Essays on Graft

Introduction

According to Trevino & Nelson (2011, p. 35), fraud does not happen as a coincidence. To be specific, fraud in organizations is usually premeditated and has to happen in the right conditions and members of the organization in authority often set these conditions. As such, identifying the root causes of fraud, which is called fraud deterrence, should be one of the priorities of corporate governance. Since fraud has been a common menace in the history of organizational management, various strategies, government regulations, and acts have been developed to prevent the occurrence of fraud (Giroux, 2013, p. 32). These procedures cover ...

Introduction

Heart valve surgery is used for the repairing or replacement of valves of the heart that are diseased. The patients receive general anesthesia in this type of surgery whereby the surgeon makes a large surgical incision in the breastbone. The incision is meant to enable the surgeon to reach the aorta and the heart (Kato Paragraph 2). The relevance of stroke to the procedure of open-chest valve surgery is that it is one of the risks associated with cardiac surgery. Other risks include death, failure of the kidneys, cardiac arrest, irregular beats of the heart, and post-pericardiotomy syndrome (Kato ...

Question 1

The recent developments in Turkey have shown the important role that the constitutional reforms will play in determining the nation’s future. The preceding mass protests in 2013 were accompanied by an influx of corruption scandals that linked with political and business icons and the judiciary. One of the political reforms that are being considered is that the politicians should show the public what they possess. The elected officials such as ministers and political party’s leaders should elect the leaders that disclose their assets to this public. Another reform is that political ethics should be passed into law. ...

Eugenics entails how sexual reproduction can be restructured. Positive eugenics entails the restructuring of sexual reproduction to enhance sexual reproduction of persons with preferred traits. Alteration of sexual reproduction to reduce the sexual reproduction of persons with negative traits is negative eugenics. Deductively, the case in case study one is a case of negative eugenics because it entails the modification of sexual reproduction to promote the sexual reproduction of a child who is free from Huntington’s Disease, which is an undesirable trait. It would be acceptable for the married couple in case study one to select the sex ...

The Table

Cover page. Abstract History Contradictions Opinion Policy Recommendation References Abstract Corruption is a social, political, and economic vice that causes economic problems due to mismanagement of public resources (Girling, 2002, p.81). Corruption in Venezuela rates among the highest standards in the world due to its prevalence in the society. The country ranks among the top 20 most corrupt nations in the world; it is position eight in the ranking. Seventy-five percent of the Venezuelans believe that corruption is widespread in the government hence difficult to eliminate. Protests witnessed in 2014 cited corruption as the main reason for their discontentment ...

In October 2015 the United Nations faced another bribery scandal. New York federal authorities arrested John Ashe, who had been the UN General Assembly president in 2013-2014. He was charged with tax dodging and getting bribes worth $1.3 million from Ng Lap Seng, a business from China. Mr. Ng was also charged in the case. Ng Lap Seng, promoting the construction of UN Center in Macau, donated $1.5 million to the South-South Cooperation Office, the official UN body focused on evolution of the relationships between southern countries. The United States authorities recognized this transaction as suspicious, because it was ...

This is a surgical operation in which a damaged or failing organ in human is removed and substituted with a functioning organ. The organ donated may be from a living or deceased donor. For these organs to match, certain tests must be conducted to evaluate donors i.e. the blood type, HLA testing, and cross-match. The first test in the process of living donation process is the blood test as it determines the compatibility of a match to the recipient (Gan, et al. 775). The organ transplant process consists of several steps. However, the steps are similar no matter the ...

Respiratory Care related topic and the role of AARC

Postoperative pulmonary complications Postoperative pulmonary complications such as pneumonia, atelectasis, and respiratory failure are among the commonly encountered problems in the respiratory care. Upper-abdominal surgical procedures are found to have an association with increased level of complications, followed by thoracic surgery and lower-abdominal surgery. Usually, preoperative and postoperative respiratory therapies are used to prevent or treat the problem of atelectasis – which is the collapse of an expanded lung, and failure of pulmonary alveoli to expand at birth – and to improve the airway clearance. The chances of complications as well as its severity can be decreased by using therapeutic procedures ...

