Essays on Electromagnetic

Ethical Issues

Harnessing energy while walking to charge your phone would be a new technological development. The world is seeking other alternative sources of energy, especially given the looming threat of water shortage which is a problem to hydro-electricity (Wang, et al, 2016). Hence, this product will reduce the over-reliance of electricity and phone batteries thus contributing to environmental sustainability. Capturing energy from human motion is a promising energy source as it reduces exploitation of resources, particularly because it avoids extreme energy consumption. Further, people achieve significant health benefits by walking rather than driving or riding in motorcycles. More so, the ...

Controversial Questions

Some of the controversial topics in the field of electrical engineering are Can electromagnetic waves resulting from mobile phones cause cancer? Is nuclear energy the best energy source and solution for the future? Will artificial intelligence become a reality? Interview Questions Is nuclear power the best energy solution for the future? What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear power Is there a significant difference between some of the hazards associated with nuclear power generation and the hazards that people face on a daily basis? (Sovacool 30).

Can nuclear power be managed in a manner that is safe from potential natural disasters?

What are some of the strategies that can be used ...

An Assay

Mathematics Background of the Maxwell equations Let us consider Maxwell equations system: (1) (2) This is a system of the two dependent variables, x and y, which generally depend on independent scalar, i. e. t (say, it be ‘time’).

In the matrix form it is:

dX/dt = A*X, (3) where X = (x; y) is a column of the two coordinates, x and y, on the Descartes’ plane;

A is a 2 x 2 matrix of scalars: a11, a12, a21, a22,

Where a11 = 0; a12 = –1; a21 = 1; a22 = 0. There we understand A*X as a product of matrices A (a 2 x 2 matrix) and X (a 1 x 2 matrix, or a column two-component vector of ...

Inventions

Introduction Modern world is run on the inventions of thousands of scientists and inventors. And among the most important aspects of our civilization are ease of movement of cargo and people, and ease of communication over long distances. The subject of this essay discusses two critical inventions which kick started the modern industrial civilization and made it possible for a global society to to communicate and exchange goods. Steam engine and radio are still being used in various forms in our society and their importance is evident from the revolution they brought about.

Although steam powered toys and gadgets ...

Electromagnetic induction can be defined as the production of electromotive voltage or force across an electrical conductor when it dynamically interacts with a magnetic field. There are numerous uses of electromagnetic induction, for example, in electromagnetic elements such as transformers and inductors, electric motors, generators, and transcranial magnetic stimulators.

Applications of Electromagnetic Induction

Electromagnetic induction is an extremely useful phenomenon with various applications. It’s applied in the creation of eddy currents, which are swirling currents set up in conductors in response to changing magnetic fields. Electrons in the field swirl in a perpendicular plane to the magnetic field causing loss or transformation ...

Hacking into a PC even if one’s own; has become considerably ingenious and requires a simple matter of following instructions even if the user is not giftedly skillful. There are also more than a few ways in which this hacking could be carried out, and all that’s needed is access to the right soft wares that could get the job done. The Lazy Method requires the use of a CD with a live .iso file, and all that remains is the booting of the file from the CD. The second method involves the breaking of the password ...

Abstract

The uses of radiation revolutionized medicine when experimentation on its potential applications begun. X-Ray technology, discovered by Wilhem Roentgen, is currently used as a common tool for diagnostics; Henri Becquerel, Marie Curie and Pierre Curie dedicated themselves to further investigations in the field, discovering additional radioactive materials (polonium and radium); radiation therapy is a popular treatment for cancer. This paper analyzes the historical background behind these two applications of radiation in the medical field. Moreover, the different types of radiotherapy are described (external-beam radiation therapy, internal radiation therapy). The concept of radiation homeostasis, which is the notion that low-dose ...

Ultraviolet light (UV light) is a type of electromagnetic radiation that is located between visible light and X-rays in the electromagnetic spectrum. It is invisible to the human eye, and has a frequency greater than that of visible light but lesser than X-rays. It has a wavelength ranging from about 10 nm to 400 nm (ISO, 2007). UV light is a part of the radiation that comes from the sun. It can also be produced artificially by electric arcs, black lights, tanning lamps and mercury vapor lamps. The name Ultraviolet literally translates to “beyond violet”, as it has a ...

