Essays on Federal Governments

Introduction

Riverside County has registered an increase in tobacco use over the previous one decade with the department of public health expressing its grave concerns on its effects to the community. The infamous electronic cigarette is the bond of contention due to its increased use even by the underaged who find it convenient as its symptoms are not easily noted. The adults, however, remain the most affected with most efforts getting futile so far. The smoking issue was marked as critical at the time when the National Institute on Drug Abuse raised the alarm on the increased public smoking habits ...

Introduction

Although all federal systems of government shares a three-level government system, consisting of the federal, state/provincial, and local governments, the functions of these governmental levels, particularly that of the local government, can vary widely as adopted in various federations around the world (Steytler, 2005), such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Germany, and South Africa, and as these government are transforming from the nation state into the market state (Treverton, 2005). Nevertheless, the constitutional allocation of powers to the three government levels plays a crucial role in the similarities and differences of their respective functions (Steytler, ...

Letter of Transmittal

Richard Albert Sylvester Management Consultant Lamplighters Corporation Ottawa K I P 5B5 Phone: 613-563-1509 www.lamplightres.ca The Right Honorable Justin P.J. Trudeau

Office of the Prime Minister

80 Wellington Street

Ottawa, ON K1A 0A2

RE: Project Suitability Report on the Proposed Trans Mountain Expansion Pipeline Project Dear Right Honorable Prime Minister, It is with great pleasure and honor that I submit this report on the suitability of the proposed Trans Mountain Expansion pipeline project. The Trans Mountain Expansion pipeline project proposal by Kinder Morgan aims at increasing the current capacity of the existing Trans Mountain oil pipeline. Currently, the existing infrastructure has a capacity of 300,000 barrels per ...

Instruction:

Heath share of Oregon ACOs The phrase ACO is an acronym for Accountable Care Organization. This term refers to groupings of hospitals, doctors, and other healthcare providers. The involved parties voluntarily come together to give high quality coordinated care to Medicare patients. Essentially, ACOs came up as a result of the poor service delivery in public hospitals. It is worth noting that patients have for a long time complained about the high cost of Medicare. Furthermore, they also experience reduced healthcare delivery that is not flexible to their needs. The legacy system adopts a “one size fits all healthcare ...

Slide 2:

In the modern world today, we face as a global culture the inclination of civil wars and political crises and displacement of peoples. The quote mentioned above refers to the displacement of people due to natural and political disasters. When these disasters transpire, individuals are typically living in sub-standard living conditions. What ends up happening as a result is that people are exposed to living conditions with lower sanitation that were seen many centuries ago. This subjects these populations to diseases that they may have not been subject to previously. In order to combat this epidemic, we have to ...

Part 1

The American Constitution is called a living document for the simple reason that it has existed for far too long than any other document ever drafted to govern any nation in the world. At the same time, it has continued to be the civic cornerstone upon which every other law has been developed, besides it acts as a model for any other emerging or existing democracy in the world (Scaros 17). Since it was penned down, the Constitution has been read and interpreted by many people, including presidents, judges, justices, Congress and even ordinary citizens. Everyone looks up to ...

Private and public payers buy health-care services from health care providers subject to regulations by local, state and federal governments and also by other private regulatory organizations. The private and public regulators, as well as the providers, insures and the government, have important roles in the health-care system in the US. The state and federal governments have judicial, legislative and executive branches. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is the largest administrative department in the US health-care system. Government’s role in the US healthcare system is quite complex and continues to evolve. Coverage of insurance in ...

A group is referred as a vulnerable group when it is at a greater risk for poor health status and health care access. Vulnerable populations can be characterized in terms of diseases, age groups and demographics. They include disabilities, homeless, mental illness and migrant health. A mental illness affects how people think, behave and relate with others (Espejo, 2012). There are different types of mental illnesses depending on the degree of severity such as schizophrenia, depression, personality disorder and anxiety. A mental illness can also be referred as a mental impairment, psychiatric disability or mental disorder.

People living with mental illness are ...

