Essays on Mesopotamia

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Introduction Conscience is one of the most commonly experienced psychological faculty of an individual, but is also one of the least understood. For many years, little attention have been given towards understanding conscience; particularly on how it is shaped and who influenced the modern understanding of this concept. Nevertheless, conscience is an important phenomenon that requires significant attention primarily because it impacts all human judgment. The manifestation of conscience delineates man from other animals species as conscience is proof of man’s self-consciousness; an attribute that is only observable among human species. As a learned psychological faculty, ...

Introduction

On most occasions, historians construct world history according to the emergence of civilizations associated with a particular empire. Egypt is one of the rich areas studied by the scholars to understand how ideas and people came together to formulate civilizations and empires. Imagine a region that is sparsely populated but still fertile and watered by several water sources. Individuals settle in the region and proceed to domesticate the animals and plants. The process of domestication is made possible by migration and riverine territories. As the population rises, so do the needs of the people. The requirements introduce political and ...

There are a number of challenges that nations faced during civilization. Such changes include, wars, lack of resources and lack of political unity. Undeniably, there are a number of differences and similarities between the civilization of different societies. For instance the civilization of Mesopotamia is very similar to the civilization of the Greek society in a way that they both lacked political unity. This paper is going to focus on the reasons, why the civilization of Greek lacked political unity as well as discuss the consequences of the political disunity to the general development of Greek. The paper will ...

The Bagdad Taxi, a documentary movie directed by Frederic Tonnoli sends chills down the spine of everyone who watches it, at least mine had chills. The setting of the film was months after the end of the tenure of the American troops in Iraq. The movie revolves around a filmmaker who sojourns the country of Iraq right from one far end to the other, in a taxi with Khalid, who doubled as both his friend and a cab driver. The journey covered over ten Iraqi towns with a good number of over a hundred police checks, as the filmmaker ...

Technology is a living being. It is evolving as time goes. In the beginning, during the Mesopotamia evolution, the type of technology was only regarded as unconnected technologies. The technology is increasingly mutating and maturing to become more complicated. A certain aspect of growth is not ignorable. The technological advancement has changed from the previously fixed physical outputs to those that can manipulate, combine and configure and for new products. It is not only becoming the part of the production. It is becoming the core of the manufacturing process. It is the focal point the current generation industry. It ...

Throughout the course of modern history, numerous events have revolved around the Middle East, affecting the cultural perspectives of the people living there. For instance, the Russian invasion of Afghanistan and the subsequent political maneuvering by Western/Arab nations spawned decades of bloodshed in the region, destroying both an entire generation of people and the viability of a nation. The creation of Israel in 1948 created a massive power shift in the region, as the Arab nations attempted to retake the territory but were soundly defeated, and again in 1967. The Second World War engulfed the North African Muslim countries, ...

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Introduction Vampires are mythical creatures that appear in ancient folklores. Most cultures have their own version of the vampire although they share a common characteristic; that is, the lust for human blood. There is no particular gender to the vampire character. Male and female vampires do exists even in ancient literatures, making the vampire one of the most gender neutral characters. The depiction of the female vampire in human culture, however, is an interesting way of looking into the development of women, particularly on how society views women and their social status over the course of time. ...

Modern governments have grown large excessively. Aspects of developments such as individual freedom and economic expansions that have been enhanced since a long time go keep showing their glimpses in the modern society. Such an understanding has brought the world into the belief that the economic beliefs, human trajectories on concepts, prudential strive for the future were once pressed from all the corners of the world in a similar pattern. The world, however, began to diverge from its pieces with Europe considered as the most significant divergence in historical accounts. Little has however been exposed as to why some ...

In this project, I am going to investigate how the empire building process in the early Egyptian dynasties contributed to the world civilization process. Egypt is historically known to be one of the sources of early civilization process. The building of empires led to the development of architectural events that resulted in some of fascinating pyramids and works of art in history. This particular period saw numerous advancements in science, technology, and algebraic math that facilitated civilization through architectural development and emergence of education. Therefore, I will seek to answer questions such as:

How did empire building lead to civilization in the ancient Egypt?

Which aspects of the Egyptian culture ...

