Self-Interest College Essays Samples For Students

Is the Das Adam Smith Problem Relevant Today? An Assessment of the Modern Economic Conception of Agency for Understanding Human Conduct in General and Moral Conduct In Particular

An Assessment of the Modern Economic Conception of Agency for Understanding Human Conduct in General and Moral Conduct In Particular
Adam Smith
Adam Smith was a Scottish political economist, born in June 5, 1723. He is one of the most renowned political economist, lecturer and essayist. Adam Smith is known for his contributions to the field of politics, economy and moral philosophy, having written two of the most revered books ...

Although critical of democracy, Tocqueville did recognize that democracy was the form of political arrangement which would most likely be dominant in the future. While democracy could lead to an overall well being, it could also lead to a type of servitude.
Examine and evaluate two of the principal means – the notion of self-interest properly understood and the need for associations – which Tocqueville believed are necessary to mitigate against the dangers of equality and democratic society.

Tocqueville’s Idea of Democracy

The criticism of American democracy by Tocqueville can be expressed as “the tyranny of the majority” (Roark, p. 19). This idea has been ...

Adam Smith was the first economist to claim that self-interest was the primary human motivator. Perhaps, one of the most famous quotes from the “Wealth of Nations” suggests that “it is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer or the baker, that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest” (Smith ). Self-interest, according to Smith, guides the consumer response to price changes and wage adjustment , while producers pursue self-interest in maximizing profits and altering supply level based on the market conditions. The self-interest, therefore, maintains equilibrium in the economic lives of nations, fostering ...

Ethical Egoism
Strong psychological egoism claims that people always act only out of self-interest (Hinman, 2013, p. 96). The concept of self-interest remains a crucial aspect of human behavior. I believe that humans always act out of self-interest. For proof, consider all great innovators and inventors in history. While altruists might argue that the inventors produced things that became a boon to mankind, the motive power behind these inventions was self-interest. The inventors were interested in advancing their skill and knowledge. In doing so, they discovered things on the frontiers of science. Their inventions, therefore, should properly be taken as ...

Chapter 5: Morality and Religion

Religion is known to be one of the principles that motivate people to behave in moral ways. However, this type of motivation is considered problematic at times. The idea of eternal punishment normally motivates people to behave in particular ways and manner. This is in a bid to avoid or earn certain consequences for the actions committed. This is considered problematic since a change in the nature of repercussions would imply a change in the moral compass, which means that people are not acting morally for the purpose of being moral but to evade punishment (Shaffer-Landau 13).
On the ...

Chapter 3

‘Instructors’ Name’
Many social and political scientists have used scientific tools for understanding public behavior. Garry .R. Orren in his article ‘Beyond Self Interest’ delineates how most of these theories propose that social patterns are mostly formed based on an individual’s self interest. In other words they say an individual support or oppose a public policy, based on the implications it will have on his personal need. Orren disagrees with these theories and takes the opposite view by stating it is the group/shared values that affect an individual’s public behavior. For that he takes three theories, neoclassical ...

Introduction

Adam Smith is one of the most revered economists that influenced the development of modern economic thought. Adam Smith is famous for coining the term “the invisible hand of the market” which is the perfect metaphor for market movements driven by supply and demand. However what makes Adam Smith’s thinking unique is how it ties is yet contradicts the teachings of great thinkers ahead of him such Aristotle and Saint Thomas Aquinas on their ideas of wealth accumulation and self-motivation. He also thought similarly but contrasted with his contemporaries such as Bernard Mandeville.

Adam Smith was a Scottish ...

Ayn Rand’s essays in a book titled The Virtue of Selfishness are thought provoking on the issues of ethics and are a continuation of the discourse on what actions should be considered as moral or amoral as performed by human beings. The traditional ethicists have always viewed self-interest with suspicion with most of the ethicist praising acts that are selfless in intent while viewing actions motivated by self-interest as amoral acts. According to the traditional view of ethics, a self-centered individual does not deliberate the wellbeing of other people and, therefore, will damage the interest of others while ...

