Spending Term Papers Samples For Students

Introduction

An economy of a country goes through different cycles. There will be periods where there will be a boom and at other times there can be a recession. In the Western world the period 2007 to 2009 was a tough period as the economy went through a recession. Many people lost their jobs while others lost their homes. It is estimated that a total of 8.4 Million jobs were lost during the recession period. Mortgage products were the worst hit. Governments came up with measures to stimulate the economy. The American government spent a lot of money bailing out banks and mortgage companies.

There are two ...

Third Round of Quantitative Easing (QE3)

QE3 or the third round of quantitative easing is a central bank (i.e., Federal Reserve) open-ended bond-buying policy directed towards lowering the interest rates and mortgage rates to stimulate demand in the economy. The QE3 in the US that started on September of this year involves buying of mortgage-backed securities (MBS) worth $40 billion every month. This is done by injecting a pre-determined quantity of newly created money in the economy through the purchase of debts (bonds) from banks.
The graph shows what’s happening in the bonds market with the QE3 policy of the Central Bank. As the government ...

Kohl’s International Expansion

Before any company or organization proceed with plans to expand internationally, the management needs to assess the viability of doing so. Part of assessment is determining the advantages and potential contributions of international expansion to the organization (Hines & Bruce, 2007). The organization may also assess and plan expansion simultaneously. In this way, the management can determine where the organization will invest for foreign expansion and how the organization would do it. Practices in planning and assessment will be applied in this discussion in relation to Kohl’s. Kohl’s is a retail chain store based in the United States and ...

Introduction and Causes of the Budget Deficit

The United States Budget Deficit has been in the news recently. This is because of the huge gap between revenues and expenditure that has resulted in a budget deficit of more than a Trillion Dollars each year. The situation was not so bad during the last decade when under President Clinton; the US actually ran a budget surplus. However, once President Bush took over, the budget surplus turned into a deficit mainly because the US was paying for the Iraq war that was very expensive and extended the tax cuts for the rich, which meant that the government went without the tax revenues. ...

Introduction

Norway has a mixed economy structure with government controlling the crucial sectors of the economy. The economy growth is majorly sustained by its natural resources. For a long time, the economy export had been supported by shipping. The key industries in the Norwegian economy are the petroleum and natural gas, food processing, textile, and shipping, among others. Norway’s currency is referred as the Norwegian Krone (NOK). Its current GDP stands at $499.98, and the GDP per capita is 53,293. The paper addresses the macroeconomic elements of the Norwegian economy, by looking into the present economic condition, as well as ...

The budget deficits are situations where the government expenditure exceeds the available collected revenues in a fiscal year. Deficits have existed in the United States state budget, a situation that has forced the government to borrow. Economic slowdowns are the leading causes of a deficit because of the poor performance of taxpaying organization (Tucker 303). The United State budget deficit increased in the years 1960 to 1990. The deficits reduced between the years 1990 to 2006, and started rising again during the Bush administration. The 2012 financial year shows the government has a shortage of $1089 billion compared to $161 billion in the ...

Introduction
This paper is going to review the concept of conspicuous consumption which is basically the spendthrift nature of expenditure with the subject aiming at displaying his or her supposed high income or much accumulated wealth. It is an act majorly practiced by the wealthy to earn a reputation.
Majorly, “conspicuous consumption is done to maintain the social status of the subject as perceived by the onlookers and people close to the subject, conspicuous consumption is as old as civilization” though the term was coined in the 19th century by one Thorstein Veblen. Before the term to ...

1. What is the role of congress in policy making process?
A policy is defined as a course of action that is established by the legislature, executive or the judiciary to influence the behaviors and decisions of the citizens in a federal state. Policy making process is not a monopolized affair and, therefore, involves decisive interactions among all arms of the government and the public participation. The congress and the President participate mutually in the legislative roles to a greater extent. However, their roles are made distinct at some point. The Congress is mandated in Law making, representation of the citizens as ...