Question one

The Crime Control Model is a justice system that focuses on keeping criminals away from the society so that the innocent feel safe. This model proposes that a criminal conduct should be put under tight control and laws be enforced to the later. According to Cole and Gertz (2003), if laws are not enforced, the innocent will fall prey to invasions as criminals breach the laws, the Crime Control model lays emphasis on the ability of investigators and prosecutors, based on their distinctive skills; to press charges against a suspect.

According to Cole and Gertz (2003) Crime Control Model is conservative in ...

Introduction

In the last seven years the number of Americans who believe that the federal government poses immediate threats to peoples rights and freedom has increased by 16%. According to Gallup polls, the percentage of American who in 2005 believed that the federal government interferes with citizens’ rights and freedom was 30%, but this has since risen to 46%. Only 51% of the Americans believe that the federal governments do not pose threat to their rights and freedom. In fact 66% of republicans, 49% of independents, and 21% of the democrats think that federal government is posing immediate threat to ...

Issues Facing Intergovernmental Relations

The state and the federal government should complement each other. The federal government exercises powers in a semi-autonomous manner, keeping the state government in check; this prevents the country from having an all-powerful central government. However, there are instances when the state and federal governments clash on some issues. There have also been major debates on which matters should be handled by which government. Sometimes the national government has been seen to arm-twist the federal governments into doing things in a certain manner, for example, adopting some legislation. The first major issue is the policies and legislations put in place ...

Other Details

Who is most responsible for the problems facing public schools and institutions of higher learning? An Education system may be defined as a system of learning. In the United States, education is provided by various institutions such as public schools, private schools, colleges and universities. Public schools and colleges are run on funding from the state or federal government (New America Foundation, 2013). Private schools function on independent financing. They determine their own policies and curriculum. Regional accreditation authorities provide accreditation on a voluntary basis (nces.ed.gov). The education system of America has often been the subject of criticism. Increasing ...

Introduction

Over the past decade, drug crimes and drug abuse have garnered a lot of attention. It is estimated that every year about $110 billion is cost to the country through drug related accidental injuries and deaths, health care, criminal behaviors, dependency treatment and so on. Both the state and federal laws prohibit the manufacturing, possession, and the sale of certain controlled substances such as cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, marijuana, and ecstasy. Drug's relation to crimes is through the effects drugs make on the user's behavior by influencing him to commit violence and other illegal action connected to drug trafficking. In 2004, ...

Introduction

The debate on gun control in the US is well-documented in various publications and journals. This has elucidated different views on whether gun control mechanisms should be implemented or not. In general terms, gun control refers to policies and laws that serve in regulating the use, possession, modification, manufacture and sale of firearms. Throughout the world, such policies differ. Whereas countries such as the United Kingdom have strict limits in regard the possession guns, others like the United States of America have less strict rules. Most industrial democracies are less strict to such rules and regulations. In the United ...

Richard Nixon (1913-1994) served as the 37th president of the United States from 1969-1974 when he resigned. An economic climate of high interest rates, large government spending and high inflation shaped President Nixon’s economic policies (Friedman, 16). President Nixon’s economic policies were geared towards making amends for the wrong economic policies that president Johnson had made. President Nixon imposed wage and price freezes by taking advantage of the new authorities. He enacted price and wage controls to reduce inflation and strengthen the economy. He ordered for a 90-day freeze on all process and wages throughout the US ( ...

(Name of your Institution) When the Europeans established contact with the Aboriginals in Canada, they started to make treaties and agreements with the Aboriginal people since they saw an opportunity of expanding their territory. Once European settlement began, the original inhabitants of the land found that the civilization they had developed for themselves faced the threat of extinction. The foreigners had no respect for their culture and lifestyle, and their sole purpose was to modify the land to meet their . Through their treaties, the Europeans had carefully ensured that the Aboriginal people would give up their title ...

As of 2002, the state of New Jersey had a total of 21 counties and 324 municipal governments. Over the years, the New Jersey State government and the federal government have continued to fund most of the projects undertaken by the local governments especially in matters of educational funding. With the government remittances to local governments in New Jersey and in the whole of America in a consistent upward trajectory, questions have emerged whether the State governments and the Federal government can continue to fund the local governments over the long term with regard to education and other essential services (Vo). ...