Introduction

This paper explores the various forms of economic systems and their methods of allocating resources. Economic resource allocation seeks to achieve economic efficiency in all dimensions of resource allocation among the various economic actors within any economic set up. The major focus will mainly entail the command economy as well as the market system of economy. A market system of economy, normally known as capitalism or free economy is a system of resource allocation in which the factors of production are allowed to move freely, the economy is allowed to operate freely without intervention from the central governments. It is ...

Introduction

The validity of the law cannot be associated with morality though; there are many instances where moral norms becomes important when formulating laws but still the society can change them if needs be. This concept clearly shows the power of moral decadence and offensive laws existing in legal systems. The dignity in the society continues to depreciate since the law does not take its validity from morality. There are many actions disallowed in the past, but in the current times, they are the most praised acts. The human rights organization plays a major role in disregarding a moral society and promoting ...

The best arguments I would give to my colleague for sharing the vaccine with others would be one of either the thought of the repercussions of not doing so would be more distressing weighed against the possibility of contracting the deadly disease. Psychologists call this punishment-reward. When faced with a situation where behavior is both detrimental and gratifying to one, the course of action is determined by the measure of how gratifying the positive consequences would be, versus how harmful the negative consequences would be. Naturally pain is avoided, and gratification is sought.
Since, as is the assumption, no ...

The moral point of view refers to people’s perspective on an issue based on whether the issue is deemed morally applaudable or morally right or wrong. So it involves the resolutions or laws created based on a larger perspective about what is right or wrong, one that affects or impacts more than merely one person, and therefore doesn’t take a person’s self-interest into account. The point of view can be identified by two characteristics: a best practice of deferring to reason; in other words, the resolutions should be the outcome of thoughtful sound reasoning, rather than ...

Question One

Civil disobedience was viewed in different ways by various scholars. For Martin Luther King, civil disobedience should be used to pass over government rules. He also asserted that the theory of natural law and contemporary consent may be required by the law as a genuine act of civil disobedience. He also considered civil disobedience in the form of non-violent refusal to obey the laws of the government. Civil disobedience may be applied on a large scale to force the government to negotiate changes. It is also conscientious. This implies that it may be motivated by religious convictions and the ...

While it is true that people appear generally selfish, there seems to be genuine altruism in the world. This means people must act apart from their own self-interest in some instances, even if it is not often. A homeless man a street corner, for example, may only have a few dollars in his pocket to feed himself, but he may not be that hungry. Seeing somebody worse off than himself (keep in mind, he is homeless), he may give the money to somebody who is hungry at that moment. There is literally nothing in it for this person, as ...

IDEOLOGIES: OLD AND WORN OUT OR FRESH AND NECESSARY

FOR THE POLITICS OF TODAY

Harvard 8 pages 20 references
1.0 Ideologies: Old and worn out or fresh and necessary in politics today
1.1 Introduction
All ideologies “embody an account of social and political reality and an account of how that reality could be bettered” (Finlay et al.2003:2). In other words ideologies are based in political and social reality but at the same time they are linked to a dream of a better world. Historically the Conservative and Liberal Party have been the two most powerful and popular types of ideologies in the United Kingdom (UK). The names of ...

Personal Reflection on Chinese Cultural Message About Conflict

Introduction
The Chinese culture is regarded as among the oldest in the world. Its 4,000 years old civilization has established a nation that has the most distinctive features. From the ancient formation of Chinese culture until today, conflicts have largely contributed to the shaping of a country that is regarded today as an emerging global economic superpower. The capability of any Chinese citizen to cope up with emerging conflicts is a skill that was forged by the culture of oppression from Mongolian invasion during the ancient times and the Chinese reformation during the time of Mao Zedong in 1949. Individualism ...

Jack Snyder talks of realism, liberalism and idealism in the context of United States of America. The effects these two theories have on foreign policies are enormous as is evident from the policies undertaken by the United States of America. The theoretical debate between idealism and realism is also a matter of discussion. In his essay, the author discusses the intricacies and complexities of the theories of international relations in view of the contemporary state of affairs in world politics. In reference to another essay by him, one can get to know of the democracies and wars and the effects ...

