Gender Equality Course Works Samples For Students

There have been several theories and perspectives that have been advanced in the past. The criminal theories expose many instances of the oppressive practices of domination, inhumanity, and inequality in the structure of power in most communities. In the classical theory by Beccaria, the argument is that the benefits of the crime outweigh the costs involved in committing that crime. The theory is influenced byrational choice especially in deterrence. The punishment in this theory was not based on substantial evidence, but it was rather based on deterrence so that crime offenders could avoid participating in certain crimes due to ...

Question 1:

The Chattri and the Muqarnas

The Chattri is a memorial which was built in appreciation and recognition of the input of the Indian Army in subduing the enemy in the First World War (Chattri.com n.p.). Chattri is a word meaning umbrella in Punjab, Urdu and Hindi. Its umbrella-like design also signifies protection. There is an annual pilgrimage ritual which is done to remember the soldiers.

Muqarnas is a prominent feature of Islamic architecture used in the Muslim world. This style consists of domes, niches and doorways. Their function is primarily decorative although they are solutions to structural problem as well. They give an occasionalist perspective of the ...

Part one

A cyborg manifesto is a brilliant article authored by Donna Haraway. It is solely aimed at criticizing the traditional notions of feminism, especially through putting greater emphasis on the issue of identity rather than affinity. In this article, Haraway uses the image or metaphor of a cyborg to urge feminists to move beyond the retrogressive limitations of traditional feminism, gender and politics. The idea of Haraway’s Cyborg calls for a non-essentialized and material-semiotic metaphor that is considered capable of uniting diffuse political coalitions through the notion of affinity (Haraway, 1991, p.153). She clearly addresses the rift between a feminist discourse ...

Gender equality is a human right, an essential condition for the complete enjoyment by women and men. One of United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization or UNESCO’s global priorities is promoting gender equality globally; it is acknowledged as being a key to achieve the objectives and priorities on the promotion of policy – oriented research, capacity – building, and an advocacy for gender equality. The international instruments has existed to support and protect the rights of women, however the inequalities of gender are determined in broad areas in the community. The complete achievement of gender equality is the way ...

Feminism is a complex concept that is not easy to define. It is an ideology that brings together several different subcategories that uniquely differ from one another. The stylish and radical author of the twentieth century, Angela Carter, exposes her feminist view through her various writings including Fairy Tales, The Sadeian Woman and The Bloody Chamber. As observed by Anna Katsavos in her interview, Carter believes that the view of the female gender is negative with their role being less than ideal to an extent that does not please nor give them glory (Carter and Katsavos 12). In her earliest ...

The paper tends to discuss the oddity of Aphra Behn, who is a female writer of 1688 and known as a very famous female novel writer. Her writing style depicts her personality, and her chosen topics are indicative of her station and feminism. The writing style of Behn affects the understanding of the readers. Therefore, the paper is based in the oddity of Aphra Behn novels, writings and her personality.

It is evident that the Behn’s chosen topics are clearly indicative of her feminism. After reading her written work, it can be said that there are many topics in which ...

- What did you learn about Pedophilia?

Pedophilia can be described as an abnormal sexual behavior of a human being. While the sexual attraction of an individual toward someone from the opposite or same sex is accepted and understandable, pedophilia is taken to be an abnormal form of sexual desire. People who are pedophilic have a sexual attraction toward minors who are not sexually developed. The minors are subjected to the sexual acts as the pedophilic person acts as an active partner or participant in the sexual act.

Pedophilia is an abnormal state of the human sexual desire, and there are ...

According to feminist researchers, the intimate violence is widely committed by men against women. In the event of family violence, researches show that the rates of violence are evenly distributed among men and women relatively. Sexual violence is omitted by feminist researchers; they ignore the gendered relationships inequality, reasons, intents, and effects of any violence. The fact that women are on average in terms of strength, they are weak compared to men physically. For example, men punched stronger than women do and caused more injuries. However, there are instances that it is hard to identify who first initiated the ...

Gender norms can be defined as the sets of rules stating what the appropriate masculine and feminine behavior is in a given culture (Ryle, 2012).
Additionally, Gender norms are the standards of behaviors and manifestations that nourish the traits we expect from each gender. There are certain supposed standards of traits that define the line between the two genders.

Some of the norms that have persisted since a long time are:

- Men are supposed to be masculine and powerful, taking in charge of activities while women are supposed to be feminine and passive, supportive of men and yet sexy.
- Men are considered free to be explorative in terms ...

