Essays on Polarity

Introduction

Reduction reactions are very important in chemistry as they are effective processes for synthesizing new compounds from existing ones. In organic chemistry, a compound is said to be reduced if it acquires new hydrogen. There are diverse reagents for carrying our reduction reactions. Two of these are sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) - the latter is a more powerful reducing agent compared to the former. In this experiment, NaBH4 was used to reduce p-Nitrobenzaldehyde to form p-Nitrobenzyl alcohol. NaBH4was used over LiAlH4 in this experiment, because LiAlH4 would also reduce the nitro group of the aldehyde.

Experimental:

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The world has experienced many wars in the past with the most memorable being world war I and World War II. Superpowers are currently fighting to protect the world from plunging into world war III with concepts such as nuclear weapons becoming more common across the globe. A country's military power and its ability to exploit this power is used to rank a country among the superpowers. Dominant superpowers and rising superpowers are currently forming allies meant to protect their individual interests which also result in a state of conflict while declining powers are faced with a greater threat ...

Abstract

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) are a type of motors that have permanent magnets mounted on the rotors instead of the rotor windings. This particular design gives the motor a few advantages over ordinary induction synchronous motors. The magnets attached to the rotor do not require excitation, which reduces the power consumption in PMSM. This gives the motor high operational efficiency and reduces the motor active diameter. PMSM are therefore associated with applications that require high torque but have limited operation space. The permanent magnets suffer from flux leakage and are therefore aligned in a pattern that minimizes flux ...

The aboriginal people in Canada are the indigenous people that live in Canada. They are made of the Inuit, First actions and the Metis. The issues that face the Canadian Aboriginals have attracted high mainstream media attention. There concerns regarding policy surrounding the issue such as self-governance, human rights, and employment and education standards. It is also well known that the Aboriginal population earns less the non-Aboriginal population. The course on aboriginal conditions has made me realize the various issues that the aboriginal people go through and that it is a crisis. One of the most important aspects of ...

Introduction

Many countries across the world are faced with the problem of water and soil contamination. The contaminations are caused by industrial effluents, military actions and agricultural activities among others. Human carelessness and ignorance also contribute significantly to water contamination. As a result, new biological, chemical and natural activities have been invented in order to control water contamination. One of the most successful measures used in control of water contamination is phytoremediation. It involves the use of plants to absorb pollutants from contaminated water found on the surface of the land and in the soil. This paper discusses the biological ...

[Client Name] Water is a colourless and odourless liquid, and is very important for human development and survival. It covers 75% of the earth's surface and is mostly found in lakes, rivers and seas. In addition, the human body comprises 78% of water. Water is an interesting molecule and consists of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms. It is covalently bonded and possesses a very interesting characteristic, i.e. polarity. Polarity ensures that water is an effective medium for the dissolution of other polar compounds. In so doing, water is an enabler for many biological reactions (“The Chemistry of ...

International Relations of the Pacific Rim

Question 1 While the realism theory represents a spectrum of opinions or ideas which tend to circulate around four central pillars of political groups. That is egoism, international anarchy and power politics the liberal approach on the other seems to focus on a broader picture in terms of issues concerning enlightenment. It seeks to find a long lasting peace and cooperation in the international platform. Constructivist theory states that both political and social aspects are historically and politically linked. These theories are of the opinion that the situation in the pacific is inevitable from the human consequence but rather it is a ...

Introduction

This paper hypothesizes that the traditional Westphalian state will continue to perform minimal traditional functions. Its relevance will not be washed away despite emerging transnational elites and technological innovations that suppress sovereignty and legal boundaries. As the power of the state reduces, key functions in security, economic and technological sectors will remain relevant. Scholars, studies and policy makers in international relations have predicted about the fate of future inter-connectedness in the global village. They assert that there shall be no hegemonies. There shall be multi-polarity, but no mono-polarity or bipolarity led by mega powers like US, EU and ...

Introduction

As a multi-functional protein, Cytoplasmic Actin can be found in all eukaryotic cells at higher concentration levels of over 100 μM. It is the most abundant protein found in most eukaryotic cells, which makes it a critical player in different cellular functions, such as maintaining cell shape and polarity to transcription regulation. The structure of Cytoplasmic Actin is distinguished by a large number of polymorphic proteins which form the filaments. In eukaryotic organisms, such as archaea and eubacteria, actin-like proteins activities are related to sub-cellular organization, motility, cell shape maintenance and cell cycle progression; they are either associated to cell membrane or ...

Structure and Functions of Cytoplasmic Actin

Cytoplasmic actins refers to the conserved proteins. Actin can be found in all eukaryotic cells, and are involved in variety of cell motility. Protein structure is formed by combination of variety of amino acids by losing the molecule of water. Proteins get involved into variety of biological functions, and proteins have different types of structures depending upon the requirements. This paper intends to discuss different types of protein structures, their functions and other related aspects. The structure of proteins can be divided into three categories i.e. primary, secondary and tertiary. The structures of proteins are polypeptides-sequences that get ...

1- The chapter opens with these words: “ Neeru, shouei, maima, aqua. In any language, water is the most abundant compound on the surface of the Earth.” - Explain the term compound and also why water is not an element. Answer: Compound is a chemical entity made from combination of two or more different elements. These elements lose their individual identities when they combine to form a compound and possess unique properties subjected to that compound. Water is made from two molecules of hydrogen and one molecule of oxygen. Hydrogen and oxygen individually are elements but when combined in the ...