Business Ethics

Introduction
Business ethics is the study of the required business practices and policies concerning controversial issues that are of key importance such as insider trading, discrimination, bribery, fiduciary responsibilities and corporate social responsibilities. The ethics of a business are usually governed by the laws while they can also provide a framework that the business may choose to follow so that they can obtain public attention (Ferrell, Fraedrich, Ferrell, 2010, p. 143).

The business ethics are usually implemented to ensure that some specific level of the required trusts exists between who participates in the market for the business product or services ...

The topic of this essay is to review opposing positions on the topic of “Euthanasia” . The source for the essay is James Rachel’s 'The Right thing to Do', 6th edition. Euthanasia is defined as intentionally killing by action or omission of a dependent person for his or her alleged benefit. If the death occurs without being intended, it doesn’t qualify as an act of euthanasia. (Euthanasia Definitions).
The discussion of Euthanasia is very important to our study of ethics as it is the process of ending a life voluntarily. Though this practice has surfaced to end the misery ...

In Ayn Rand's "Anthem," civilization had lost the understanding of freedom and individuality. Only one person along with a few friends dared to fight against the conformity that had become the norm. Throughout human history, there have been many people who have tried to force others to confirm to a set of rules and regulations. Conformity can be seen in India's caste system, the introduction of school uniforms, and in today's capitalistic society. There have been revolutions started by a person or group that overthrew the idea that society must confirm to a certain hierarchy in order to function properly. The Indian caste ...

Philosophy

The self-interest of person is itself a relative term as it is defined by various factors for example culture, religion, level of education and personal interests. Self-interest can also be defined as narcicism. Self-interest can vary as far as saddicism as long as it serves the personal interests of the sadist
Philosophical egoism can be proven to be true through thorough dissection and in-depth analysis of actions that are thought to be the most selfless ever committed. All actions serve to suit personal interests. A person giving a beggar money in the streets may seem selfless but they are actually ...

Introduction

Modern market economy is a complex social system of the division of labor under private ownership of the means of production that includes a large number of diverse industrial, commercial, financial and information structures that interact on the common legal principles. In this system every person acts for his own good; but everybody’s actions collaborate and are aimed at the satisfaction of other people’s wants and needs as well as at the satisfaction of own. Every individual serves and is being served by the others; all people are both means for production and consumers at the same time.
...

Introduction

I, Pencil is an interesting and captivating story by Leonard Read. The story is of timeless significance as it outlines the manufacturing processes that people tend to neglect. The story as narrated by the author is intended to explain the invisible hand that harmonizes all the individual’s activities to benefit the society as a whole. The I, Pencil story depicts the whole process of manufacturing the pencil, from the natural resources to the product, pencil. It also demonstrates that no single individual can make an item without the involvement of other people and other resources. This paper focuses on ...

The common resources are natural and cultural resources, and they include air, water, ocean and habitable earth. These common resources are accessible to all society members. The resources are not privately owned but instead are held in common. Due to a tragedy of commons, individual users of the shared resources act independently as directed by their self-interest and deplete the resources by behaving contrary to the shared resources. For instance, oceans as common resources are usually subjected to overexploitation and abuse since it is not private property. Since the competition of fisheries is high, the fishing firms demonstrate predatory ...

Summary/Analysis

INTRODUCTION
Main idea: Frequent ethical lapses by corporate executives require university administrators and business school faculty members to evaluate study curricula regarding ethics

Specific Section: Ethical Egoism

Thesis statement: Despite the reinterpretation of ethical egoism, as long as it is based solely on self-interest, ethical teachings will be rendered useless.

SUMMARY

Business schools teach students to think critically and equip them with tools to be financially successful and become better contributors to the society. However, recent events in the corporate sectors have seen frequent lapses in ethical behavior. Maybe an evaluation is due regarding the ethics in the curriculums of business schools. Integrating ethical ...

