Civilization Critical Thinkings Samples For Students

Evidently, the societal and political realm in the mid-nineteenth century was characterized by extensive dominance by the male middle class. However, this did not last long in that as the century approached, the ideas and actions of Freud, Marx, and the suffragettes challenged this, and advocated for women’s rights. The period after the mid-nineteenth century experienced the emergence of feminist ideas, which were fuelled by various societal transformations. Above all, economic transformations that were eminent in the period after the mid-nineteenth century fuelled feminism. Precisely, economic transformation resulting from industrial revolution resulted in the expansion of consumer markets, ...

In Facundo, Civilization and barbarism, 1845, the Argentine writer Domingo Faustino Sarmiento (1810-1888) presented a smart, modern comprehensive interpretive study and understanding of their nation: its land, its people, its history and its political situation (Zimmer 131). The thesis proposed Facundo broad interpretation of sociological basis, the American man. Sarmiento national social development divided into two stages, "civilization" and "barbarism." The man, in his view, evolved from the simplest to the most complex. In its simplest stage the man was a being "wild" and more complex in their stadium should reach the state of "civilization". The "barbarism" was an intermediate stage ...

Introduction

The Sow’s head impaled by Jack as an offering to the beast is an implicated symbol of animosity amongst the boys as to Simeon who confronts Jack of the animosity in human being hearts hence the evil in this case the power over the other less powerless creatures, while to Jack it is a sign of superiority hence high power. This differential in thinking put Simeon in trouble and hence his death.
Contrary to Sow’s head there was a conch shell at the beach, which helped in summoning the boys together. The shell showed how people were orderly ...

Introduction

For this assignment I will be defining the tern Afrocentric. Many people around the world have had a negative connotation in reference to this terminology. However, it is important to look at the structure of our world today. The international system lacks a global police who can be able to regulate the actions of states. This means that the world lacks a central authority that can act as a control of different facets of the world. Nations have used their economic and military might to conquer other nations in order to access the necessary resources as well as fulfill other desired interests. Based ...

The Indus Valley civilization has fascinated people for a long time. It is a mystery, with no written records to help us solve why the people disappeared, where they came from, and where they went to. We can, however, know certain things about their civilization through facts that the archeologists have unearthed from the ruins that these mysterious people left behind.
Whoever these people were who resided in the Indus Valley so very long ago, we can tell that they were civilized and highly advance people. This is evidenced by their large citadels which testify to a well-ordered and an urban ...

Abstract

This paper gives a brief account of the contents of the movie Gattaca. The paper represents a critical analysis of eugenics and genetic engineering as related to the movie. However, the main issue comprehensively discussed is the dangers of such technologies if they were not restricted

Introduction

Gattaca is a world that represent a time when eugenics and genetic engineering has turn out to be the standard advancement to reproduction. The society entails a tradition of self-advancement via the means of genetic determinations, a caste scheme of valid and in-valids in addition to societal prejudice rooted in genetics. This sterilized and cold civilization of superior associations ...

The history of African people has been plagued by constant oppression and unethical appropriation. Although it is a land that has substantial talent, its people have perpetually been denigrated and abused. Even though there are a lot of people that believe that Africans are less than others, most of Western culture is profoundly indebted to Africa, especially due to the intellectual theft that the Greeks committed upon them.
Greek culture and philosophy is one of the main influences of Western civilization. Many people believe that they were the founders of many of the rational achievements that modern society has ...

Abstract

In the framework of the modern merge between philosophy and economic theory, two opposite theories of socio-economic development of human civilization are of specific interest. The first concept theory is Mill’s perception of the liberalism and its further contribution to formation of free market system. The second one is classical Marx’s theory of socialism, which should save humanity from social stratification and anarchy of the free market. In order to understand the correlation between those two concepts and realize what might be wrong about liberty, Mill’s work “On Liberty” will be analyzed from the perspective of ...

In the world today, there is the increase of the rates in migration as people travel across the borders. The reasons as to why several people are travelling is due to the numerous push and pull factors well known to them. In the light of the paper below, much of the concern will revolve around the Chinese sub-culture specifically their immigration. According to the English dictionary, immigration simply refers to the activities of human beings which involve passing across borders either for permanent or temporary residence in the area of their interests. Therefore, different people have different reasons as ...

The growth of the American urban centers dates back to the colonial period. Urban cultures have emerged since the early nineteenth Century to the modern cities. Boston was among the first cities to develop, from its trading advantage over other cities such as New York and Philadelphia. The three distinct periods in the history of the development of American cities are the provincial, commercial, and industrial periods. ‘The first was a provincial period, which lasted from the foundation of Manhattan down to the opening up of ocean commerce after the War of 1812, This was followed by a commercial period, which ...