Gender equality is one of the currently debated gender issues in the world in different forums. The media plays a very critical role in shaping the minds and opinions of the public on gender issues. While media coverage highlights the issues that women face in the society today and the varied possible solutions as well as comparing the models used in different countries, it also creates a societal balance, which ensures that people live in an equal society where gender roles are shared. Some of the challenges that women face in eth society today includes underrepresentation in forums and leadership positions, ...

Thesis: There is a misrepresentation of the two sex system that is used in society. The central theme which is addressed by Fausto- Sterling is the fact that there are lots of people who are born of other genders away from the most recognized dimorphism and that many other people do not understand the normality of this possibility. People should, therefore, understand that apart from the two known and acceptable genders, there are three more which should also be accepted which are herms, “merms” and “ferms”.

Summary: The author acknowledges that out of .. “every 1000 children ...

Essay One

Gender discrimination has been an issue of concern. Many people have been subjected to discrimination because of their gender. In the workplace, a lot of people especially the female are often oppressed because of their feminism. A lot of employers have taken the advantage of the females to treat them as less important as compared to their male counterparts.

In the workplace, the females are discriminated during recruitment, remuneration and promotion. Instead of treating the female workers in a similar manner to the male employees, many employers discriminate upon them. For instance, when there is a job vacancy to be filled, a qualified ...

Traditionally, women's role in society has always been a silenced voice, which comes across through their depictions in paintings. The passive female image with the conventional Venus pose is ubiquitous with the classical representation of feminism. The perception of feminism in the 19th century was expressed and can be elucidated through the medium of artwork, noting the daring advances that occurred in art that both inspired and represented the increased progressiveness that feminism was experiencing. Mary Cassatt's "Women in Black at the Opera" explores the emancipation of feminism, through her painting style and all aspects of female ...

1930-39

Probably one of the best films of the 1930’s was ‘Top Hat’ with Cyd Charisse in the title role. Here one can observe feminism demonstrating that the woman was not just a pin up girl but she is capable of coming out with dance rhythms too. Kay Francis and Elizabeth Taylor also showed that the woman did have acting talent and was not just a simple bimbo.

1940-49;

Margaret Sullivan started focusing on the more sensual portrayal of the woman in ‘The Shop Around the Corner’ with James Stewart, her acting was definitely something out of the top drawer ...

Introduction

The women’s movement or feminist movement is a series of campaigns whose aim is reforms on various issues like domestic violence, reproductive rights, equal pay, sexual harassment, sexual violence, and women’s suffrage, all of which fall under feminism label. The priorities of these movements vary among communities and nations and actually range from the opposition to FGM in one nation or to glass ceiling in the other. These movements began in western world in 19th century and have gone through the first wave feminism, second wave feminism, and third wave feminism.

During 1950s and 1960s, there was an ...

The articles presented examine the emerging phenomenon of specialists proposing clinical responses to traumatic events with a philosophical approach. Eastern meditative therapies have been used for extended lengths of time and are becoming more accepted in some professional circles. The unique ideas of the feminist culture are also making headway into mainstream trauma treatments is crisis centers become more empowerment-based.

The basis of all counseling is to create social awareness and help victims of trauma cope and grow through intervention. Every counselor should have as his or her goal readjustment and function after crisis. According to James (2008), “Creating ...

1. Liberalism and Feminist theorist 

Central to the theory and practice of Liberalism is the freedom of individuals to make choices that will result to social outcomes. This particular school of thought believes that “the purpose of society is the advance of freedom, equality, and human happiness” (Auster, 2007, LA reply section). It is important to note though that when one person chooses not to respect the freedom and rights of other people, this violates the concept and therefore could not be considered under Liberalism. The various forms of liberalism: economic, social and political, adopt the central tenet, albeit in different contexts.

Liberalism, ...

1) In her essay "The Five Sexes," Fausto-Sternling (1993) argues that there are multiple intersexes that exist between male and female. As opposed to the Western idea of having only two sexes, there are different groups inbetween; hermaphroditic and intersexual people exist and must be acknowledged. In the case of Levi Suydam, an intersexual man who wished to vote in 1843; since he was considered a woman, he was initially barred from voting, since women could not vote at that time.

Fausto-Sternling's primary argument is that there are many biological instances of the intersexual body that exist ...

1. Summary of the Paper
The paper Expanding the Subject: Violence, Care, and (In)Active Male Citizenship by Sylvia Fuller, Paul Kershaw, and Jane Pulkingham discusses the proposed policy reorientation of active citizenship. The authors argued that the current social policy orientation is too focused on employment and dismisses violence against women as well as disregards men’s neglect of child-caring responsibilities. Their paper calls for the re-conceptualization of active citizenship to address and take into account these male dysfunctions (183-185).
Using qualitative data from semi-annual open-ended interviews of seventeen mothers receiving income assistance in Vancouver, Canada, ...