Introduction

The constant development in almost every aspect of the society has led to a lot of new inventions, needs, and growing trends. With growing population all around the world, new businesses have been formed while the existing business has grown. Security issues have also been in the spotlight with different incidences and threat on different aspect demanding for an improved security system (Wilson, & McCreight, 2012). There has always been the need to advance security measure throughout history as security issues are prone to societal changes and advancement of technology and know-how. Currently, most security measures that were being used ...

Electrical power in New Zealand is generated majorly from renewable energy sources such as wind, geothermal and hydropower. Renewable energy sources contribute 75% of the total power generated in the country. As a result, New Zealand has one of the greenest energy infrastructures in the world. Energy demand in the country has been steadily rising by an annual margin of 2.1% from 1974 to 2010. However, energy demand fell by a margin of 1.2% in the period spanning from 2010 to 2013. New Zealand is above average in global energy intensity ratings. However, it has also been ranked among ...

Implications of Erecting Additional Transmission Lines

Introduction Auckland is one of the regions in New Zealand. Auckland does not have many power generation sites like the other regions in New Zealand. However, the demand characteristics for Auckland are still high and are projected to increase due to population growth and economic development. Given that many of the energy production sites have been developed and the development of the remaining sites faces opposition from environmental groups, the viable options for easing the supply issues in Auckland include the development of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar energy, the optimization of the current transmission network ...

Abstract

DC motors are employed and used in various applications to perform various tasks which require the conversion of electric current to mechanical motions. In most cases, DC motors are used as actuators to convert the electric current from the output of a control system to a mechanical motion for a present function. This experiment employed the use of simple and easily available materials to construct a simple homemade DC motor. The project used basic components such as coil of wire, permanent magnet and simple dc battery to construct a simple device which demonstrated the operation of a simple DC ...

Radiography can be defined as the science of making film records from X-rays, also known as radiographs of the human body’s internal anatomy, by exposing a film that has been sensitized to electromagnetic radiation to the body. It is with these photographs that a record is made out of the findings which are used for examination in the diagnostic processes (Hertrich, 2005). It was formally referred as ‘plain’ X-rays but was switched to the use of electromagnetic radiation because it is the suitable general term that covers the other types of medical imaging like ultrasound. Radiography is usually ...

Wave and Wind Power Generation

Wind Physics Basics Wind is atmospheric air which is in motion Energy Source The earth surface absorbs solar radiation differently. Some parts absorb more radiation than other. This creates pressure zones. As a result of pressure, air moves from high-pressure zones to low-pressure zones. This causes atmospheric air motion known as wind. Wind is a renewable source of energy. It is constantly available free of charge (Bhattacharyya, 2011).

Spatial scales

Atmospheric air motion can be categorized depending in terms of spatial scale. Four spatial scales identified include planetary scale, synoptic scale, mesoscale, and microscale. There are various types of spatial scales ...

Chapter 1 – Introduction to Color Study

1. What is the difference between direct light and reflected light? Give examples of each. Direct light travels from the source to the destination without being interrupted while reflected light is the light produced when the direct light bounces off a material. One example of direct light is the sunlight while reflection from the mirror is an example of reflected light (Young, Freedman & Ford, pp. 1080). 2. Describe the cause of color, the means used to generate it, and the effect. Light consists of a spectrum of light wavelengths which have a representative color; thus, upon reaching the retina ...

The heat was intense. The orange light shone on the desert, drying up the remaining puddles of water into vapour, rising into the atmosphere. A lizard crawled slowly, almost dying, parched and with a hide so leather like, one would think it was crisp fried. Slowly, I heard the intense ringing of the siren. Waaang waaaang waaang. It was time to get inside our shelters. The shelters were not made of concrete. Unlike the olden days, concrete was the material of choice. All buildings were once made from stone, from cement mixed with water to form hard solid blocks. ...

WINTER 2016

PURPOSE: APPARATUS: Fiber optics of various lengths Trainer boards Function generator and LED Circuits Radio Wood board and tape Reflective Material Paper Ac voltmeter Cables INTRODUCTION: Fiber optics refers to a field of study under both engineering and applied sciences. It deals with the designing and usage of optical fibers. The fibers are flexible and transparent manufactured through the drawing of plastic or silica (glass) to diameters slightly greater than those of human hairs. Most often, optical fibers serve in the transmission of light between the two fiber’s ends. They find a wide use communications since they can ...

