Shareholder College Essays Samples For Students

Shareholder’s Equity

Summary of articles
Relationship between Dividend policy and shareholder’s wealth
In this article, the author examines the relationship between dividend policy adopted in a company and the shareholder’s wealth. The objective of the firm usually is for the shareholder’s wealth to be maximized. Whatever dividend policy adopted by the firm, the decision objective ought to be maximization of shareholder’s wealth. The author begins by recognizing Modigliani and Miller’s preposition on dividend irrelevancy theory. The theory asserts that the dividends do not have any bearing on the value of the firm. According to the ...

Introduction

Many companies engage in corporate social responsibility engaging in charitable acts. There has been focused attention on this topic. Milton Friedman suggested that corporate social responsibility applies only to the shareholders of the company. Other parties should not be considered. The managers should only concentrate on maximising shareholder’s wealth and ensure the firm constantly makes profits. This concept goes against the widely held view that a company should practice social responsibility to several stakeholders such as the customers, employees, suppliers and the local communities. The concept proposed by Milton is known as the Shareholder Concept of social responsibility while ...

Executive summary

The global nature of multinational firms indicates that they must adopt proper managerial policies in order to ensure they cope with increased costs and competition levels that prevail in global markets. It is necessary for multinationals to evaluate their operational structures so that they achieve their goals and objectives. There are multinationals that aim at maximizing shareholder value as opposed to others that target maximizing stakeholder value. Most of the firms that aim at maximizing shareholder value appreciate the role of the shareholder as being central to their capital structures and hence a key stakeholder for realization of targets. Those ...

Corporate governance relies on how capable management and the board are in coordinating the interests of constituents who comprise of employees, shareholders and the community (Freeman, 1984; Adams and Ferreira, 2007, pp.220). In recent years, the issue of shareholder primacy has brought about a debate on whether company management should focus on shareholder wealth maximization or should also encompass other constituents. Managers should aim at fulfilling their obligations to an constituents and as such should not leave their personal values at home.
Kluckhohn (1951, pp.389) defines values as desirable concepts that guide individuals in the selection of actions, evaluation ...

Improving the Operating Strategy of Marriott

Improving the Operating Strategy of Marriott
The purpose of the report is to develop a recommendation for improving a company’s current strategy in order to remain sustainable in a highly competitive economic environment. The recommendation will be based on an analysis of both the external and internal factors that affects the company. This includes both qualitative and quantitative factors since the report is segregated into (1) environmental scan and risk analysis, (2) ratio analysis, (3) financial statement analysis, (4) weighted average cost of capital, and a (5) strategy development. The company chosen to be analyzed is Marriott International, ...

Corporate governance as a system of processes, practices, mechanisms and rules through which companies are controlled, directed and managed is mainly aimed at enhancing the accountability of managers and directors to the shareholders (Bruno & Ruggiero, 2011). In this sense, shareholders participation and active engagement in the affairs of companies has become an important aspect of corporate management. In Hong Kong, the legal framework for corporate governance is the Companies Ordinance Cap 622 Laws of Hong Kong. This new law contains provisions that are intended to improve transparency in internal controls of companies, strengthening oversight over company management and enhancing ...

Introduction

Shareholders are the owners of a company in legal terms. Therefore, like any owner, shareholders also try to maximize their profit interests in any organization. In the past, organizations were more focused on balancing the wealth generation and distribution among different stakeholders such as shareholders, employees, management, and society. However, since the 1970s, private companies turned to maximize the profit of shareholders ignoring the interest of other stakeholders of the company. This has generated a huge profit for the share market, which, in the last 40 years, has expanded by almost ten times. Other stakeholders, especially the employees, have suffered in ...

Q1) B

Q2) Prior to the 1980s, it would make sense that institutional investors would be a high priority for corporations, given that they technically contribute the most money to an organization’s success. However, given that institutional shareholders were relatively late in adopting the shareholder value culture, this perspective is flawed. While economic necessity might make organizations favor shareholder priorities, corporate culture (particularly in the 1980s) relied heavily on managers, who were thought to be in charge of corporations up to the 1970s, and whose fealty to government regulation made institutional shareholders wary of investing.
In the early ‘80s, however, ...