Introduction

Environmental degradation is not uncommon. In fact, it is one of the most talked about topic in international conventions and forums. Apparently, the degradation of the environment is not only a local concern. Environmental problems such as climate change, deforestation, pollution and many others are perpetrated in a local and national level and yet it has global ramifications. However, despite the fact that there are international agencies that creates environmental policies, the effectiveness of these policies and regulations largely depend on the propensity of a particular nation to implement it. The nation’s territorial powers and sovereignty make it ...

CONTENTS I. Introduction 3 II. The Real Reasons of GSK Corruption Controversy 5 (a) Corruption is intrinsic to the elite Chinese business circles 5 (b) The mechanisms of Internal Audit were Not Adequate 7 III. The Response of GSK to the Allegations of Corruption 8 IV. The Nature of GSK Alleged Guilt 8 V. Avoiding the Mistakes of GSK China 9 VI. Lessons Learned 10

References 12

Introduction Doing business in China has never been an easy task. The country has extremely entangled legal framework, intense competition between the domestic and international goods producers, not to mention that this communist country ...

Selection from an 8 year-period of pulmonary valve replacement and cross sectional follow up of a commercially available biological valve, assessed with established and a new method

What This Thesis Is About

Pulmonary valve replacement is a procedure necessary in many congenital heart defects and in-valve degeneration cases. Surgical results are excellent, but the longevity of artificial valves is very limited. Our goal was to give a retrospective overview of methods and results from the year 2000 until 2008 at Rikshospital, as well as the prospective five year follow-up of a biological valve made from bovine pericardium. Follow up included clinical examination with ECG, echocardiography, spirometry, treadmill testing, echocardiography ...

Introduction

Marfan syndrome is named after the French paediatrician Antoine Marfan, who first described the condition in 1896 after observing the outstanding features in a five-year-old girl. The gene linked to the disease was first identified by Francesco Ramirez at the Mount Sinai Medical Centre in New York City in 1991 (Katarina et al, 1990). Marfan syndrome is an inherited disorder that harms the body’s connective tissue such as blood vessels and capillaries. This tissue holds all the body’s cells, organs and tissue collectively. It as well plays an important role in allowance of the development of the human ...

Etiology

Severe renal malfunction and acute kidney ailment, results to kidneys losing their capability to filter and get rid of extra fluid and waste from the human body. Hemodialysis is a technique that uses artificial membrane known as a dialyzer to: get rid of body wastes, such as urea and creatinine from the blood; bring-back the appropriate balance of electrolytes in the human blood; and get rid of unnecessary fluid of the human body. (Hobbs, 1979). Hemodyalysis is among the three therapies that involve renal replacement, the other two are peritoneal and renal transplant dialysis. An alternative technique for extracorporeal filtering of ...

Introduction to Pathophysiology and Nursing

Congestive heart failure and cardiomyopathy in general terms are complications of heart diseases: a good example is heart attack which damages heart muscles. Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the myocardium or heart muscle where the heart loses the ability to beat at a normal rhythm and pump blood normally. Cardiomyopathy and Congestive heart failure result from various complications and heart diseases such as heart valve disorders, arrhythmias and hypertension (Ghosh, 2010, p. 49). Congestive heart failure affects both right and left sides of the heart, although depending on severity of damage and the location, it may affect one side more than the ...

One of the problems which beset many governments today is corruption. With the era of globalization, countries are finding ways on how to eradicate corruption in order to be globally competitive. Investors will definitely not invest in countries whose governments are known to be corrupt. The question that bugs us now is whether corruption can be eradicated or at least be prevented. This essay hopes to argue that corruption can be prevented and can be removed. Corruption figures worldwide are horrendous. According to the Tax Justice Network, almost $30 trillion have been embezzled in the last 15 years ...

Abstract

Organ transplantation is an important life-saving procedure for those people, who have some problems in their organs. However, the problem of organ transplant rejection is an important issue in this case. In this problem, patient’s immune system starts rejecting the organ as a foreign body. This problem of rejection of the organ can be acute or become chronic. Several diagnostic procedures have also been developed to reduce the problem of rejection of an organ. Scientists have done a lot of research in this regard. Acute rejection needs immediate care. In order to reduce the problem, specialists will check the area ...