Internet Marketing: The importance of using the internet as a marketing tool

Introduction
The purpose of this paper is to not only point out the importance of the internet as a marketing tool but also to highlight the implications of the web on business decision-making processes. The internet has provided a rare opportunity for companies throughout the world to move their operations beyond the physical constraints of the traditional product distribution channels creating an enormous wealth of possibilities for businesses to exploit (Kiang and Chi). Today, the web today has more than 77% rates of penetration in most advanced markets with the emerging markets such as China, Brazil, and India accounting ...

December 12, 2010

Inflation in Macroeconomics

The most effective indicator of country’s economic health is its financial state. Financial system not only provides interconnections in economics, but also conducts macroeconomic regulation, and serves as a tool for governments to regulate economic development. For this reason, the activity of executive power in every country is directed towards stability of financial and credit system and overall financial state. In order to ensure the stability, inflation processes must be controlled. It is necessary because inflation results in harmful socio-economic outcomes: inflation leads to deformation of macroeconomic regulation instruments.
Inflation is a process of price level ...

Purchasing of Groceries

Purchasing of groceries is a kind of customer spending.
The per capita consumption statistics are tracked consumer spending and their structure. The expenses include all the costs of maintaining the standard of living (except for the costs of taxes and others. Obligatory payments); their value depends on both the income and the state of the consumer market, which creates opportunities for the realization of incomes.
What we have called the consumer spending of households in national income accounting system is defined as the personal consumption expenditures.
The main component of aggregate demand is consumption expenditures of households ...

The housing bubble and its subsequent burst in late 2006-07, were cited as one of the primary reasons for the financial crisis of 2007-08 that left the whole global economy in tense situations. In the US alone, millions of people went homeless, and thousand of real estate companies were having unsold homes and commercial properties. The financial pundits and researchers blamed the easy financing and relaxed regulation on the financial sectors that fed into the bubble, allowing it to grow to proportions and such level, from where it was not possible for the federal system to save the economy ...

Background

During the World War I, United States and European countries economies had forged an intimate and unique relationship and owing to this, the Great Depression spread to these countries. After the World War I, United States emerged as a major financier and creditor of postwar Europe. The national economies of European countries were greatly weakened by World War I and the war debts (McNeese, 2010). In particular Germany and other countries that were defeated were expected to finance war reparations. The United States Economy slowly slumped after the World War I and the American investment credits flow to the European ...

Introduction

There are two kinds of tools available to the economic policy-makers through which they tend to influence the economy of the country; these two tools are fiscal and monetary. The former policy related to the spending of the government and the collection of revenue like altering the disposable income of the people by lowering taxes or increasing the spending so that demand is stimulated. The latter which is the monetary policy is associated with the supply of money and is influenced by such factors like the rate of interest and the reserve requirements for the banks. Usually these policies ...

Question 1: To what extent is government intervention in the international trade of goods and services between two countries necessary to yield economic welfare? Discuss in the context of any one market with which you are familiar.
Since the turn of the century, the developing countries are struggling hard to establish their foothold in the world. These developing nations were once corridors of trade to the Central Asian Market but now they are being swiped off their feet due to the overwhelming response of the capitalist world. It is becoming hard for them to keep pace with the ...

International business is the multi-lateral trade between different countries across the globe. International trade has various positive and negative effects to the participating countries. For example, in the recent past, the world has been rocked by various financial crises originating from different parts of the world. One of the major financial crises that greatly affected the world of commerce is the Greece debt crisis. In addition, there are other two financial crises that have caused negative impacts in both Europe and America. These crises are Spain and Portugal debt crisis (Duthel, 2011). It is evident that management of debt ...

The Overview

Unlike most countries, the US doesn’t have a uniformed health care system; neither does it have a universal health care coverage, and has only recently passed a legislation that mandates this. Because of this, the system is viable to a great number of possible loss and shady profit as well. It is widely known that back in 2009, the US lost seventy five billion dollars ($75,000,000,000) on fraud alone, fifty five million dollars ($55,000,000) in missed opportunities of prevention and one hundred and ninety billion dollars ($190,000,000,000) in paperwork and administrative cost that nobody ...