Discrimination has become a phenomenon challenge today with the most common of its form being based on gender, age, and race. This moral vice is rampant in the American society despite the government’s achievements in creating a free nation. Various factors such as stereotypes are responsible for discrimination in the USA. Gender discrimination is unfair treatment of another person based on his or her sex. In the USA and other nations, women are victims are prone to gender discrimination more than men are.

Men are accused of suppressing the rights and privileges of females in an attempt to dominate the ...

Gender equality is a human right, an essential condition for the complete enjoyment by women and men. It means that there is an equal empowerment, visibility, participation of women and men in all area of public and private lives. The acceptance and appreciation are highly necessary of the complementarities of women and men with their roles in the society as individuals. It measures an equal representation of both women and men in a range of role and responsibility. It does not imply that men and women are the same; however, they should have equal value in the society and with equal ...

- Basing my argument on the maxims advanced by Kantian ethics, the banks in the United Kingdom did not act ethically. The tree maxims advanced by Kantian ethics are used for vetting the ethicality of actions. Under the first maxim, ethical actions reflect an underlying principle that can be followed by everyone. Under the second maxim, ethical actions are those that treat people with dignity rather than as means. Under the third maxim, all ethical actions are universally accepted by all human beings. An ethical act should satisfy the threshold set by the three maxims (Crane & Matten, 2010, ...

Internalization of Oppression

Reading this article made me feel sick to think of how women suffered with binding of their feet, burning alive, and submitting to vaginal mutilation. I felt glad to live in a society that does not believe in any of these practices.
I am surprised by the internalization of oppression. If I was a widow and my husband’s family wanted me to be burned alive with my husband’s corpse, I would run as far and as fast as I could. Hopefully, I would not have married into such a belief in the first place. I suppose certain things are ...

Gender and Racial Discrimination in Public School Punishment

The American education system is based on inequalities and disparities in terms of the treatment that the students get from the administration. This is because the first incidence of disproportionality of punishment based on race and gender was first documented by the children’s defence force in 1975 and up to until now the situation has not changed it is still the same. The differences in the way the students are treated is mostly based on two conditions.

The first condition is the stereotype that is always surrounding the people in different race and gender. White people have always ...

Using a context familiar to you, such as Hong Kong, please describe the concept of empowerment by listing the challenges and feasible solutions to achieve gender educational equality in education enrolment, completion, and educational outcomes (contribution to women's socioeconomic status).

The gender inequality of education in Hong Kong has a huge effect on the socioeconomic status of women after leaving school. A US survey shows that 80% of female workers in Hong Kong believe that they are discriminated against because of their gender and it still generally accepted that sons are prioritised over daughters in terms of finance and inheritance. Whilst ...

In the month of March, 2013, an unprecedented protest created an enormous stir all across the world. A nineteen year old Tunisian girl, Amina, had posted two pictures of her own on a page of the social networking website, Facebook, where she posed topless. She had written “My body is my own” in Arabic over her naked body. This bizarre form of protest was in consolidation with the Femen movement that had hit the world society with its immense impetus. She later gave an interview to the Ettounisia television channel where she conveyed her support for the Femen movement ...

Nobody hates looking at women’s funny character in movies. Something that mulvey well put across. The conditions of watching a move in the cinema gives authority to a voyeuristic spectatorship. All spectators are chirping characters taking pleasure and watching others while they remain unseen. In other fields, feminists have identified voyeurism as violence that is because of gender. The chirping character is most often a man-watching female without her knowledge. Most of the funny erotic scenes, you find a woman fully exposing her body and private parts but never will you find a man doing so. The power of the man’s look ...

Learning goals

As I join this class my learning goals are quite many, but the most notable one is to gain deeper knowledge of the causes and solutions of social problems. In so doing, I will seek to comprehend the role of individuals in solving or reducing the possibility of social problems. Secondly, I aim at understanding the connection between the social problems faced by a society and the economic strength of such a society. Thirdly, I aim at expanding my knowledge on the different interpretations of social problems, such as the conflict theory, and the structural theory, and so on.

My understanding of social problems

In my ...

- Definitions of the four perspectives

Functionalist looks at the society as parts that are interconnected and are able to work in harmony with each other to attain equilibrium and social balance. The state educates children whose parents are paying tax to maintain the same government.

Conflict perspective looks at society as having different interest and groups, which are competing for power and the scarce resources. This perspective is according to works of Karl Marx.