Introduction

Natural hazards and disasters such as floods, bush fires, typhoons, tornadoes, earthquakes among others have caused immense loss of life (human, animal and even plant life) as well as destruction of property for as long as the world has existed. Advancements in education, science and technology have enabled man to predict the occurrence, prepare and even respond better to natural disasters than was the case several years ago (Srivastava & Lucie, 462). Today, governments have set up special departments such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) housed under the Department of Homeland Security as a special team to build, sustain ...

The Founding Fathers so desired to have the Union without necessarily weakening the states. In that vein, the federalists devised the federal government structure which envisaged three tiers of governance. These are the federal, state and local government. Several centuries down the line, the Union can be reported as being in a more perfect state. Critical issues such racism, drug abuse, economic challenges, healthcare, among others still face the United States of America. It is the resilience of its people and its institutions that keeps the nation moving. In that context, this paper shall canvass one of the most critical ...

United States is one of the many countries that have initiated federalism as a form of government structure. This means that the central government shares its powers and responsibilities with the state governments that govern respective states. The US adopted this government structure in the 18th century but it has kept changing over the course of history (Beer, 1993, 25). This is because there have been conflicts between the state and the national government on various powers and prestige that each government enjoys. This paper seeks to examine the history behind federalism by looking at its influence in American politics ...

Federalism is a type of government where authority is shared among the state governments and the national government. In the USA the constitution allocates particular authority to the two some of which differ while others are similar. The federal authority controls issues of foreign policy with the capability to issue threats, control exports and imports. Another major responsibility allocated to the federal government is the power to print and produce money however some other responsibilities are shared by both the federal government and the state government they include civil rights, business regulation, taxation and environmental protection. Several significant changes ...

Question one: Discuss how and to what extent the U.S. Constitution governs and affects the intergovernmental relations in The United States of America. Discuss the tensions and conflicts between the levels of government The Constitution of the United States of America indeed contemplates three tiers of government under the federal system. The federal system of governance is informed by the need to have different centers of power sharing governance of the same regions and persons. In that respect, it was essential for the Constitution to stipulate the relations between the government levels. The Constitution in as much as ...

AUTOMATINGCOMPLIANCEWITH FEDERALINFORMATIONSECURITYREQUIREMENTS

SRA strategy for to focus its efforts on federal government departments and agencies within the national security market SRA International was established in 1976 though as Systems Research and Applications Corporation. Two years later the company initiated its operations while in 1984 a parent company was enacted as SRA International Inc (SRA, 2009). The company had been help publicly since 2004. The company has been successful in its operations where it has been exchanging stocks on the New York Stock Exchange. The headquarters are located in Fairfax, Virginia with over 42 operational offices in fifteen states and the District ...

After the American colonies won their independence from the British, the thirteen colonies became the current thirteen states on America. These states have formed a league that enables them to work together in harmony. The Article of Confederation was a document that described their system of government, where the state governments had most of the power than the national/federal government. However, this contradicted the government under the King that placed the national/federal government above the state governments. The constitution was written in order to replace the Article of confederation, which the founding fathers thought to leave the nation too weak. The ...

Human Dignity and Conscience in the Essays of Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau and Maya Angelou

At first glance, it seems like a very difficult task to find any real connection between the writings of Maya Angelou on the one hand and Henry David Thoreau and Ralph Waldo Emerson on the other. After all, Emerson and Thoreau were Northern white men of the 19th Century who had never personally experienced the oppression of slavery of the type of segregation and inequality that Angelou grew up with in Stamps, Arkansas in the 1940s. Even though they both opposed slavery, and Thoreau was willing to defy the law and go to jail to uphold his principles, in the ...

Introduction

Governments not only regulate the financial markets and their intermediaries, but they are also major financial intermediaries themselves. Different types of governments including federal, state and local have continue to play a very huge role within the financial markets through the issuance of securities. The securities issued by the state and federal governments are used to finance public debt and also fund the ongoing activities of that particular government. Because these securities are often backed by the full credit and faith of the government, they often offer lower interest rates than bonds and securities offered by the corporate sector ( ...