Introduction

With the rise of globalisation pressure and sudden increase in the global competition, many organisations are pursuing different objectives to keep operating as a going concern and capture more market share and attention . In this regard, the maximisation of a shareholder wealth or value is important. This is one of the core objectives which every Publicly Limited Company (PLC) wishes to achieve. Therefore, this paper is written to analyze whether the managers of a PLC should maximise shareholder wealth as the only primary objective or should they pursue other corporate objectives as well. Different corporate dimensions are presented in this paper which ...

Q.1. Before providing assessment of the case, whether or not there is a ground for legal action, the main problem has to be determined first to be able to construct a sound judgement. The main issue is that Cotton Limited, which happens to hold 89.5% of Satin Co. Limited's shares is pushing the minority shareholders including Silk to sell their own shares to Cotton Limited. The decision to buy-back the minority shares was made by Satin's board members themselves. Therefore, the idea of making the company a wholly owned subsidiary constitutes validity because the agreement was made by the majority of the ...

Can there be a difference between maximizing profits and maximizing shareholder’s wealth? If so, what could cause the difference? Which of the two should be the goal of the firm and its management.
Yes, there is a difference between profit maximization and shareholder’s wealth maximization as can be seen from the objective of each. Profit maximization focuses on increasing the profit that a firm realizes from its operations by producing maximum output with a limited input; while wealth maximization is geared towards increase in value of a company’s stock in the market over a given period. ...

The term registration is defined as the process, by which the company files required documents at SEC with the details of the particulars of anticipated public offering ("Registered company Definition - NASDAQ.com," n.d.).
On contrast to that, holding companies, which do not sell the shares to the public, do not require to register with SEC. However, the SCE requires a common holding company to register under the Investment Company Act 1940
The main difference between registered and unregistered holding company are the SEC agreement regulations according to which the registered company must work.

We are dealing with these registered companies as the firm whose objectives are discussed below.

Now, any registered public company ...

Reporting to Stakeholders

There have been a lot of arguments on reporting to stakeholders by different scholars. There have emerged two schools of thought. The first school is the shareholder concept in corporate responsibility advocating for managers to concentrate on the maximising shareholder value. The second school of thought advocates for managers to concentrate on various stakeholders that affect and are affected by the company. I will discuss why the company should use the stakeholder model of reporting.

Thesis Statement: Reporting to stakeholders is the superior and sustainable concept that the company should practice.

The stakeholder approach has been contested by many scholars. They argue that the only stakeholder the management should consider is the shareholder. When the management ...

1. Why is executive compensation important? How does it relate to a company’s values?
It is important that managers have the skills and knowledge to deal with issues of corporate governance, ethics, economy, taxation, legal and financial needs of a company. The values of a company are unable to be successfully managed without expertise. Executive compensation must reflect high expertise to ensure that the values of a company are met. The best and brightest managers can lead a company in a more profitable direction.
2. What is “Say on Pay”?
The general meaning of “Say on Pay” comes from corporate ...

Introduction

In financial management, the finance managers primarily make several kinds of decisions including investment decisions, financing decisions, routine decisions and dividend decisions. For this case, the paper focusses on dividend decisions. The paper shall evaluate the theoretical framework and empirical evidence that examines the relationship between the firm’s dividend policy and its market share price.
Quantitative business analytics refers to application of mathematics and statistics to solve business problem. From the definition, it means that one to define the business problem to solve first then apply the relevant techniques. In this case, the paper hopes to understand the ...

A. Timberot plc

Timberot plc can only go after Leonard, but not Mashup plc. The reason for this is at that time the parties entered into an agreement, Mashup plc had no legal personality yet and, therefore, did not have the capacity to contract. Such legal personality only became real as of the date of its incorporation stated in the certificate of incorporation, which evidences conclusively that the company has complied with all the requirements of registration and is thus, duly registered as a company. As of the date of incorporation, a company is given a legal personality and all the capabilities owing it as a ...

Importance of Corporate Finance for Managers

In any corporate business, the main goal or responsibility of the managers is to maximize the worth of shareholder’s investment in the business. Therefore, all the actions and planning of the managers must be focused on the benefits for the business and their shareholders. There are two sources of finance for the managers of any business. These sources of finance are debt and equity. Both debt and equity finance has their specific importance for the managers and advantages for the business and shareholders. (Tatum)
The importance of corporate finance for managers becomes more vital when they have ...

