Discomfort Research Papers Samples For Students

Pain is a commonly experienced phenomenon among patients. Despite the commonality of the phenomenon of pain, it is a complex concept to describe and explain. There are different types of pain that are diagnosed using different metrics in primary care –somatic, neuropathic, and visceral pain, depending on the location of the pain on the body. Pain can also be acute or chronic, based on the length of time that a patient has experienced the pain. Due to the complexity of the phenomenon of pain, it is poorly understood in the nursing practice. Performing a concept analysis of pain is ...

Introduction

Bousso, Poles and Cruz (2013) refer to a concept as an abstract image or a representation formulated in the mind. Therefore, it may mean one thing to one person and another thing to someone else. Concepts are important in the work of research in that a probe into their occurrence leads to the development and formulation of theories (Bousso, Poles, & Cruz, 2013). Thus, the development of theories in nursing practice and research is heavily dependent on the analysis of concepts; which are the structural elements of theory, which inform nursing practice and research (Bousso, Poles, & Cruz, 2013). Examples of ...

Motivation to Write about the Cognitive Dissonance Theory

The most influential and widely studied theory in the history of social psychology is a Cognitive Dissonance theory. Since the theory talks about people's experience in case of psychological discomfort, the theory drew my attention towards it and captivated me to write about it. The theory says that when people are in the situation of dissonance, they try to reduce it either by changing cognitions and behaviors or by adding new cognitive elements. Individuals want to seek consistency in their beliefs and opinions (i.e. their cognitions). In case, inconsistency is observed between behaviors or attitudes, they need to change ...

Altruism is the quality of a person. This quality is diametrically opposite to selfishness. Altruist is not indifferent and ready to help even when he/she does not have any reward in return, and when he/she does not expect any gratitude (Hewstone, Stroebe& Stephenson, 1996)..
There are different theories which explain prosocial altruistic behavior, reasons and motives of this behavior, etc. For example, altruism can be explained by the fact that a person who helps other people has some external or internal reward. A businessman can improve the image of his company by doing money donation. In this case, ...

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a disease characterized by compulsive obsessions and compulsions interfering normal life. Obsessions are constantly arising unwanted views, concerns, thoughts, images or impulses that the patient cannot confront (Markarian et al., 2010). Compulsions are repetitive actions aiming at getting rid thereof (Markarian et al., 2010). Obsessions often cause anxiety and compulsive behavior or rituals serve to reduce this anxiety. As a result a person's life may be significantly impaired due to obsessive-compulsive disorder. Obsessive thoughts or actions can take much time and be so painful that the person is usually failing to have normal life.
However, obsessional thoughts differ ...

Why is it done this way? Who started it and why?

An extremely new product making its impact on the health and wellness marketplace is the Airing. It is a small, hoseless, cordless, CPAP machine, which looks and (purportedly) feels completely different than its predecessors.
CPAP stands for Constant Positive Airway Pressure and is a therapy device used to treat those with sleep apnea. The new device, called Airing, was developed by inventor Steven Marsh, from a project that was focused on very different technology. He refers to its development as an “incredibly happy accident (Medcalf 1).” He was working on a technology focused research assignment on mico-fluid pumps in micro electro mechanical ...

Medical Care at the End of Life: A Catholic Perspective by David F. Kelly (end of life issues)

In the context of this book various ethical principles are analyzed with respect to the medical care at the end life of people and the support that people deserve at their end life. The book is broken into sections which try to expound on the principles guiding the healthcare at the end life of people.
In the context of chapter one, the issue of ordinary and extraordinary means has been reflected with respect to end life medical care ethics. This shows the dilemma facing the medical professionals and the health institutions with regards to end life ethics. This ...

Psychology

Abstract
Selective mutism affect many children and can get worst if it is left mis-diagnozed. It is important for parents to know the signs and act early to prevent their child from suffering from this disorder later on in their life. The early diagnosis of the disorder is important, so too is the treatment options that are available for the child. If it is caught early on in the child’s life, it is easier for them to be treated and enabled to live a normal life. If it is not treated, the child may become an adult who ...