Global Debt

Definition of the problem
Debt crisis, which was as a result of the credit collapse in 2008, is being experienced by each and every country across the globe. The global credit crisis has caused adverse effects to the global community. For instance, slashing of public services, and selling of public assets has been experienced in an effort towards trying to balance budgets. Regardless of these efforts, the budgets cannot be balanced due to shrinking of money supply. The onset of debt crisis was initiated by financial institutions and not governmental spending as many people tend to believe. Indeed, the ...

Arguably, 2000-2009 was the most difficult moment in the world economy. The financial crisis that took place in United States and the world became the worst financial munch to ever occur in the world. The financial crisis took place in the late 2008 at a remarkably speed, whereby most economic factors were fully disturbed. Mortgage-related securities, which had fully spread in United States as well as global financial systems collapsed. As a matter of fact, this crisis undermined several largest and renowned financial institutions in United states and the world. Additionally, the crisis damaged stronger economies and financial systems in the ...

Description

Language can be highly significant breaking common notion among the masses and the video is a valid proof of it. Will McAvoy played by Jeff Daniels does beyond the common answers expected by the audience and reveals the truth about American current position in the world.
McAvoy shares statistics and the latest positions held by America on issues such as infant mortality, maths, literacy, life expectancy, science, labour force, etc. McAvoy further justifies his claim by saying the only places America leads is number of incarcerated citizens and defense spending. The result of using such strong language and honest ...

Abstract

The 2003 Iraq War received a wide variety of different opinions throughout the international media. While American networks and press organizations entitled the conflict as Operation Iraqi Freedom, the Canadian media and the channels in some Arab nations referred to the conflict as "attack and occupation."
One character in this conflict was Chris Kyle, a deadly sniper in the American military whose life served as the inspiration for the film American Sniper. He wrote a book by the same name that teems with his utter disdain for the Iraqi fighters as well as with his excitement at the chance ...

Question No. 1

Obviously, worker protections have come a long way since the days when young children were working twelve hours a day, six days a week, in Dickensian factories. However, the simple fact is that there are too many people who are still struggling to make ends meet, working at wages that are going to keep them in poverty. If a company is going to employ people at low wages, it should not compound the damage by giving them working conditions that are harsh and unfair. The theory of virtue ethics is one that justifies not only the passage of the ...

‘Instructor’s Name’

‘Subject’
‘The world is too much with us,’ by William Wordsworth
Romanticism was a cultural/intellectual movement that had a profound and long lasting influence on the Europe of eighteenth century. It started during the 1700s and lasted till the mid nineteenth century. It was partly born as a reaction to the industrial revolution and the cultural and social changes brought about by the age of Enlightenment. It emphasized on love of nature and reliance of a man’s natural feelings over rationality. The movement influenced a variety of disciplines such as art, sculpture, literature, drama and music. It was deeply connected with ...

The United States is facing gradual economic growth with large downside risks. The causes of the economic downturn in the US are attributed to the 2007 financial crisis when the nation experienced a housing bubble burst. Another root of downturn of the economy in the US is the sovereign debt crisis. This is so because the countries such as Greece are asking for assistance to finance their debt, which is affecting the US economy and the world economy. The fear is that this would take the United States economy to a low GDP level. Since the US is the leading economy, ...

The most appropriate response for the people in the book, Politics in the Trenches, roots in the perceptions of the people. As the saying goes, the spoken word happens, and if it does not happen, it is bound to happen. Indeed the perception of the citizens about politicians is corrupted by the stereotyping of all politicians (Kirkptrick & Lawrence, 81).
The stereotypical behaviour happens when a person changes in behaviour and recognition of people, who vote. The stereotyping of politicians ranges from different reasons that the voters validate to justify the reason for running for a political office. The reason for ...

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ISBN ...