Introduction: Social Control

Social control entails generally to both the political and societal mechanisms/ processes present, which aid in the regulation of group and individual behavior. This is often in an attempt at gaining both compliance and conformity to the prevailing rules, norms and regulations set, in a given jurisprudence, social grouping or society. In the field of sociology, this is categorized into two core avenues: informal and formal means of social control. The former, pertains to the internalization of various values and norms, through various forms of socio-cultural and religious interactions. The latter, entails the presence of external sanctions, enforceable through policies, ...

Primitive people believed in various sorts of deities to help them in their daily tasks; the ancient Hittites, Egyptians, Greeks, and the Babylonians worshipped many gods and goddesses to help them win wars, good harvest, as well as to ensure the safety of the whole empire. Because these societies lack the modern knowledge regarding scientific beliefs, religion played a very important role in shaping the society. Even today, interesting artifacts gathered from recent excavations were discovered by archaeologists of the modern times. These reliefs from the past told scholars about the power and influence of the priests (in Hittite, kings ...

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An increase in population and wealth led to the creation of governments and in turn saw to the rise of powerful empires. Said empires have since been recorded among the most influential domains in the history of the world. Consequently, as one empire rose to power another fell in the hands of their enemies thus creating a form of competition amongst neighboring domains. For instance, Greece was a colony of the Ottoman Empire until the Greek War of Independence that lasted between 1821 and 1831 (Masters and Agoston, 2009, p. 240). Therefore, the empires rose to power depending ...

My View of the 21st Century Environmentalism

Nature and human being, and their cohabitation are ongoing debating issues during this century. These problems, however, were less topical for the civilization during a couple of previous centuries. Thousands of environmental activists have applied their best efforts to protect and preserve the ‘natural’ world, but it looks like their methods were not well developed. The 21st century conception of nature concerns with ‘green living’, energy saving, and seeking sustainable ways to protect the most endangered species all over the planet. Yet, it is not limited to this. Those responsibilities form only a small fraction of all issues we face today ...

The definition of humans in the past was greatly majored on the ape-like features that made their separation between humans and the apes difficult. In this case, human’s beings were defined as archaic humans with lower brain capacity. However, apart from the characteristics provided, there was no any single accepted definition of human beings. Therefore, there were no adequate definitions. Currently, the term human being refers to the only extant species of the genus Homo. Homo sapiens refer to the anatomically modern man who evolved from the archaic human beings. -What are the characteristics of a civilization? How do ...

1 Is there some action you think qualifies as being objectively right or wrong? That is, some action that everyone should see as proper and moral because it is really bad and not just bad because someone or some culture says it is bad? If you think you have a candidate, tell us what it is and make sure you give some reasons why you think it is objective. If you don’t think there are any objective values, explain why.
Laws and social mores have been developed and re-worked for millennia, often using religious thought as a catalyst. Humanity ...

Taking into account the sources of Islamic law, what changes did the ulama in Persia undergo during the reign of Shah Abbas I (1587-1629) that would have direct influence on the Iranian Revolution of 1979?
Shah Abbas (or Abbas I) hated sunnies and he suggested a new denomination to people: Twelver Shiism. Shah Abbas and many other traditional religious people were against any change in Iran. They wanted to follow the belief of Shiism.
The Ulama (the respected religious people with religious degrees) was trying to unite the belief of Shiism and the philosophy of Aristotelian and neo-Platonic. ...

- What is Freud’s concept of human nature? What does he mean by civilization and why does it leave us discontented?
Sigmund Freud made great contribution in the quest to understand what human nature is. His psychoanalytic theory professes that behavior is determined by very many irrational forces ranging from motivations which are both conscious or unconscious, instincts and even psychosexual actions before the lapse of the first six years of human life (Freud 15). He goes further to state that sexual desire is the driving force behind any form of energy in human life.
Freud ...

"PunishmentA strange thing, our punishment! It does not cleanse the criminal, it is no atonement; on the contrary, it pollutes worse than the crime does.” In this statement, Nietzsche questions the contemporary perspective on punishment, the good and evil. According to Nietzsche (a self-confessed Dionysian), punishment is a creation of the Apollonian god who alternately punishes and shows mercy, to demonstrate his power. This sets a poor precedent for modern civilization, established to nurture creativity over rationality. Unfortunately, modern civilization anchors on similar precedents. Punishment has nothing to do with reforming character and behavior; it has everything to do with making people ...