Culturally-competent nursing

Culturalogical assessment is significant while providing nursing care to individuals, families, groups and institutions of diverse cultures and backgrounds. Leininger’s theory of culture care diversity and universality (CCDU) emphasizes on the vital role of nurses in entering the client’s world to discover cultural knowledge embedded within individual and family values. Therefore, nurses should be knowledgeable about the client’s culture and factors influencing their needs and lifeways.
In today’s era of globalization, diverse populations are disseminated in all corners of the world. Barriers exist in the healthcare practices for the diverse populations and there is ...

Abstract

The theory of interpersonal relationships was forwarded by Hildegard. E. Peplau and is known as Peplau’s theory. The theory of interpersonal communications was influenced by Harry Stack Sullivan's theory. Researchers have also named Peplau’s theory as psychodynamic nursing. The term psychodynamic nursing is associated with the understanding of one’s behavior. Peplau’s theory describes the different roles a nurse would play in a healthcare setting. Leader, counsellor, teacher, resource person, stranger, and surrogate are the different roles of a nurse described by Peplau’s theory. Orientation, identification, exploitation and resolution are the 4 phases of interpersonal relationship. The paper ...

Introduction

As people grow old, they are highly likely to develop conditions which predispose them to intermittent acute pain or importunate pain states. In reference to Cunningham et al. (2010) the impact of dementia on processing of pain is different in different types of pain and the stage of dementia. Cunningham et al. (2010) conclude that there is a high possibility of under-detection of pain among individuals with dementia more so to those who have limited verbal communication. The assessment of cognitive status of individuals with dementia is critical in determining the pain assessment to use. The paper intends to illustrate ...

Pregnancy and childbirth is the most important period in a woman’s life. In a menstrual cycle that is normal for a person and has the duration of 28 days the release of an egg called ovulation generally takes place in the range between the 12th and 14th days of the cycle. Egg must be fertilized in the fallopian tube not later than 24 hours after that, or it dies and dissolves.
Pregnancy on average lasts for 280 days if we count from the first day of the last menstrual period and 266 days from the time of ovulation. To calculate ...

Abstract

Rehabilitation refers to a series of activities and systematic efforts to restore a person into a useful state. Apparently, rehabilitation has the purpose of making a person that has deviated from the expectations of society become productive and acceptable in the community. Looking at the concept from the narrower definition of correctional rehabilitation, some aspects are added to the definition. Whether or not such efforts are effectual has been a topic of deliberation in the circles of criminology and correctional studies. The fact that rehabilitation has taken center stage in American corrections is the reason as to why rehabilitation has become such a weighty topic ...

Myocardial infarction is a term that is used in the clinical setting in reference to the necrosis of a section of the myocardium which occurs as a result of the interruption of the supply of blood to the heart. This often takes place as a result of the occlusion of the coronary artery. From a pathological point of view, myocardial infarction is myocardial infarction refers to the death of the myocardial cells as a result of prolonged ischemia. It may the result of chronic heart disease or as the onset of coronary heart disease.
The prolonged ischemia which triggers the death of myocardial cells ...

Abstract

Dexmedetomidine is a centrally acting α-2 receptor agonist that is used as anaesthesia during surgical procedures. It has several properties that make it suitable for use during monitored anaesthesia care (MAC). DEX has analgesic properties thus there is considerably reduced opioids requirements both before and after surgery (Candiotti, et al., 2010). Tachychardia and hypertension are mitigated by the symphatholytic effect of DEX. It has also been known to be friendly to respiratory system as it does not depress the respiratory system during its use. These properties make it suitable for MAC during orthopedic, ophthalmic, plastic surgery, dental and diagnostic procedures. ...

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS

Background: Clinical Description

The disease causing agent, Coccioides spp., causes a wide range of illness, but these illness are mostly determined by the hosts' defenses, inoculum size and possibly specific organism virulence. Most of the clinical infections (about 60%) show few or no respiratory symptoms. However, the rest 40% may show symptoms of illness that may either be acute or sub-acute. The illness could range from progressive pneumonia to flu-like conditions. Misdiagnosis usually occurs in self-limited community-acquired pneumonia. According to Saubolle, McKeller & Sussland (2007), only 29% of 56 people who had community-acquired pneumonia were diagnosed of coccidioidomycosis.
The exact ...

Increasing Septic Screening Compliance

Increasing Septic Screening Compliance

Abstract

There is a growing medical challenge within the confines of medical service facilities that if not addressed may lead to unnecessary loss of life. There has been a growing rate of sepsis infections, especially those who are admitted in the hospital. It is a baffling problem as one would image that the hospital is the last place where one’s sickness gets worse. Delving further into the probable causes of the increase of septic infection cases, once would discover that the methodologies that are being used to detect and address these infections are undependable. As ...

