Essays on Catholic Church

Explicitly we can come to the conclusion that such phenomena as political religion and religious politics, being based on the social religion, which creates common values for their supporters, affected the development of the American consciousness greatly as well as nowadays it does the same. It reflects the conservative form of state’s ruling with some features of collectivism, since it is mainly based on the protection of traditional family and other religious values, by sharing of which people are more likely to put all their efforts in order to defend everybody, who belongs to their group – from the ...

Social movements being collective activities and efforts used by certain groups of people or institutions and organizations to bring about desired social change in the society have been in existence in the US and other parts of the world since time immemorial. The most notable ones are the civil rights movements in the beginning of the 18 century and industrial revolution period (Snow, Soule & Kriesi 26). These social movements make use of a variety of strategies to recruit their members ranging from social networks to collective identity. They play a significant role in mobilizing social, economic and political change ...

Abstract

It is well known that the debates on the religious topics are among the hottest in our time. Understanding the processes of possible differences can significantly smooth or eliminate the conflict altogether. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to study the relationships between representatives of different religions in different countries. Comparing these relations will help to identify possible scenarios for the behavior of the two sides and the possible outcome of the conflict between them. This paper examines the relations between Orthodox Christians and Muslims in the Ottoman Empire and between Catholics and Protestants in the Holy Roman ...

[Institution Title]

Abstract

According to a website called Adherents, there are approximately 4,200 religions in the world as of January 21, 2015 (Satterfield, 2016). Religion has been defined from the context of cultural systems, world views and beliefs which are represented by symbolisms that relate humanity to the spiritual aspect of their existence, and oftentimes may also include moral values (Bowker, 2006). Despite having the same overall nature, religions are distinguished based on their respective principles, practices, rituals and beliefs. This paper would like to focus on establishing the similarities and differences between two of the world’s biggest ...

The information about the origins of theatre that we have nowadays originates from divider sketches, enrichments, antiquities, and hieroglyphics that demonstrate the significance of effective chases, regular changes, life cycles, and stories of the divine beings. Theater most likely emerged as an execution of custom exercises that did not require initiation on the part of the onlooker. Early social orders saw associations between specific activities performed by the gathering or pioneers in the gathering and the wanted aftereffects of the entire society. These activities moved from propensity, to custom, and after that on to function and custom. The physical ...

The Roman Empire began with the rule of Augustus Caesar in 31 BCE and by 285 AD during the reign of Diocletian it was divided into an Eastern and Western Empire. In 476 AD the Western Empire ended when King Odoacer deposed of Romulus Augustulus. This left only the Eastern Empire, known as the Byzantine Empire which lasted until the death of Constantine XI and the siege of Constantinople by the Turks in 1453. Despite the Roman Empire being gone for nearly 600 years, their influence still remains in many aspects of modern society such as Architecture, Art, Government ...

The discussion of Thomas More’s last letters must be forestalled by a proper introduction and some details of the life of this distinguished person. What do I want to create for the people in the society? How do I want people to learn from the last letter of Thomas more? What exactly do I want individual to learn from Thomas more’s consciousness? What I’m I going to prove to individuals that Thomas more’s language was great? What do I want to bring out from Thomas More’s last letters and his history? What should people ...

Description

Human rights occur as one of the highly coveted topics across various contexts all around the world. A reflection on the contemporary world depicts the deliberate violation of human rights by anarchist and dictatorial governments. In fact, the whole world is yet to establish a long lasting solution that would prevent the occurrence of war and conflicts, which offer a viable platform for the violation of human rights. Nonetheless, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights occur as one of the various documents established with the sole intent of curbing massive violation of human rights, which mainly occurs as a ...

The benefits of the crusades vs. the benefits of the current terrorist group (ISIS)

Introduction Since the medieval ages, religion has been used to spread acts of narrow-mindedness against others. From the time of the Christian inquisitions and crusades to the current Islamic jihadism and terrorism, this fundamentalist attitude has caused the death of many. At its root, is the selfishness and ambition for power and wealth that rules the hearts of men. Religious organizations are responsible for establishing the moral fiber in the society. They undertake this duty by selling the concept of ‘salvation’. In return, they obtain rent in the form of tithes in order to intercede on behalf of individuals ...