The Crusades were a sequence of religious wars Launched by Christians aimed at restoring the Jerusalem and liberating the Eastern Christians from the Muslim rule. The crusades took place between 1095 and 1291 AD (Lawrence 52). Hundreds of Christians took vows to be crusaders and received plenary indulgence from the Pope. At the height of the crusades, the whole east was in terrible conflict, and both faiths were struggling to subdue each other (Lawrence 52).
They had a terrific sway on the middle age Europe since the church had dominance at that time. Besides, it kept the entire Europe in ...

Civilization Clashes, Culture Wars, and Religious Violence

1. Summarize the central themes, theses, issues, or arguments of the reading assignment.

The reading assignment discusses how the 21st century is a time that’s afflicted with severe conflicts among the world’s religious communities, that unlike in the 20th century when conflicts existed among nation states, our present time is plagued by conflicts among civilizations where each civilization consists of a number of nation- states that share a common religion and historical identity (Selengut, 2003).

The conflicts arise mostly from religious beliefs that have been passed down through the generations and that, despite the modernization that’s occurring in our ...

There is a considerable population of Africans in Europe. It is estimated that close to 4.6 Africans are permanent residents of Europe with France being the most-African dominated country in Europe followed by UK, Germany, Italy, Spain, Belgium, Portugal, Switzerland and Turkey in that order among other countries. Nearly 8 million Africans are seasonal occupants of Europe. The following literatures evaluate African’s presence in Europe through different lenses.
In his works, Ivan van Sertima give a historical perspective of how Africans found their way into Europe and their role in world civilization. In this book, there is major ...

There is a connection between developing ideas and the creation of artworks. Media also plays a role in this process because people today cannot function without the influence of media. These spheres are interconnected and interrelated because of the fact that people live in ‘global village’ as Marshall McLuhan stated. Media plays a role in improvement of ideas because of its omnipresence and it has impact on people’s minds and on the process of creation. The fact that medium is the message, as McLuhan stated, supports the viewpoint that media is the extension of man and so is ...

Cosimo di Giovanni de Medici was given the title Pater Patriae of Italy at his death and was also known as the primus inter pares. He was the founder of the Medici dynasty, who were during the Renaissance the de facto rulers of Florence. Even though Cosimo Medici was a powerful man, he was not an official ruler. Medici’s government also consisted of a council who would many times resist the laws that Medici put forth. This paper will look at the accomplishments of Cosimo di Medici.
Cosimo di Medici was born on the 10th of April, 1389 ...

For a long time, Heart of Darkness was praised as one of the greatest English literary works. The novel by Joseph Conrad is about a journalist who sailed to Africa up to the Congo River; and who later becomes a station manager. The novel gives the accounts on how the sailor was made the indigenous Africans to worship him. In his book, he referred to the Africans as savages. In 1977, Chanua Achebe discredited the book terming it as a racist piece of literature (Pozar 6). From the moment the book was first released in 1899, they have been ...

Revolution can be regarded as an inevitable part of society’s evolution, whereas following the world’s revolutions one may observe a smooth transition of humanity from the early dawn of civilization to modern progressive and technological face of our planet. It’s necessary to point out that each revolution should be analyzed objectively, without disguising it someone’s favor; otherwise the true historical meaning of the even can be lost. The American Revolution started after Britain applied the seven Coercive (in other words Intolerable) Acts to the colonies, including the closing of the Boston port, and a permission ...

Information technology as a phenomenon that plays a significant role in the life of society and human is relatively recent. Many experts connect it with the information revolution that started at the beginning of the 90s of the last century. The greatest influence on this process was by the development of local and global networks, industry of personal computers production, the Internet widespread, but the main driver of this process was the emergence of new services for the globalization of information exchange (creating the World Wide Web for standardization of search and delivery of multimedia documents). Today I consider that it ...

Dividing cultures into the eastern (oriental) and western captures not only their geographical location, but also description of methods and ways of knowing the world, values, basic lifestyle, socio-economic and political structures. In contemporary culture by western there is meants European, American and Australian culture, under the eastern - the culture of the countries of Central, South-East Asia, Middle East, North Africa. West is diverse, while East is even more varied; however, these two "opposite" types of culture can have common inherent features.
The western and eastern cultures differ in development dynamics. Sociodynamics of the Western culture is ...

"No president since the founders has done more to shape the character of American government," this is according to Alan Brinkley in his outstanding biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the United States of America. The presidency of Franklin Roosevelt was marked with several ups and down during the early years. It is mainly because he assumed office at a time when the U.S. was undergoing through the Great Depression, one of the worst if not the worst financial crises ever to face our country. Roosevelt started his political career in 1910 after being elected in the ...