Event studies are statistical tests used to examine financial market reaction and the impact of certain events of interest on the value of financial assets such as stock prices, bond prices and exchange rates. Events that may affect the market value of financial assets include; stock split, merger or takeover announcements, earning announcement and regulatory changes .

Par Value determines the minimum price that a Corporation can price its common stock. Several states do not permit a corporation to sell their common stock below the par Value. Corporations therefore set relatively low par value for their shares so that it does not ...

MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING

Management Accounting
Introduction
Setting the annual budget has been one of the mandatory activities in organizations at both tactical and operational levels. The annual budget outlines the projected revenues and costs for the firm in the coming year or the finite time period. Such budget is set to clarify the organizational direction to pursue by identifying the target revenues and variable costs associated with the business operations. It served as a successful budgeting process for several years, but today’s highly dynamic and continuously changing business landscape has made this system obsolete. In the 21st century, the annual budgeting ...

Introduction

This report takes into consideration the application and the strategies that Petsmart Company has in line with their ethical structure, the governance structure and the corporate social responsibility for the present and the future. Additionally, the business report highlights the present position of the Petsmart Company in these three categories. The company is described as one of the largest pet and veterinary product retailer services provider and the solution for pet and the owners (Petsmart, 2016). The information provided by the company’s profile is that the company has more than 50,000 associates and another 1,466 pet ...

The book brings to the attention the growing culture of job insecurity in the Wall Street. The dream of every competent American is to have the best job as well as the best pay for their services. Such dreams are often shattered by a culture that tends to lean much on the short-term returns rather than long-term aggrandizement. As a result, investment bankers have adopted a culture of constant worker layoff even in times when there is no crisis. In the view of the author, the building culture of the short-term boom as a model of success in the ...

Executive Summary

Family businesses have been making vital contributions to the British economy and the forecast indicates even more in the coming years. A typical family business in UK, Associated British Foods plc, has been performing consistently well for over 100 years. The company has built up portfolios in Sugar, Agriculture, Retail, Grocery and Ingredients segments and owns many of the most famous food brands. Starting with bakery products, the company has diversified into the other segments mostly by prudent acquisitions. The models generally used for analysing family businesses, namely the three circle model, the 12S model and the business canvas ...

Part A: Financial Ratios for Apple for Five Past Years

Current Ratio = Current Asset/Current Liabilities (Liquidity ratio that measures the ability of the company to pay its short-term debts)
Return on Assets = Net Income/Average Assets (A measurement of management’s efficiency to generate profits from investment in assets)
Asset Turnover = Sales/Average Assets (The measurement of company’s efficiency to turn assets to sales)
Debt to Asset Ratio = Total Liabilities/Total Assets (The measurement of financial leverage as it tells what % age of total assets is financed by creditors)
Dividend Yield = Cash Dividend Per Share/Market Value Per Share (The measurement of % age of cash dividend that is given to the shareholders ...

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Introduction

Burnside and Machiraju (2013, p. 1) states that the European Commission initiated consultative meetings with regards to possibly widening the coverage of the “European Union Merger Regulations (EUMR) to “non-controlling minority shareholdings.” The conference was simultaneous to the decision of the United Kingdom’s Competition Commission ordering Ryanair to reduce its Aer Lingus shareholdings from close to 30 per cent to 5 per cent. The recent ruling of the UK commission is indicative of the position that rigid policies obstructing EU commerce and trade regulators from intervening in transactions engaging the sale of minority shareholdings ...

Research Paper: Testing Bender and Ward Model on UK green companies

Introduction
In their book, Corporate Financial Strategy, Bender and Ward proposed a new financial theory where they postulated that the gearing ratio of the company affects its market value, which is indicated in the stock prices throughout the life cycle. Accordingly, it is very important for the company to use defined funding source at each stage of life cycle to balance the financial and business risk. In the book, the authors had also described each stage of company’s product life cycle, effect of financial elements such as debt, dividend, profit, PE and risk throughout the stages of the ...

One of the universally accepted goals of any firm is to maximize the wealth; this objective states that all the decisions taken by the managers should always be focused upon maximizing the wealth of the firm’s shareholders. In simpler words, this means that when taking any decision in the business, the manager must make sure that it would eventually add to the riches of the shareholders and each decision must generate net present value (Jones & Felps, 2013). Net present value refers to the difference between the present values of the costs of any project with the present value ...

