Nucleus Research Papers Samples For Students

Matter has been identified to have mass and occupy space. The basic blocks that buildup matter are the atom. The atoms cannot be subdivided chemically using the normal means. There are three main categories of matter, liquid, gaseous and solid. Each of these types is made up of elements. If for instance from a block of iron (matter), it is possible to cut it into smaller pieces and finally end up with the smallest piece possible the atom (MathMol).
Most of the atoms are made up of three basic particles, which are the proton, neutron and electrons. The proton ...

Eukaryotes are organisms that made up of cells that have a have a nucleus that is bound by a membrane. They also have membrane bound organelles. Prokaryotes are organisms whose cells do not have a nucleus or any membrane-encased organelles.

Similarities

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have DNA as their genetic composition or material. Secondly, both cells are membrane bound. They both have ribosomes. They have nearly the same basic metabolism. Both cells have vacuoles. Lastly, the two cells both have vesicles.

Differences

Eukaryote cells have a nucleus while the prokaryote cells lack a nucleus. Eukaryotes have a true membrane binding the nucleus in the cell, while the prokaryote ...

The advancement of technology has precipitated a revolution in scientific understanding over the last several decades. Advancements in research tools has led to new insights into every facet of scientific discovery within the realms of chemistry, physics, and biology and all the sub-disciplines forming their constitution. Increased discovery has brought with it opportunities for cross discipline cooperation which has resulted in the formation of new disciplines and has galvanized scientists to press the boundaries of research and application as has never been seen in human history. One such field testing those limits is genetics. Today’s geneticists have expanded beyond ...

Introduction

“Cochlear implants are electronic devices that contain a current source and an electrode array that is implanted into the cochlea” (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2004) and where electrical current is used for stimulating the surviving auditory nerve fibers. With the development of the cochlear implant having undergone a long history, this paper aims to discuss this history, focusing particularly on the evolution of the cochlear implant over the last thirty years. In addition, this paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the implant, as well as the public’s response to its development and use.

Early Beginnings of the Cochlear Implant

The development of the cochlear implant started ...

The Flu is Heading to the Zoo

The bird flu in China has raised a growing concern to medical researchers who are attempting to study the genetic behavior and sequences of the H7N9 virus together with other H7 strains and avian influenzas. Three people have been killed with approximately 10 others infected raising speculations and questions of the spread of the virus between humans to humans and birds to humans and the consequent risk of a global epidemic. Certain researchers are however worried especially since the virus has been reported to have genetic markers that will aid a faster spread within the human populations amidst claims that the virus ...

Addiction is a dangerous chronic disease which comes in many forms such as drug use, gambling habits, sexual behaviors, the addiction to food and the desire to have an abundance of money that is obtained by any means. Addiction has created destruction in many families, crumbled prosperous lives and has even ended in the death of the addict, Is there a cure for an addict. The answer is no however it can be managed by empowering the addict with knowledge of the disease, taking actions to control the addiction and treating the disease.
2.The difference between addiction and dependency.
...

I. Natural Radioactivity

Radioactivity is a natural phenomenon occurring in isotopes of elements with atomic numbers 20 and higher. This takes place in isotopes of elements with unstable atomic nuclei. Radiation-emitting isotopes are called radioisotopes. When an atom has an unstable nucleus, the number of protons and neutrons are not balanced and there are either too many protons or there are too few of it. This imbalance causes the nuclei to spontaneously decompose to form a more stable nucleus. During this process, energy or particles are released and this is known as radiation.
There are three types of radiation. These are either in ...

(Institution Name)

Introduction

An atomic particle is defined as a unit of matter or energy that has been made up fundamentally of matter. There have been different theories at different times regarding the nature of this particle but in the modern day atomic theory, an atom has a nucleus in its center that is the densest part of the entire particle (NDT, 2016). This part is also the core of the particle. Inside the nucleus, there are protons and neutrons that are subatomic particles. There is a charge on each of the subatomic particles and protons are negatively charged subatomic ...

The bird flu in China has raised a growing concern to medical researchers who are attempting to study the genetic behavior and sequences of the H7N9 virus together with other H7 strains and avian influenzas. Three people have been killed with approximately 10 others infected raising speculations and questions of the spread of the virus between humans to humans and birds to humans and the consequent risk of a global epidemic. Certain researchers are however worried especially since the virus has been reported to have genetic markers that will aid a faster spread within the human populations amidst claims that the virus ...

Cloning has been a particularly intriguing experiment over the years, involving acutely essential milestones and crucial researches. Many hypotheses have been generated; some accepted and others refuted. On 5 July 1996, a domestic ewe, Dolly was born by lan Wilmut and his colleagues. Dolly was the first animal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell (McLaren, 1775). Initially, people, inclusive of scientist, did not believe that somatic cell from an adult individual, could be used to generate a new individual through cloning. However, with the emergence of Dolly, the ideology was disapproved, and, it was with clear conscious that genes could ...