In this essay, I choose to write on the printing revolution. My love for reading, motivated me to choose this topic. Without the printing machines, access to books would be costly and difficult. Printing, helps to amplify information and distribute it to the masses. It is the corner stone, to the development of mass communication. With the revolution of printing press, knowledge became easily accessible. Printing was instrumental in bringing changes, in political, religious and scientific arenas. (Library.manchester.ac.uk) Before the invention of printing machine and the following printing revolution, it was very rare to find people who could read ...

The person on trial

The person on trial was Martin Luther. Luther was a German theologian and a leader of the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther was born to a Saxon miner on November 10, 1483. Luther considered the July 1505 incidence where he narrowly escaped a thunderstorm strike a divine call, which made him start living a profound Christian life (Linder 2).

Luther’s actual legal charges

The church accused Martin of heresy, an act that was condemned by the Catholic Church. Martin Luther was answerable to three charges associated with heresy, which he allegedly spread through his books. First, Luther challenged the absolute authority of the Pope over the church (Linder 3). According ...

Martin Luther was born in Germany in a town called Eisleben. He studied to become a lawyer according to his father’s wishes. In 1507, Martin Luther was ordained as a priest. Between the years of 1513 to 1517, Martin Luther studies several books of the bible and he acknowledges that faith was a gift from God. In 1516, martin criticized Pope Leo X for selling indulgences. This motivated Martin Luther to write a letter to the Archbishop of Mainz in Germany. The letter was later referred to as The 95 Theses. This letter made the catholic clergy ...

Philosophy

In 1517, Martin Luther posted his “The Ninety-Five Thesis” at Wittenberg. It is a protest, especially, against the sale of indulgences for the remission of sins – whether here on earth or in the purgatory. God alone grants forgiveness to a person who made a genuine contrition. I disagree with Luther’s Theses on three (3) grounds.

First, it seems contrary to logic that Luther defied Catholic doctrines (Theses 7ff), which he himself tried to embrace. He believed in the papacy, priests, and most Catholic teachings, except of course, on grounds different from his own observation and knowledge. As evidence of Luther’ ...

Recently, I have visited a synagogue. It is the main institution of the Jewish religion, the room that serves as a place of public worship and a religious center of the community. I chose the synagogue because it has been always interesting for me to learn about the service of church and lifestyles of people who belong to another church that differs from the one I belong to. Thinking long about what church me to go, I chose the Judaic, because it has not any similarity with Christianity, so due to it I was more interested in going to ...

Growing up, I have always desired to be an instinctive leader. I have always wanted to be among the best leaders within my profession, as well as in the community. Over time, with my education and experience in various institutions, I believe my leadership skills have improved greatly. However, despite the milestones I have made as a leader, I strongly believe I have a lot to learn to be among the best leaders. To fulfill this desire, Ohio State University-Fisher College of Business is the best institution that could guide me through. The institution is well-known for its dedication to developing ...

Introduction

Medieval period is not a new term, and it frequently appears in the history classes and is mainly used to point out that period in history characterized by the commencing of the renaissance period, in the fourteenth century. Moreover, many scholars refer to this period as the middle ages and sometimes the dark ages. This period also denotes the beginning of the fall of the Roman Empire, about 476 CE. This period implies that the society that the people were living in the fifteenth century was more civilized and significant than the previous civilizations that have ever existed for thousands ...

In a lecture presented by Dr. Samuel Gregg of the Catholic University of America Washington, entitled, “How can Liberty and Solidarity Address the Problem of Crony Capitalism?” he sought to explain the dangers of crony capitalism and the possible solutions entrenched within the Catholic’s teachings on liberty and solidarity. Accordingly, he first defined the concept of crony capitalism. Afterwards, he emphasized the danger of such concept when it thrives in a nation’s economy. The main danger, according to Gregg, is that crony capitalism diminishes that create power of every individual in the society, by limiting the opportunity for free ...