In the book Emile, Rousseau borrowed a lot of thinkers that came before him. He had the arguments of John Locke on teaching and education. Still, he quite remarkably combined the arguments of the preceding philosophers to form a coherent and comprehensive teaching system. Using the medium of the novel, Rousseau was able to dramatize such that they reached a wide audience. Rousseau saw the system of education as married to nature that had characteristics of harmony, and concern for the learner as well as the learning process itself. The premise of this argument was the preservation of the original perfection of ...

The story, Bloodchild, represents a scientific fiction story that shows human beings isolated in a hysterical world. The humans mainly function as birthing vessels, displaying many elements of western civilization and scientific fiction by the author. However, the author uses many twists in the story showing that the human beings had many civilization weaknesses that needed address. The story happens in space as the characters say that the humans had ancestors saved by the ancient people living on the land. This paper critically analyzes the story Bloodchild by Octavia Butler showing various elements of the short story that changed the view ...

The history about Islam has always been linked to the Islamic empire’s existence. From the beginning, Islam existed and spread in the form of a community whereby Islam was both a cult and a political order (Courbage et al. 344). Egypt, Persia and Levant were all involved in the transformation of Islam to the present state it is in today by the power of the Arabs. There have been differing views on how to deal with the history of Islam even though there are evident sources of how and why Islam was transformed from a cult to an acceptable religion. This critical ...

Introduction

Philosophy has and remains to be one of the most pivotal pillar that aids the understanding of various phenomenon. While this is true, it is sad the scope and origin of philosophy is never appreciated in the educational realm. A close analysis of schooling across various contexts shows that education dogma has often been perceived to be western dogma. This is not true based on the primary fact that philosophy, which forms the basis of education can be traced to the ancient Greek times. It is on this basis that Greek philosophy should be considered a tradition, which should be ...

Huxley describes a utopian society that has a high consumption of a drug referred to as soma. He describes soma as having ‘all the advantages of Christianity and alcohol’ and a ‘perfect drug’ which is relaxing, surreal and whose effects last for ten hours (Huxley 32). Any feeling that is not appealing is generally repressed by the soma drug which ensures that people are not able to effectively address the cause of their challenges. Huxley tries to enlighten readers through the soma drug the way people try to deal with their frustrations in their day-to-day personal experiences.
The text is informative with ...

A review of the relationship between the church and state, especially during the medieval period, gives us an insight on the tug of war that existed between the two institutions and how both tried to win over the lives of people during that period in history. Furthermore, the relationship of these two institutions gives us an idea on how to understand Western traditional of government as a whole. From the 11th to the 14th century, Europe was in an uneasy state. These were centuries marked by conflict and warfare both within the kingdoms and outside the borders that a serious effect ...

Religion can be described as an organized collection of cultural systems, beliefs and world views which relate to human order of existence. Many religions have symbols, narratives and sacred histories which are intended to explain life meaning or more so explain origin of universe origin and origin of life. It is from the beliefs about human nature and cosmos that people derive ethics; morality and religious law that sums up to preferred lifestyle. Most of the religions have well organized behaviors and clergy who defines what membership or adherence constitutes. For example, Daoism was associated with Laozi, a legendary scholar. ...

Interreligious dialogue involves the exchange of religious ideas between people who professes different religions. Some people argue that dialogues should not be allowed. This is according to the bible that says that Christians should not be yoked with people from other religions who are thought to be non believers. However, interactions between Jesus and non believers show that He supported interreligious dialogue. Dialogues are important in that they help near the non believers so that preaching to them becomes easy. The dialogues help understand the religious beliefs of other people. People get to appreciate and respect the beliefs of ...

This documentary consists of three episodes in which Professor Diamond from UCLA is trying to find answers to some of the most interesting questions of today’s civilization, its causes and roots. The suggested answer is a simple one and as we go through the documentary we realize its truthiness. He gives obvious answers, but simple at the same time. I strongly recommend everyone to watch this movie so that he/she could go into an epic and historic journey and acquire better understanding of the past and series of events that lead to where we are today.
The name ...

A competent therapist will understand the issues that older adults face even though they themselves have yet to reach the senior years. The therapist will also have learned the specific -ages-stages of adult development and aging and be able to build a positive and rewarding professional relationship with her elderly clients. The therapist will also understand that these changes affect not only the individual client but also their interaction with their families and the community at large.
Stereotypes about the elderly that are prevalent in society include issues of ageism and bias. Often elderly persons are perceived as out ...

1) Human population began to create groups about 11,000 years ago. They started to produce food through agriculture and farming instead of simply gathering fruits and vegetables and hunting animals. This innovation was brought by the necessity of people to face the scarcity of food, especially during the winter periods.

According to Levack (2010), human society received a major impact by the development of agriculture and farming. In particular, people tend to form communities in order to increase the production and develop new techniques in order to avoid the shortage of food during winter periods. Moreover in this way, ...