Introduction

Electromagnetism refers to the creation of a magnetic force from the movement of electrical charges. In order to find application in most electrical appliances, electromagnetism concerns the use of electric current to make electromagnets. This field of electricity is called Electrodynamics. It can also mean using magnetic field to induce an electric current. This field of electromagnetism is called Electromagnetic Induction. Almost all electrical appliances use one of the two types of electromagnetism mentioned above especially those with moving parts. This paper discusses the application of electromagnetism in a speaker.

Application of electromagnetism in a speaker

The speaker is basically an electronic transducer which converts electric energy ...

Affiliated School;

Explain polarities and polarity management, Polarities are situations in a business where both the sides have merits and demerits for the firm. This means there is no absolute best decision, but that does not mean that it is the end of business for that firm. This is because not all problems are meant to have solutions but they can be handled in a manner that they do not get out of control (Anderson, Kathy, 2010). Good examples of polarities are cost and quality. This is because a firm always aims at being cost efficient, minimizing costs at all time, at the ...

BUSINESS STRATEGY QUESTIONS

- How does SWOT analysis reflect the basic strategic management process? The SWOT analysis reflects the basic strategic management process since it outlines the company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in order for the company to plot its most effective moves or strategy in order to succeed. (Thompson, Strickland, & Gamble, 2010) The basic strategic management process enables the management of the company to select the best combinations of strategies which will make their organization to perform better. It is reflected by the SWOT analysis in the sense that the listing of the company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, ...

Introduction

In this essay, a research took place about the following topics, which are meant to be clarified: geographic evidence as support of the theory of continental drift, scientifical acceptance of the movement of continents, the process of the scientific method and theory development, the scientific method help in understanding the natural world, association between the plate tectonics, continental drift and natural landforms. With these topics addressed, in this essay, the understanding of the natural world should become clearer, adding new knowledge on the matter, which should complement the one acquired al throughout the course. - Geographic evidence collected ...

Actin in Plant Cells

Actin, one of the most abundant proteins, occurs in all eukaryotic cells constituting almost five percent of cellular protein. Actin is the predominant component of the cytoskeleton. It is worth noting that the all-important cytoskeleton of a plant has three principal components; actin filament, microtubules and intermediate filaments (Jeon, 2003). As a component of the cytoskeleton of plant and animal cells, actin is of crucial importance in a plethora of cell processes that act in concert to govern cell growth and morphology. The cell processes influenced by the actin cytoskeleton include; cell division, organelle movement, vesicle trafficking, organelle motility, and cell signaling, ...

Abstract Chromatographic techniques are used to separate different components in a mixture based on their solubility in the mobile phase and adsorption on the stationary phase. The most soluble components move further with the mobile the components that adsorb more on the stationary phase move a shorter distance. The main component of green leaves is chlorophyll. However more information can be obtained on the content of leaf extracts by separating a homogenate made from a leaf sample. In this experimental report, spinach leaves were used to obtain a homogenate that was separated on paper chromatography to obtain the various leaf pigments. Isopropanol was ...

Analysis of Unknown using Standard Solutions and HPLC

Part 1.

The data for the construction of the standard curve for caffeine and benzoic acid are presented below.

The graphing of the Caffeine Standard Curve (figure 1) demonstrates an R2 of 0.9898 so this is standard curve is satisfactory for our experiment since 0.9898 approaches 1 closely.

The graphing of the Benzoic Acid Standard Curve shows a better fit as R2 = 0.9989. Each sample measuerment lies on the standard curve.

Part 2.

5 ml of warm Mello Yello was left to sit until the carbonation had released CO2 into the air (outgassing the cola). Then 2 ml of the outgassed cola ...

Water

Because of its ubiquitous nature, water, stands out as a pertinent necessity for life. Virtually every single cell requires water for nourishment and for elimination of toxic substances. To perform such life dependent duties, water is endowed with exceptionally unique properties; properties that range from its heat and electrical conductivities, anomalous expansion to its density, viscosity and most importantly its impeccable dielectric strength in addition to its polarity that gives it the ability to dissolve a plethora of compounds that cannot be dissolved by other solvents.

One of the most significant unique properties of water is its polarity. Water is a polar ...

In the world of today’s cinema, 3-D technology is making a comeback. No longer a kitschy gimmick used in the 1950s to bring extra ticket sales to monster movies, it has turned into a phenomenon that turns normal 2-D movies into stereoscopic blockbusters. 3-D films such as the 2009 film Avatar rule the box office, creating landscapes that pop out at the viewer and take them into a new dimension. To this day, more and more blockbuster films are adapting the Avatar model and releasing more and more movies in 3D, mostly due to new technologies and methods for delivering crisp, realistic ...

Advertisements of all shapes and forms are uniquely crafted to send a message to the prospective customer about why this service or product is ideal for them. As a result, it is important to read the text included within them from a linguistically analytic view; this allows the individual to gain a better understanding of what the writer’s intention may be. In this paper, we will examine two advertisements, analyzing both their experiential and interpersonal meanings from a grammatical standpoint.

The first text is an advertisement for an investment company called Challenger, and the ad is meant to convey the importance of getting a ...