The President,

United States of America.
Introduction
The concept of corporate ethics is widely accepted today. In order to stabilize the growth and development of the overall U.S economy, industries regardless of their nature or size must be instructed to follow certain ethical guidelines. In the current corporate environment, it is advisable for the U.S government to introduce three key changes to its corporate governance framework. First, there should be a single body or statutory regime to deal with corporate governance affairs in the country. Second, corporate ethics is essential to distinguish the roles of chairman and chief executive officer in ...

Decision Making Report of Apple Inc.

The traditional accounting equation is given as Assets = Liabilities + Shareholder`s equity
As at 27 September 2014 (Beginning of period) $231,839M = $120, 292M + $111,547M
As at 26 September 2015 (End of period) $290,479M = $171,124M + $119,355M
(Apple, 2015, pg.41)
During the financial period ending 26 September 2015, Apple`s Assets grew by 25%, its Liabilities increased by 42.3% while its Shareholder`s Equity increased by just 7%. Therefore, the accounting equations given above reveal that Apple`s financing policy entails the financing of assets through the borrowing of money as opposed to the use of ...

[First Last Name]

Business [Number]

[Date Month Year]

Introduction
The rise of women top managers in the last decades is almost phenomenal. As early as 2005, female Chief Financial Officers in major American corporations constitutes 7.5 percent of all managers in this position and female Chief Executive Officers around 1.5 percent, a significant increase in representation from the levels (3.0 percent and 0.5 percent, respectively) seen in 1994 (Huang and Kisgen 822). This female representation, though, is still too small to not indicate the presence of culturally defined stereotypical bias against women for the management position, the so-called ‘glass ceiling’ barrier ...

NPV= A1/ (1+k)1 + A2/ (1+k)2 + A3/ (1+k)3 + An/ (1+k)n – C

Where; A- Annual cash flow

k- Cost of capital

C- Initial investment

n- Number of years

Therefore;

NPV= 450,000/ (1+0.11)1 + 639,000/ (1+0.11)2 + 700,000/ (1+0.11)3 + 550,000/ (1+0.11)4 + 1,850,000/ (1+0.11)5 – 2,425,000
= 450,000/1.1 +639,000/1.232 + 700,000/1.368 +550,000/1.518 + 1,850,000/1.685 - 2,425,000
= 405,405.41+518,668.83+511,695.91+362,318.84+1,097,922.85-2,425,000
= 2,896,011.84-2,425,000
NPV = 471,011.84
The NPV ...

Profitability Analysis: Microsoft Inc

i) Profit Margins:
Referring to the profit margin ratios of the company, we can infer that the fiscal year of 2013 was favorable for Apple Inc with 5.05% increase in profit margins of the company in comparison with the previous year of 2012. The company has improved its net profit margins after its fall in 2012. The improvement in the profit trend of the company seems sustainable as the increase in profit margins of the company was attributable to fall in operating expenses of the company. Although during 2013, the proportion of cost of revenue to the sales was ...

Shareholders are the most important people for any business organization. They form the company as well as own the company. The shares issued by the organization are held by its shareholders. This makes them owners of the company. The shareholders lend money to the company and in exchange they are issued shares. They are also paid dividends whenever the company generates enough profits. The dividends are paid depending on the earnings of the company. It is thus assumed that the objective is to maximize the wealth of the shareholders. This can be done in the form of dividend payments, ...

Using examples, explain how stakeholders could affect an organisation and its activities. Discuss how organisations might attempt to understand stakeholders and control them

Business

The main objective of this essay to describe how the stakeholders can affect the organisation and the activities associated with it. The main focus in this essay is to explain the stakeholder’s responsibility in the organisation. It also describes the procedure that helps the companies or organisations to understand their shareholders. Furthermore, in this paper also shed light on the stakeholder’s position in order to ensure and strengthen the image, gaining loyalty of the ...

Abstract

The question which defines this extended essay “How will Nike´s growth strategies be successful in improving their financial performance by 2015?”
In May 2010, Nike, Inc. Unveiled its growth strategies and initiatives for achieiving sustainable, long-term growth, with a revenue target of US$ 27 billion by the end of 2015. This is the consolidated target of Nike’s business lines that include the Nike brand, Cole Haan, the Jordan brand, Nike Golf, Umbro, Converse and Hurley. From this revenue target, the company believes it can achieve a US$ 12 billion cumulative free cash flow from operations until 2015.