Baptism belongs to seven main Christian Sacraments and is one of the three sacraments of initiation, the other two being the Confirmation and the Eucharist. The Catechism of the Catholic Church defines Holy Baptism as “the basis of the whole Christian life, the gateway to life in the Spirit (vitae spiritualis ianua), and the door which gives access to the other sacraments” (“Catechism of the Catholic Church”). Baptism is considered the first-order condition for a person to obtain salvation and Eternal Life with God in Heaven, and without being baptized, the person will not have access to the ...

Abstract

The following questions will be answered in accordance with the perspective of Hutchison (2013):

1. Define each of the dimensions and give examples of Manisha’s journey for each dimension. 2. How does knowledge of these terms contribute to culturally sensitive social work practice? 3. Cite examples of how you think these theories would help with assessment and intervention in your practice with client. Provide a rational for your answer. 4. Which theoretical perspective would you evaluate as meeting the most criteria for judging social theory? Provide a rationale. 5. In a short answer list and explain the three factors associated ...

Materials used to create the work: oil on canvas.

Crucifixion diptych According to Vespers, Weyden and his family were staunch Christians who lived their lives dedicated to helping the poor. The photo was among others, distributed freely by Weyden. The huge size of the human figure in the painting was common to artists at the time. It was in fitting with measurement of the shutters of carved altarpieces. The foreground is outstanding thanks to the black background. Weyden focused on the starkness that enhances the image. According to Vespers, Weyden and his family were staunch Christians who ...

Obviously this literary classic has endured intense scrutiny, been the subject of many heated debates and has stood as a model for other works of its kind since Milton published the 12 books in 1674 after its initial appearance in 10 books in 1667. One of the most hotly contested themes, however, has been that the author intended Satan, the poem’s narrator, to be a hero, rather than the religious or historical presentation in our society that Satan is the root of all evil. Despite what many learned scholars surmise, Milton’s aim was not to have his readers glorify ...

Religion is part and parcel of society as it helps in defining what society really is and how it functions. There are many religions in the world today many of which have a huge following. When putting the social context of religion into perspective, it is clear that it cannot be separated from society and therefore it has to be incorporated therein almost every facet of life. On one hand, religion intersects to what society is and on the other, on the issues that affect the said society. Ronald Johnstone, in his book Religion in Society: A Sociology of Religion ...

Scientific evolution started several centuries before. Prior to the discoveries that were made by the likes of Aristotle and the rest the details about various aspects of the universe were very scanty. The chart below will dig to the details of scientific evolution by taking into consideration the various scientists who made tremendous contribution into shaping up the universe through their discoveries.

It is worth noting that before the scientific discoveries people held diverse beliefs on the existence of the universe. It is worth noting that the theories on various existence of the universe were rather hypothetical. Several myths ...

Introduction

In current historical and general cultural situation cannot be absolutely independent existence of individual cultures. The contact of the cultures often causes conflict between them, the struggle for supremacy of its priorities, the desire to minimize the importance of the values ​​and achievements of the "opponent". In the history of interaction between East and West, a special role is played by the Islamic-Christian relations. And Christians and Muslims have always been inherent in the consciousness of a certain spiritual 'community, going back to a single source of Middle Eastern Abrahamic tradition, while at the same time, awareness of the ...

Religion was the basic unifying factor and source of unity between Mesopotamia and Egypt. The nature evidently explained the divine forces in work and every person in these two societies worked towards the goal of serving the gods. In Mesopotamia, the Sumerians had a sole believe that the laws guiding them descended from the gods to the ruling kings. These kings then administered the laws to the people with the core support of the priests. The priests then revealed the will of the gods to the kings and the people.

Art and religion are like one thing for the artists ...

Introduction

The two hospitals that this paper is going to compare are the UMass Memorial Medical Center and the Saint Vincent Hospital. Both of these health institutions are located in Worcester, Massachusetts. UMass Memorial Medical Center is owned partly by the state government and partly by private investors. On the other hand, Saint Vincent Hospital is owned by the Catholic Church. This paper will describe the similarities and differences of these organizations in terms of the institutions’ missions, goals, objectives, management structure, staffing, policies, and procedures.

•Mission

The missions of both Saint Vincent Hospital and the UMass Memorial Medical Center are ...