Public opinion, in relation to politics, can be loosely defined as the commonly held beliefs or ideas of the people in regards to a specific public policy, politician, political party, political ideology, or government act. While public opinion has always been a concern for all political systems, as failure to take public opinion into consideration has often led to the downfall of a regime; it is a fundamentally consideration of a democratic political system, such as the United States, where political authority is based on the will and blessing of the masses. In the US, public opinion about politics ...

According to the film, "Enron: the Smartest Guys in the Room," weaknesses in the capitalistic system are exhibited such as the cultures that have been created that involves practices of fraud and greed. These practices are fostered by the fact that the economic system is vulnerable to abuse by anyone who could manipulate the stockholders as well as the public. For instance, the management of Enron was able to augment their share price by convincing the public that it was making sufficient money without providing any prove. Another weakness is the ignorance of the regulators to ensure that the ...

The article provides us with a profound insight of the Adam Smith’s philosophy. Moreover, it depicts Smith in a new light, which was unknown to most of the people, even those interested in economic theory and philosophy. Amartya Sen, in his article “Adam Smith and the contemporary world” asserts that usually people underestimate Smith’s influence on the economic theory and society as a whole. To prove the point, the author provides scores of relevant examples, quoting different passages from various works.

Everyone knows that Adam Smith is considered to be a “father of a modern economy”, however, not all of his ...

1. A "Virtue of anarchy" (or a positive effect of the constant threat of the use of force) in the international system according to Kenneth Waltz. (From Anarchic structures and balances of power, mainly Virtues of Anarchy)

Kenneth Waltz argues that countries reside in a state of war. Nation-states are guided solely by self-interests both internal, such as economic and military power, and external, by forming alliances and counter blocks. Some countries may have military potential and can use it anytime they want as a means of self-interest. K. Waltz implies that this violence is due to the anarchy, or chaos ...

Abstract

The ethical issue of vaccination in the United States has become a controversial one of late, despite its status as a long-standing medical practice borne of practical results and rigorous scientific study. However, recent years have seen a rise in the anti-vaccination movement, cultivated chiefly through the Internet and popular cultural figures advocating for vaccine refusal. When viewing and examining this issue from a utilitarian perspective, it becomes clear that compulsory vaccination remains a moral and ethical imperative, regardless of the controversy that has surrounded it.
The ethical issue of vaccination in the United States has become a controversial one of late, despite its ...

Introduction

Classical realism and neo-realism represents the evolution and proliferation of international politics. Even in contemporary times, the political leaders staunchly represent these theories in their practical application of political ideals. This paper is an extensive study of these two forms of realism. It begins by defining realism; then identifies the major differences among these concepts and exemplifies its significance across the world. Finally, a conclusion is drawn by elaborating on contemporary politics and its use/rebuttal of these concepts.

Defining realism

According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2013), realism has its foundation in theories proposed by Thucydides, Machiavelli and Hobbes. It is ...

Business Ethics 2

Q1. Differentiate the concepts of morality and social ethics.
Morality: Morals and values have become, or it has created the spine of today’s modern society, every individual’s conscience and religion, and morality refers to the code of conduct, which is adopted within an environment, a set of rules which directs an individual towards right or wrong (Padilla, 2004). For example murder is a crime, it is immoral, but murder in a battlefield is ethical or permissible.
Social Ethics: Social ethics are moral principles that one way or the other shows the collective knowledge, practice or experience and culture ...

Chapter 1: The Corporation and Its Stakeholders

Abstract
Business and the society are interrelated enterprises that work together to achieve their desired goals and objectives. Members of the society engage in business activities in their daily endeavors through being social. We engage between each other through products and currencies in which we interact with each other. All over the world, organizations are created by human beings, which make it relative to the society, but separated by boundaries. As mentioned in the textbook “business activities impact other activities in society and actions by various social actors and governments continuously affect business.” Theories have been used to ...

1. Introduction
God created all things visible, invisible, including all spiritual beings. God’s work of creation was good, both physically and morally. God blessed creation with all his loving-kindness. God has given responsibilities to all the living beings as a care taker of earth. Out of all creations the human begins is the dominant creation in the earth. The human begins framed a certain rules by themselves and they strict to that rules. Even they don’t know whether the framed rules are morally correct. There is lot of moral principles written by many people. Most of the moral ...