Symbolic Integrationist tends explore dynamics of the psychology of the individuals that interact in various small groups. It tries to explain ...

Sovereignty: The word sovereignty means having paramount authority over a polity. The concept is, if a land is sovereign, then no external force has the right to intervene in the internal matters of the land.

International Organization: International organization has international presence, scope and membership. Such organizations operate across various nations. There are two categories of international organizations: INGOs and NGOs.

Actor: Any force that takes part in any political scenario, and has a role to play in it is known as an actor.

Anarchy: Anarchy is the absence of any government or the condition of disorder that ...

Questions for Women and Cinema

Part I

1. Transgender
It is a state in which an individual’s gender is not matching his or her assigned sex responsibility. It refers to the trans-genders, such as homosexual, bisexuals, heterosexual. In the Paris burning film, the issue of Transgender is explored using various characters men and women. For instance, Trans women used as members of the club to show realness. The women are sued to enhance transgender in the film, this shows that as much as they are women they can also compete men and become real (Besnier and Kalissa 34).

2. Monstrous-feminine
The female ...

Women have historically played a subordinate role to men across social, political and economic spheres. The oppression is clear in the firmly embedded gender roles set expectations of proper attitudes, activities and behaviour for both genders. Gender differences have persisted in the United States culture due to the systematic socialization of infants and babies, adolescents, children and adults. Women are traditionally expected to hold domestic roles and child rearing, while men, who are thought to be stronger and more aggressive, took on the responsibility of providing for the family. This perception is reflected in the careers that the respective genders ...

Comprehending the effects of cultural disparities among the members of the project team is gaining prominence in the purview of project management. Given this era of heightened globalization, people are increasingly interacting with other people from different cultural backgrounds. Each organization has its unique culture, which is defined as

“A system of shared assumptions, values and beliefs, which governs how people behave in organizations” (Anbari et al., 2014, p. 2).
The organizational culture has overly influenced the organization’s staff and dictated the manner in which they perform tasks. In other words, the organizational culture provides the ...

Part 1: Pacific Islanders: The people, their culture and their life

The Pacific Islanders inhabit between 20,000 and 30,000 islands in the Pacific Ocean. These islands are sometimes collectively referred to as Oceania traditionally grouped into three; (1) Micronesia meaning the black islands consists of New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, Maluku, West Papua, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Fiji and the Solomon Islands). (2) Melanesia meaning small islands are found on the North of the Equator and consists of Guam, Wake Island, Marshall Islands, Northern Marianas, Palau, Nauru, Kiribati and the Federated States of Micronesia) and (3) Polynesia meaning many islands are found south of the equator and consist of ...

Women’s events and developments influenced every life of the women because it motivates women to have a strong unity towards equality. In the African American community, the complexity of the personal moral development and social movement leadership among women were wives, teachers, farmers, mothers, and workers from politically active experiences. Many changes swept in the United States that altered the lives of women at all levels of the society. The nature of these changes helped the women to face circumstances that gave them the path to enter in the political arena in behalf of other women. It was not only ...

There are different user needs that should be considered while undertaking project design. There are different needs for different users. The needs of the users are the parameters and the dimensions along which the different needs of the users may be found to vary. Different users have varying needs, thus, need considerations along these lines.

Physical characteristics

Physical characteristics are the features that describe the outward features of users. These features include the size of the hands of different users, the eyesight, color of the interface and the ease at which the desktop icons can be manipulated. If the user interface ...

Introduction

Active aging is influenced by a variety of determinants surrounding an individual. A good comprehension of these determinants is very useful in the formulation of programs and policies for promotion of wellbeing and health. Health determinants of aging are very good predictors of how populations and individuals age. It is essential to obtain data about the health determinants of aging for an individual or a population to understand how these determinants influence aging (WHO, 2012).
Well-designed health questionnaires are good methods of gathering data about the health determinants of aging. Questionnaires are standardized and objective data collection methods. They are ...

Summary of leadership philosophy

Every leader in society or organization has their personal approach and perception towards doing things. Leadership must be guided by specific philosophies that provide direction on how to achieve the desired results and performance. A leadership philosophy is quite different from leadership styles or models. A leadership philosophy focuses on how a leader behaves and his characteristics. It is the detailed kind of leadership a certain leader offers to his subjects. The philosophy I hold towards leadership is a combination of two philosophies. My leadership philosophy is to offer leadership that is based on ethics, servants and values.

Leadership should be centred ...