Egypt and Mesopotamia had cultural contrasts in which some were brought by their location a great some phenomenon such as presences of river Nile. These differences could be traced back in the ancient time. The societal construct signified the cultural differences in the two societies. The Egyptians hand devised a solar calendar to help them correctly predict planting the best planting season. Geographically, the waters of river Nile bordered the land and this substantially regulated the agricultural production and the planting seasons. Therefore, this made it easier to do the planting. The importance of the Nile to Egyptian culture ...

Question. 22. a. A population pyramid is a representation of the population breakdown in terms of age and gender at a particular point in time. Population pyramid represents how many males and females are there in different age groups in the population. The numbers by age and by gender depend on the interactions between migrations, mortality, and fertility. Above all, the pyramid shape and its variations depend on the variations in the fertility. Population pyramids help in understanding several aspects of the population, such as the history of a particular group in the population, and project the future of ...

23. Identify and explain the factors that have combined to produce the CW climate in Yemen and Oman. A Cw climate is characterised by a very dry winter and rainy summer. The amount of rain experienced in such a climate in the summer season is ten times more than that experienced in the winter (Kartin 29). The Cw climate is as a result of the climatic change which has been experienced in most parts of the word. In Yemen and Oman, the climatic change is mainly as a result of greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is caused by carbonated ...

Ancient Middle East is considered to be a cradle of human civilization by many historians. Before Leonard Wooley excavated an ancient city Ur, no archaeologist had ever studied this region in such a detailed way. Egyptology developed much faster due to a great number of artifacts found here and a lot of curious myths and legends connected with Egyptian tombs. However, the first cities in a modern understanding of the term were built in Ancient Mesopotamia, and the first rules and laws came from here as well. Ancient Ur, for example, was one of the first cities that had ...

Evolution from Hunting and Gathering to an Agricultural Society

The Neolithic Revolution is also known as the Neolithic Demographic Transition. Data indicate that this began about 12,500 years ago. People formed communities and they developed settlements as they began to domesticate certain species of plants (Tignor, 23). This “revolution” occurred in several places around the world. The earliest revolution occurred in the Fertile Crescent area of Mesopotamia between 10,000 to 8,000 BC, in the Kuk Early Agricultural Site of Melanesia at about 8000 BC, and in Subsaharan Africa at about 2500 BC. One theory that is used to explain this phenomenon is that agriculture was ...

Lives of women in the ancient and early-modern world

During the ancient and early modern days, women were characterized by some Christian beliefs as either being corrupted or saintly. For instance, Judeo-Christian belief portrayed women’s righteousness to that of Virgin Mary while their corrupt nature was linked to Eve of the Holy Bible. And as such, there were a lot of literature that intended to teach women on how they should behave and carry themselves. Women of these days were not only denied legal persona but were also subjected to control by their male counterparts. In China, for instance, this act was manifested by Neo-Confucianism that gave ...

Several thousand years ago, the early modern humans were nomadic foragers, and they forage in groups. However, a major transition occurred around 10,000 BC changing the human behavior, a changeover from the control of the natural environment over humans, to humans in control over the natural environment. Before the start of the agricultural era, the early humans were hunter-gatherers, which means that they depended on wild resources for their nutritional requirements. This style of living led the early humans to have a largely nomadic lifestyle, with the abundance of food source dictated by the natural environment, specifically the ...

Sumer was located in the southernmost region of ancient Mesopotamia. The location is present day Iraq and Kuwait. The place derives its name from the Akkadian language of North Mesopotamia. The inscription means the land of civilized kings. The Sumerians called themselves the black-headed people and therefore the land was land of the black-headed people in its simplest existence (Roaf, 2009). The Sumerian region was claimed to have been inhabited at first during the period 4500BCE. This has brought a point of contention as human activity had been purported to have taken place much earlier. Archaeological evidence provides these ...

Ishtar Gate was built in Babylon in 575 BC, during the reign of Nebuchadnezzar and is a great arch of bricks, covered with bright blue enamel. Arch walls are decorated with sacred animals, dragons and bulls, which the Babylonians considered satellites of the gods. Fragments of the gate are now in various museums around the world: in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum, the Louvre, in New York, Chicago; in Boston reliefs of lions, dragons and bulls are stored; in Detroit, at the Museum of Fine Arts, relief of sirrush is stored. A copy of the Ishtar Gate in Iraq is ...