1. Honest graft means taking advantage of the money making opportunities that come during the line of work, while holding a public office. In this case Plunkitt’s definition of honest graft is pursuing personal interests and pursuing public interests at the same time (Magleby 2004 p 85). He describes it as, “I saw my opportunities and took em” (Plunkitt & Riordon, 2011). Plunikitt’s land dealings show the opportunities he grabbed while in office, where he made most of his money through purchasing land, which he knew would be needed for public projects. He would later sell these parcels of land at ...

Abstract

The number of people being affected by various diseases that require them to have organ transplants increases every day. Meanwhile, the amount of donated organs is extremely insufficient to meet the high demand. There is also the problem of finding a donor match for a recipient and the need to take strong medications that suppress the immune system of the recipient so that the transplanted organ is not rejected. A solution to these problems has been and is still being developed, with laboratory-grown organs holding much promise. These organs can be tailor-made using the patient’s own cells or other cell sources, ...

Stem cells can be referred to as undifferentiated biological cells, which can form specialized cell when they differentiate and have the ability to divide to form more stem cells. Research scientists have discovered a number of potential applications of the stem cells. For instance, mesenchymal stem cells are presently being tried as a potential treatment for graft versus host disease as well as graft rejection. This is after trials on a number of animals demonstrating that treatments with allogenic stem cell were not rejected and demonstrated no difference in capabilities to heal as compared to autologous stem cells. This possibility is under ...

ID Number 1. "Well, i guess the gentlemen are in a pretty tall hurry to get me out of here. The way the evidence has piled up against me, I can't say i blame them much. And I’m quite willing to go, sir, when they vote it that way-but before that happens I’ve got a few things i want to say to this body. I tried to say them once before, and i got stopped colder than a mackerel. Well, I’d like to get them said at this time, sir. And as a matter of fact, I'm not going to leave this body ...

Introduction

Education in the United States has undergone numerous changes since the time of transformation. A comparative analysis between education in the past and the modern dispensation paints a different picture concerning education. The documentary, Two Million Minutes, painted a picture of what education program looks like in the United States. Students basically have a time frame over which they are expected to operate so as to ensure that they are able to meet the education objectives. My experience is that education in America is based on a tight schedule that does not allow the students to venture into other programs that could ...

Introduction

Education in the United States has undergone numerous changes since the time of transformation. A comparative analysis between education in the past and the modern dispensation paints a different picture concerning education. The documentary, Two Million Minutes, painted a picture of what education program looks like in the United States. Students basically have a time frame over which they are expected to operate so as to ensure that they are able to meet the education objectives. A number of changes continue to be experienced in all spheres of life in terms of education (Raney and Heeter). Even though education is intrinsic in ...

Management of the Postsurgical CABG Patient

Management of the Postsurgical CABG Patient Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is a recommended treatment for coronary heart disease (CHD). In the United Kingdom, around 2.7 million people have been diagnosed with this condition (NHS, 2012). The aim of surgery is to relieve angina and shortness of breath by improving the flow of blood to the heart (Parry et al., 2010). These symptoms cause severe discomfort and distress as well as limit the amount and type of physical activity a patient may engage in. Surgery helps patients attain a higher quality of life referred to as satisfaction with life ...

Part 1: Profile of USAID

USAID is an acronym that stands for United States Agency for International Development. It is a non-profit organization that carries out interventions in hard hit areas, primarily in third world developing countries. It is a federal agency of the government of the United States of America primarily tasked with delivering civilian foreign aid. - Areas of Interest USAID has interest in many areas around the globe. Firstly, it is important to identify the areas of operational interest for the organization. USAID seeks to help overseas people who are struggling to live a better life, live in the reins of democracy ...

Human resources management (HRM) has its own set of challenges in each different environment; even in other countries, a sense of organizational justice is often missing. The nation of South Africa is no exception; in order to understand the impact that organizational justice would have in HRM settings in South Africa, it is necessary to learn the politics of the practice as it pertains to South African municipalities. A number of political factors come into play that impact, for good or ill, the effectiveness of HRM to create a safe and productive work environment for municipalities. Service delivery is one ...