Coursename
Pressure ulcers are damaged areas of the skin, which develop due to the long-term effect of pressure or friction in the areas where the bone is close to the skin, such as heels, sacrum, ischial tuberosity, lateral malleoli and greater trochanters. The epidemiology of pressure ulcers proves that today, despite the profound understanding of them, pressure ulcers are still a serious global health care problem, which affects millions of people worldwide. For example, in the US every year more than 2.5 million people suffer from the pressure ulcers (Cuddigan, Berlowitz, and Ayello 208-215). In 2013 pressure ulcers caused ...

Abstract

Everyone has their own individual character. People’s characters may be similar but definitely are not the same. Most people do not have issues with it and have no problems with their interactions in society and compliance with its laws and regulations. However, some personal features are very different from the expected norms and from generally accepted rules of behavior that cause irritation, discomfort and lack of understanding of others. Such features of temper can cause problems, which affect not only patients but also their close and distant surroundings. Such condition is called personality disorder. Worth noting, that patients ...

INTRODUCTION

In an era where national and international security is of paramount concern, it is necessary to take proactive means to facilitate that security. This may include new laws, reforming policies and passing legislation that benefits that goal. The United States is no exception. One of the most essential aspects of proactive security is information from and regarding the “enemy” in question. Unfortunately, how that information is gained remains a heavily debated topic. In fact, for some there are no limitations on those means, America should do whatever is necessary. At the same time there are many who consider the ...

Medical facilities have advanced immensely since times due to ever increasing demands related to health issues and sudden tragedies involving accidents, burns, etc. The critical care is one such medical department that treats cases with extreme illnesses and serious conditions. But, the treatments in the critical care units are not the only effect left on patients being treated. Rather, the complex technical equipment used for treatment, the high dosage medicines administered to treat the medical conditions and a longing to be with the loved ones may leave a long term impact on the patient’s mental framework. It does ...

Introduction

Scleroderma is also called systematic sclerosis. A chronic illness comes under the category of autoimmune rheumatic illness. Scleroderma is the combination of two Greek words that mean “hard skin.” Even though the symptoms of Scleroderma are very vast, hardening of the skin is the most visible symptom of this disease.
Scleroderma is a combination of rare diseases affects the skin and its connective tissue. In extreme cases, it affects the body’s framework way beyond the skin. The blood vessels, organs, and digestive system are affected.

Etiology/Onset

According to research, Scleroderma is caused by the production of collagen in the ...

Electronic devices may be deemed the crowning achievement of decades-long scientific efforts in their own right, signifying the human quest for ultimate comfort. People are so used to utilizing electronic devices in their everyday activities that they seem to have become inseparable from their life. Of course, there is no denying they do a lot to facilitate human lives by connecting people, updating on the latest news, revealing weather broadcast, allowing watching movies, to name only a number of benefits. While used by many, electronic gadgets do not necessarily mean they pose no threat to human health. One should not disregard ...

Introduction

Exercising should be a daily habit. It is an activity highly recommended by physicians and gym trainers to people who have a high risk of obesity and for those people who wanted to stay in shape. Basically, training and exercise are very much the same nature as it involves the workout of all the muscles in the body. Physiologically, many exercise procedures have been developed by professionals for over the years to combat obesity and to maintain a healthy figure. Many sports buff especially men and women who are engaged in athletics and body building. The intense training and long hours of ...

MANAGEMENT OF ASCITES IN MALE ADULT PATIENTS WITH LIVER CIRRHOSIS

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ABSTRACT
Ascites, the most common liver cirrhosis complication, affected approximately 85% of liver cirrhosis patients in the United States in the last 10 years. The development of ascites signifies an important landmark in the disorder that is associated with a 50% mortality rate (Gines, Quintero, Arroyo, Teres et al, 1987). It also indicates a need for liver transplantation as a surgical treatment. In UK, the true incidence and prevalence of ascites may be unknown, but its mortality has rate has increased to 12.7/100000 from 6/100000 (Fisher, Hanson, Phillips et al 1993-2000).
The ...