When it comes to historical development, it is worth noting that favourable geographical conditions laid the foundation of the ancient civilizations. Physical geography explained the early appearance of advanced culture in ancient times. Compared with Egypt and Babylonia, China and India in some respects experienced worse conditions. According to Smith et al. (2012), relatively fertile soil and warm climate made Egypt, Mesopotamia, the Indian subcontinent and China favorable for the emergence of civilization. Nevertheless, the geographical distribution of these cultural oases were not that beneficial to their future value in world history. For example, China and India were separated ...

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Introduction Slavery is an age-old practice that has existed in many forms among different human societies. In fact, as early as 3,000 to 2,000 B.C., in the primeval civilization of Mesopotamia, slavery, in its various forms has already been observed (Perbi 1). For many years, the institution of slavery has existed in many places around the globe, but it made the biggest impression in the continent of Africa where slavery took its greatest toll. Intertwined with the African slave trade is the huge demand for slave labor in the European colonies, specifically the large plantations ...

In search of Middle East Cuisine:

Overview: The search for a Middle East Cuisine embarks with a highlight on the Middle Eastern culinary and hospitality culture. Hospitality is fundamental to Middle Eastern culture and many home cooks utilize long hours, at times days, making a remarkable array of dishes for family feasts. Grains form an important and versatile role in the diet, with dishes ranging from eggplant dip, to dukkah lamb cutlets with mint and pomegranate salad and roasted red pepper and walnut dip (Hirsch, 2011). Daily staples entail hummus (mashed chicken pea and bread) and Shwarma (grilled lamb), while lentils, vegetables and meats are ...

Women through the ages are often assumed to have been subjugated and placed in roles below men. While this is often the case, as it was for the women of ancient Mesopotamia, when compared to the women of ancient Egypt we see not all civilizations felt women needed to be quiet homemakers. The women of ancient Egypt were seen as equal in nearly all ways to that of men. Legally and in marriage, women were able to have more freedom than that of women of ancient Mesopotamia. They were only thought to have stereotypically feminine duties when it came ...

Mesopotamia is one of the most important nexus of the entire world civilization and ancient urban culture. Sumer were the pioneers towards the establishment of this culture, with their achievement subsequently absorbed and developed by the Babylonians and Assyrians (Schneider, 2011). The origins of the Mesopotamian culture can be traced back to the 4th millennium B.C., which witnessed the emergence of the first cities. Throughout the long period of its existence, the Mesopotamian culture was characterized by inner unity, the succession of traditions, and the inseparable connection of its organic elements. The initial stage of the foundation of the ...

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Introduction Slavery is often considered as a social institution or an established practice that has existed since the early history of mankind and is present in almost all regions of the world. Among the earliest accounts of slavery were found in the ancient cities of Mesopotamia as early as 2,300 B.C.. However, it could not be fully established as to when slavery actually started as its genesis was lost in the passage of time. An important point to consider though in studying the origins of slavery is that it could not have existed during the time ...

1.It is true that agriculture has been one of the greatest inventions in the history of mankind due to the impacts it has brought to the world. Due to the competition between humans and animals agriculture has brought dependence and food security against the ever diminishing natural resources. Agriculture led to the invention of fire that has had substantial positive effects on the human livelihood in terms of domestication and other uses of fire. The invention of transport and communication means has also had big and positive impacts on the human life to a bigger magnitude. These inventions have enabled ...

Religion was the basic unifying factor and source of unity between Mesopotamia and Egypt. The nature evidently explained the divine forces in work and every person in these two societies worked towards the goal of serving the gods. In Mesopotamia, the Sumerians had a sole believe that the laws guiding them descended from the gods to the ruling kings. These kings then administered the laws to the people with the core support of the priests. The priests then revealed the will of the gods to the kings and the people.

Art and religion are like one thing for the artists ...