HUM1500 W3 Discussion Question: What major world events contributed to the founding of Rome? & What was significant about the Roman government that allowed it to flourish?

One of the major events that contributed to the founding of Rome is through a mythological account. In 753, Rome was named after its founder – Romulus, a historical figure that killed his half-god twin Remus . During the time of Romulus, the place has little interruptions. Another major event to the founding of Rome is the creation of the 12-month calendar by King Pompilius, emergence of the republics and empires, embracement of Christianity (specifically, Roman Catholicism), Roman alphabet and numerals, existence of huge variety of talented/gifted individuals, and so on. Moreover, other major events were associated with the Roman government. There ...

- There were a number of similarities between China under the Han and the Roman Empire. Why do you think that was so? Was it simply historical accident? Do those aspects of empire imply some sort of empire-building process common throughout the world? Why or why not?

China and Rome were both land empires, based mostly on agriculture, as were all other empires before the industrial revolution over the last 200 years. These two empires developed along similar lines even though they had no contact with each other, given the extremely slow communications and travel times of that era. They all seem to have had very similar caste systems, with slaves and peasants at the bottom, an aristocratic-military caste and an emperor or king at the apex (Adler and Pouwels, 2008, pp. 169-70). Both the Han and the Roman emperors also claimed to rule by divine ...

CONTEXT AND COMPARISON OF

In reaction to the decadence and corruption so pervasive in the Roman Catholic Church, the Protestant Reformation sought to introduce an asceticism into the artistic world of its followers. Martin Luther, as well as others who followed him, advocated the destruction of art in churches, particularly images of saints, muted color schemes for the artwork that remained, and an emphasis on images either of Jesus or of contemporary leaders and heroes of the movement. Joseph Koerner’s book The Reformation of the Image (2004) compellingly shows how visual art became indispensable to a religious movement built on words. In a time ...

Summary of chapter 10

Designing the characters’ world

This article talks about how to design the set of a good piece. It states that a set design that is good should be aesthetically pleasing, interesting, evocative, functional, and to be connected deeply with the concept of production. This is achieved through the following explained below

Goals of set design

Facilitate dramatic action- set design should: create space for physical action, tell us the location of the action either outdoors or indoors, and time periods of the action. Offers a surrounding that represents the lives of the characters- the set should relay information about the people who dwell there by ...

Paragraph 1

Galileo Galilei was an Italian physicist, astronomer and astronomer largely recognized for his contributions towards the scientific revolution. He laid down the basis of modern astronomy and largely supported the work of Copernicus. He is largely known for his heliocentric views in that he acknowledged the existence of the earth and the other planets including earth revolve around the sun, which is stationary. His heliocentric views brought him into conflict with the Catholic Church since was considered to be challenging the then pope Urban the eighth’s authority. He was then arrested, tried and convicted of heresy upon which ...

It is always interesting to be able to compare two works of art with the same subject but from different artists and different periods in the history of art. The two statues of David, created by Michelangelo and Bernini, the first in 1504 and the second in 1625 provide an excellent opportunity to compare and contrast not only the styles of the individual artists, but also the styles of the Renaissance and the Baroque respectively.

Chronologically, Michelangelo and his David are older and will therefore be considered first. Michelangelo was one of the greatest artists of the Renaissance and ...

Introduction

An organized collection of cultural systems, world views, and belief systems, which relate humanity to spirituality and moral values, is what is generally referred to as religion. On the other hand, environment is the nature that surrounds us. Throughout the world there are many religions which have different views about the environment. Therefore, religious beliefs in people prescribe how they perceive the environment that surrounds them. Different religions have roved to perceive the environment in diverse ways. Some religions believe that the environment is God-given source of livelihood whereas others attach responsibility to the environment.

According to Buddhist religion, ...

Several institutions developed in both France and England in the 13 and 14th century and these institutions were behind the civilization of western countries. The first institution was the church. Many crusades were made in these countries facilitating the spread of Christianity. When church became an institution in these countries, leadership became a major issue and specifically the catholic leaders became too much involved in political affairs. They controlled monarchy in England that had a lot of power (Noble, 156).

Schools are some of the other institutions that were very important during the period. Many people got their education during the ...