Rat Endocrinology

Hypothalamus
1. What is the molecular mechanism to release TRH?
TRH refers to the thyrotropin-releasing hormone. This hormone is produced by the hypothalamus. Before the full activity of TRH, some tightly controlled processes occur in the body including the appropriate folding of prohormone to move to the secretary pathway, the processing after translation, and movement of the peptides, which are processed, towards the secretary granules for secretion (Nillni n.p.).
TRH develops from bigger inactive precursor (known as proTRH) as a result of modifications after translation and moved through the controlled secretary pathway. Prohormone convertases (abbreviated as PCs) including PC1/3 ...

Abstract

Human XPA is a protein engaged in DNA damage recognition and repair. A mutation in the gene encoding the protein causes an autosomal recessive disorder, xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), which renders an individual sensitive to sunlight and causes skin cancer. XPA is a 273 amino acid protein, which is predominantly localized in the nucleus. It is expressed at both high and moderate levels in several tissues. The protein serves as a damage sensor in a nucleotide excision repair mechanism, through which the damage to a DNA strand is verified and repaired by formation of a newly synthesized strand. Besides this primary NER mechanism, XPA in conjunction ...

Pituitary

The different functions performed by the anterior and posterior pituitary in terms of sex
The anterior pituitary which is also known as the adenohypophysis, is basically an interior lobe (glandular) which alongside the posterior pituitary, makes up the pituitary gland. The posterior pituitary releases oxytocin which stimulates and smooth muscle contraction in the mammary glands and the uterus. The anterior pituitary on the other hand stimulates release of thyroid hormones, FSH and LH to stimulate sex cell production and release of sex hormones; it also stimulates sex cell production as well as secretes prolactin to stimulate milk production. ...

The Structure and Chemistry of a Dry Cell

A dry cell is usually referred to as a zinc-carbon cell because its components. Its electrochemical system constitutes a manganese dioxide cathode and a zinc anode. Additionally, the electrolyte is made up of zinc chloride which is solved in water and combined with ammonium chloride. For the most or commonly used batteries such as the round cells, a rod of carbon is used which is placed centrally down. The carbon rod serves as a collector of current for the positive terminal located at the top of the cell even though it is chemically inert. Current inside the dry zinc carbon cell moves through the ...

Niels Bohr was born on 7th October, 1885 in Copenhagen as the son of Christian Bohr and Ellen Adler. Niels had an older sister called Jenny a younger brother called Harald. He was brought up in an environment that favored his genius status development. His father was a well known physiologist and was responsible for arousing his interest in physics while his mother came from a family with a good background in the field of education. Jenny was a teacher while Harald was a mathematician and a footballer. Together with Harald, Niels played a number of matches with Niels as the goalkeeper (Nobel Media).
Bohr went ...

Cell Cycle

Introduction
Asymmetric cell division is a situation where a cell divides into parts of two cells that comprise two dissimilar cellular fates. For most part, the term applies and is usually used in referring to cells that are essentially diverse at the point of cytokinesis. Cytokinesis is the term used to describe how the cytoplasm and its organelles divide to form two separate cells. The daughter cell formed contains the same genetic material as the mother cell. This implies that individual daughter cell comprise a diverse physical makeup. This stands to convey the contrast surrounding extrinsically dissimilar cells where individual cell ...

Radioactivity

Radioactive decay or nuclear decay refers to the process through which nucleus of an atom that is not stable loses their energy through emission of ionizing radiation particles. Those materials that emit these kinds of radiations are considered to be radioactive. Some of the particles that are emitted include the alpha, beta and gamma rays. The main reason why the atoms emit the radiations is due to their instability. This occurs as the nuclei have no enough binding energy that holds the nucleus tightly together. As the nuclei of the atoms seek to be stable, and this result in ...

Visual loss due to cataract is due to clouding of the lens of the eye leading to the inability of light to pass through it and focusing on the retina in the back of the eye (Jacobs, 2013); the vision loss can be partial or complete in the affected eye. The Latin word “catarractes” means waterfall; to someone looking into a persons eye that suffers from cataracts the clouding looks like the splashing water of a waterfall. It is the leading cause of blindness worldwide.

Disease Process/ Pathophysiology

Transparency of the lens is due to a high concentration of cytoplasmic protein, crystallins, as well as ...