Writing started by people using their fingers to count things they purchased. The finger counting developed into a sign language where people from different languages started using numbers displayed by hand to eye in a physical observation. It was after a long time that sign language evolved into written numbers. Other people at the time were using tallies which were generated from stone or wood carving notches. Since Mesopotamia was a city with inhabited by many people from all walks of life, it thus goes without saying that it hosted farmers, hunters, and fishers. Uruk being the southern Mesopotamia largest settlement was made ...

History as an academic subject can simply be defined as the study of past events in a chronological order. History is very wide and it only deals with things that happened in the past. Those who study history is referred to as Historians. This paper tackles a few historical questions.

What is meant by the term ‘Romanization’? Was military force the primary means of achieving the ‘pax Romana’?

The term Romanization can be defined as a process through which those who were conquered by the Romans were made or were assimilated to become like Rome. It was used by the Roman Empire to spread their influence to other populations. The Romanization was made possible through processes such as the spread ...

The patriarchal society of the world has always aimed to keep the women of the society under subjugation. The societal institutions of nation states have devised their ways of keeping the women in passivity over the span of history of human civilization. Even in the era of feminist movements, the situation of women in the society is that or inequality and subordination in comparison to the domination of the males. Women in ancient times as well as today belong to a lower class and have not been acknowledged for their contributions to the building of those societies and have not been ...

Mesopotamia is comprised in the area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Here, a very impressive culture developed beginning with the year 6.000 BCE. Akkad and Sumer are the most important kingdoms which emerged on these lands. These civilizations’ development was closely connected to geographical and climatic specificities of the area. The weather in the area is very hot, rains are scarce and the two rivers often cause floods. People had to develop irrigation systems to be able to cultivate the land and thus, to survive (Ross-Nazzal, 2015). Another important cultural characteristic is the polytheistic belief. Both the geographical location ...

The term “hydraulic” refers to waters or liquid in motion and originated from the word “hydra,” a Greek term that means water. A hydraulic civilization is an empire that controls its population through controlling the supply of water. The environment determines the kind of civilization needed in a specific geography. Climate and natural resources play a crucial role in economic processes. Thus, controlling the supply of an available resource allows monopoly and power to be established and maintaine by the government. The government in hydraulic civilizations is a distinct and permanent institution that ensures and monitors that water supply are properly distributed. ...

Ancient Mesopotamians led a brutal existence, rocked by a long history of war over the control of fertile river valleys, which in light of the arid land that surrounded the region, meant life and death. The socioeconomic structure that emerged, in part out of necessity, ensured that women assumed domestic roles, but over time, these translated into massive gender inequalities. This paper asserts that women in ancient times as well as today belong to a lower class and have not been acknowledged for their contributions to the building of those societies and have not been treated equally then or today in Mesopotamia ...

The Epic of Gilgamesh is an epic poetry that originates from Mesopotamia. It is among the earliest known literature in Mesopotamia. Many scholars believe that it originated from a series of Sumerian poems, and legends about Gilgamesh who is the protagonist. It is known to be the oldest recorded story in the human history that is over 4000 years old. The story portrays Mesopotamia’s society in the third millennium B.C.E vision of after life. In addition, the story tells shows the reader how the people in Mesopotamia believed in the gods, and offered sacrifices for their prayers to ...

The Rise of Cities played an important role in society as well as documented history. Cities have risen up in a variety of cultures, from Egypt and Mesopotamia, to Rome, to Western Europe. Even the Aztecs and Mayans saw a Rise of the Cities. Cities marked the epicenter for development and change. The rise of cities in Mesopotamia was a great leap forward for the complexity of society because it essentially helped shape society. With the Tigris and Euphrates rivers flooding annually the farmers eventually came up with the idea of irrigation. For the time period, rivers were portrayed as gods, thus ...

The oud is an object of fascination and wonder for the audience and one of desire and passion for the musician and artist. The instrument is ancient, always undergoing transition and has the potential to transcend political and spatial boundaries in the modern world. It is representative of the rich and diverse cultures that have shaped its modern forms and variations. The instrument is now being understood more in western countries and its influence on western music and musical instruments is undeniable. This paper will discuss the history of the instrument within the evolution of string instruments. It will ...