Guadalupe in New York, by Alyshia Galvez, is a look inside the lives, culture, and faith of Mexican immigrants in the urban United States. The book is a collection of stories, histories, and information about the lives of Mexican Immigrants trying to make a living for themselves in the land of opportunity. Galvez describes how these immigrants find themselves living a difficult and fearful life, working long hours for low paying jobs, and in constant fear that they will be discovered as illegal immigrants. This book touches on a wide variety of subjects including immigration, Mexican-American culture, religion, and the American dream.

The author ...

The Renaissance was a time, as the name suggests, of rebirth and renewal in Europe; a time that led society into a new modern age. Inventions shaped society and brought it closer to what people would recognize today; and philosophical and religious enlightenment moved civilizations out of the dark ages and towards a deeper understanding of humanity. This essay will analyze the importance of these two features of the Renaissance as a portal to the modern age.

New inventions during the Renaissance still play a part in the modern age today, from everyday necessities such as the toilet to technological innovations like the microscope (“ ...

Many people would often say that children should be cherished and nurtured because they will be the voice of the future. They should be given a good life by their parents and they should be protected from all harm, especially as they grow older. However, for some children, they may never live to see the light of the outside world as their parents ‘abort’ their chances of being born into the world without the chance of fighting back. This trend of abortion has earned immense debate between sectors as there are those who call for its legalization since they believe ...

In 1892, Francisco Franco was born in El Ferrol Spain. After serving in different positions in the government, he rose to power and became a dictator in Spain from 1939 to 1975 (De Madariaga 17). In his manipulation to form the second Republic, Franco took advantage of the situation of realism in the build up towards the World War II. In many ways, Franco’s rise to power was slow and planned culminating in the aftermath of the 1931 municipal elections. During the years towards the World War II, the political struggle between nations presented a perfect chance to take advantage ...

Introduction

Divorce has become prevalent in contemporary societies. As observed by scholars, the instances of divorce have substantially increased over the years most especially in countries where divorce laws are quite lenient. It appears then that the natural urge for parents to bind themselves together and establish a partnership in order to increase their ability to raise their offspring and to increase the survival of the family in general has somehow diminished. In the present society where divorce has become almost a part of a country’s culture, the possibility of having an intact family upbringing becomes increasingly slim. As divorce increases, the ...

Introduction

The central element and aspect of the Christian Faith is the divinity of Jesus Christ, the founder of the religion. Acceptance, belief and confession of Jesus Christ as the Son of God and the Savior of the world and humanity is the most basic element that distinguishes a Christian from a non-Christian. This shows that Jesus Christ is the foundation on which the entire Christian faith is built. As such, every Christian must give reverence to Him and to His position as the pivot around which every other thing in the spiritual world revolves. The idea of Jesus being God ...

According to Encyclopedia Britannica, the era of reformation was the one of the significant revolution in religion which affected the most part of Western Europe countries. The reformation revolution had a real social, economic and political effect on Western societies. The result of Reformation times was, in particular, the foundation of one of the Christianity branches – Protestantism (“Reformation”). The beginning of the Reformation was laid in October 31, 1517 by a speech of Martin Luther with accusations against the Catholic Church. End of the Reformation account for the time of signing the Peace of Westphalia (1648). As a result, after the ...

The Holy Crusades were a series of nine major military campaigns led by Roman Catholic Church to take back Jerusalem from Muslims. Religion played a much larger part of everyday life in the time of the crusades, so it is difficult for modern people to truly understand the motives of people involved in the crusades. While the crusades did seem to be fought generally in the name of God, it appears many people involved in the crusades fought more out of self-interest rather than some deep religious devotion. The Holy Crusades were not very holy. Evidence suggests that one of ...

Introduction:

Eucharistic adoration The Rite of Eucharistic Exposition and Benediction Role of the Eucharistic adoration Introduction: Qurbono. Parts of the Maronite liturgy: Service of the word The Anaphora Role of Qurbono. Discussion prompts 2: Liturgy Adoration is man’s way of acknowledging that he is God’s creation (CCC, no.2628). Man pays his homage to the ‘King of Glory’ through adoration. Adoration comes with humility and shows our supplication (CCC, no.2628). Eucharistic adoration refers to honoring or doting Christ’s Eucharistic presence (Catholic church.org 1). Catholics are able to truly contemplate ...

