Essays on Incineration

Introduction

Thalmic Labs is a software- and hardware-company primarily based in Canada. Its primary product is digital devices aimed for the Canadian sector. The company caters to individuals and organizations, connecting people and providing network capabilities. It has partnered with relevant companies in Canada and North America, such as Intel and Microsoft. Its main program of e-waste management is effective, which includes “cradle to “cradle,” and recycling of electronic materials and devices known as the “Buyback” program, where the company buys back used cell phones and gadgets. ThalmicLabs buys back used mobile devices from customers, no matter how aged they ...

Abstract

Several experts have been concern about the effectiveness of recycling in mitigating the effects of pollution and global warming. Some even argued that the recycling process is economically and environmentally ineffective due to the large costs and large amounts of energy required for the process. However, the practice of recycling should be continued and improved since it has numerous potential benefits against its alternatives. First, recycling is not a waste of money since the alternatives to this strategy such as incineration and landfilling has larger costs due to environmental damages. Second, issues and problems associated with recycling could be ...

Human life and survival are connected with the environment. With the changes in the environment, human surroundings appear to undergo an adjustment or modification to continue the life. More probably, some climatic changes tend to interfere with the human life from several corners. These could be lethal or life threatening. For example, climate change might modify the occasional examples and plenitude of irritations and illnesses; in turn, this may influence the use of pesticides, herbicides and fungicides. Reactions will vary in the middle of harvests and between geological areas. There are studies that use of these pesticides within the ...

Material Extraction of Dry Battery AA:

A typical alkaline dry AA cell comprises a cylindrical external case, cathode, anode, and electrolyte and separators. The external casing is made from nickel-plated steel and is lined with a separator to divide the anode and cathode. The separator is made of either a porous synthetic material or layered paper. On one end, the battery canister is sealed with an epoxy or asphalt sealant underlying a steel plate and at the other end with a brass rod driven through the cylinder. The rod is welded to a metallic end cap and passed via an outer plastic seal. Inside the ...

Introduction

Today the world is grappling with several ecological crisis; the effects of Global warming, the degradation of the Tropical Rainforests in South America, the environmental pollution of Oil Sands development in the Canadian Boreal, and the ecological threats from Nuclear accidents exemplified by the recent Fukushima incident. However, the least talked about is Waste management, particularly the problems of Electronic waste, often referred to as e-waste. Not only is the e-waste crisis a massive problem in most developed economies, but it is also quickly becoming a global crisis affecting even to a greater extent the least technologically advanced nations. ...

At the turn of the 21st century, electronic communication and technology has been rapidly developing to a point that human beings and its environment is not at par. The world has been talking about the new models of smart phones and the new software that bridged people together despite distance and borders. The advancement of technology has created virtual communities. People are talking about the successes of these communication and other technologies but never did people talk about the environmental and health consequences of these rapid developments. Clara Piccirillo in an article entitled “Environmental Impact of Information and Communication ...

QUESTIONS ON BIOCHEMISTRY

Questions on Biochemistry Describe the difference between an obligate and a facultative aerobe. Obligate and facultative aerobes are the same in terms of their ability to use oxygen in their respiration process. However, obligate aerobes requires oxygen to oxidize substrates such as sugar and fat to produce ATP (energy). Obligate aerobes are more efficient in converting substrates to ATP. The key process in aerobic respiration is the conversion of sugar to ATP shown in reaction 1 below:

In the reaction 36 molecules of ATP is produced per molecule of glucose. It is actually a slow process which comprises 3 ...

1. Introduction The food waste issue has been growing and has reached the levels where the food waste is the biggest category of waste that reaches landfills and incinerators than any other kind of municipal waste. Generation of the food waste is increasing and with it the economic loss of the country. On one side, we have poverty with insufficient food and on the other we are throwing vast amounts of fresh or produced food away. The paper will examine the issue of food waste in the United States and possible solutions to the problem, which is causing the ...