Gravitational, electromagnetic, strong and weak nuclear forces. Gravitational force is an attraction between any two pieces of matter in the universe. Electromagnetic force is present in pieces of matter, which are able to carry electrical charge. Strong force is holding the nuclei of atoms together. Weak force is responsible for radioactive decay. Molecules are built from the atoms and atoms consist of protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons and neutrons are built of smaller particles called quarks. Electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all the light in the universe. Depending on the wavelength and frequency there are radio, micro, infrared, ...

Introduction

The following discussion entails three questions, which are all based on radioactivity with respect to geology. The three questions are further subdivided into three subtopics: Biography of Ernest Rutherford, weathering, and practical consultation.

One of the most recognized personalities in the world of discovery is Ernest Rutherford. This is due to his efforts in chemistry-related research which led to a number of discoveries. Ernest carried out his education mainly in New Zealand, where he was born and brought up. At first, Rutherford did research into the magnetic properties of iron when exposed to high-frequency oscillations. This made him one ...

EMP or simply electromagnetic propulsion is that concept of accelerating a given object by means of an electric current that is flowing and the resultant magnetic field. The current (electrical) in this case is utilized to create a magnetic field that is opposing in the system or in some cases to charge some fluid that can have an opposing object rebelling it. In this short paper, we discuss how magnetism can be used to propel trains by means of either EMS or EDS principles.

Maglev trains

Maglev trains, a short form of magnetic levitation trains are modern day trains that employ ...

Infrared Rays and Ultraviolet Rays

Infrared Rays Infrared (IR) rays are electromagnetic radiations with wavelengths 700nm – 1mm. Almost half of the sun’s energy is made up of infrared waves. They have frequencies of 4-7.5 *10^14 Hz, which is lower than that of visible red light. Hence, IR rays are not visible to the human eye. However, there are several animals which can see IR rays like the snake which uses infrared rays to hunt its prey. IR rays travel with the speed of light which is 300,000,000 meters/sec. IR waves are found in almost every object in the universe which ...

Infrared Cameras

Introduction An infrared camera is a non-contact device that detects infrared energy and converts it into a visible light display. The infrared energy is first translated into electrical impulses that are then converted into data for camera display. The image or video formed on the screen is of different colors depending on the intensity of the infrared emission. Most cameras have built-in visible light digital cameras that allow merging of infrared and visual images. There are two different types of infrared cameras; cooled cameras and uncooled cameras. The cooled infrared cameras produce superior image qualities than uncooled cameras but ...

Introduction

This proposal is about the physics of microwave oven. This includes the interaction of microwaves with metals and the generation of microwaves in magnetrons. The reason for choosing a microwave oven is because they are used common places like in homes and restaurants for warming food. A microwave is a wave that belongs the class of electromagnetic waves. They have frequencies ranging from 300 MHz to 300GHz and wavelengths ranging from 1 m to 1mm. (Bradshaw, Van & Swardt, 201)

Physics of the Microwave

A typical microwave oven consists of the magnetron, fan, power supply, waveguide, turntable and a base plate. The microwaves are ...

Introduction

Interactions between atmospheric energy and matter and with the surface of the earth play an important role in remote sensing. There is a constant interaction between the surface of the earth, electromagnetic radiation and the atmosphere. This interaction determines the spectral areas through which remote sensing can be done (Bucholtz, 1995, 2769). Electromagnetic radiation is propagated via the earth's atmosphere at the speed of light once it has been generated. Since the earth's atmosphere is not a vacuum, it has a different impact on the wavelength, spectral distribution, speed and direction of radiation.

Scattering

One of the results obtained for ...

This video highlights the development of theory of interaction of electricity with magnetism. A number of scientists were involved in understanding, interpreting and validating electromagnetism with simple experiments involving current and magnetic elements. During September 1820, Ampere investigated magnetic effects of repulsion/attraction between like/unlike poles. He developed theory of electro-dynamics related to magnetism as interaction of current elements. Laplace was skeptical of his ideas while some other scientists like Fernel started thinking on converse patterns. Some other scientists like Jean Fernel focused on theory of production of electricity by magnetism and production of currents in conducting metals. Jean Fernel ...