‘Name’

‘Instructor’s name’ ‘Subject’ Martin Luther is one of the greatest contributors to Christianity, and his Lutheran Reformation is counted among the most influential phenomenons of modern history. Luther is the originator of the Protestant Reformation, and it is said that, more books have been written on him than any other person except his master, Jesus Christ. He is a German theologian and religious reformer, who inspired hordes of followers to denounce some of the established doctrines of the Catholic Church. This essay will examine his life and scrutinize how his personal struggles influenced his philosophies and preaching. ...

In the many developments that are taking place in the religious world, ecumenism is one of the most significant of them all. Church leaders are coming together with common goals that enable them to best serve and worship God, among other many activities. The main goal of contemporary ecumenism has been for all the Christians in the world to be brought together into unity amidst diverse and pluralistic expressions of the faith. This interdenominational union is rooted in the belief that all Christians are bound together by Christ and His existence should not be the cause of division and ...

People might find it hard to admire something they do not understand such as faith. However, in Agustin’s case, no one can ignore the fact that he is to be admired in his continued search for the Truth and his fight to be honest and faithful to this truth he finally discovered, even when it meant he had to struggle to live according to it. Whether someone has faith in God or not, Agustin’s journey of conversion and faith against all odds is to be admired, and clearly supports Portier’s comment. Agustin’s change of ...

Introduction

This Learning Resource has been designed for Educators in Catholic Schools in Australia that will be working with both Primary and Secondary Students. It aims to give an overview of the different aspects that have been influencing the teaching of the Catholic faith along the years, especially the last centuries previous 1980s, in particular the influence pre and pro Second Vatican Council. Religious Education teachers should find this learning resource useful to identify where they are in time, in the Church, in the world, and in particular in Australia within the Catholic Church. They will be able to understand ...

Introduction

Smoking ban refers to the prohibition of smoking as part of public policies for occupational safety and health regulations in office buildings and public places like bars, restaurants, city parks, college campuses and even public beaches. The rationale used for introducing smoking ban was to prevent second hand smoking. It has been estimated that the number of deaths caused by second hand smoking in USA is more than 42,000 people every year including infants (CDC #1, 2014). Since the implementation of this ban has made it a troublesome for smokers to smoke freely in places of their choice, many ...

John Donne’s poetry reflects a deep image of religious elements and most of his sonnets are the combination of both Catholic and Protestant. In “The Flea” and “Show Me Dear Christ” John Donne also uses religious imagery. He expresses in implicit way this tactic. HHHHis early poem “The Flea” implies the concept of sexual love; furthermore, it exemplifies unconventional metaphor by which the flea bites two lovers, who are compared on the basis of sex. Moreover, we see a woman trying to resist sexual advances. The speaker with the help of the flea was trying to convince her that the ...

The original purpose of the Pantheon temple was to honor all the Gods of Ancient Rome. The time was long before the Catholic Church made Rome its headquarters and the people practice a pagan religion similar to the Greeks. Marcus Agrippa commissioned the temple’s construction under the rule of Caesar Augustus in 27 AD. Inscriptions on the frieze of the porch (surrounded by columns) record the facts of the original construction and then mention two reconstructions. The Pantheon was rebuilt for the first time in 202 AD by Severus and Caracalla. The Roman emperor Hadrian had the temple rebuilt a ...

Before the coming of Jesus Christ, religion as a concept still existed. However, what is today known as Christianity did not exist then. People who lived during this era worshiped or believed images gods or spirits that resided in trees or mountains. The dominant religion was Judaism. The scripture that was in use was the Old Testament which at the time was known as the Hebrew Bible. People, at the time, believed in God and kept the commandments which are stipulated in the bible. But then, not everyone was a Jew. Many religions were in existence as seen in the Old ...