[Institution Title]
The United States of America is known all over the world for its so many names and titles. However, the country with the highest quality of health care is not among those title. In fact, in 2000 the United States ranked 38 among the 101 countries included in the World Health Organization’s list of Health Care System in the world . This rating was earned despite leading the per capita spending on health care issues and concern. In the 2010 online article, it enumerated the United States taking the spot among the seven highly industrialized nations ...

Cheniere Energy Inc. based in Houston is choosen as the company for the required analysis. It is into the business of LNG. The financial statements of 2013 have been taken and studied for the flexible budget.

Flexible Budget showing three different growth rates

The growth rate of sales for the past three years is 2.73% . As seen from the financial statements of Cheniere the revenues and expenses are not growing at the same rate. In the past three years, there is a fall in revenue in 2012 which has slightly increased in 2013. There was also a fall in the revenue in 2011 as compared to its previous ...

Personal budgeting

Overspending occurs when one uses savings and build up debts. Planning personal budget helps to solve such cases and controlling use of funds. It requires personal discipline as the amount saved and what they are intended to purchase to be fulfilled. Budgeting helps to answer the question of whether one can afford what is spending or intending to do. It helps in decision making in regard of time in comparison with income, saving and cost of the product. One gets to understand spending and prioritizing making stick to the goal or the objective of saving.
There is a technique ...

Executive Summary

This paper is aimed at discussing the Housing Crisis in the USA during year 2007 and it’s after effects. This paper starts with a brief introduction of the topic and then proceeds to the causes which lead to the housing crisis in USA during year 2007. After discussing the causes of the crisis, the early stages of the crises are briefly described which is followed by the actual development of the crisis. The effects of the crisis on US economy are mentioned afterwards which is followed by a brief conclusion of the paper. This paper has been prepared using several ...

1932 Election

On the eve of election for the office for the President of the United States, the country is at a standstill. We have had to suffer through the hardships and pitfalls of the Great Depression; the country has been torn apart by prohibition, and the American economy has brought many families into poverty and desperation. Now is the time for direct action, and we stand on the eve of a choice that will determine the course of action of this country for the next four years. On the Democratic side of the equation sits Franklin D. Roosevelt, cousin of ...

Financial planning encompasses processes and various steps leading to the proper management of available income and expenditure. Managing personal and family finances demands thorough estimation of the incoming revenue and outgoing expenses on a daily basis.

Personal financial plan on the other hand is a plan that specifies one’s financial goals and describes the spending, financing, and investing plans that are intended to achieve those goals. A well defined personal or family financial calls for budgeting and tax planning, managing liquidity, financing one’s large purchases, protecting one’s assets and income (insurance), investing money, as well as planning his/her ...

Introduction

The Canadian labor market is abundant with skilled and qualified workers, and hence, the country’s labor market is becoming increasingly competitive. In this context, it is necessary for the government to ensure that all these candidates are employed and getting paid fairly. However, it is identified that Canada’s unemployment rate soared high during the recent recession and it has not yet recovered completely. Since Canada is a well-developed country, it is particularly important for the Canadian federal government to analyze the short-term as well as long-term costs of high unemployment rate to the country’s economy. This ...

The late nineteenth century and the early twentieth century marked the beginning of the change in gender roles. Women in the Victorian era were expected to stay at home and the best job described to them was that of maintaining the household. Men, on the other hand, were the superior sex and the primary breadwinner. Peiss in her book, cheap amusement, gives an account of how the life of the Victorian woman transformed with the turn of the nineteenth century while that of the man remained the same. Elaine Tyler May on the other hand in homeward bound gives ...

The US Subprime mortgage crisis was a banking and financial emergency situation that led to a recession not only in the US but spread to many parts of the world. The disastrous effects of a crisis in the domestic subprime market on the rest of the world beg questions about the interconnectability and interdependence of the international economy as well as the financial institutions. The international financial crisis also revealed how vulnerable the global financial system was. Not only did the subprime crisis have a direct effect on global markets and countries that held a huge number of US mortgage backed securities and were ...