Mark ...

Suppose that ROSS is considering a $10M Series A investment in MIC. ROSS proposes to structure the investment as 3M shares of convertible preferred stock (CP). The employees of ROSS have claims on 10M shares of common stock. Following the Series A investment, MIC will have 10M common shares outstanding and would have 7M shares outstanding on conversion of CP. The fees are $20M. Investment Capital is $80M.

The rights of the preferred shareholders when they are to receive a particular amount equal to their capital contribution according to the preference shares they hold, when the company goes into liquidation is ...

1. Smartphone Landscape: Background
Mobility has come to be (and is more likely to continue to be) a defining feature of current and future consumption of web-mediated and multimedia content propagated over numerous applications and platforms. If anything, big and small companies are investing in mobility devices and applications in order to cater to increasing consumer needs. Given current mobility landscape at a global scale, big players dominate global markets in numerous areas including, most notably, product design and concept, built-in platforms and applications (which are provided based on broad supplier networks) and, not least, physical stories in premium ...

Precision Metal Machining Inc. is a veteran owned company that operates in the machining industry, which is part of the manufacturing process of many metals and other composites. The company is ITAR certified, which is important considering the company deals in imports and exports. The company offers CNC machining, Swiss machining, and electrical discharge machining services to its customers. PMMI enjoys a competitive advantage over other machining companies as a result, as most of the industry’s market share is composed of smaller companies. PMMI overall faces numerous internal and external strengths and opportunities while they have minimum weaknesses ...

Chapter 1: Introduction 3

Chapter 2: Financial Performance and Position of TESCO 6
Chapter 3 Financial Management Policy 14
Chapter 4 Investment Strategy 18
Chapter 5 Valuation of TESCO 22
Chapter 6 Conclusion 26
Abstract
The present report provides critical analysis of financial positioning of Tesco Plc. For this, the financial data has been gathered for past five years as well as its competitors to critically assess financial positioning of Tesco in the retail industry. The reports highlight the recent issues of Bretix which has significantly impacted economic conditions of the United Kingdom leading to declining the consumer confidence because of triggering inflation. ...

QUESTION 1.

Gold Mine raised the following defenses. Assess the viability of each defense:
That the offering was a private placement exempt from registration based on Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.
Gold Mine may argue that it is exempt from the registration process. Section 4(a)(2) exempts transactions from registration if they do not involve a public offering. Gold Mines offering through the use of the PPM were directed at particular individuals rather than to the general public. Irving may argue that the over 1,000 professionals constituted a general public offering but likely this will not hold ...

Mission Statement

Strategic planning in an organization is an important management function. It seeks to define the evolution of an organization in order to make its structure and management more suitable to the market needs which ultimately help it achieve its objectives (Hill and Jones, 2008). Mission statements play a key role in the success of such strategic plans as it helps to communicate the purpose of the organization to employees and other stakeholders. An organization’s purpose as defined in the mission statement consists of the target market and the contribution a product will make to the society. By communicating ...

Business Law

Business Law
The most important aspect when launching a new business is to determine the type of business structure to be able to make the business a successful venture in view of the legal and tax implications that are part of the selected business structure. The six types of business structure shared on U.S. Small Business Administration (2016) website are as follows:

The most basic form of business type and is owned by one person, form a legal standpoint the business has no separate legal identity and the owner can be sued in their own name and the owner ...

Summary of 2016’s Top 10 Deals Terms

There is a list of companies who have made deals to join businesses in the year 2016. First, Shire Plc is to merge with Baxalta in which Baxalta shareholders are to be given & 47.50 for every share. This means that each member of the company will be allocated $ 18.00 in cash in addition to 0.1482 Shire ADS for every share from Baxalta which amounts to a total price of $ 32.00 billion. Secondly, Microsoft has entered into a contract with LinkedIn in which it Microsoft is to buy all its shares at price of $ 196 in any business deal all ...

Walmart is a multinational corporation with a massive presence in various parts of the globe. The company's capital structure is made up of both debt and equity funds. In a bid to achieve maximum financial and operational efficiencies, the entity has designed its capital structure to more equity and less debt financing. (Soni)
Equity capital is the primary type of capital used by the business to operate. Equity can be defined as the funding availed to the firm through the sale of share stocks and issuing the earnings attributable to the company's shareholders. The total shareholder equity held by ...