China is dealing with tons of waste produced every day. With unsustainable development and production, countries are exploiting natural and other resources and causing environmental degradation, polluting the air, water, land and soil. With inappropriate waste disposals, the environment is becoming polluted, and is dangerous for health of people. With increasing concern of people regarding environmental pollution, and its effect on health, protests were seen through the last whole year in the communist country. The topic is important, because more and more incarnation plants are being constructed in China, which are causing havoc to environment, and are also putting ...

CONTENTSIntroduction 3

Problems of various recycling methods .3 Executive summary 3 Field investigation ..5 Benefits ..8 Recommendations ..9

Introduction

Most countries need to solve the issue of waste disposal. Currently the bulk of waste dumped at landfills. This situation has extremely negative impact on the environment, since the decomposition of organic substances are released into the atmosphere large quantities of methane, a greenhouse gas many times more potent than carbon dioxide. According to researches many scientists still have not found the optimal solution for the safe and cost-effective waste management. Waste disposal and waste incineration do irreparable harm to human health and ...

Introduction

Pharmaceutical wastes contain ingredients that are designed to have pharmacological effects and provide benefits to the society (WHO, 2012). Pharmaceutical wastes include illegal drugs, pharmaceutical products, and pharmaceutical ingredients. Regulations dealing with pharmaceutical wastes resulted from studies indicating that fish and wildlife were suffering from an increase in the content of drugs in the water resources. A study conducted by the Geological Society in the United States, in 2002, indicated an increase in the percentage pharmaceuticals released to water streams (Smith, 2002). This indicated a clear lack of a proper disposal system for pharmaceutical wastes.

RCRA

This refers to Resource Conservation and ...

Introduction

What is Waste-to-Energy (WTE) Energy recovery from waste that cannot be recycled into usable heat, fuel or electricity using a variety of processes such as combustion, gasification, anaerobic digestion, landfill gas recovery and pyrolization is called waste-to energy (WTE).

Current Issues

Municipal solid waste consists of kitchen waste, electronics, light bulbs, used tires, plastics, yard waste and old paint among many other things. In recent years, the recycling of waste products has gone up, but still the amount of MSW generated per year is on the rise. Currently, only 33% of the total MSW can be recovered through recycling, but 67% ...

Incinerating means burning waste or trash until what is left is ashes awaiting disposal. An incinerator is a machine used to burn waste and trash until these materials are reduced into ash. The device is constructed using heavy machinery and well insulated materials that protect heat transmission into the immediate environment. Incinerating serves to keep hazardous material from finding their way into landfills where they can harm workers in such facilities (Donohoe 2003, pp. 588). The devices produce power while in process of waste burning that can be used elsewhere. The byproducts of incineration are air and smog pollution, and ...

The Current State of Research on New Methods and Technologies for the Safety and Reliability of Assessment of Propellants, Explosives and Pyrotechnics1

Abstract

Materials with high energy have in the past and are still in use for both intensive military and civil purposes. Research and studies have been conducted recently to try establishing and inventing new materials likely to have enhanced high performance and that are less sensitive to heat and shock as compared to existing materials. In future military applications have a threshold to be adjusted to. This paper is mainly focusing on the on the advancements, possible formulations of ...

Disposal of the hazardous waste has been a cause of concern from the time immemorial. Such poisonous toxic waste has a numerous disadvantages ranging from injuries and death to even permanent birth defects. This hazardous waste when dumped in an open area even used to contaminate the water, posing a threat to the aquatic life. To tackle this disastrous problem US military thus came out with the concept of disposal site. A site which is generally used for accumulation of waste with the primary purpose of disposal or treatment of such waste is called a disposal site. Before the existence of such ...