(Name of your Course)
(Name of your Tutor)
1.How do economists define rationality? Why, according to Mancur Olson, is it inadequate in explaining collective behavior? Extending this logic, explain why economic rationale cannot explain terrorism? How can we theoretically understand the motivations of a terrorist? In this context, explain the concept of “Janus’ Children.”
Economists such as Karl Popper place the principle of rationality on a situational analysis. According to this concept, a rational person would first analyze his or her situation and social surroundings before selecting a course of action that is reasonable and appropriate. While psychologists seek to ...

Introduction

Physician-assisted suicide has been subject to much global public debate. As the topic on human rights continues to gain momentum and make waves across the consciousness of people all over the world, humanity also continues to expand the scope and coverage of their rights. The right to death, as best manifested by physician-assisted suicide, is one such right. Highly controversial, this particular right brings forth some important questions. Firstly, when does one’s right to death begin? Secondly, to what extent should the physician take responsibility for the person who requested for death? Finally, on a personal note, can the ...

Introduction

Ethical dilemmas are an integral part of every aspect of human life today. Apparently ethical dilemmas are among the principal factors that make the process of decision making more complicated. The major reason why ethical dilemmas make decision making complicated is because they pose two possible answers to a situation, both appearing to be correct. In an ethical dilemma, either side has a strong argument behind its decision. Worth noting is the fact that ethical dilemmas exist in all fields of life, ranging from the world of medicine to the world of business. Arguably, business is among the widest fields of human ...

Introduction: Afghanistan as America’s Longest War

In Chapter 2 of her book, Every Man in this Village is a Liar, Megan Stack described the start of the Afghan War in 2001 and the failed attempt to capture or kill Osama bin Laden at Tora Bora. Bin Laden is dead now, of course, gunned down by a Navy SEAL team at his hideout in Pakistan, but the war in Afghanistan drags on despite all loss of popular support for it there or in the United States. None of the conditions Stack observed in 2001, such as the corruption of the warlords, the poverty and despair of the common ...

Psychological egoism vs. ethical egoism

The term psychological egoism refers to the notion that human conducts are always done out of self interest. This means that they are selfish by nature to the extent that anything they do, is only meant to benefit themselves, in one way or another. Psychological egoism is a form of descriptive ethics which only emphasizes on how things are done, but do not say how they ought to be performed. On the other hand, ethical egoism simply means that the morality of an action is dependent on the self interest of a person performing that very act. According to this theory, ...

Thomas Hobbes uses the state of nature as the basis for his ethical and political thought. The state of nature is a postulation of an imaginary situation in which there is no form of government. People living in this state would be free to determine their lives as they please. The individual would be the judge, the jury and executioner of their own fate. In this state there is perpetual restlessness as everyone tries to gain power for purposes of self-preservation.

Hobbes equates human beings to any other physical object or machine whose operation and movement can be described in ...

This essay looks at various issues relating to the Brazilian Real, including its relationship with other currencies and financial mechanisms designed to maintain stability for the currency.
First of all, attention is focused on how the Real plan helped to combat hyperinflation from 1987 to 1997. During this 10 year period, Brazil saw a large part (40%) its Gross National Product (GNP) swallowed up by hyperinflation; thereby ensuring that only the basic essentials such as food and clothing were purchased, and cash or savings accounts were discarded due to the rapid decline in the purchasing power of the Real. ...

Describe and explain the myth of the reluctant superpower. What historical events serve to justify and legitimize this social construct? In your opinion, is the United States a “reluctant superpower”, an accident of providence? Or, is it an ambitious political entity seeking to “manage” world affairs in order to protect and promote its national interests? Provide examples to support your argument.
The myth of the reluctant superpower can be seen as the conventional interpretative narrative of American foreign policy since the Spanish/American War of 1898. In this narrative version of American foreign policy, the intervention of the United States ...