1. Outline the categories of violence as described by Jamil Salmi.

According to Salmi, the phenomenon of violence has many characteristics, with particular causes per characteristic and with particular causational agents per cause. Violence also exists in several forms, including direct violence, indirect violence, repressive violence, and alienating violence.

Direct violence is characterized by any physical, in-person act causing intended harm. In this category would be included A) any act resulting in death (homicide, genocide, infanticide); and B) any “coercive or brutal” (Module 6, 44) at threatening or resulting in physical or psychological damage or suffering—including rape, spousal abuse, political imprisonment, for example.

Indirect violence is characterized by ...

Cultural competence is a skill required to interact with individuals of various cultures in the fields where people work with persons from different cultural background. To work as a police officer based on the preference of cultural competence is more significant than the next levels in the criminal system. Officers must increase their own cultural competence and include cultural competence as an essential requirement in being indulgent, evaluating, and reporting certain kinds of incidents and crimes. As a profession, law enforcement needs to make sure that agencies promote the importance of officer effectiveness across all backgrounds and equitable principals, policies, and structure ...

Gender stereotyping involves simplistic generalizations concerning gender attributes, individual roles and differences. These stereotypes could result into negative or positive impacts on one or both genders. However, stereotypes are not the true or accurate reflection of what they communicate. They are mainly composed of gender assumptions with no evidence to support. There are different stereotypes for different genders. Stereotypes have changed over time as human beings and society evolves and research has rendered some of the stereotypes null and void.

Female stereotypes are those unproven beliefs about female members of the society. In most societies, the stereotypes begin as ...

Gender refers to the range of characteristics of masculinity and femininity. Depending on the context, the defining characteristics range from social roles to sex and gender roles to gender identity. It defines the socially constructed roles, activities, behaviors and attributes that are deemed appropriate for both men and women. On the hand, sexual orientation refers to a pattern of attraction usually, sexual, emotional, romantic or combination of all these to an opposite sex, same sex or both sexes and the genders that associate with them. It combines an individual’s sense of private and social identity based on the attractions ( ...

The aim of this paper is to describe the physical, cognitive and socio-emotional changes that occur throughout the lifespan, that is, from infancy to early, middle and late childhood and early, middle and late adulthood.

Infancy

Infancy is a period during which infants make significant gains in weight and length. Their bones also harden due to the deposition of calcium and other minerals. Their muscles also increase in size and strength. The brain of infants also grows tremendously at a faster rate than the rest of the body. Infancy is also the period during which the infant achieves major milestones like crawling, ...

Introduction

Gender identity acts as an aspect of self-concept, which gives a person the sense of being either a male or a female. The gender role affects gender identity, which is the outward manifestation and not necessarily the child’s sex at birth (Rathus, Nevid & Fichner-Rathus, 2005). It is possible for a child to have a hindered gender identity at the time of birth caused by hormonal errors during development stage. Hormonal errors lead to conflict between the inner sexual self and physical sexual genitalia. As early as 18 months, the children become aware of their anatomic sex and there is no confusion whether a ...

Are corporate executives compensated excessively? Why or why not?

The corporate executives are compensated excessively. It is documented that for last ten years, corporate executives were compensated three times more than the usual worker. The report reveals that a US Chief executive office earns 365 times more than what a normal employee earns a day, they are rated the leading earners in the whole world. For instance, in 1974, it was estimated an American CEO earned over 30times than a factory worker. Statistically, the rate of pay of the CEO gradually increased from 120 times in 1990 to 431 times in 2004. The reason behind these was due to corporate revenue increment ...

Analyzing the Components of the Psychoanalytic Approach to Personality

Psychoanalytic theories cover the concept of the unconscious and the influence it has to behaviors and personality. Sigmund Freud, a neurologist was a specialist who dealt with nerve disorders. He focused his studies on the hidden instinctive behavior important in human psyche. During his day-to-day activities, he tackled problems from people who came to him for assistance including private personal lives, anxieties and personal problems. He found out that personality is highly controlled by forces, which came unnoticed. He therefore argued that individual personality consist of large portion of unawareness and unconsciousness (Hodzic et al., 2010).
In his study, he ...

Psychology theories

1 Identify the main ideas of major theories of intelligence.

Intelligence can be one of the most complex subjects of discussion and has been in existence for several years. It is mainly debated within psychology but there is no general definition to be used precisely on what intelligence constitute. Some scholars have proposed that intelligence is a general, single capacity, while other states that intelligence entails a wide range of aptitudes, talents, knowledge, and skills. Historically, the way people think of intelligence has changed over the years, whereby Spearman suggested that intelligence was common (g factor) and emphasized steadiness in people ...