Introduction

Waste management is an important part of managing an economy and this applies to every country, including Qatar. Trash or garbage can be collected from residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. Basically, every business and lifestyle operations that occur within a city or a state leads to the creation of garbage. Over time, the garbage that are produced as a result of basic residential, commercial, and industrial activities could lead to the accumulation of garbage on traditional garbage storage spaces (e.g. landfills), and garbage incinerators (which by the way could present as a potent environmental risk). If these garbage-containing strategies would be overwhelmed by ...

Introduction

Waste management refers to the process of collecting, transporting and disposing trash, sewage and other waste materials. There are different sources of waste including residential, industrial, commercial, institutional, construction and demolition, municipal, agriculture and manufacturing and all these waste products whether solid, gaseous, liquid or radioactive come under the realm of waste management. Due to the rapid growth and fast development in Australia, the country has produced waste on humongous amount. As per the data provided by Australian Bureau of Statistics, the growth of average annual rate of waste production in Australia is about 5.4% between 1996-97 and 2006-07. ...

Waste Management

Introduction Dealing with waste has become an increasing concern nowadays, since it affects people’s life quality by impacting the health, it affects the aesthetics, it jeopardizes the ecosystems and in general, it negatively impacts the environmental sustainability. Domestic waste (generated by individuals) and commercial and industrial waste represent a quotidian aspect that authorities are aiming to handle, either through applying laws and guidelines for maintaining healthy and clean cities and villages, either by applying various technologies for actually managing the waste disposals. And the processes and technologies used to manage the various types of waste differ depending on ...

Introduction

Waste management refers to the process of collecting, transporting and disposing trash, sewage and other waste materials. There are different sources of waste including residential, industrial, commercial, institutional, construction and demolition, municipal, agriculture and manufacturing and all these waste products whether solid, gaseous, liquid or radioactive come under the realm of waste management. The EU Waste Framework Directive lays down a legislative framework for the waste management and also provides a definition for waste. Article 1 of the EU Directive provides the definition of waste as "any substance or object which the holder discards, or intends to or is required to ...

Introduction

In our time, we are used to satisfy our nutritional requirements by simply buying raw or cooked food products at grocery stores or restaurants. Nowadays we can access pretty much any type of food product even if is coming from remote locations at affordable prices. However, there is an extra price to pay: unprecedented amounts of liquid and solid residues continuously accumulate in our soil, air, and water resources as a result of activities associated with food production and consumption. At the consumption end of the food chain, farm products are processed and packaged, distributed and finally eaten. Each of ...

The reusing of materials in their original or changed forms, commonly known as recycling, has been promoted by environmentalists as the solution to our environmental problems for several years now. Yet, the process has not been adopted on a large enough scale so as to have a sizeable impact. Recycling has been known to reduce energy consumption, save on investments and space utilized in the creation of landfills, reduces air, water and land pollution, generates jobs, and helps to conserve natural wildlife habitats. In order to be able to save the environment and prevent it from degrading further, recycling should be ...

If one rents, trash removal is calculated into one’s monthly charge. If one own, in one way or another, one pays for trash to be removed from one’s dwelling. Waste Management, the largest trash business in the United States, is a member of the Fortune 500. Trash is big business. In many areas, having a municipal job in sanitation is a stable job with good pay and benefits. It may not be glamorous, but it is an honest living for most. Since, in general, the more people that live in a domicile, the more trash is produced, many locals are ...

Waste generation is a major problem global problem, as the world’s population rises, the quantity of domestic and industrial waste increases. The main strategy employed in waste management is the 3R approach of reduction, reuse and recycling. Environmental experts have suggested the inclusion of recovery to create a 4R strategic approach to waste management (Yearley, 2005a, p 7). The recovery of energy from wastes is a new approach to waste management that maximizes the energy derived from waste and minimizes the final quantity of waste disposed. More needs to be done to find safer approaches to strategic waste management and the improvement ...