In the “Dialogue of Civilizations” symposium in Guatemala, several historians and archeologists studying cultures of ancient civilization such as those of the Maya, Mesopotamia, Indus Valley and Egypt have found that their huge monuments were built for three major reasons: as sources of religious and moral nourishment, entertainment and beauty. For spiritual purposes, one can note that monumental structures like the Tikal Temple in Guatemala, Temple of Horus at Edfu, the Luxor Temple in Egypt and the Great Budha Statue were built for religious and moral purposes. The Taj Mahal monument in India is considered one of the beautiful ...

There have been different mythical beliefs concerning afterlife. After life refers to life after death and as such, different societies have different beliefs of where the dead go once they pass away. In our case here, we are going to do a comparison of the beliefs that exist in the people of ancient Mesopotamia and the Odysseus’ nekyia. The people of Mesopotamia had the notion that the dead lived on in a dusty, bleak underworld referred to as the Dark Earth. They had the belief that any cave, pit, or pond could be an entrance to that place. They believed ...

2) Introduction Looking back on the history of how communication was developed, it is unimaginable that the generations today reached the level of development in the language and scripts. From the cave paintings of the Homo sapiens to the pictograms in Mesopotamia that tells stories through pictures in a chronological manner and to the revolutionary alphabet that simplified and decreased symbols. This is a revolution in the field of communication as it combined several symbols to form words and sounds.

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Communication did not just develop overnight. It went through a long process of development until we can speak words, write characters ...

Many civilizations throughout history could claim to be the greatest. Several Chinese dynasties contributed to the mysticisms and sciences that mankind now enjoys. The Europeans gave the world much of the art that the is still cherished in museums throughout the world. South American civilizations, as well as civilizations in Africa constructed conventional tools used for hunting. More progressive were the Roman and Greek civilizations, that gave mankind theater, the Olympics, and a love of the universe. However, before all of these civilizations could be appreciated, there had to be the Sumerians of Ancient Mesopotamia. The Sumerians were the greatest ...

Human beings, that were once referred to ‘’Tool using animals’’ have a long history that dates back to 2 Million years ago. However, the major source of economic development was initiated after the process of agriculture came into existence. Post the arrival of Agricultural era, Paleolithic Human largely survived on hunting animals using the tools that were directly derived from nature or were marginally modified using wooden hafts or handles by these groups. It is because of their high reliance solely on hunting, seventeenth-century philosopher Thomas Robbes, described the Paleolithic life as ‘’Nasty, Brutish and Short’’ However, the very ...

Human beings, that were once referred to ‘’Tool using animals’’ have a long history that dates back to 2 Million years ago. However, the major source of economic development was initiated after the process of agriculture came into existence. Post the arrival of Agricultural era, Paleolithic Human largely survived on hunting animals using the tools that were directly derived from nature or were marginally modified using wooden hafts or handles by these groups. It is because of their high reliance solely on hunting, seventeenth-century philosopher Thomas Robbes, described the Paleolithic life as ‘’Nasty, Brutish and Short’’ However, the very ...

Historians have also been inquired by the question of human’s origin and development of his existence on the Earth. There exist different theories covering this question but every group of scientists tries to prove the verity of their hypothesis using really interesting and exciting evidence. And the authors taking into consideration the urgency of the topic wrote thousands of books. One of such books is written by an American world historian, geographer and professor at the Temple University Howard Spodek. His book “World’s history” (2010) describes the most possible precise data of the human’s origin, ...

Background of Islamic Faith

In the VII century BC most of Arabia was a desert inhabited by tribes of nomadic Bedouins. However, on the fertile lands along the shores of the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean were scattered permanent settlements, from where originated caravan routes across the sands to the cities of Syria and Mesopotamia (now Iraq). Due to the caravan trade, there flourished rare oases along the trade routes, including the small towns of Mecca and Medina, which in the history of Islam were destined to play a key role.

Prophet Mohammad was born in Mecca, in the family of camel driver. Upon ...

How is language related to writing? Human civilization has miraculously journeyed from pictographs, to alphabets, and through an exciting myriad of richly endowed spoken languages from around the world. The topic initiates an interesting discussion. It correlates to culture, communications, and ancient art origins – all within the historical context. Fascination, pertaining to an exploration of the world of language and writing interrelationships, fosters in-depth thinking and a curiosity about visual forms. This paper largely discusses the history of writing with a commentary on pictography and alphabets. The idea embodied in the research required for this document seeks to nurture a better understanding ...