Rights of the shareholders

While the shareholders are the most important stakeholders of the company, however, very few control the day to day running of the company’s business activities. Therefore, in order to safeguard their interest, the company range multiple rights of the shareholders and provide them the eventual power to influence the company’s decisions. Below we have discussed the rights of the shareholders:
a) Right to attend the general meeting and cast their vote
All the shareholders of the company have the right to receive notice of the general meeting, including, Annual General Meeting(AGM) and Extraordinary General Meetings(EGM). ...

(Tutor’s Name)
(Assignment)

While analyzing the financial performance of Apple in 2015 in comparison to 2014 fiscal period, it seems that the company has improved its overall financial position. According to the Annual Report 2015, in 2015 fiscal year, the organization achieved revenue of US$233.715 billion and operating income of US$71.230 billion. The company also attained a net income of US$53.394 million in the same financial period (Apple Annual Report 2015). In 2015, Apple’s current ratio is more than 1 (1.11) and it indicates that the organization’s current assets are adequate to pay ...

Question 1 Directors’ Duties

Issue
For a business to register as a company it should satisfy the following requirements: a name, one or more shares and shareholders having limited and unlimited liability. Having directors is also a requirement. Once a venture has this, it can go ahead, apply for registration as stated in section 11, and send an application to the registrar. The application must be in a prescribed form and signed by each applicant; this includes the named directors and shareholders. The proposed company’s name and constitution should be included in the application, as stated in section 12. Once the application ...

About the paper

Capital structure of the company represents the mix of debt and equity components used by an entity to finance its capital requirements. However, right from the beginning of the corporate era, the goal of the financial managers has always been the minimization of weighted average cost of capital and thereby maximizing the value of their entity. Ironically, the world of academicians is divided and postulates different opinion as under what conditions the WACC rate is minimized and how the additional funding affects the WACC rate of the company. While static trade-off theory stands as the most pragmatic theory relating ...

BMGT495, Strategic Management

Taught By Dr. Vernon Swinton

Introduction 3

Vision and Mission 3
Industry Analysis 3
Company Background 4
Competition 4
Risk 4
The Industry Environment 4
Internal and External factors evaluation 5
Competitive Analysis 5
Financial Analysis 6
Business Operating segments 6
Financial analysis (specifics) 7
Technique Analysis 8
Price Analysis 8
Pricing Objectives 8
Approach to Pricing 9
Pricing Methods 9
SWOT Analysis 10
Alternative Strategy 11
Potential Markets 11
Strategy and Prioritization selection 12
Goal 12
Objective 13
Strategy 13
Tactics 13
Action plan of Implementation 14
Implementation through research 15
Implementation through marketing 15
Evaluation 16
Sales Analysis 16
...

Acknowledgement

I would like to give my heartfelt appreciation to the lecturer of the course for the time and commitment that he provided towards making us all round in the hospitality sector. They assisted me throughout my course. In addition, I would like to thank Ms Susan, the assistant manager of Healthy Life Spa in Koh Wood for allowing me to carry out the research at their facility. She helped me with the correct information as well as the motivation to carry out the research.
Moreover, I would thank my family for supporting me throughout my research. Their commitment cannot ...

Introduction:

Stakeholders are the pillars of any project. The analysis of this important aspect of a project helps the organization to identify information for evaluation and assess stakeholder information in order to create relevant policies or design the inherent activities of the institution. There may be two implications of the results thus generated; a general implication because of the broad understanding of required change or specific information on prospective concrete steps that may be suitable for the present scenario (Case.edu, 2015). Stakeholder analysis thus facilitates the planning, implementing, evaluating and managing functions of an organizational and a project.
In the health care ...

What you think Roger Martin’s thesis is and what is the logic behind his argument?

Introduction
Roger Martin in his book, “Fixing the Game” has presented some bitter realities on the American financial system. The first financial crisis that occurred in United States was in 1924 that was fueled by abundant hype and easy loans. As the crisis occurred, there was a blame game that who was responsible for this financial meltdown. As things settled down, heavy regulatory measures were imposed, so such kind of crisis does not occur in future. Then in the year 2000, the United States faced another financial crisis that became famous with the name, “Dotcom Bubble”. While many dotcom ...