Post University

According to Shrivastava (2007), climate is defined as the average weather conditions of an area, experienced over a period of 30 years. This means that, if the weather conditions measured are found to be different between two or more successive eras, then a climate change results. The weather conditions that determine climate changes are humidity, rainfall, temperatures, clouds and strength of wind (Lynas, 2004). Thus, elements that can be measured to lay a claim to a change in climate are measures in; air and sea temperatures, phenology, tree rings, lake sediments, sea level, radioactive dating, ice coring, and levels of greenhouse gas, and ...

Chemical Weapon Disposal

According to NRCCRECSDP (2000), chemical weapon disposal has been done in the past through sea disposal, land burial, explosion and open pit burning/incineration. However the decomposition of such chemicals has been founded to pose a significant environmental, public health threats resulting to land and water contamination. Thus, as much as the government has made the decision on disposing the chemical weapons there are some unanswered questions like how should the government dispose off the chemicals in a way that is safe for the environment and the surrounding population. Many citizen groups like Sierra club and Greenpeace have seriously opposed the ...

E-waste or electronic waste refers to all forms of electrical and electronic equipments that have entered the waste stream. Electronic equipment could cover items such as televisions, mobile phones, computers, and other white goods such as fridges, dryers, and washing machines among others (Stephenson 67). Other household items that have an electronic connection such as toasters, kettles, and gas cookers among are considered electronic waste. When these equipments are no longer useful and are discarded, they are categorized as electronic waste. In case electronic waste is not properly managed, e-waste poses dangerous environmental and health effects to human beings. ...

An estimated 2.5 billion to 4 billion metric tons of wastes are collected worldwide. These wastes are treated in four different methods: disposal in uncontrolled and illegal deposits, disposal in controlled landfills, incineration, and recycling (“From Waste to Resource,” 2006)

According to the Global Development Research Center (2003), the volume of wastes is on an upward trend; more and more waste will be produced in the coming years. This poses risks to the environment and the human health. Therefore, proper management of these wastes is important. Looking at the four methods of waste treatment, recycling is the best method ...

Incineration is the process of disposing solid wastes through burning. When solid wastes are burned a number substances are released or emitted and some others remain as residues. The emitted materials include dioxins, organic carbon emissions, heavy metals, particulate matter and ashes.

Effects of Incineration

Exposure to these emissions cause reproductive defects, cancer and respiratory system ailment. It has also been shown that the emissions can accumulate on the leaves of food crops. Even though the effects of these emissions in air are so hazardous, in water they form a neutral solution with the particulate matter settled at the bottom of the sea. ...

Incineration is a modern combustion technology where harmful wastes are transformed into gases and incombustible solid waste (Hester & Harrison, 1994). It is commonly used in burning municipal and industrial wastes. During incineration, there are factors that affect the quantities and composition of gases emitted. In considering the incinerator design, operation, and waster properties, the factors are (Rand et al., 2000): physical and chemical properties of waste; Combustion efficiency; and residency time. Physical and chemical properties of waste determine the composition of gases emitted in the sense that if sulphur was a constituent in the waste, then the expected ...

According to Shaner (2011), pollution is something that is created unconsciously everyday with US hospitals alone producing about 1% (over 6000 tons) daily. The major pollutant in the health care field is the medical wastes incinerators which produce dioxin, a chemical compound that can potentially cause cancer, damages immune system, cause hormonal imbalance as well as reproductive and development complications. It is for this reason that most hospitals in Vermont no longer prefer having onsite incinerators prompting the setting up of Safety Medical Systems which specializes in incineration of medical wastes products together with steam sterilization of medical wastes as ...

In Houston, the management of solid waste is manned by the Solid Waste Management Department (SWMD) whose main functions include the provision of services to over 408,000 households in Texas through collecting, disposing and recycling of waste material in a way that is efficient, safe, cost effective and environmentally friendly (City of Houston, n.d.). MSW recycling in Houston is carried by Greenstar Recycling Company, which offers recycling solutions through commodity upgrades, recycle processing, commodity trading sectors of the solid waste market and managed services (MSW Management, 2010). Thus, it is a major recycling company in North America. This company uses a ...