One comparison is that of the students following CF&B policies with the students who have not followed these policies. Second comparison is that of the students following CF&B policies with the students who have following some ...

Learning allows our brains to record and preserve beneficial behaviors and know how to avoid harmful ones. The consequences of the experiences we have or observe are stored in our memory as knowledge to influence our future behavior. The paper explores behavior change through a focus on the learning theories; classical and operant conditioning.

Operant Conditioning

It is a form of learning in which the response to a voluntary behavior influences whether or not the behavior will recur; this occurs through the use of reinforcements and punishment. Following the experiments of B. F. Skinner, we can conclude that a person or ...

Introduction

The jewelry manufacturing and sales industry has been posting exponential growth rates in the past years. A lot of companies that operate in this industry have likewise exhibited significant upward growth rates. One of those companies is Pandora. Pandora is a Danish multinational corporation whose core business involves the manufacture and retail of jewelries. The company was founded in 1982 by Per Enevoldsen. The company was, at that time, engaged in small scale jewelry importation. It imported pre-manufactured jewelries from Thailand and sold it to its customers for a profit. Enevoldsen, upon seeing that there is a great potential ...

DISSERTATION

Abstract Background The communication is very important for the individuals to get persuasion from others. From daily routines to life decisions as well as buying behaviors of the people are directly influenced by their communication with others. However, in the 21st century, the communication and interaction are more directed by the computer systems and the persuasion become digital (Garcia-Betances et al. 2015). Therefore, the persuasive technology becomes subject to study in this modern world. The information technology is not limited, but it has expanded in the everyday routine of individual from their activities to health fitness. For illustration, the ...

Response to Daryle Ryan

I agree with Ryan when he says that the best approach to helping drug offenders to reform is not locking them up in large institutions but rather in small units. For, when in small facilities, they are more likely to get individualized attention and supervision from the prison officers. This way, their rehabilitation process will be hastened and hence they will also feel that there is concern about their reentry back into the society. Hence, as Schmalleger (2016) notes, there has to be a change in management and administration of these institutions if the inmates are to stand a ...

One of the branches of health that has been gaining attention in the recent years is health policy. It is defined as a science which deals with the decision-making, planning, and implementing of specific interventions and strategies that aim to achieve a certain healthcare goal within a community (World Health Organization, 2016). In line with the different goals of health policy is the term health policy advocacy. Health policy advocacies act as the support and the act of persuading or pleading to another person. As a whole, health policy advocacy generally refers to the act of channeling the issues ...

Introduction

Globally, an alarming increased rate of diabetes diagnosis has been reported with over 380 million diabetic cases reported in 2015. Diabetes has been found to cause death, stroke, amputations, or kidney failure. The increased rate of this global epidemic has been fueled by urbanization and lifestyle. It is projected that by 2030, over 600 million people will be suffering from diabetes (Henderson & Barry, 2014). Based on the findings of the American Diabetes Association that examined the cost of diabetes treatment released in 2013, an estimated total cost of the diagnosed diabetes rose to $245 billion in 2012 compared to $ ...

Literature Review

The literature review was conducted in relevant academic journals that relate to elementary school-aged obesity. In essence, the review was carried out on home-based interventions, school-based interventions effectiveness, and sustainability of the methods adopted in curtailing obesity.

Obesity Epidemic

Childhood obesity is linked with severe health risks. Primarily, obesity is associated with diabetes mellitus, increased risk of coronary heart disease, orthopedic complications, and more stress on weight-bearing joints, and lastly, it is a cause of pediatric hypertension (CDC, 2016). Moreover, hospital costs associated with the treatment of obesity are dramatically high. Besides, being obese can set back children psychosocial status. In ...

Self-efficacy is a potent and consistent construct that is relevant to performance and motivation. It has been used as a model of motivation in several applied contexts such as in health, education, occupation and other settings. Self-efficacy relates to the individual belief that one can perform a particular task or act in a certain way and exercise control over events (Sawyer, Peters, & Willis, 2013). This means it can be thought of as an aspect of hope or optimism. This is a critical determinant of behavioral change and thus self-efficacy and behavioral control are seen as synonymous constructs. Self-efficacy works ...

Over the years, several problems have emerged in relations to parole management. At some point in time, parole management posed several challenges that people began to think that perhaps it’s something that is relatively impractical; however, intense pressure was laid to law enforcement agencies to come up with programs that could effectively work. Parole is just but a status of a convicted offender being released conditionally from prison before the actual expiry of the incarceration period by a paroling authority (Donald, 2011). Due to this reason, the inmates are thoroughly supervised by the relevant authority; moreover, they are ...

Recommendation Report

Tyrone T. Lewis Abstract Environmental pollution is a growing and enduring concern in New York City. Environmental pollution takes different dimensions. However, air pollution is particularly concerning with statistics from reputable bodies attributing it to premature deaths due to complications from respiratory diseases. Partnerships between the city authorities and community and volunteer groups have seen the implementation of programs and initiatives aimed at reducing the environmental pollution in the city. However, many of these programs are not sustainable because they fail to address the human aspect as a contributor to environmental pollution, and also as a resource towards the ...