Psoriasis is a disease that is part of the broader group of disorders known as papulo-squamous disorders. It is one of the most common dermatological conditions in the world. According to the National Psoriasis Foundation its prevalence is nearly 2.2% of the American population, and 2-3% of the worldwide population. It is clinically characterized by papules that are sharply demarcated from the normal skin and plaques, both covered by scaling skin (Harrison’s, 2008). In the past, the studies on psoriasis focused on the hyper- proliferation of the skin cells; but recently, the focus has changed to study the defects ...

In clinical transplantation, an observed complication is that previous red blood cell (RBC) transfusions may reduce the risk of solid organ transplant rejection but increase the risk of bone marrow transplant (BMT) graft failure (Storb and Weiden, 1981). This statement is seemingly a contradiction. It is difficult to understand how RBC transfusions can both reduce the risk of solid organ transplant rejection and increase the risk of BMT rejection. But this contradiction can be resolved by understanding three considerations. First, the immune system is extremely complex and attempts to control its effects routinely have both positive and negative effects ( ...

Mechanics of Prevention and Rehabilitation

Introduction The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is an important ligament of the knee in regards to stabilization (Friedberg, 2013). The function of the ACL is to resist anterior movement and medial rotation of the tibia in relation to the femur (Markolf, Mensch, & Amstutz, 1976). It is the most common injury of the knee and is frequently injured in non-contact; high impact sports injuries such as, skiers, gymnasts, football, and soccer players, where there is quick movement, and changing of position of the feet. Treatment of ACL tears may require surgery or may be treated conservatively in the case ...

An aortic aneurysm is a pathological dilatation of the aorta. Aneurysms can be subdivided into true aneurysms, which involve all the layers of the vessel wall, and pseduoaneurysms, which involve only the adventitia. Furthermore, an aneurysm can be designated by its overall appearance as fusiform or saccular. The former is where the entire circumference of the vessel is affected and the latter is when there is only a small pocket from the vessel wall. Finally, an aortic aneurysm can also be identified by its location along the vessel (Harrisons, 2008, p. 1564). Aneurysms can be caused by a litany of disease ...

Whistle blowing or public interest disclosure as known in legal jargon refers to a situation when an employee divulges information about a wrongdoing or malpractice that they discover in the workplace. Whistle blowing does not cover cases of poor performance, settlement of personal issues or lack of professionalism. Whistle blowing can only be used where cases of wrongdoing, malpractice and graft are evident, whether done unknowingly or deliberately (Dehn, 2001).

Discussion

I do not think Joseph Wellington handled and answered the question asked by the participant appropriately. When asked the question, Mr. Wellington did not give a clear answer as to what the ...

Part 3: Strategic Recommendations

The basic complaint advanced by the quadruple bypass heart surgery patient and his wife is that the quality of non-critical medical care is below par and should be improved. The surgical personnel did a great job, according to the patient, but there were some few areas of concern. Concisely, the patient experienced what he terms as “near misses” and a feeling of being neglected by the medical staff. He feels that the medical personnel could do more to show some level of emotional involvement in the case and not just appear detached and largely blasé. Similarly, the patient is calling for a ...

The concept of corruption and its elimination has long been a problem for the Philippines since the country proclaimed its independence in 1898. Every administration had claims of corruption activities, enveloping the country in massive debt still paid today. While former and present administrations have denied corruption claims in their tenure, one administration had faced charged both locally and internationally due to evidences showcasing Philippine budget invested in clothing, jewellery, and eventually, the beginnings of a dictatorship. The Marcos’ 21 year regime in the Philippines cited the highest cases of corruption by a public official as he embezzled money from the public ...

Patrick Murphy’s leadership style focused greatly on accountability; he wanted to make sure people were held responsible for their actions and those under them. (p. 33). When Murphy took over the police force, he “considered himself a reform agent,” deciding he needed to clean house to get rid of the ghosts that were rampant in Leary’s tenure as commissioner. Believing that there was too much splintering and division within the department, he sought to bring everyone back together and eliminate this sort of waste.

Murphy also took special effort to curb corruption any way he could; he opted ...