Mesopotamia refers to the area near the Euphrates and Tigris river system, which corresponds to modern day Kuwait, Iraq, the northeastern part of Syria, the Southeastern part of Turkey and a small part of southwestern Iran (Potts, 2012, pg.557). In a wider sense, Mesopotamia refers to the area surrounded from the northeast by the Zagros Mountains and from the southwest by the edge of the Arabian Plateau and stretches from the Persian Gulf in the southeastern side to the spurs of the Anti-Taurus Mountains in the northwestern side. The Sumerians, Babylonians, Akkadians, Assyrians, and Chaldeans occupied Mesopotamia region. This region is ...

Mesopotamia and India are two most ancient civilizations of the world. Both of these civilizations were developed, well-organized and prosperous centuries ago. These ancient civilizations successfully developed an urban infrastructure system, agriculture, trade, art and architecture along with a well-organized society with appropriate provisions of law and order. These ancient societies were guided by their own religious codes. Hammurabi code propounded guiding principles for Mesopotamia while Bhagwat Gita guided the society of India. This paper intends to discuss how these religious codes successfully managed ancient societies of India and Mesopotamia in ancient times. It is not easy to manage a ...

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Introduction The code of Hammurabi is perhaps one of the earliest recorded attempts of humans to create a standardized justice system. Although most of the code’s provisions are considerably harsh, considering the time that the code was made, it can be considered as revolutionary. The code of Hammurabi was named after its author, King Hammurabi of Babylon. Historians believe that Hammurabi descended from the Sumu-abum dynasty of Ancient Babylon in 1894 B.C.. He ruled the city state of Babylon, the present day Iraq, between 1792 and 1750 B.C. Hammurabi was the sixth ruler of Babylon and ...

Introduction

The modern practices and belief systems are traceable to ancient societies. These modern societies are a product of the evolution of the ancient civilizations through a period spanning many centuries. The modern society has not replicated the ancient civilization; it has modified the ancient practices to fit the current needs and geographical conditions. The modern social systems in art, fashion, religion, language, science, economy and political administration have their foundation in the ancient ideologies. One of the ancient civilizations that have a profound effect to the modern society is the ancient Mesopotamia. Through its successive insightful and visionary leaders, it emerged as ...

The code of Hammurabi, which appeared around 1800BC, contains 282 clauses to the subject of Bottomry. Bottomry was a loan obtained by the owner of a ship to finance the ship’s voyage. The clauses tells about the Mesopotamian society which was marked by political, economic and class divisions. They marked the beginning of a civilized group of individuals and influenced their behavior significantly. Therefore, the paper will discuss three clauses which include 22, 23 and 25 by highlighting their significance in the 1800BC and in the 21st century. Prohibitions against robbery are seen in virtually in every society and it ...

In my opinion, Marcus Ulpius Traianus or Trajan was one of the best Roman generals and emperors. He was an outstanding emperor with the behavior of a simple Roman citizen. He was the first emperor born outside of the Rome. His popularity among the soldiers could be compared only with the popularity of Julius Caesar and Marcus Antonius. During his reign, the Roman Empire reached its territorial maximum. He was born on 18 September 53 in the Roman province of Hispania Baetica. During the reign of Nero Trajan’s father was included in the Senate. Trajan began his career during ...

Mesopotamia referred to the region in the eastern Mediterranean Sea which was bound in the Northeast by the Zagros Mountains and the Southeast by Arabian Plateau. In the modern times, this land forms parts of Iraq, Iran and Turkey. Mesopotamia was watered by two rivers, the Tigris and the Euphrates, and it is famous for its association with the invention of the wheel as well as being regarded as the cradle of civilisation characterised by the mixture of cultures. As a land with many cultures, it is here that many works were developed and written that there is impact is ...