Most of the issues affecting the societal values and norms are triggered by the fact that, the influential controversies constantly increase. As such, the ethical dilemmas are observed based on the boundaries that are created concerning the factors and rights of specific approaches. This paper covers a discussion on the narrative of a real experience I have had in the workplace and an analysis of the narrative based on the key concepts selected.

Real Experience

In the workplace, I have had and experienced several acts from my employer that counter relates to the organizational communication. For example, since the theory critically ...

Over the last few decades, the level of economic inequality has significantly increased, especially in the OECD countries (John 7). Essentially, the top earning population has acquired a large share of the overall gains in income. Fundamentally, there has been an increasing consensus that major assessment on the level of economic performance should not be based solely on income growth, but the distribution of income. Such assessments are highly concerned with the level of both economic and income inequality. Economic inequality measurements have numerous dimensions, and economists view it in terms of monetary assessments related to incomes for individual ...

Theorist: Albert Bandura Observational Learning Theory

Introduction A Theorist Life, Family, Education, and Work He was born on December 4, 1945, in Mundare, Alberta, Canada, and the youngest and the only boy among the six siblings with a father (a trans-Canada railroad worker) from Poland and a mother (a town’s general store worker) from Ukraine. Albert Bandura has learned three foreign languages, Russian, Polish, and German with the help of his father. The family had no formal education, but they have shown a high importance and value on educational attainment. The entire family had worked hard together, celebrated a happy life, and created a ...

Background: The rising prevalence of obesity in children is a serious public health concern. Obesity is like a silent killer, and can predispose the child to a number of lifelong disabilities and chronic diseases. Obesity is negatively linked to life span. A child with obesity has higher amount of adipose tissue deposition, when compared to a normal weight child. The excess calorie that is not utilized for work or growth, is deposited in the form of adipose tissue and stored in the body. Adipose tissues are made of adipocytes or other called fat containing cells. Obesity occurs from factors ...

HIV screening is a procedure that many countries have adopted the world over in a bid to get the necessary statistics to ensure effective detection and treatment of the virus. However, Mandatory HIV screenings is a radical measure that raises various moral and legal questions with regard to the need to protect the society and the duty to respect individual rights. There are various moral arguments that are aimed at supporting mandatory HIV screenings including paternalism, prevention of vertical transmission, and facilitation of behavior change.

Prevention of Vertical Transmission of the Virus

Mandatory HIV screenings during prenatal care are essential because they help to prevent the ...

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Introduction

No one could have anticipated the scope of integration and pervasiveness of the internet in contemporary societies. Since its inception, the internet has undergone unprecedented growth in its reach and applications to become a staple in various sectors of the economy. A key technological revolution that accompanied its development was the emergence of social media as a primary platform for communication. Social media refers to web-based tools and services aimed at fostering community development through information sharing (Tarantino, McDonough, & Hua, 2013). They include blogs, wikis, sharing tools, networking platforms, media (e.g. video, audio, photo, and text), ...

Nutrition App Review: Lose It!

This paper is made up of three parts. The first part is an introduction of my Basic Metabolic Rate and Caloric Intake. The second part is the review of the application chosen. The app is then identified, described and these descriptions are expounded. The third and last part includes justification as to how nutrition apps such as this one helps the end user. As a 23 year old male weighing 60 kilograms at around 180 centimetres, I computed my Basic Metabolic Rate and Caloric intake by multiplying my weight in pounds (132) by 17 (calories per pound for strenuously ...

McKenzie-Mohr, D., & Schultz, P. W. (2014). Choosing effective behavior change tools. Social Marketing Quarterly, 20(1), 35-46.

Summary

The paper presents that most of the tools that healthcare professionals need to utilize in improving performance derive from the community-based social marketing (CBSM) approach (McKenzie-Mohr & Schultz, 2014). That approach involves five steps for consideration to improve the level of effectiveness. The process begins with the selection of the behaviors that the program will target. The objective is to select those that present a high impact to increase the probability of adoption. The next step is the identification of barriers and benefits ...

Transtheoretical model of nursing in Obesity Management

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Introduction

Health promotion and nursing theories are strategically proposed to make people and health practitioners aware of managing and controlling different health related conditions. These approach mostly focus on primary and advanced care of a disease. Nursing theories and models are proposed in an expanded form of care that interferes with the whole environment surrounding an individual and involves a range of social and behavioral interventions. There are various nursing theories and models proposed from time to time to manage the health related issues. In this essay, the Trans Theoretical Model (TTM) based nursing intervention ...

Effectiveness of health promotion methods designed to change lifestyle behavior and improve health and wellbeing in patients with mental health problems

INTRODUCTION

Health promotion is an art of medical science dealing with the study of biological, environmental, psychological, physical and mental research. To reduce premature death, giving the patients information on how to control and change their physiological activities such as the use of safety belts in cars and avoidance of substance abuse such as excessive alcohol. It is managed by a government agency such as Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC). Health promotion plays a significant role in individuals ...

Criminal justice system has been defined as way in which the society tries to ensure social control. Usually there are certain behaviors which are regarded as having the potential to cause some chaos or danger within the society (Siegel 7). In order to prevent these situations there are certain formal procedures that have been put in place to either prevent people from committing those bad behaviors- offense or to deal with those who have already committed the offence. Usually the offenders are taken through a series of decision making after which a decision is made on their punishment or ...