Thesis

The global financial crisis was a period during which downturns were experienced in the stock markets, economic activities as well as losses in the housing market all over the world. During this period, banks had to be bailed out by national governments and consumer wealth declined significantly. The result was a major recession between 2008 and 2009 .
This paper looks at the global financial crisis in the world, its effect in the US and measures taken by the US to manage it. This financial crisis was experienced in the world in the late 2000’s and the US was hit ...

Introduction

In this paper, I am going to show the effect of school quality on price of housing in the metropolitan area. In the next paragraph, I will conduct a literature review on the various factors that influence the choice of schools by parents and the value of the residential property. In the next section, I shall discuss hedonistic pricing model that can generate effects of school quality on house prices. I will analyze the data collected, explain the method of data collection and discuss the results obtained in the study. The last section is the conclusion of the study.
...

A Comprehensive overview

[Author Name]

Financial Crisis

Introduction
It’s of imperative importance to understand the link between financial system and the economy. According to various economists, it is gauged that there are two primary function of finance. As mentioned in The Economist, it essentially performs as an economic time machine, serving savers to haulage their present surplus income into the future, and on the other hand offering borrowers access to future earnings now. Finance also serves as a safety net, protecting against catastrophic unforeseen events. Hence, by performing these two acts, an efficiently running financial system ensures against the bumps in life, providing ...

Legal and Ethical Issue

Retirement income in the United States (US) fundamentally comes from Social Security. More than a third of the elderly beneficiaries of Social Security rely almost entirely on it for their income (more than 90%), making up the total of two-thirds of them whose reliance on it accounts for more than half their income (Brossoie, 2010; NASI, 2014; Poterba, 2014). Having kept around 22 million Americans out of poverty, Social Security remains an integral program favorably viewed by many (Poterba, 2014). In fact, findings from a study gauging public opinion from different generations conducted by the National Academy of Social Insurance (NASI) ...

Form of Government and Structure

A close analysis of New York City shows that it utilizes a mayor-council system form of governance. The fact that New York City falls is structured under the City Charted offers a comprehensive platform that enhances the success of mayor-council system of governance. Another crucial factor that is worth noting with regards to New York City’s government is that it is more unified than any other U.S. city. This is evident by the fact that the city’s government coordinates a wider array of matters regarding public education, welfare services, water supply, public safety, sanitation, recreational facilities, correctional institutions, as well ...

Abstract

The project deals with the Iranian Revolution of 1979. The first sections considers such essential aspects as popular sentiments dominating the society, ideological groups taking part in the revolt, the unique nature of the Iranian Revolution that differentiated it from conventional European analogues, the factors of success, and rationales behind the revolt like corruption, repression, excessive westernization, economic reforms, and other reasons. The next sections give insight into the major achievements of the revolution and people who took part in the revolt and made accomplishments possible. The final chapter summarizes the focal points of the research.
Keywords: revolution, ...

BUSINESS STRATEGY MODEL

- Introduction
Panera Bread Company is a national bakery-café chain and one of the leading US food service companies. Having more than 1,700 outlets and franchises across 45 states, the District of Columbia and Canada, Panera Bread offers their consumers a great variety of fresh baked goods of high quality and excellent customer service (‘Panera Bread Company’ 2014). Operating in a competitive environment, Panera Bread Company succeeds and has substantial financial revenues. However, in 2013 the sales growth has slightly decreased and was twice less than previous year increase (‘Panera Bread Company’ 2014). In general, Panera’s gross sales, which ...

This study attempts to show the close connection between the quality of schools and residential property values in the metropolitan area. In as much as the quality of education has been integrated into pricing models of residential property, other factors such as the close proximity to each school where the house is zoned and certain neighborhood characteristics have been found to have an impact on property house values. The closer proximity to schools has a positive value to the house prices while an increase in the distance has a negative impact. The quality of education at all levels (elementary and high ...