Doppler Principles in Echocardiography

What is Doppler ultrasound?
Doppler ultrasound is a type of ultrasound that allows you to diagnose vessels. This method of analysis can obtain accurate information about the functioning of vascular, clinical picture, identify malfunctions (method based on analyzing the frequency changed due to the reflection of ultrasonic waves). Diagnosis is absolutely harmless to the patient - no discomfort or discomfort during the study does not test people. The survey is conducted on an outpatient basis and does not require special preparation of the patient, the use of additional equipment and contrast media.

An Invention of Doppler Effect

The Doppler effect is easy to observe ...

Crohn’s disease overview

Crohn’s disease (also called ileitis or enteritis) is a chronic, relapsing–remitting, non-infectious form of bowel disorder that mainly causes inflammation of the digestive tract, and is the general term for diseases that cause swelling in the intestines.
This term has replaced older terms that include regional or terminal ileitis and granulomatous colitis; it doesn’t just imply any cause, site, or pathological response. The terminal ileum and the right colon are two sites that are most vulnerable, a close to this pathological disability can negatively influence multiple parts of the body, but this negative effect is connected with ...

How often we have heard that it is the first impressions that tend to last? Regardless of whether the statement holds true or not, it makes one wonder - what constitutes the first impression? It is not only the dress we wear or the words we say, but also the hidden messages sent by our body unconsciously and this is by far the most important of all impressions. The moment we meet someone, we subconsciously judge him or her on the basis of these overlooked movements of the body and this impression sticks even though the entire process takes ...

Because of the content of some of the films that were made in the silent and early talking era, the Motion Picture Production Code was developed and implemented in 1930. Commonly known as the Hays Code, after Will Hays (Hollywood’s main censor at that time), it served as the rules of censorship for Hollywood until the development of the MPAA film rating system in 1968. This code dictated what filmmakers could and could not include in motion pictures (Doherty). There were some definite no-nos, such as profanity, licentious or lecherous notice, illegal drug trafficking, and miscegenation; there was ...

Fever is a common distressing symptom in patients. Elevations in normal body temperature are instigated by prostaglandins exerting their effect on the hypothalamus in the event of cellular injury (Scrase & Tranter, 2011). When fever is uncorrected, the body may reach dangerously high temperatures and thus its management is a priority. To achieve safe and effective care, the chosen nursing interventions must be based on evidence. Thus, established practice must continually be evaluated against current evidence to ensure accountability. An interview with a registered nurse, with answers to the questions summarized below, reveals the common fever management practices in a pediatric unit. The interventions ...

The legalization of marijuana has been a very controversial case for decades, with strong arguments on either side. For most of the 20th century and beyond, it has been illegal in the United States and other countries, turning its sale and usage into a vast underground market that has gone untapped by any professional outlet. Some say that it is a harmful, addictive drug that leads to health detriments down the line for those who use it. However, there are others who claim that it is perfectly safe, not addictive, and could be an incredible source of income for a legitimate economy. The legalization ...

When approaching Ursula Le Guin’s short story “The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas,” readers can interpret the story in several different ways. Some critics view the story as a rejection of the moral pragmatism supported by William James, alluded to in the subtitle of the story (Povinelli 510). Others view it as Le Guin’s indictment of first world countries’ financial exploitation of third world countries (Collins 525). Still others view it as Le Guin’s attempt to explain the workings of human nature and religion (Collins 525). However, to an average reader, the story resonates as a cautionary ...

The legalization of marijuana has been a very controversial case for decades, with strong arguments on either side. For most of the 20th century and beyond, it has been illegal in the United States and other countries, turning its sale and usage into a vast underground market that has gone untapped by any professional outlet. Some say that it is a harmful, addictive drug that leads to health detriments down the line for those who use it. However, there are others who claim that it is perfectly safe, not addictive, and could be an incredible source of income for a legitimate economy. The legalization ...

Abstract:

Weather related aircraft accidents have become a major safety concern in the world lately. Visual rules flight to the Instrument Meteorology Conditions has attracted world attention because of high rates of the fatalities which is associated with them. Safety research aviation professionals are trying to explain mechanisms and genesis of such accidents. According to macro statistics conducted by FAA, it is approximated that seventy percent of delays in the National Airspace System is caused by adverse weather conditions. According to iapa.com, weather plays a significant role in aviation accidents and incidents. The report conducted by National Transparency Safety Board (NTSB) shows ...