The states and Congress have always been at logger heads on how to divide or share responsibility in governing the country. The states have for a long time protested some acts of the Congress, which in their assumption undermine their independence and autonomy. This was witnessed during the Civil War and has spread to other political issues. There are areas such as national defense, which lie in the federal domain. However, the Constitution is unclear in what levels the national and other levels are in charge. The Supreme Court is therefore forced to referee in the disputes by deciding whether ...

Historical development of Intergovernmental relations leading to the development of the DREAM ACT

Executive Summary The federal government has always been on the forefront in developing policies to control and govern the alien population that is in the country. Initially, the government of the United States did not have any enacted policy that allowed the approximately 65,000 undocumented minors to be citizens of the country. The lack of legal status for this immigrant jeopardized their dreams of working in the country and exposed them to deportation. There has been growing agreements in the congress over the last decade to formulate policies that could allow the aliens minors to be incorporated ...

Introduction

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is one of the United State agency mandated with the responsibility of coordinating and offering disaster relief services to the local and federal governments. The organization works under the department of home security and it is assigned the role of offering disaster management services and responding to emergencies that superseded local government resources. In most cases, FEMA need to respond to disasters that overwhelm state resources and disasters that directly affects federal government property. An excellent example of a disaster that targeted federal property is 11 September 2001 terrorism attack that destroyed Twin Towers ...

Introduction

Single families or households refers to a social family set up in which children are being raised up or nurtured by either their mother or their father. Such families are always catered for by only one parent. This family set-up may be as a result of various factors and conditions. Most of single families in our societies today are products of divorce or separation. Several marriage problems such as infidelity and mistrust top the list of why married couples often separate or legally divorce. In fact, many court cases in our contemporary society today revolve around divorce. When court grants a divorce ...

It is a fact that state and local governments affect our lives on a daily basis. They provide services which we consider basic such as snow and garbage removal. They as well set the standards for early and secondary education. It will not go unmentioned that they further determine the amount of money we pay in property taxes. Nevertheless, not all states can be graded equal in the quantity of resources at their disposal. Socio-demographics, geography, economic indicators, political culture and political history all have a proper influence on how the states collect their revenue thus affecting the policy outcomes. For ...

Does everyone in America have an equal shot to reach one true potential?

The ‘American Dream’, an idea that has its roots in the U.S. Declaration of Independence asserts that all human beings are equal, and their creator endows everyone with certain undeniable rights such as life, pursuit of Happiness and Liberty. Every American citizen has the freedom and individual opportunity to prosper and be successful by working hard. Life should be better and fuller for every individual depending on his ability regardless of social class or birth circumstances (Eileen et al, “Race/Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, and Health”). However, these sets of ideals are not achievable because of the societal structure in the ...

Health insurance plans

Health insurance involves taking an insurance plan to cover any medical expenses that one might incur over one’s lifetime. One is required to pay premiums to cover the health insurance plan. The amount and the frequency of the premium to be paid is determined by the insurance company with the agreement of the person taking the insurance cover (Frum, 2000). The health insurance is kind of a social or private contract between the person to pay the premiums and the insurance company to be paid. The person could be an individual person taking a private policy plan, an employer taking ...

1. Define the term law and describe the three sources from which law is derived Law is a system of principles and processes by which people handle disputes and problems with the aim of settling them. In other words, laws are rules of conduct that government enforces and if these are violated, it imposes penalties to violators. There are two kinds of law: public law (which deals with the relationships between individuals and government) and private law (which deals with relationships among individuals).

The three sources of law are:

Common law refers to a body of principles stemming from judicial decisions which in turn arise from ...

Abstract

Health is one of the most crucial factors in the life cycle of an average human being. It is therefore important for any person to prioritize it in any endeavor. Living healthily is concerned with engaging in health practices that would not jeopardize the health status of an individual. Pregnant women are amongst the people who require high health standards for their sake and for the sake of the unborn. Such health issues have led to the development of new forms of legislations that require a lot of debate. The issue of punishing pregnant women if they expose their fetuses ...