Free market economics

Free market economy or laissez faire is usually defined as an economy, where government plays virtually no role in the economic decision-making. It is an extreme case of market economy, which is based on the assumption that price mechanism correctly reflects the current situation in the economy and regulates production and consumption in the country (Arnold, 2008). Resource allocation in such economy is subjected to the supply and demand laws of the market. In the market economy only the most profitable goods are being produced. However, pure free market economy is an idealized scenario, which cannot exist in the ...

In theory, financial accounting and reporting should be objective and neutral. However, the standard setting process can be a challenge as it is influenced by external factors and groups with different interests (Gaffikin, 2005). In different countries, financial accounting tends to be heavily regulated, with laws governing how particular transactions and events are to be recognized, measured and disclosed (Gaffikin, 2005). As such, the accounting process leads to the generation of general purpose financial reports. There are two approaches to the accounting regulation process, the regulated and non-regulated approach (Hossain, 2011).
The non-regulated approach is also known as the ...

Unethical behavior refers to actions that fall beyond activities that are considered morally right for a person, industry or profession. There are various examples of such behaviors such as:
Motivated blindness- this refers to the tendency of individuals to neglect information that works against the belief of people. This aspect can either be that the position works to their self-interest or that they have held the view for a very long time that they cannot detach from it because they have invested in it emotionally.
Indirect blindness- this involves the habit of people not noticing unethical behaviors of others ...

Introduction

Who wins and who loses? The one who wins has reflected his or her ability to influence the behavior of others. This is power. As defined by Robert Dahl, a leading political theorist, power is the ability of one to get another to do something he or she would not otherwise do as a result of the will imposed by the other, where adherence is driven by obligation rather than force. Power is dynamic, relative, situational and multidimensional. According to Steve Lukes, there are three dimensions of power. The first dimension of power is intentional and active, and involves ...

I would like to send my letter of inquiry and fundraising proposal to the local municipal council. In my town, there is a prevalence of homeless people. Due to their miserable living conditions, they are more prone to various diseases and involvement in criminal activities. Alcohol abuse among the homeless is also another major issue haunting their growing numbers. The local Municipal Corporation can help solve this problem by making a shelter(s) for the homeless.
The best way to resolve the issue in terms of effectiveness and speed would be to build temporary shelters around the local church ...

Every business entity has the code of conduct that guides the actions of its employees. It is crucial for the management of the companies to ensure that the letter, as well as spirit of the principles, are observed. However, various employees still engage in unethical behaviours that have the potential to affect the reputation of a given institution or profession. The field of accounting has been one of the most affected sectors (Smith, Merlone, & Duffy, 2016). The employees often break most of these ethical guidelines willingly. The impacts of unethical behaviour in the accounting sector are far reaching. This ...

Need of Code of Ethics in Engineering

Engineering profession needs Code of Ethics in order to indicate the conducts and standards that all the members of an organization such as Engineers Island adopt and abide by in their professional lives. The Code of Ethics is meant for enabling engineer to maintain cordial relations with employers, peers, clients, and society (Humphreys 1999). The Code of Ethics is also for creating awareness in Engineers regarding social as well as environmental obligations. It is for developing and maintaining professional standards and conduct. Further, it is also for ensuring proper adoption and implementation of disciplinary action, and also for enforcing ...

Ethics is the philosophical study of morality. If a person begins with a description and proceeds directly to a normative (moral) judgment, what fallacy has one committed? Use your critical thinking skills to determine how a person would create a valid argument about morality (hint: it has to do with premises)—that is, an argument that does not commit this type of fallacy. Explain the notion of just deserts. Under what kinds of conditions is this notion reasonable? Under what kinds of conditions is it not? That is, explain and discuss the applicability of the notion of just deserts.

...

Feature film “Gone, Baby, Gone” directed by Ben Affleck and based on the novel by the same name by Dennis Lehane does not only keep the attention of spectators but also makes them face a moral dilemma and judge if the final action by the main character, Patrick Kenzie, was right or wrong.
In the article about this film, which is called “The cruelest crime of all” and was published by The Guardian in 2008 the author gives such a plot review: “The film has a sinuous, labyrinthine plot and what begins as a combination of police procedural thriller ...