After the Great Wars that shook the status quo in the 1900s up to the late 90s, many believed that peace would no longer be threatened by worldwide conflict. However, this relief had been shattered when a group had decided to attack several key installations of the world’s only superpower on September 11, 2001, returning the fear that was once felt in the time of the Great Wars. With a group known as Al Qaeda taking responsibility over the crime, the US and its allies have declared “The War on Terror” against groups such as Al Qaeda across the globe. ...

This is a world of rapid advancement and people now love to adopt latest trends in clothes, food, living standards, house building etc. with the passage of time people are demanding new consumer product that are featured with modern styles. Considering coffee, if we look at the present trend then coffee is now infrequently and rarely served as just black in simple. Now, it comes with creams, sauces, syrups, and price tags that go with every cup. Starbuckss and Dunkin’ Donuts are the name of two coffee giants (Carroll, 2013). In this paper comparison is done between two giants by ...

Analysis of “Your Pocket is What Cures You” by Foley, Ellen

Introduction
Medical anthropology and public health are fundamental aspects within the global health since they provide adequate understanding on the requirements of global health. Notably, global health includes the health of all the individuals, communities, societies, and nations within the global arena. Nevertheless, like many other aspects of the global economy, the contemporary global health experiences various dynamics and challenges. The dynamics within the health care organizations have continued to pose challenges to practitioners and stakeholders in regards to offering health care facilities and services.
Consequently, there have been interests within the stakeholders in respect to global ...

Introduction

When the United States emerged from the Civil War, the divisions within its economy showed the reason why the South lost the conflict. Because of the industrialization that had taken place in the North in the first half of the nineteenth century, that side was able to develop materiel more quickly – and to get it to the men on the battlefields where they needed it with more rapidity. The South, on the other hand, was still mostly an agrarian society. While this agrarian dream would fire the imaginations of poets from Dixie well into the twentieth century, it also ...

Introduction

The Texas legislature will have a budget with a surplus. There is a debate if some of the money should be used for educational purposes. Do increased budgets mean higher academic achievement? Are other factors more relevant for increased student success than money?

Body

The portion of the Texas budget known as the general revenue is $101.4 billion this year. That represents a surplus which is being seen as having two possible uses. Governor Rick Perry would like to use that surplus to reduce the tax burden faced by Texans. Rep. Mike Villarreal, D-San Antonio, would like to restore the $5.4 million dollars that ...

According to the Department of Energy, the consumption in the United States of oil products per day is twenty million barrels (Bonsor & Grabianowski, 2012). Out of this amount, close to fifty percent is utilized for motor gasoline. The remaining amount is utilized for jet fuel, distillate fuel oil, and residual fuel among other fuels. One barrel of oil has forty two gallons that yields about twenty gallons of gasoline. Therefore, in the U.S, the daily consumption of gasoline is about one hundred and seventy eight million gallons of gasoline (Bonsor & Grabianowski, 2012). The gas prices affect almost ...

Middle class in the United States

Understanding how increasing taxes for the rich can harm the middle class in the United States

In the United States, taxes are imposed on three different levels – federal, state and local (Pratt & Kulsrud, 2010). These included taxes on property, income, sales, payroll, gifts, imports and various other things. Corporations and individuals pay taxes based on their net income to some local governments, states and the federal. There are different types of tax payers; they all differ depending on their property, work, lifestyle, organizations and other things. Increasing taxes for the wealthy will only harm the middle class within the ...

Five Causes for the Public to Not Trust the Government.

The U.S. government has been the subject of countless conspiracy theories, controversies and slanders. For many, their trust in their government has faltered in recent years. This is largely due to the government’s handling of events such as 9/11, the war in Iraq and the financial recession: many Americans have been left deeply unsatisfied by the government’s handling of these events. Many even discussed the idea that 9/11 was operated by the U.S. government themselves: one site, entitled “911truth.org” even has a whole page dedicated to “The Top 40 Reasons to Doubt the Official Story of September 11, ...