The period during which John Calvin lived and influenced his followers was 16th century France – the height of the Protestant Reformation. During this time, Martin Luther and other radical thinkers chose to break away from the Catholic Church due to differences in interpretation of Christian dogma, including the healing power of indulgences (which were believed to simply be an effective bribe for the Catholic Church to achieve absolution). Independent of the development of the Protestant Church, however, was John Calvin’s work to create a system of ideology which would be called Calvinism. Because of his radical ideas, and the ...

Essay

Religion - one of the most important among the many ways in which Americans are involved in the life of their community and society as a whole. Religion in the United States has traditionally played a major role. At all times, America was a virgin land to many religions, as well as the non-interference in religious practice has led to that the U.S. has become very comfortable shelter for small foreign sects. Americans donate more time and money to religious organizations and societies than all other voluntary associations together. About 40% of Americans participate in worship at least once a week (i.e., much ...

Catholic is a Roman Catholic faith or a member of the Roman Catholic Church. The term catholic was initially used to mean a universal church. Therefore, it is used to describe all Christians of diverse religions around the universe since we all believe in Jesus Christ. In the 2nd century, catholic was used to reiterate its universal aspect. Catholic Church is among the largest Christian church with approximately one billion followers around the globe. The Roman Catholic Church has played a domineering role in western civilization. The head of the church, according to church’s hierarchy, is the Pope. Catholicism refers to the ...

The Middle Ages were the period of European history dating from the fall of the Holy Roman Empire in 476A.D. up to 1453 and started when the Ottoman Turks of the Middle East captured Constantinople. The Catholic Church grew more powerful and influential during that time. Governed by bishops and archbishops under the papal authority from Rome, the church became more dominant in the medieval society. Nuns and monks lived together in a house called monastery, devoting their lives in the service of God. In this period of turmoil and instability, many people turn to God in order to survive. ...

MOVEMENTS IN RELATION TO CHRISTIANITY

The account of the Crusades, which happened during the Middle Ages, is considered as a significant part of the history of Christianity and the church. It is regarded as the first great enterprise that shows “common zeal of the Christian nations of Europe.” At the same time, these religiously-driven military movements brought forth diverse social, economic, and political impacts upon the European region. History shows no similar record where so many men from different countries and social ranks were brought together having equal enthusiasm. Hundreds of thousands of lives were sacrificed during these campaigns. However, it is being contested as ...

Sacraments in St. Thomas Aquinas’ Major Summa (q 60/61/62/63/64/65) - What I Found That Is or Is Not Useful for Understanding Sacraments Today St. Thomas Aquinas is considered one of the Doctors of the Catholic Church because of his great theological contributions, and his philosophy has been so influential in Western civilization that he is also studied by seculars. One of his most important contributions was incorporating reason in the form of Aristotelian logic into the discussion of faith and religious tenants. In Summa Theologica, one of his most important works, he lists six major questions: “Of ...

The infamous Middle Passage refers to the period of the slave trade where many unwilling Africans were forcibly transported across the Atlantic. This period marked numerous enslavement, torture, displacement and murder as they were chained and slammed in small spaces during the voyage. The Middle Passage marked the brutal and cruel phase of the trade marking a dark chapter in both American and African history.

Slavery in Africa

Similar to the other continents, African had their own form of slavery, even before the intercontinental slavery began. This was one part of the society’s economic structure, but the extent and treatment of the ...

- General Description of Renaissance Believed to have originated in Italy in the late Middle Ages, the Renaissance is a cultural movement between the 14th and 17th centuries that spread across Europe and affected the Europeans’ intellectual, political, and cultural life. Many Historians believed that the Renaissance served as the transition from the Middle Ages to the Modern Era, stating that it marked the beginning of the early Modern period. Some questioned the validity of it being an actual advancement and instead may just have been a nostalgic turn for the classical period characterized by the resurgence of interest in ...

Since the beginning of the early civilizations, man tried to understand the world around him and why events take place. Some tried to put symbols to non-living things and even on natural occurrences, while many turned to religion to explain the meaning of life and the mystery behind the creation story. However, there were a few who deviated from this unyielding faith in religious preaching and sought to answer the world’s many mysteries through their own studies. In Europe, this desire to solve these mysteries escalated into a conflict between religion and science that resulted to the advent of the ...