Capitalism has come a long road before becoming the dominant social order on the planet. Adam Smith was one of the first economists to fully describe the benefits that free market capitalism can bring. Moreover, he was the first to systematically analyze the main economic categories such as wages, labor, profit, rent, population, demand, and supply. His work Wealth of Nations was groundbreaking, and he is considered one of the fathers of capitalism not without a reason. In this work, I will show that Adam Smith succeeds in his criticism of mercantilism and governmental market regulations and proves that ...

Human Behavior Impact on Environment

Human being is, at the same time, the product of environment and its major influencing force. The development of human activities over the centuries and the development of knowledge innovation and technology allowed our society in many ways control and direct the environmental phenomena to a much greater extent than other living creatures. The truth is that this complex and multifaceted relationships between a human and nature brought a number of new challenges. Some of the human behavior and activities have the very clear impact on the environment, whether positive or negative, but the type of influence that one ...

Introduction

It is important for human beings to make good use of the market forces while at the same time regulating and modifying our natural reliance on it to be able to secure the environmental and social values. However, this has not been the case over the years as companies and international corporations went ahead to violate environmental and human protection rights. Organizations and businesses have a responsibility of ensuring that they protect the environment from destruction while at the same time adhering to the human protection laws and principles. In regards to the above information, the paper answers questions ...

Social movements are collective behaviors that are organized, purposeful, institutionalized, but their actions cannot be repeated. They seek some limited social change and tend to focus on a narrow group of people but advocate for radical changes. They also advocate for limited social change but tend to affect the changes across the entire society. The past analyses of social movements and social movement organizations have often been assumed to have a link with the frustrations and grievances of a collectivity of actors. The theoretical centrality of the analyses directs the socials movements away from its intense emphasis on the ...

Q1. The Matthew effect in Robert Holmes project

The Matthew effect refers to the situation in which the richer get richer while the poor continue to be poorer (Gladwell, 15). The lives and prospects of the people of Robert Holmes coupled with the exposition of Gladwell in his book “Outliers” tend to justify the Matthew effect. They lend credence that it is extra ordinary opportunities that we are faced with in life that shape us rather than extra ordinary talents. It is therefore no surprise that the people of Robert Holmes, who are predominantly black, are stuck with poverty no matter their tacit attempts to escape from ...

One of the most popular political economists in Europe was Adam Smith who had the chance to judge through examinations the implication of colonies that had transpired for over 300 years. However, even if the analysis he made were dispassionate and very full of meaning for the arguments and insights, he incorporated his bias of being an opposition to the disproportionate regulation of the trades happening among colonies. In addition, Adam Smith had this interrelation with the declaration of independence which contained that all human being around the globe are said to be created as equal. This also entails ...

1. Canterbury Tales is similar to the “new” world in that in both cultural contexts, religion uses the fears of the worshipers in order to build profits. In that time, the Pardoner was carrying around false relics that he would sell in order to make money. He also carried around indulgences, which were basically “Get Out of Hell Free” cards that let the purchaser gain freedom from sin just by buying the document.
In modern times, the fear has changed from excommunication to a lack of material success. That is why such evangelists as Joel Osteen promise believers that ...

Despite psychology being a theoretical subject, its application in our day to day lives is immense. The different results from experiments carried out by most of the theorists can be applied in different fields of our lives and the society at large. Psychology touches on various aspects of our lives which include work, families, health, finance, spiritual and social relations. The study of humans and animals mind and behavior is important to understanding the differences and similarities in people leading to better relations and quality of life (Penner, Dovidio, Piliavin, & Schroeder, 2005). One of the aspects that we learned ...

How did Thomas Hobbes Understand The Connection Between Religion And Politics?

Introduction
Thomas Hobbes was born in 1588 in England; he was an English Philosopher of the 17th century who was best known for the work done in the fields of political and moral philosophies. He wrote a book named as Leviathan (1651) in which he shared his political views. The early life of Thomes Hobbes was spent free of anxiety as he attained education from the finest institutions where he interacted with the most intellectual people and prominent personalities who were expert in their fields. His work struggled a lot to gain society acceptance. His books are the depiction ...