Introduction

Many companies, organizations, and institutions depend on information for their managerial functions. Information is becoming a valuable resource that is derived from the processing of raw facts, figures, and raw data; the unprocessed information is known as data. As companies and organizations continue to grow and expand, the amount of data required to process the needed information also becomes voluminous, resulting to data deposits that have the probability of developing. The data deposits that have the profanity to grow up quickly have to be controlled. With the growth of big data in organizations for a long period, there has been the ...

The Middle East is predominantly an Islamic society. Muslim art and architecture is heavily influenced by the religious attitudes. There is prejudice against pictorial representation of animal figure and human being due to the Prophet Mohammed teachings that are against idols and idol worship. This attitude influenced the development of geometric and stylized designs. Muslims have excelled mostly in the fields of architecture and decorative arts (Choueri 88: Ham 176: Graber 1). Islamic artists draw their inspiration from many sources: inspiration was drawn from Byzantine, Indian, Chinese and Persian models. These craftsmen then made their models in original and ...

[Author’s Name] The Nile River is located in the continent of Africa, towards the north east. It is the world’s longest river and is considered as the backbone of the existence and culture of North African states. The River Nile inundated the Mesopotamian region and helped it to flourish otherwise it would only be a devastated area without the Nile River. Mesopotamia is used to signifying "the land between rivers." It included some part of the Middle East amid and about the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. In present times, this land is located in Iraq for the ...

ANALYSIS AND EXPORATION OF ASIA MINOR BY HORATIO SOUTHGATE

<Student’s Name>

Asia Minor, the area which is located in the north-western part of Asia and includes Anatolic peninsula, Mesopotamia and surrounding areas, has always been a crossroad of civilizations. The history of the region pretty much reflects the history of mankind. From Hettic and Phinician tribes to Egiptians, from Ancient Persians, Greeks and Romans to modern Turks, Kurds and Arabs – hundreds of nations have crossed the land or settled down there. The importance of geopolitical and economical status of the area was understood of leaders of various nations throughout the past three thousand years. Being a bridge ...

Technology and geography are unquestionably the most important factors that have influenced many of the nations, even the current super power and those among the developed nations. However, few people really understand how the current civilization came about or where it started and the people who have benefited the most. Of importance to note is that almost everything in our daily life has an element of technology; from listening to a sermon in church, to going to international war, from the activities of the farmer to the deals of a great cartel swindling his countries money. One of the notable effects ...

There is a broad chronological development of the world civilization across ages. Understanding the development of the concept of civilization requires that we explore the conditions that independently of holistically allow the sophistication of human developments. Several elements that are distinctively different need to combine before a community of human beings can be said to have developed to a sophistication level, basically referred to as civilization (Buckle 24). Initial stages involve the emergence of settlements in the form of towns or cities/marketing centers. Settlements can establish under circumstances of efficient food production among a large group of minority in the community especially when ...

Introduction

The Fertile Crescent is a region that is crescent shaped that contains a fertile land that is usually called the arid and semiarid in the western Asia, Nile delta of the north east of Africa and the Nile valley. James Henry Breasted who was an archaeologist named the term Fertile Crescent. The countries that lie in the Fertile Crescent are Mesopotamia, Assyria, and Egypt. In the modern countries are Kuwait, Egypt, Israel, Iraq, Lebanon and Syria. It is presumed that education began since the human existence where parents pass on the traditions on values to their children who will do the ...

Mesopotamia holds a significant place and value in terms of history. It is significant on account of its cultural, political, architectural, and geographical existence. The region consisted of modern day multiple countries. The overall region was spread across the Mediterranean and mountainous areas of the region. It is amongst one of the first few river civilizations based and established along the major rivers of that region. The word Mesopotamia in itself means “between rivers” (Armstrong,3). Based on its rich cultural affiliations and influences its traces and influences can be traced in the other Middle Eastern civilizations as well and ...

The Epic of Gilgamesh is usually an epic poem from Mesopotamia written within 2000 BCE. This poetry is one of the ancient literature works in the history of human. According to the scholars, epic of Gilgamesh originated from Sumerian poetry collected in the Akkadian epic in 18th century BCE. The poems were translated by George Smith and then first published in 1870. George Smith was a British Assyriology. Epic of Gilgamesh consists of eleven sections or tablets which are made up the main body. Later, a 12th tablet was added but it is not that recognized although it is not sequential. ...