Socializing is the current world is equated to a necessity. Even before the advent of social media, people still needed to socialize and as Postman (while underscoring the important role of communication in socialization) points out, human beings used various means of communication including smoke (7). The role that socializing plays with regard to the development of an individual’s personality, self-percept and image cannot be understated. The advent of the social media has seen many people register on the various social network sites. Social sites like Facebook, twitter, and many other sites which are slowly gaining popularity have found a ...

Foundation of modern cosmology

Cosmology being the study of the universe has been changing over the years to what we currently view it as. Modern cosmology has been founded on the works of various principals who have studied astrology over time and during different eras.
The ancient European medieval and ancient Greeks believed the earth to be the at the universe’s center. They believed that the moon, planets, and sun were orbiting the earth. This idea was believed by many including the Catholic Church who in fact influenced people of their religion to believe so. The Catholic Church banned anybody from ...

Background

In a recent documentary published by National Geographic about the trails of the DNA, particularly in Africa, a lot of facts and correlations between races were discovered. The documentary focused on three races: the Africans, Europeans and the Asians. The researchers theorized that majority of humans in this planet have African origins, at least by looking at their mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome structures. This paper will focus on the different aspects of DNA; what is a DNA and why its journey is such a good one to follow.

Basic Information about DNAs

DNA is a type of nucleic acid located inside cells of living organisms. It is a ...

Immunogenic cell death: the role of SAGE

Immunogenic cell death: the role of SAGE

Introduction

Millions of cells are always being removed in the human body not only to regulate and coordinate the body’s biochemical pathways but also to keep the cells healthy. This particular systematic removal of cells occurs through a selective mechanism called cell death or apoptosis process. Apoptosis is not a new concept in the understanding of the biological workings of the body. This homeostatic death of body cells has been defined as a tolerogenic or a non-immunogenic event for many [1]. However, new discoveries have unearthed the existence of a different concept ...

Facts and Conclusion

Facts and Conclusion
Before we describe what three-parent in vitro fertilization is, let us first define what in vitro fertilization (I.V.F) is in the first place. In vitro fertilization is a process wherein the man’s sperm and a woman’s egg are fertilized outside the woman’s body (Storck, 2014). Once fertilization occurs and the fertilized egg divides to become an embryo, the embryo is placed in the uterus (womb) of the woman. Pregnancy in this sense happens once the embryo attaches to the lining of the uterus (Storck, 2014).
The process of in vitro fertilization is often ...

Introduction

Herpes Simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a virus that belongs to the alpha herpes viridae subfamily and causes genital ulcer diseases. The transmission of HSV-2 occurs most often due to a sexual intercourse in humans, although it can disseminate through physical contact with the lesions and saliva from the patients. Medical professionals may contract the infection and lesions on their fingers, if they inadvertently contact the patient’s vaginal mucosa or mouth, without using appropriate gloves. The HSV-2 infection is known to be asymptomatic in 80 % of the cases . Genital herpes is a frequent infection acquired during pregnancy and about 5 % ...

Parkinson’s disease is a common neurological disorder. It affects approximately 1% of individuals over the age of 60 years. It cases a form of disability which is progressive. However, the disability can be slowed down but not halted by treatment (Hauser, 2013). Neuropathology findings in the disease include the loss of pigmented dopaminergic neurons in the region of the substantia nigra pas compacts. There is also the presence of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites (Lee et al, 2009). In most cases of Parkinson’s disease, a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors has been implicated in the evolution of the ...

Introduction

The term migraine refers to a chronic neurological disorder characterized by persistent moderate to severe headaches that are usually linked to various autonomic nervous system symptoms. A typical case of migraine presents itself as a pulsating headache that affects only one side of the head for a period of two to seventy two hours. Within this period, the patient displays symptoms such as photophobia, vomiting, nausea and phonophobia. There are four documented sequential phases of a migraine i.e. the prodrome phase (1), aura phase (2), headache/ pain phase (3) and prodrome phase (4).
Analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are normally administered ...

The Scientific Method

The scientific method is a set of steps beginning with an observation and collection of information about something. From this information a tentative explanation or hypothesis is generated to explain what is observed. A prediction is then made and the hypothesis is tested by constructing an experiment with a control and variable group. The data is then collected and analyzed. From the data, a conclusion will be drawn (Have Fun Teaching, n.d.)
Although this song only covers the basics of the scientific method, it is very helpful in learning the steps of the scientific method. People often remember lyrics of songs easier ...

Abstract

Stem cells research and particularly stem cell research is an area that has continually stirred up moral, spiritual and cultural dilemmas. Several arguments have been advanced both for and against stem cell research even as advances that are being made in the field of stem cell research continually evolve making it closer to becoming a widely practiced scientific application. Stem cells are widely studied because of their inherent ability to be renewed and regenerated in addition to their ability to adapt to different environments. Some of the benefits of stem cell research are: stem cells can be used in the ...