Cross-listing is a process to access other stock exchange markets to collect the investments. The main advantage of cross-listing for the share-issuing companies is that due to the different business time zones, the companies have the opportunity to trade for more than the normal trading hours available. Therefore, more trading hours allow the companies to complete their ‘right issue campaigns’ in a short time. Another main advantage of cross-listing is that the companies which are listed in different countries are in a position to collect funds in different currencies that reduce their translation and currency risk. Moreover, the list of foreign companies ...

Introduction

The Coca Cola Company is a multinational corporation and manufacturer of beverages, with its headquarters in the United States of America. The company engages itself in retailing and marketing beverages that are non-alcoholic. Its flagship product, Coca Cola, to which it is best known of, was invented in the year 1886 by John Stith Pemberton, who was a pharmacist by then residing in Columbus, Georgia. In 1889, Asa Griggs Candler bought the Coca Cola brand and formula. After buying the company, he successfully incorporated it in 1892. In essence, the Coca Cola Company is responsible for producing concentrate syrup, which they ...

Accounting

Introduction
This whole essay is concentrated on the Hershey Company. This essay has been divided into five separate parts. In the first part of an essay, the discussion has been made regarding the Company’s introduction, its major line of operations, the major competitors of the Hershey Company, as well as the expected future growth of this Company. Second part is very important which includes the full discussion of the ratio analysis that has been used for evaluating the Company’s performance. In the third part of an essay, the auditor’s opinion made in the financial statements ...

Analysis on Nintendo

Introduction
Shareholders play a critical role in defining the performance, growth and development of the firm in the regional and global market. The stakeholders are key players who have put a lot of resources into the organization. The company’s growth is determined by the efforts that the shareholders put to ensure that there are enough resources. The objectives can only be achieved through the efforts of the shareholders. This is evident through the success that various organizations have due to the relevant changes that are made in operations that are influenced by the shareholders. This article will be an ...

Introduction

Samsung Electronics Ltd is a technology company that has its operations based in South Korea. It is a global electronics company, which leads the pack in astonishing evolution and innovative strategies in technology, substantiating itself from the rest of its main competitors. This it does by identifying its major consumers as well as their preferences, and a robust research and development division focused on providing unmatched superiority in its brands. The company continues to chart new paths and channels of innovative ideas, creative discovery, and warm-hearted partnerships in their endeavor to create inventive product frontiers. Lately, Samsung Electronics has been on the ...

The Technical Accounting Issue.

The technical accounting issue in the case is the non-compliance with the matching principle of accounting. The Matching principle states the benefits of revenue or asset should be associated to the outflows (expenses) of that revenue or asset. The principle asserts that expenses or outflows should be recognized and reported in the books of accounts when those expenses or outflows can be matched with the revenues generated by those expenses i.e. as revenues are recorded the corresponding expenses needs to be recorded as well. This matches the period expenses and revenues.
The original way i.e. adhering to the ...

Has “Say on Pay” Been Successful in the U.S.A?
“Say on Pay” (SOP) has been a visible way for shareholders and the government to reduce the growing salaries of CEO’s, by allowing a vote on their remuneration. Critics have argued that such laws will do very little except take power away from the Board of Directors and make it more difficult to retain CEO’s with expertise. This paper tries to refute these claims and argues that the not so perfect SOPs have met some of the needs of shareholders who want to vote on CEO salaries. SOP legislation ...

1. a. Shareholders and Stakeholders:
Any organization, individual or company that has acquired legally, share(s) of stock in a joint-stock company is the shareholder of that Company. The shareholders collectively own the Company by owning the stock shares and thus possess the right to decide on matters that affect the Company and eventually the shareholders in the end, through voting rights. The attributes of a shareholder are their concern with the Company’s bottom line, the primary influence on the company’s strategy, the foremost objective of increasing the Company’s value of stock
A stakeholder can be ...

On June 30, 2014, for the first time in six years, the stock market of Dubai saw it biggest monthly drop. The last time such an event took place was in November 2008. The stock market has had a decline of a quarter of its value in a period of two months, something that has never happened before. The decline in the stock market is attributed to the losses incurred at Arabtec Company, which has been undergoing restructuring changes for the past few months (Dodds, 2014, June 30). The General index was reported to have fallen to 3.942 percent from 4.4 percent. ...